summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/synapse/http/server.py
blob: f067c163c13194ded8f0a35ae3afe21ad24563f0 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import cgi
import collections
import http.client
import logging
import types
import urllib
from io import BytesIO

from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json, encode_pretty_printed_json, json

from twisted.internet import defer
from twisted.python import failure
from twisted.web import resource
from twisted.web.server import NOT_DONE_YET
from twisted.web.static import NoRangeStaticProducer
from twisted.web.util import redirectTo

import synapse.events
import synapse.metrics
from synapse.api.errors import (
    CodeMessageException,
    Codes,
    SynapseError,
    UnrecognizedRequestError,
)
from synapse.util.caches import intern_dict
from synapse.util.logcontext import preserve_fn

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

HTML_ERROR_TEMPLATE = """<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=en>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Error {code}</title>
  </head>
  <body>
     <p>{msg}</p>
  </body>
</html>
"""


def wrap_json_request_handler(h):
    """Wraps a request handler method with exception handling.

    Also does the wrapping with request.processing as per wrap_async_request_handler.

    The handler method must have a signature of "handle_foo(self, request)",
    where "request" must be a SynapseRequest.

    The handler must return a deferred. If the deferred succeeds we assume that
    a response has been sent. If the deferred fails with a SynapseError we use
    it to send a JSON response with the appropriate HTTP reponse code. If the
    deferred fails with any other type of error we send a 500 reponse.
    """

    async def wrapped_request_handler(self, request):
        try:
            await h(self, request)
        except SynapseError as e:
            code = e.code
            logger.info("%s SynapseError: %s - %s", request, code, e.msg)

            # Only respond with an error response if we haven't already started
            # writing, otherwise lets just kill the connection
            if request.startedWriting:
                if request.transport:
                    try:
                        request.transport.abortConnection()
                    except Exception:
                        # abortConnection throws if the connection is already closed
                        pass
            else:
                respond_with_json(
                    request,
                    code,
                    e.error_dict(),
                    send_cors=True,
                    pretty_print=_request_user_agent_is_curl(request),
                )

        except Exception:
            # failure.Failure() fishes the original Failure out
            # of our stack, and thus gives us a sensible stack
            # trace.
            f = failure.Failure()
            logger.error(
                "Failed handle request via %r: %r",
                request.request_metrics.name,
                request,
                exc_info=(f.type, f.value, f.getTracebackObject()),
            )
            # Only respond with an error response if we haven't already started
            # writing, otherwise lets just kill the connection
            if request.startedWriting:
                if request.transport:
                    try:
                        request.transport.abortConnection()
                    except Exception:
                        # abortConnection throws if the connection is already closed
                        pass
            else:
                respond_with_json(
                    request,
                    500,
                    {"error": "Internal server error", "errcode": Codes.UNKNOWN},
                    send_cors=True,
                    pretty_print=_request_user_agent_is_curl(request),
                )

    return wrap_async_request_handler(wrapped_request_handler)


def wrap_html_request_handler(h):
    """Wraps a request handler method with exception handling.

    Also does the wrapping with request.processing as per wrap_async_request_handler.

    The handler method must have a signature of "handle_foo(self, request)",
    where "request" must be a SynapseRequest.
    """

    async def wrapped_request_handler(self, request):
        try:
            return await h(self, request)
        except Exception:
            f = failure.Failure()
            return _return_html_error(f, request)

    return wrap_async_request_handler(wrapped_request_handler)


def _return_html_error(f, request):
    """Sends an HTML error page corresponding to the given failure

    Args:
        f (twisted.python.failure.Failure):
        request (twisted.web.iweb.IRequest):
    """
    if f.check(CodeMessageException):
        cme = f.value
        code = cme.code
        msg = cme.msg

        if isinstance(cme, SynapseError):
            logger.info("%s SynapseError: %s - %s", request, code, msg)
        else:
            logger.error(
                "Failed handle request %r",
                request,
                exc_info=(f.type, f.value, f.getTracebackObject()),
            )
    else:
        code = http.client.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
        msg = "Internal server error"

        logger.error(
            "Failed handle request %r",
            request,
            exc_info=(f.type, f.value, f.getTracebackObject()),
        )

    body = HTML_ERROR_TEMPLATE.format(code=code, msg=cgi.escape(msg)).encode("utf-8")
    request.setResponseCode(code)
    request.setHeader(b"Content-Type", b"text/html; charset=utf-8")
    request.setHeader(b"Content-Length", b"%i" % (len(body),))
    request.write(body)
    finish_request(request)


def wrap_async_request_handler(h):
    """Wraps an async request handler so that it calls request.processing.

    This helps ensure that work done by the request handler after the request is completed
    is correctly recorded against the request metrics/logs.

    The handler method must have a signature of "handle_foo(self, request)",
    where "request" must be a SynapseRequest.

    The handler may return a deferred, in which case the completion of the request isn't
    logged until the deferred completes.
    """

    async def wrapped_async_request_handler(self, request):
        with request.processing():
            await h(self, request)

    # we need to preserve_fn here, because the synchronous render method won't yield for
    # us (obviously)
    return preserve_fn(wrapped_async_request_handler)


class HttpServer(object):
    """ Interface for registering callbacks on a HTTP server
    """

    def register_paths(self, method, path_patterns, callback):
        """ Register a callback that gets fired if we receive a http request
        with the given method for a path that matches the given regex.

        If the regex contains groups these gets passed to the calback via
        an unpacked tuple.

        Args:
            method (str): The method to listen to.
            path_patterns (list<SRE_Pattern>): The regex used to match requests.
            callback (function): The function to fire if we receive a matched
                request. The first argument will be the request object and
                subsequent arguments will be any matched groups from the regex.
                This should return a tuple of (code, response).
        """
        pass


class JsonResource(HttpServer, resource.Resource):
    """ This implements the HttpServer interface and provides JSON support for
    Resources.

    Register callbacks via register_paths()

    Callbacks can return a tuple of status code and a dict in which case the
    the dict will automatically be sent to the client as a JSON object.

    The JsonResource is primarily intended for returning JSON, but callbacks
    may send something other than JSON, they may do so by using the methods
    on the request object and instead returning None.
    """

    isLeaf = True

    _PathEntry = collections.namedtuple("_PathEntry", ["pattern", "callback"])

    def __init__(self, hs, canonical_json=True):
        resource.Resource.__init__(self)

        self.canonical_json = canonical_json
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        self.path_regexs = {}
        self.hs = hs

    def register_paths(self, method, path_patterns, callback):
        method = method.encode("utf-8")  # method is bytes on py3
        for path_pattern in path_patterns:
            logger.debug("Registering for %s %s", method, path_pattern.pattern)
            self.path_regexs.setdefault(method, []).append(
                self._PathEntry(path_pattern, callback)
            )

    def render(self, request):
        """ This gets called by twisted every time someone sends us a request.
        """
        defer.ensureDeferred(self._async_render(request))
        return NOT_DONE_YET

    @wrap_json_request_handler
    async def _async_render(self, request):
        """ This gets called from render() every time someone sends us a request.
            This checks if anyone has registered a callback for that method and
            path.
        """
        callback, group_dict = self._get_handler_for_request(request)

        servlet_instance = getattr(callback, "__self__", None)
        if servlet_instance is not None:
            servlet_classname = servlet_instance.__class__.__name__
        else:
            servlet_classname = "%r" % callback
        request.request_metrics.name = servlet_classname

        # Now trigger the callback. If it returns a response, we send it
        # here. If it throws an exception, that is handled by the wrapper
        # installed by @request_handler.
        kwargs = intern_dict(
            {
                name: urllib.parse.unquote(value) if value else value
                for name, value in group_dict.items()
            }
        )

        callback_return = callback(request, **kwargs)

        # Is it synchronous? We'll allow this for now.
        if isinstance(callback_return, (defer.Deferred, types.CoroutineType)):
            callback_return = await callback_return

        if callback_return is not None:
            code, response = callback_return
            self._send_response(request, code, response)

    def _get_handler_for_request(self, request):
        """Finds a callback method to handle the given request

        Args:
            request (twisted.web.http.Request):

        Returns:
            Tuple[Callable, dict[unicode, unicode]]: callback method, and the
                dict mapping keys to path components as specified in the
                handler's path match regexp.

                The callback will normally be a method registered via
                register_paths, so will return (possibly via Deferred) either
                None, or a tuple of (http code, response body).
        """
        if request.method == b"OPTIONS":
            return _options_handler, {}

        # Loop through all the registered callbacks to check if the method
        # and path regex match
        for path_entry in self.path_regexs.get(request.method, []):
            m = path_entry.pattern.match(request.path.decode("ascii"))
            if m:
                # We found a match!
                return path_entry.callback, m.groupdict()

        # Huh. No one wanted to handle that? Fiiiiiine. Send 400.
        return _unrecognised_request_handler, {}

    def _send_response(
        self, request, code, response_json_object, response_code_message=None
    ):
        # TODO: Only enable CORS for the requests that need it.
        respond_with_json(
            request,
            code,
            response_json_object,
            send_cors=True,
            response_code_message=response_code_message,
            pretty_print=_request_user_agent_is_curl(request),
            canonical_json=self.canonical_json,
        )


class DirectServeResource(resource.Resource):
    def render(self, request):
        """
        Render the request, using an asynchronous render handler if it exists.
        """
        render_callback_name = "_async_render_" + request.method.decode("ascii")

        if hasattr(self, render_callback_name):
            # Call the handler
            callback = getattr(self, render_callback_name)
            defer.ensureDeferred(callback(request))

            return NOT_DONE_YET
        else:
            super().render(request)


def _options_handler(request):
    """Request handler for OPTIONS requests

    This is a request handler suitable for return from
    _get_handler_for_request. It returns a 200 and an empty body.

    Args:
        request (twisted.web.http.Request):

    Returns:
        Tuple[int, dict]: http code, response body.
    """
    return 200, {}


def _unrecognised_request_handler(request):
    """Request handler for unrecognised requests

    This is a request handler suitable for return from
    _get_handler_for_request. It actually just raises an
    UnrecognizedRequestError.

    Args:
        request (twisted.web.http.Request):
    """
    raise UnrecognizedRequestError()


class RootRedirect(resource.Resource):
    """Redirects the root '/' path to another path."""

    def __init__(self, path):
        resource.Resource.__init__(self)
        self.url = path

    def render_GET(self, request):
        return redirectTo(self.url.encode("ascii"), request)

    def getChild(self, name, request):
        if len(name) == 0:
            return self  # select ourselves as the child to render
        return resource.Resource.getChild(self, name, request)


def respond_with_json(
    request,
    code,
    json_object,
    send_cors=False,
    response_code_message=None,
    pretty_print=False,
    canonical_json=True,
):
    # could alternatively use request.notifyFinish() and flip a flag when
    # the Deferred fires, but since the flag is RIGHT THERE it seems like
    # a waste.
    if request._disconnected:
        logger.warn(
            "Not sending response to request %s, already disconnected.", request
        )
        return

    if pretty_print:
        json_bytes = encode_pretty_printed_json(json_object) + b"\n"
    else:
        if canonical_json or synapse.events.USE_FROZEN_DICTS:
            # canonicaljson already encodes to bytes
            json_bytes = encode_canonical_json(json_object)
        else:
            json_bytes = json.dumps(json_object).encode("utf-8")

    return respond_with_json_bytes(
        request,
        code,
        json_bytes,
        send_cors=send_cors,
        response_code_message=response_code_message,
    )


def respond_with_json_bytes(
    request, code, json_bytes, send_cors=False, response_code_message=None
):
    """Sends encoded JSON in response to the given request.

    Args:
        request (twisted.web.http.Request): The http request to respond to.
        code (int): The HTTP response code.
        json_bytes (bytes): The json bytes to use as the response body.
        send_cors (bool): Whether to send Cross-Origin Resource Sharing headers
            http://www.w3.org/TR/cors/
    Returns:
        twisted.web.server.NOT_DONE_YET"""

    request.setResponseCode(code, message=response_code_message)
    request.setHeader(b"Content-Type", b"application/json")
    request.setHeader(b"Content-Length", b"%d" % (len(json_bytes),))
    request.setHeader(b"Cache-Control", b"no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate")

    if send_cors:
        set_cors_headers(request)

    # todo: we can almost certainly avoid this copy and encode the json straight into
    # the bytesIO, but it would involve faffing around with string->bytes wrappers.
    bytes_io = BytesIO(json_bytes)

    producer = NoRangeStaticProducer(request, bytes_io)
    producer.start()
    return NOT_DONE_YET


def set_cors_headers(request):
    """Set the CORs headers so that javascript running in a web browsers can
    use this API

    Args:
        request (twisted.web.http.Request): The http request to add CORs to.
    """
    request.setHeader(b"Access-Control-Allow-Origin", b"*")
    request.setHeader(
        b"Access-Control-Allow-Methods", b"GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS"
    )
    request.setHeader(
        b"Access-Control-Allow-Headers",
        b"Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Authorization",
    )


def finish_request(request):
    """ Finish writing the response to the request.

    Twisted throws a RuntimeException if the connection closed before the
    response was written but doesn't provide a convenient or reliable way to
    determine if the connection was closed. So we catch and log the RuntimeException

    You might think that ``request.notifyFinish`` could be used to tell if the
    request was finished. However the deferred it returns won't fire if the
    connection was already closed, meaning we'd have to have called the method
    right at the start of the request. By the time we want to write the response
    it will already be too late.
    """
    try:
        request.finish()
    except RuntimeError as e:
        logger.info("Connection disconnected before response was written: %r", e)


def _request_user_agent_is_curl(request):
    user_agents = request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b"User-Agent", default=[])
    for user_agent in user_agents:
        if b"curl" in user_agent:
            return True
    return False