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<h1 id="using-the-synapse-manhole"><a class="header" href="#using-the-synapse-manhole">Using the synapse manhole</a></h1>
<p>The "manhole" allows server administrators to access a Python shell on a running
Synapse installation. This is a very powerful mechanism for administration and
debugging.</p>
<p><strong><em>Security Warning</em></strong></p>
<p>Note that this will give administrative access to synapse to <strong>all users</strong> with
shell access to the server. It should therefore <strong>not</strong> be enabled in
environments where untrusted users have shell access.</p>
<h2 id="configuring-the-manhole"><a class="header" href="#configuring-the-manhole">Configuring the manhole</a></h2>
<p>To enable it, first add the <code>manhole</code> listener configuration in your
<code>homeserver.yaml</code>. You can find information on how to do that
in the <a href="usage/configuration/config_documentation.html#manhole_settings">configuration manual</a>.
The configuration is slightly different if you're using docker.</p>
<h4 id="docker-config"><a class="header" href="#docker-config">Docker config</a></h4>
<p>If you are using Docker, set <code>bind_addresses</code> to <code>['0.0.0.0']</code> as shown:</p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">listeners:
- port: 9000
bind_addresses: ['0.0.0.0']
type: manhole
</code></pre>
<p>When using <code>docker run</code> to start the server, you will then need to change the command to the following to include the
<code>manhole</code> port forwarding. The <code>-p 127.0.0.1:9000:9000</code> below is important: it
ensures that access to the <code>manhole</code> is only possible for local users.</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">docker run -d --name synapse \
--mount type=volume,src=synapse-data,dst=/data \
-p 8008:8008 \
-p 127.0.0.1:9000:9000 \
matrixdotorg/synapse:latest
</code></pre>
<h4 id="native-config"><a class="header" href="#native-config">Native config</a></h4>
<p>If you are not using docker, set <code>bind_addresses</code> to <code>['::1', '127.0.0.1']</code> as shown.
The <code>bind_addresses</code> in the example below is important: it ensures that access to the
<code>manhole</code> is only possible for local users).</p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">listeners:
- port: 9000
bind_addresses: ['::1', '127.0.0.1']
type: manhole
</code></pre>
<h3 id="security-settings"><a class="header" href="#security-settings">Security settings</a></h3>
<p>The following config options are available:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>username</code> - The username for the manhole (defaults to <code>matrix</code>)</li>
<li><code>password</code> - The password for the manhole (defaults to <code>rabbithole</code>)</li>
<li><code>ssh_priv_key</code> - The path to a private SSH key (defaults to a hardcoded value)</li>
<li><code>ssh_pub_key</code> - The path to a public SSH key (defaults to a hardcoded value)</li>
</ul>
<p>For example:</p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">manhole_settings:
username: manhole
password: mypassword
ssh_priv_key: "/home/synapse/manhole_keys/id_rsa"
ssh_pub_key: "/home/synapse/manhole_keys/id_rsa.pub"
</code></pre>
<h2 id="accessing-synapse-manhole"><a class="header" href="#accessing-synapse-manhole">Accessing synapse manhole</a></h2>
<p>Then restart synapse, and point an ssh client at port 9000 on localhost, using
the username and password configured in <code>homeserver.yaml</code> - with the default
configuration, this would be:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">ssh -p9000 matrix@localhost
</code></pre>
<p>Then enter the password when prompted (the default is <code>rabbithole</code>).</p>
<p>This gives a Python REPL in which <code>hs</code> gives access to the
<code>synapse.server.HomeServer</code> object - which in turn gives access to many other
parts of the process.</p>
<p>Note that, prior to Synapse 1.41, any call which returns a coroutine will need to be wrapped in <code>ensureDeferred</code>.</p>
<p>As a simple example, retrieving an event from the database:</p>
<pre><code class="language-pycon">>>> from twisted.internet import defer
>>> defer.ensureDeferred(hs.get_datastores().main.get_event('$1416420717069yeQaw:matrix.org'))
<Deferred at 0x7ff253fc6998 current result: <FrozenEvent event_id='$1416420717069yeQaw:matrix.org', type='m.room.create', state_key=''>>
</code></pre>
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