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<h1 id="jwt-login-type"><a class="header" href="#jwt-login-type">JWT Login Type</a></h1>
<p>Synapse comes with a non-standard login type to support
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Web_Token">JSON Web Tokens</a>. In general the
documentation for
<a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/client_server/r0.6.1#login">the login endpoint</a>
is still valid (and the mechanism works similarly to the
<a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/client_server/r0.6.1#token-based">token based login</a>).</p>
<p>To log in using a JSON Web Token, clients should submit a <code>/login</code> request as
follows:</p>
<pre><code class="language-json">{
"type": "org.matrix.login.jwt",
"token": "<jwt>"
}
</code></pre>
<p>The <code>token</code> field should include the JSON web token with the following claims:</p>
<ul>
<li>A claim that encodes the local part of the user ID is required. By default,
the <code>sub</code> (subject) claim is used, or a custom claim can be set in the
configuration file.</li>
<li>The expiration time (<code>exp</code>), not before time (<code>nbf</code>), and issued at (<code>iat</code>)
claims are optional, but validated if present.</li>
<li>The issuer (<code>iss</code>) claim is optional, but required and validated if configured.</li>
<li>The audience (<code>aud</code>) claim is optional, but required and validated if configured.
Providing the audience claim when not configured will cause validation to fail.</li>
</ul>
<p>In the case that the token is not valid, the homeserver must respond with
<code>403 Forbidden</code> and an error code of <code>M_FORBIDDEN</code>.</p>
<p>As with other login types, there are additional fields (e.g. <code>device_id</code> and
<code>initial_device_display_name</code>) which can be included in the above request.</p>
<h2 id="preparing-synapse"><a class="header" href="#preparing-synapse">Preparing Synapse</a></h2>
<p>The JSON Web Token integration in Synapse uses the
<a href="https://docs.authlib.org/en/latest/index.html"><code>Authlib</code></a> library, which must be installed
as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The relevant libraries are included in the Docker images and Debian packages
provided by <code>matrix.org</code> so no further action is needed.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If you installed Synapse into a virtualenv, run <code>/path/to/env/bin/pip install synapse[jwt]</code> to install the necessary dependencies.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For other installation mechanisms, see the documentation provided by the
maintainer.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>To enable the JSON web token integration, you should then add a <code>jwt_config</code> option
to your configuration file. See the <a href="usage/configuration/config_documentation.html#jwt_config">configuration manual</a> for some
sample settings.</p>
<h2 id="how-to-test-jwt-as-a-developer"><a class="header" href="#how-to-test-jwt-as-a-developer">How to test JWT as a developer</a></h2>
<p>Although JSON Web Tokens are typically generated from an external server, the
example below uses a locally generated JWT.</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>Configure Synapse with JWT logins, note that this example uses a pre-shared
secret and an algorithm of HS256:</p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">jwt_config:
enabled: true
secret: "my-secret-token"
algorithm: "HS256"
</code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>Generate a JSON web token:</p>
<p>You can use the following short Python snippet to generate a JWT
protected by an HMAC.
Take care that the <code>secret</code> and the algorithm given in the <code>header</code> match
the entries from <code>jwt_config</code> above.</p>
<pre><code class="language-python">from authlib.jose import jwt
header = {"alg": "HS256"}
payload = {"sub": "user1", "aud": ["audience"]}
secret = "my-secret-token"
result = jwt.encode(header, payload, secret)
print(result.decode("ascii"))
</code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>Query for the login types and ensure <code>org.matrix.login.jwt</code> is there:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">curl http://localhost:8080/_matrix/client/r0/login
</code></pre>
</li>
<li>
<p>Login used the generated JSON web token from above:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">$ curl http://localhost:8082/_matrix/client/r0/login -X POST \
--data '{"type":"org.matrix.login.jwt","token":"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ0ZXN0LXVzZXIifQ.Ag71GT8v01UO3w80aqRPTeuVPBIBZkYhNTJJ-_-zQIc"}'
{
"access_token": "<access token>",
"device_id": "ACBDEFGHI",
"home_server": "localhost:8080",
"user_id": "@test-user:localhost:8480"
}
</code></pre>
</li>
</ol>
<p>You should now be able to use the returned access token to query the client API.</p>
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