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<h1 id="delegation"><a class="header" href="#delegation">Delegation</a></h1>
<p>By default, other homeservers will expect to be able to reach yours via
your <code>server_name</code>, on port 8448. For example, if you set your <code>server_name</code>
to <code>example.com</code> (so that your user names look like <code>@user:example.com</code>),
other servers will try to connect to yours at <code>https://example.com:8448/</code>.</p>
<p>Delegation is a Matrix feature allowing a homeserver admin to retain a
<code>server_name</code> of <code>example.com</code> so that user IDs, room aliases, etc continue
to look like <code>*:example.com</code>, whilst having federation traffic routed
to a different server and/or port (e.g. <code>synapse.example.com:443</code>).</p>
<h2 id="well-known-delegation"><a class="header" href="#well-known-delegation">.well-known delegation</a></h2>
<p>To use this method, you need to be able to alter the
<code>server_name</code> 's https server to serve the <code>/.well-known/matrix/server</code>
URL. Having an active server (with a valid TLS certificate) serving your
<code>server_name</code> domain is out of the scope of this documentation.</p>
<p>The URL <code>https://<server_name>/.well-known/matrix/server</code> should
return a JSON structure containing the key <code>m.server</code> like so:</p>
<pre><code class="language-json">{
"m.server": "<synapse.server.name>[:<yourport>]"
}
</code></pre>
<p>In our example, this would mean that URL <code>https://example.com/.well-known/matrix/server</code>
should return:</p>
<pre><code class="language-json">{
"m.server": "synapse.example.com:443"
}
</code></pre>
<p>Note, specifying a port is optional. If no port is specified, then it defaults
to 8448.</p>
<p>With .well-known delegation, federating servers will check for a valid TLS
certificate for the delegated hostname (in our example: <code>synapse.example.com</code>).</p>
<h2 id="srv-dns-record-delegation"><a class="header" href="#srv-dns-record-delegation">SRV DNS record delegation</a></h2>
<p>It is also possible to do delegation using a SRV DNS record. However, that is
considered an advanced topic since it's a bit complex to set up, and <code>.well-known</code>
delegation is already enough in most cases.</p>
<p>However, if you really need it, you can find some documentation on how such a
record should look like and how Synapse will use it in <a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#resolving-server-names">the Matrix
specification</a>.</p>
<h2 id="delegation-faq"><a class="header" href="#delegation-faq">Delegation FAQ</a></h2>
<h3 id="when-do-i-need-delegation"><a class="header" href="#when-do-i-need-delegation">When do I need delegation?</a></h3>
<p>If your homeserver's APIs are accessible on the default federation port (8448)
and the domain your <code>server_name</code> points to, you do not need any delegation.</p>
<p>For instance, if you registered <code>example.com</code> and pointed its DNS A record at a
fresh server, you could install Synapse on that host, giving it a <code>server_name</code>
of <code>example.com</code>, and once a reverse proxy has been set up to proxy all requests
sent to the port <code>8448</code> and serve TLS certificates for <code>example.com</code>, you
wouldn't need any delegation set up.</p>
<p><strong>However</strong>, if your homeserver's APIs aren't accessible on port 8448 and on the
domain <code>server_name</code> points to, you will need to let other servers know how to
find it using delegation.</p>
<h3 id="do-you-still-recommend-against-using-a-reverse-proxy-on-the-federation-port"><a class="header" href="#do-you-still-recommend-against-using-a-reverse-proxy-on-the-federation-port">Do you still recommend against using a reverse proxy on the federation port?</a></h3>
<p>We no longer actively recommend against using a reverse proxy. Many admins will
find it easier to direct federation traffic to a reverse proxy and manage their
own TLS certificates, and this is a supported configuration.</p>
<p>See <a href="reverse_proxy.html">the reverse proxy documentation</a> for information on setting up a
reverse proxy.</p>
<h3 id="do-i-still-need-to-give-my-tls-certificates-to-synapse-if-i-am-using-a-reverse-proxy"><a class="header" href="#do-i-still-need-to-give-my-tls-certificates-to-synapse-if-i-am-using-a-reverse-proxy">Do I still need to give my TLS certificates to Synapse if I am using a reverse proxy?</a></h3>
<p>This is no longer necessary. If you are using a reverse proxy for all of your
TLS traffic, then you can set <code>no_tls: True</code> in the Synapse config.</p>
<p>In that case, the only reason Synapse needs the certificate is to populate a legacy
<code>tls_fingerprints</code> field in the federation API. This is ignored by Synapse 0.99.0
and later, and the only time pre-0.99 Synapses will check it is when attempting to
fetch the server keys - and generally this is delegated via <code>matrix.org</code>, which
is running a modern version of Synapse.</p>
<h3 id="do-i-need-the-same-certificate-for-the-client-and-federation-port"><a class="header" href="#do-i-need-the-same-certificate-for-the-client-and-federation-port">Do I need the same certificate for the client and federation port?</a></h3>
<p>No. There is nothing stopping you from using different certificates,
particularly if you are using a reverse proxy.</p>
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