path: root/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py

# Copyright 2017 Vector Creations Ltd
# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import heapq
import logging
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
    Awaitable,
    Callable,
    List,
    Optional,
    Tuple,
    TypeVar,
)

import attr

from synapse.api.constants import AccountDataTypes
from synapse.replication.http.streams import ReplicationGetStreamUpdates

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from synapse.server import HomeServer
    from synapse.storage.util.id_generators import AbstractStreamIdGenerator

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# the number of rows to request from an update_function.
_STREAM_UPDATE_TARGET_ROW_COUNT = 100


# Some type aliases to make things a bit easier.

# A stream position token
Token = int

# The type of a stream update row, after JSON deserialisation, but before
# parsing with Stream.parse_row (which turns it into a `ROW_TYPE`). Normally it's
# just a row from a database query, though this is dependent on the stream in question.
#
StreamRow = TypeVar("StreamRow", bound=Tuple)

# The type returned by the update_function of a stream, as well as get_updates(),
# get_updates_since, etc.
#
# It consists of a triplet `(updates, new_last_token, limited)`, where:
#   * `updates` is a list of `(token, row)` entries.
#   * `new_last_token` is the new position in stream.
#   * `limited` is whether there are more updates to fetch.
#
StreamUpdateResult = Tuple[List[Tuple[Token, StreamRow]], Token, bool]

# The type of an update_function for a stream
#
# The arguments are:
#
#  * instance_name: the writer of the stream
#  * from_token: the previous stream token: the starting point for fetching the
#    updates
#  * to_token: the new stream token: the point to get updates up to
#  * target_row_count: a target for the number of rows to be returned.
#
# The update_function is expected to return up to _approximately_ target_row_count rows.
# If there are more updates available, it should set `limited` in the result, and
# it will be called again to get the next batch.
#
UpdateFunction = Callable[[str, Token, Token, int], Awaitable[StreamUpdateResult]]


class Stream:
    """Base class for the streams.

    Provides a `get_updates()` function that returns new updates since the last
    time it was called.
    """

    NAME: str  # The name of the stream
    # The type of the row. Used by the default impl of parse_row.
    ROW_TYPE: Any = None

    @classmethod
    def parse_row(cls, row: StreamRow) -> Any:
        """Parse a row received over replication

        By default, assumes that the row data is an array object and passes its contents
        to the constructor of the ROW_TYPE for this stream.

        Args:
            row: row data from the incoming RDATA command, after json decoding

        Returns:
            ROW_TYPE object for this stream
        """
        return cls.ROW_TYPE(*row)

    def __init__(
        self,
        local_instance_name: str,
        update_function: UpdateFunction,
    ):
        """Instantiate a Stream

        `update_function` is called to get updates for this stream between a
        pair of stream tokens. See the `UpdateFunction` type definition for more
        info.

        Args:
            local_instance_name: The instance name of the current process
            current_token_function: callback to get the current token, as above
            update_function: callback go get stream updates, as above
        """
        self.local_instance_name = local_instance_name
        self.update_function = update_function

        # The token from which we last asked for updates
        self.last_token = self.current_token(self.local_instance_name)

    def current_token(self, instance_name: str) -> Token:
        """This takes an instance name, which is a writer to
        the stream, and returns the position in the stream of the writer (as
        viewed from the current process).
        """
        # We can't make this an abstract class as it makes mypy unhappy.
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
        """Tries to return a minimal current token for the local instance,
        i.e. for writers this would be the last successful write.

        If local instance is not a writer (or has written yet) then falls back
        to returning the normal "current token".
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def discard_updates_and_advance(self) -> None:
        """Called when the stream should advance but the updates would be discarded,
        e.g. when there are no currently connected workers.
        """
        self.last_token = self.current_token(self.local_instance_name)

    async def get_updates(self) -> StreamUpdateResult:
        """Gets all updates since the last time this function was called (or
        since the stream was constructed if it hadn't been called before).

        Returns:
            A triplet `(updates, new_last_token, limited)`, where `updates` is
            a list of `(token, row)` entries, `new_last_token` is the new
            position in stream (ie the highest token returned in the updates),
            and `limited` is whether there are more updates to fetch.
        """
        current_token = self.current_token(self.local_instance_name)
        updates, current_token, limited = await self.get_updates_since(
            self.local_instance_name, self.last_token, current_token
        )
        self.last_token = current_token

        return updates, current_token, limited

    async def get_updates_since(
        self, instance_name: str, from_token: Token, upto_token: Token
    ) -> StreamUpdateResult:
        """Like get_updates except allows specifying from when we should
        stream updates

        Returns:
            A triplet `(updates, new_last_token, limited)`, where `updates` is
            a list of `(token, row)` entries, `new_last_token` is the new
            position in stream, and `limited` is whether there are more updates
            to fetch.
        """

        from_token = int(from_token)

        if from_token == upto_token:
            return [], upto_token, False

        updates, upto_token, limited = await self.update_function(
            instance_name,
            from_token,
            upto_token,
            _STREAM_UPDATE_TARGET_ROW_COUNT,
        )
        return updates, upto_token, limited


class _StreamFromIdGen(Stream):
    """Helper class for simple streams that use a stream ID generator"""

    def __init__(
        self,
        local_instance_name: str,
        update_function: UpdateFunction,
        stream_id_gen: "AbstractStreamIdGenerator",
    ):
        self._stream_id_gen = stream_id_gen
        super().__init__(local_instance_name, update_function)

    def current_token(self, instance_name: str) -> Token:
        return self._stream_id_gen.get_current_token_for_writer(instance_name)

    def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
        return self._stream_id_gen.get_minimal_local_current_token()


def current_token_without_instance(
    current_token: Callable[[], int]
) -> Callable[[str], int]:
    """Takes a current token callback function for a single writer stream
    that doesn't take an instance name parameter and wraps it in a function that
    does accept an instance name parameter but ignores it.
    """
    return lambda instance_name: current_token()


def make_http_update_function(hs: "HomeServer", stream_name: str) -> UpdateFunction:
    """Makes a suitable function for use as an `update_function` that queries
    the master process for updates.
    """

    client = ReplicationGetStreamUpdates.make_client(hs)

    async def update_function(
        instance_name: str, from_token: int, upto_token: int, limit: int
    ) -> StreamUpdateResult:
        result = await client(
            instance_name=instance_name,
            stream_name=stream_name,
            from_token=from_token,
            upto_token=upto_token,
        )
        return result["updates"], result["upto_token"], result["limited"]

    return update_function


class BackfillStream(Stream):
    """We fetched some old events and either we had never seen that event before
    or it went from being an outlier to not.
    """

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class BackfillStreamRow:
        event_id: str
        room_id: str
        type: str
        state_key: Optional[str]
        redacts: Optional[str]
        relates_to: Optional[str]

    NAME = "backfill"
    ROW_TYPE = BackfillStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            self.store.get_all_new_backfill_event_rows,
        )

    def current_token(self, instance_name: str) -> Token:
        # The backfill stream over replication operates on *positive* numbers,
        # which means we need to negate it.
        return -self.store._backfill_id_gen.get_current_token_for_writer(instance_name)

    def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
        # The backfill stream over replication operates on *positive* numbers,
        # which means we need to negate it.
        return -self.store._backfill_id_gen.get_minimal_local_current_token()


class PresenceStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class PresenceStreamRow:
        user_id: str
        state: str
        last_active_ts: int
        last_federation_update_ts: int
        last_user_sync_ts: int
        status_msg: str
        currently_active: bool

    NAME = "presence"
    ROW_TYPE = PresenceStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        store = hs.get_datastores().main

        if hs.get_instance_name() in hs.config.worker.writers.presence:
            # on the presence writer, query the presence handler
            presence_handler = hs.get_presence_handler()

            from synapse.handlers.presence import PresenceHandler

            assert isinstance(presence_handler, PresenceHandler)

            update_function: UpdateFunction = presence_handler.get_all_presence_updates
        else:
            # Query presence writer process
            update_function = make_http_update_function(hs, self.NAME)

        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(), update_function, store._presence_id_gen
        )


class PresenceFederationStream(Stream):
    """A stream used to send ad hoc presence updates over federation.

    Streams the remote destination and the user ID of the presence state to
    send.
    """

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class PresenceFederationStreamRow:
        destination: str
        user_id: str

    NAME = "presence_federation"
    ROW_TYPE = PresenceFederationStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self._federation_queue = hs.get_presence_handler().get_federation_queue()
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            self._federation_queue.get_replication_rows,
        )

    def current_token(self, instance_name: str) -> Token:
        return self._federation_queue.get_current_token(instance_name)

    def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
        return self._federation_queue.get_current_token(self.local_instance_name)


class TypingStream(Stream):
    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class TypingStreamRow:
        """
        An entry in the typing stream.
        Describes all the users that are 'typing' right now in one room.

        When a user stops typing, it will be streamed as a new update with that
        user absent; you can think of the `user_ids` list as overwriting the
        entire list that was there previously.
        """

        # The room that this update is for.
        room_id: str

        # All the users that are 'typing' right now in the specified room.
        user_ids: List[str]

    NAME = "typing"
    ROW_TYPE = TypingStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        if hs.get_instance_name() in hs.config.worker.writers.typing:
            # On the writer, query the typing handler
            typing_writer_handler = hs.get_typing_writer_handler()
            update_function: Callable[
                [str, int, int, int], Awaitable[Tuple[List[Tuple[int, Any]], int, bool]]
            ] = typing_writer_handler.get_all_typing_updates
            self.current_token_function = typing_writer_handler.get_current_token
        else:
            # Query the typing writer process
            update_function = make_http_update_function(hs, self.NAME)
            self.current_token_function = hs.get_typing_handler().get_current_token

        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            update_function,
        )

    def current_token(self, instance_name: str) -> Token:
        return self.current_token_function()

    def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
        return self.current_token_function()


class ReceiptsStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class ReceiptsStreamRow:
        room_id: str
        receipt_type: str
        user_id: str
        event_id: str
        thread_id: Optional[str]
        data: dict

    NAME = "receipts"
    ROW_TYPE = ReceiptsStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        store = hs.get_datastores().main
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            store.get_all_updated_receipts,
            store._receipts_id_gen,
        )


class PushRulesStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    """A user has changed their push rules"""

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class PushRulesStreamRow:
        user_id: str

    NAME = "push_rules"
    ROW_TYPE = PushRulesStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        store = hs.get_datastores().main

        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            store.get_all_push_rule_updates,
            store._push_rules_stream_id_gen,
        )


class PushersStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    """A user has added/changed/removed a pusher"""

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class PushersStreamRow:
        user_id: str
        app_id: str
        pushkey: str
        deleted: bool

    NAME = "pushers"
    ROW_TYPE = PushersStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        store = hs.get_datastores().main

        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            store.get_all_updated_pushers_rows,
            store._pushers_id_gen,
        )


class CachesStream(Stream):
    """A cache was invalidated on the master and no other stream would invalidate
    the cache on the workers
    """

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class CachesStreamRow:
        """Stream to inform workers they should invalidate their cache.

        Attributes:
            cache_func: Name of the cached function.
            keys: The entry in the cache to invalidate. If None then will
                invalidate all.
            invalidation_ts: Timestamp of when the invalidation took place.
        """

        cache_func: str
        keys: Optional[List[Any]]
        invalidation_ts: int

    NAME = "caches"
    ROW_TYPE = CachesStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            self.store.get_all_updated_caches,
        )

    def current_token(self, instance_name: str) -> Token:
        return self.store.get_cache_stream_token_for_writer(instance_name)

    def minimal_local_current_token(self) -> Token:
        return self.current_token(self.local_instance_name)


class DeviceListsStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    """Either a user has updated their devices or a remote server needs to be
    told about a device update.
    """

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class DeviceListsStreamRow:
        entity: str
        # Indicates that a user has signed their own device with their user-signing key
        is_signature: bool

    NAME = "device_lists"
    ROW_TYPE = DeviceListsStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            self._update_function,
            self.store._device_list_id_gen,
        )

    async def _update_function(
        self,
        instance_name: str,
        from_token: Token,
        current_token: Token,
        target_row_count: int,
    ) -> StreamUpdateResult:
        (
            device_updates,
            devices_to_token,
            devices_limited,
        ) = await self.store.get_all_device_list_changes_for_remotes(
            instance_name, from_token, current_token, target_row_count
        )

        (
            signatures_updates,
            signatures_to_token,
            signatures_limited,
        ) = await self.store.get_all_user_signature_changes_for_remotes(
            instance_name, from_token, current_token, target_row_count
        )

        upper_limit_token = current_token
        if devices_limited:
            upper_limit_token = min(upper_limit_token, devices_to_token)
        if signatures_limited:
            upper_limit_token = min(upper_limit_token, signatures_to_token)

        device_updates = [
            (stream_id, (entity, False))
            for stream_id, (entity,) in device_updates
            if stream_id <= upper_limit_token
        ]

        signatures_updates = [
            (stream_id, (entity, True))
            for stream_id, (entity,) in signatures_updates
            if stream_id <= upper_limit_token
        ]

        updates = list(
            heapq.merge(device_updates, signatures_updates, key=lambda row: row[0])
        )

        return updates, upper_limit_token, devices_limited or signatures_limited


class ToDeviceStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    """New to_device messages for a client"""

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class ToDeviceStreamRow:
        entity: str

    NAME = "to_device"
    ROW_TYPE = ToDeviceStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        store = hs.get_datastores().main
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            store.get_all_new_device_messages,
            store._device_inbox_id_gen,
        )


class AccountDataStream(_StreamFromIdGen):
    """Global or per room account data was changed"""

    @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
    class AccountDataStreamRow:
        user_id: str
        room_id: Optional[str]
        data_type: str

    NAME = "account_data"
    ROW_TYPE = AccountDataStreamRow

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        super().__init__(
            hs.get_instance_name(),
            self._update_function,
            self.store._account_data_id_gen,
        )

    async def _update_function(
        self, instance_name: str, from_token: int, to_token: int, limit: int
    ) -> StreamUpdateResult:
        limited = False
        global_results = await self.store.get_updated_global_account_data(
            from_token, to_token, limit
        )

        # if the global results hit the limit, we'll need to limit the room results to
        # the same stream token.
        if len(global_results) >= limit:
            to_token = global_results[-1][0]
            limited = True

        room_results = await self.store.get_updated_room_account_data(
            from_token, to_token, limit
        )

        # likewise, if the room results hit the limit, limit the global results to
        # the same stream token.
        if len(room_results) >= limit:
            to_token = room_results[-1][0]
            limited = True

        tags, tag_to_token, tags_limited = await self.store.get_all_updated_tags(
            instance_name,
            from_token,
            to_token,
            limit,
        )

        # again, if the tag results hit the limit, limit the global results to
        # the same stream token.
        if tags_limited:
            to_token = tag_to_token
            limited = True

        # convert the global results to the right format, and limit them to the to_token
        # at the same time
        global_rows = (
            (stream_id, (user_id, None, account_data_type))
            for stream_id, user_id, account_data_type in global_results
            if stream_id <= to_token
        )

        room_rows = (
            (stream_id, (user_id, room_id, account_data_type))
            for stream_id, user_id, room_id, account_data_type in room_results
            if stream_id <= to_token
        )

        tag_rows = (
            (stream_id, (user_id, room_id, AccountDataTypes.TAG))
            for stream_id, user_id, room_id in tags
            if stream_id <= to_token
        )

        # We need to return a sorted list, so merge them together.
        #
        # Note: We order only by the stream ID to work around a bug where the
        # same stream ID could appear in both `global_rows` and `room_rows`,
        # leading to a comparison between the data tuples. The comparison could
        # fail due to attempting to compare the `room_id` which results in a
        # `TypeError` from comparing a `str` vs `None`.
        updates = list(
            heapq.merge(room_rows, global_rows, tag_rows, key=lambda row: row[0])
        )
        return updates, to_token, limited