summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/tests
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'tests')
-rw-r--r--tests/config/test_generate.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/config/test_tls.py75
-rw-r--r--tests/crypto/test_event_signing.py56
-rw-r--r--tests/http/__init__.py42
-rw-r--r--tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py991
-rw-r--r--tests/http/federation/test_srv_resolver.py46
-rw-r--r--tests/http/server.pem81
-rw-r--r--tests/http/test_fedclient.py98
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_capabilities.py78
-rw-r--r--tests/server.py85
-rw-r--r--tests/state/test_v2.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_background_update.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_base.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_end_to_end_keys.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_keys.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_redaction.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_roommember.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_state.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/test_event_auth.py13
-rw-r--r--tests/test_server.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/test_utils/__init__.py18
-rw-r--r--tests/test_utils/logging_setup.py54
-rw-r--r--tests/test_visibility.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/unittest.py47
-rw-r--r--tests/util/caches/test_ttlcache.py83
-rw-r--r--tests/utils.py7
27 files changed, 1682 insertions, 148 deletions
diff --git a/tests/config/test_generate.py b/tests/config/test_generate.py
index b5ad99348d..795b4c298d 100644
--- a/tests/config/test_generate.py
+++ b/tests/config/test_generate.py
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ class ConfigGenerationTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                     "homeserver.yaml",
                     "lemurs.win.log.config",
                     "lemurs.win.signing.key",
-                    "lemurs.win.tls.crt",
-                    "lemurs.win.tls.key",
                 ]
             ),
             set(os.listdir(self.dir)),
diff --git a/tests/config/test_tls.py b/tests/config/test_tls.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ccaf35603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/config/test_tls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import os
+
+from synapse.config.tls import TlsConfig
+
+from tests.unittest import TestCase
+
+
+class TLSConfigTests(TestCase):
+
+    def test_warn_self_signed(self):
+        """
+        Synapse will give a warning when it loads a self-signed certificate.
+        """
+        config_dir = self.mktemp()
+        os.mkdir(config_dir)
+        with open(os.path.join(config_dir, "cert.pem"), 'w') as f:
+            f.write("""-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----""")
+
+        config = {
+            "tls_certificate_path": os.path.join(config_dir, "cert.pem"),
+            "no_tls": True,
+            "tls_fingerprints": []
+        }
+
+        t = TlsConfig()
+        t.read_config(config)
+        t.read_certificate_from_disk()
+
+        warnings = self.flushWarnings()
+        self.assertEqual(len(warnings), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            warnings[0]["message"],
+            (
+                "Self-signed TLS certificates will not be accepted by "
+                "Synapse 1.0. Please either provide a valid certificate, "
+                "or use Synapse's ACME support to provision one."
+            )
+        )
diff --git a/tests/crypto/test_event_signing.py b/tests/crypto/test_event_signing.py
index b2536c1e69..71aa731439 100644
--- a/tests/crypto/test_event_signing.py
+++ b/tests/crypto/test_event_signing.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import nacl.signing
 from unpaddedbase64 import decode_base64
 
 from synapse.crypto.event_signing import add_hashes_and_signatures
-from synapse.events.builder import EventBuilder
+from synapse.events import FrozenEvent
 
 from tests import unittest
 
@@ -40,20 +40,18 @@ class EventSigningTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.signing_key.version = KEY_VER
 
     def test_sign_minimal(self):
-        builder = EventBuilder(
-            {
-                'event_id': "$0:domain",
-                'origin': "domain",
-                'origin_server_ts': 1000000,
-                'signatures': {},
-                'type': "X",
-                'unsigned': {'age_ts': 1000000},
-            }
-        )
+        event_dict = {
+            'event_id': "$0:domain",
+            'origin': "domain",
+            'origin_server_ts': 1000000,
+            'signatures': {},
+            'type': "X",
+            'unsigned': {'age_ts': 1000000},
+        }
 
-        add_hashes_and_signatures(builder, HOSTNAME, self.signing_key)
+        add_hashes_and_signatures(event_dict, HOSTNAME, self.signing_key)
 
-        event = builder.build()
+        event = FrozenEvent(event_dict)
 
         self.assertTrue(hasattr(event, 'hashes'))
         self.assertIn('sha256', event.hashes)
@@ -71,23 +69,21 @@ class EventSigningTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
     def test_sign_message(self):
-        builder = EventBuilder(
-            {
-                'content': {'body': "Here is the message content"},
-                'event_id': "$0:domain",
-                'origin': "domain",
-                'origin_server_ts': 1000000,
-                'type': "m.room.message",
-                'room_id': "!r:domain",
-                'sender': "@u:domain",
-                'signatures': {},
-                'unsigned': {'age_ts': 1000000},
-            }
-        )
-
-        add_hashes_and_signatures(builder, HOSTNAME, self.signing_key)
-
-        event = builder.build()
+        event_dict = {
+            'content': {'body': "Here is the message content"},
+            'event_id': "$0:domain",
+            'origin': "domain",
+            'origin_server_ts': 1000000,
+            'type': "m.room.message",
+            'room_id': "!r:domain",
+            'sender': "@u:domain",
+            'signatures': {},
+            'unsigned': {'age_ts': 1000000},
+        }
+
+        add_hashes_and_signatures(event_dict, HOSTNAME, self.signing_key)
+
+        event = FrozenEvent(event_dict)
 
         self.assertTrue(hasattr(event, 'hashes'))
         self.assertIn('sha256', event.hashes)
diff --git a/tests/http/__init__.py b/tests/http/__init__.py
index e69de29bb2..ee8010f598 100644
--- a/tests/http/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/http/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import os.path
+
+from OpenSSL import SSL
+
+
+def get_test_cert_file():
+    """get the path to the test cert"""
+
+    # the cert file itself is made with:
+    #
+    # openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout server.pem  -out server.pem -days 36500 \
+    #     -nodes -subj '/CN=testserv'
+    return os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(__file__),
+        'server.pem',
+    )
+
+
+class ServerTLSContext(object):
+    """A TLS Context which presents our test cert."""
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.filename = get_test_cert_file()
+
+    def getContext(self):
+        ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.TLSv1_METHOD)
+        ctx.use_certificate_file(self.filename)
+        ctx.use_privatekey_file(self.filename)
+        return ctx
diff --git a/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py b/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dcf184d3cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py
@@ -0,0 +1,991 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import logging
+
+from mock import Mock
+
+import treq
+from zope.interface import implementer
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+from twisted.internet._sslverify import ClientTLSOptions, OpenSSLCertificateOptions
+from twisted.internet.protocol import Factory
+from twisted.protocols.tls import TLSMemoryBIOFactory
+from twisted.web.http import HTTPChannel
+from twisted.web.http_headers import Headers
+from twisted.web.iweb import IPolicyForHTTPS
+
+from synapse.crypto.context_factory import ClientTLSOptionsFactory
+from synapse.http.federation.matrix_federation_agent import (
+    MatrixFederationAgent,
+    _cache_period_from_headers,
+)
+from synapse.http.federation.srv_resolver import Server
+from synapse.util.caches.ttlcache import TTLCache
+from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContext
+
+from tests.http import ServerTLSContext
+from tests.server import FakeTransport, ThreadedMemoryReactorClock
+from tests.unittest import TestCase
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class MatrixFederationAgentTests(TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.reactor = ThreadedMemoryReactorClock()
+
+        self.mock_resolver = Mock()
+
+        self.well_known_cache = TTLCache("test_cache", timer=self.reactor.seconds)
+
+        self.agent = MatrixFederationAgent(
+            reactor=self.reactor,
+            tls_client_options_factory=ClientTLSOptionsFactory(None),
+            _well_known_tls_policy=TrustingTLSPolicyForHTTPS(),
+            _srv_resolver=self.mock_resolver,
+            _well_known_cache=self.well_known_cache,
+        )
+
+    def _make_connection(self, client_factory, expected_sni):
+        """Builds a test server, and completes the outgoing client connection
+
+        Returns:
+            HTTPChannel: the test server
+        """
+
+        # build the test server
+        server_tls_protocol = _build_test_server()
+
+        # now, tell the client protocol factory to build the client protocol (it will be a
+        # _WrappingProtocol, around a TLSMemoryBIOProtocol, around an
+        # HTTP11ClientProtocol) and wire the output of said protocol up to the server via
+        # a FakeTransport.
+        #
+        # Normally this would be done by the TCP socket code in Twisted, but we are
+        # stubbing that out here.
+        client_protocol = client_factory.buildProtocol(None)
+        client_protocol.makeConnection(
+            FakeTransport(server_tls_protocol, self.reactor, client_protocol),
+        )
+
+        # tell the server tls protocol to send its stuff back to the client, too
+        server_tls_protocol.makeConnection(
+            FakeTransport(client_protocol, self.reactor, server_tls_protocol),
+        )
+
+        # give the reactor a pump to get the TLS juices flowing.
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+
+        # check the SNI
+        server_name = server_tls_protocol._tlsConnection.get_servername()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            server_name,
+            expected_sni,
+            "Expected SNI %s but got %s" % (expected_sni, server_name),
+        )
+
+        # fish the test server back out of the server-side TLS protocol.
+        return server_tls_protocol.wrappedProtocol
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _make_get_request(self, uri):
+        """
+        Sends a simple GET request via the agent, and checks its logcontext management
+        """
+        with LoggingContext("one") as context:
+            fetch_d = self.agent.request(b'GET', uri)
+
+            # Nothing happened yet
+            self.assertNoResult(fetch_d)
+
+            # should have reset logcontext to the sentinel
+            _check_logcontext(LoggingContext.sentinel)
+
+            try:
+                fetch_res = yield fetch_d
+                defer.returnValue(fetch_res)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.info("Fetch of %s failed: %s", uri.decode("ascii"), e)
+                raise
+            finally:
+                _check_logcontext(context)
+
+    def _handle_well_known_connection(
+        self, client_factory, expected_sni, content, response_headers={},
+    ):
+        """Handle an outgoing HTTPs connection: wire it up to a server, check that the
+        request is for a .well-known, and send the response.
+
+        Args:
+            client_factory (IProtocolFactory): outgoing connection
+            expected_sni (bytes): SNI that we expect the outgoing connection to send
+            content (bytes): content to send back as the .well-known
+        Returns:
+            HTTPChannel: server impl
+        """
+        # make the connection for .well-known
+        well_known_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=expected_sni,
+        )
+        # check the .well-known request and send a response
+        self.assertEqual(len(well_known_server.requests), 1)
+        request = well_known_server.requests[0]
+        self._send_well_known_response(request, content, headers=response_headers)
+        return well_known_server
+
+    def _send_well_known_response(self, request, content, headers={}):
+        """Check that an incoming request looks like a valid .well-known request, and
+        send back the response.
+        """
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/.well-known/matrix/server')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'testserv'],
+        )
+        # send back a response
+        for k, v in headers.items():
+            request.setHeader(k, v)
+        request.write(content)
+        request.finish()
+
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1, ))
+
+    def test_get(self):
+        """
+        happy-path test of a GET request with an explicit port
+        """
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv:8448/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b"testserv",
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'testserv:8448']
+        )
+        content = request.content.read()
+        self.assertEqual(content, b'')
+
+        # Deferred is still without a result
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # send the headers
+        request.responseHeaders.setRawHeaders(b'Content-Type', [b'application/json'])
+        request.write('')
+
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+
+        response = self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+        # that should give us a Response object
+        self.assertEqual(response.code, 200)
+
+        # Send the body
+        request.write('{ "a": 1 }'.encode('ascii'))
+        request.finish()
+
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+
+        # check it can be read
+        json = self.successResultOf(treq.json_content(response))
+        self.assertEqual(json, {"a": 1})
+
+    def test_get_ip_address(self):
+        """
+        Test the behaviour when the server name contains an explicit IP (with no port)
+        """
+        # there will be a getaddrinfo on the IP
+        self.reactor.lookups["1.2.3.4"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://1.2.3.4/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=None,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'1.2.3.4'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_get_ipv6_address(self):
+        """
+        Test the behaviour when the server name contains an explicit IPv6 address
+        (with no port)
+        """
+
+        # there will be a getaddrinfo on the IP
+        self.reactor.lookups["::1"] = "::1"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://[::1]/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '::1')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=None,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'[::1]'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_get_ipv6_address_with_port(self):
+        """
+        Test the behaviour when the server name contains an explicit IPv6 address
+        (with explicit port)
+        """
+
+        # there will be a getaddrinfo on the IP
+        self.reactor.lookups["::1"] = "::1"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://[::1]:80/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '::1')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 80)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=None,
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'[::1]:80'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_get_no_srv_no_well_known(self):
+        """
+        Test the behaviour when the server name has no port, no SRV, and no well-known
+        """
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: []
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # No SRV record lookup yet
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_not_called()
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        # fonx the connection
+        client_factory.clientConnectionFailed(None, Exception("nope"))
+
+        # attemptdelay on the hostnameendpoint is 0.3, so  takes that long before the
+        # .well-known request fails.
+        self.reactor.pump((0.4,))
+
+        # now there should be a SRV lookup
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.testserv",
+        )
+
+        # we should fall back to a direct connection
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 2)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[1]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'testserv',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'testserv'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_get_well_known(self):
+        """Test the behaviour when the .well-known delegates elsewhere
+        """
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: []
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+        self.reactor.lookups["target-server"] = "1::f"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        self._handle_well_known_connection(
+            client_factory, expected_sni=b"testserv",
+            content=b'{ "m.server": "target-server" }',
+        )
+
+        # there should be a SRV lookup
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.target-server",
+        )
+
+        # now we should get a connection to the target server
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 2)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[1]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1::f')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'target-server',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'target-server'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.well_known_cache[b"testserv"], b"target-server")
+
+        # check the cache expires
+        self.reactor.pump((25 * 3600,))
+        self.well_known_cache.expire()
+        self.assertNotIn(b"testserv", self.well_known_cache)
+
+    def test_get_well_known_redirect(self):
+        """Test the behaviour when the server name has no port and no SRV record, but
+        the .well-known has a 300 redirect
+        """
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: []
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+        self.reactor.lookups["target-server"] = "1::f"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients.pop()
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        redirect_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b"testserv",
+        )
+
+        # send a 302 redirect
+        self.assertEqual(len(redirect_server.requests), 1)
+        request = redirect_server.requests[0]
+        request.redirect(b'https://testserv/even_better_known')
+        request.finish()
+
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1, ))
+
+        # now there should be another connection
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients.pop()
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        well_known_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b"testserv",
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(well_known_server.requests), 1, "No request after 302")
+        request = well_known_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/even_better_known')
+        request.write(b'{ "m.server": "target-server" }')
+        request.finish()
+
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1, ))
+
+        # there should be a SRV lookup
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.target-server",
+        )
+
+        # now we should get a connection to the target server
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1::f')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'target-server',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'target-server'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.well_known_cache[b"testserv"], b"target-server")
+
+        # check the cache expires
+        self.reactor.pump((25 * 3600,))
+        self.well_known_cache.expire()
+        self.assertNotIn(b"testserv", self.well_known_cache)
+
+    def test_get_invalid_well_known(self):
+        """
+        Test the behaviour when the server name has an *invalid* well-known (and no SRV)
+        """
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: []
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # No SRV record lookup yet
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_not_called()
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients.pop()
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        self._handle_well_known_connection(
+            client_factory, expected_sni=b"testserv", content=b'NOT JSON',
+        )
+
+        # now there should be a SRV lookup
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.testserv",
+        )
+
+        # we should fall back to a direct connection
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients.pop()
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'testserv',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'testserv'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_get_hostname_srv(self):
+        """
+        Test the behaviour when there is a single SRV record
+        """
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: [
+            Server(host=b"srvtarget", port=8443)
+        ]
+        self.reactor.lookups["srvtarget"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # the request for a .well-known will have failed with a DNS lookup error.
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.testserv",
+        )
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8443)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'testserv',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'testserv'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_get_well_known_srv(self):
+        """Test the behaviour when the .well-known redirects to a place where there
+        is a SRV.
+        """
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+        self.reactor.lookups["srvtarget"] = "5.6.7.8"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://testserv/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: [
+            Server(host=b"srvtarget", port=8443),
+        ]
+
+        self._handle_well_known_connection(
+            client_factory, expected_sni=b"testserv",
+            content=b'{ "m.server": "target-server" }',
+        )
+
+        # there should be a SRV lookup
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.target-server",
+        )
+
+        # now we should get a connection to the target of the SRV record
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 2)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[1]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '5.6.7.8')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8443)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'target-server',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'target-server'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_idna_servername(self):
+        """test the behaviour when the server name has idna chars in"""
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: []
+
+        # the resolver is always called with the IDNA hostname as a native string.
+        self.reactor.lookups["xn--bcher-kva.com"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        # this is idna for bücher.com
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://xn--bcher-kva.com/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # No SRV record lookup yet
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_not_called()
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        # fonx the connection
+        client_factory.clientConnectionFailed(None, Exception("nope"))
+
+        # attemptdelay on the hostnameendpoint is 0.3, so  takes that long before the
+        # .well-known request fails.
+        self.reactor.pump((0.4,))
+
+        # now there should have been a SRV lookup
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.xn--bcher-kva.com",
+        )
+
+        # We should fall back to port 8448
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 2)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[1]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8448)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'xn--bcher-kva.com',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'xn--bcher-kva.com'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    def test_idna_srv_target(self):
+        """test the behaviour when the target of a SRV record has idna chars"""
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = lambda _: [
+            Server(host=b"xn--trget-3qa.com", port=8443)  # târget.com
+        ]
+        self.reactor.lookups["xn--trget-3qa.com"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        test_d = self._make_get_request(b"matrix://xn--bcher-kva.com/foo/bar")
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.assert_called_once_with(
+            b"_matrix._tcp.xn--bcher-kva.com",
+        )
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8443)
+
+        # make a test server, and wire up the client
+        http_server = self._make_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b'xn--bcher-kva.com',
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(http_server.requests), 1)
+        request = http_server.requests[0]
+        self.assertEqual(request.method, b'GET')
+        self.assertEqual(request.path, b'/foo/bar')
+        self.assertEqual(
+            request.requestHeaders.getRawHeaders(b'host'),
+            [b'xn--bcher-kva.com'],
+        )
+
+        # finish the request
+        request.finish()
+        self.reactor.pump((0.1,))
+        self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def do_get_well_known(self, serv):
+        try:
+            result = yield self.agent._get_well_known(serv)
+            logger.info("Result from well-known fetch: %s", result)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.warning("Error fetching well-known: %s", e)
+            raise
+        defer.returnValue(result)
+
+    def test_well_known_cache(self):
+        self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
+
+        fetch_d = self.do_get_well_known(b'testserv')
+
+        # there should be an attempt to connect on port 443 for the .well-known
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients.pop(0)
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        well_known_server = self._handle_well_known_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b"testserv",
+            response_headers={b'Cache-Control': b'max-age=10'},
+            content=b'{ "m.server": "target-server" }',
+        )
+
+        r = self.successResultOf(fetch_d)
+        self.assertEqual(r, b'target-server')
+
+        # close the tcp connection
+        well_known_server.loseConnection()
+
+        # repeat the request: it should hit the cache
+        fetch_d = self.do_get_well_known(b'testserv')
+        r = self.successResultOf(fetch_d)
+        self.assertEqual(r, b'target-server')
+
+        # expire the cache
+        self.reactor.pump((10.0,))
+
+        # now it should connect again
+        fetch_d = self.do_get_well_known(b'testserv')
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, client_factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients.pop(0)
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 443)
+
+        self._handle_well_known_connection(
+            client_factory,
+            expected_sni=b"testserv",
+            content=b'{ "m.server": "other-server" }',
+        )
+
+        r = self.successResultOf(fetch_d)
+        self.assertEqual(r, b'other-server')
+
+
+class TestCachePeriodFromHeaders(TestCase):
+    def test_cache_control(self):
+        # uppercase
+        self.assertEqual(
+            _cache_period_from_headers(
+                Headers({b'Cache-Control': [b'foo, Max-Age = 100, bar']}),
+            ), 100,
+        )
+
+        # missing value
+        self.assertIsNone(_cache_period_from_headers(
+            Headers({b'Cache-Control': [b'max-age=, bar']}),
+        ))
+
+        # hackernews: bogus due to semicolon
+        self.assertIsNone(_cache_period_from_headers(
+            Headers({b'Cache-Control': [b'private; max-age=0']}),
+        ))
+
+        # github
+        self.assertEqual(
+            _cache_period_from_headers(
+                Headers({b'Cache-Control': [b'max-age=0, private, must-revalidate']}),
+            ), 0,
+        )
+
+        # google
+        self.assertEqual(
+            _cache_period_from_headers(
+                Headers({b'cache-control': [b'private, max-age=0']}),
+            ), 0,
+        )
+
+    def test_expires(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            _cache_period_from_headers(
+                Headers({b'Expires': [b'Wed, 30 Jan 2019 07:35:33 GMT']}),
+                time_now=lambda: 1548833700
+            ), 33,
+        )
+
+        # cache-control overrides expires
+        self.assertEqual(
+            _cache_period_from_headers(
+                Headers({
+                    b'cache-control': [b'max-age=10'],
+                    b'Expires': [b'Wed, 30 Jan 2019 07:35:33 GMT']
+                }),
+                time_now=lambda: 1548833700
+            ), 10,
+        )
+
+        # invalid expires means immediate expiry
+        self.assertEqual(
+            _cache_period_from_headers(
+                Headers({b'Expires': [b'0']}),
+            ), 0,
+        )
+
+
+def _check_logcontext(context):
+    current = LoggingContext.current_context()
+    if current is not context:
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "Expected logcontext %s but was %s" % (context, current),
+        )
+
+
+def _build_test_server():
+    """Construct a test server
+
+    This builds an HTTP channel, wrapped with a TLSMemoryBIOProtocol
+
+    Returns:
+        TLSMemoryBIOProtocol
+    """
+    server_factory = Factory.forProtocol(HTTPChannel)
+    # Request.finish expects the factory to have a 'log' method.
+    server_factory.log = _log_request
+
+    server_tls_factory = TLSMemoryBIOFactory(
+        ServerTLSContext(), isClient=False, wrappedFactory=server_factory,
+    )
+
+    return server_tls_factory.buildProtocol(None)
+
+
+def _log_request(request):
+    """Implements Factory.log, which is expected by Request.finish"""
+    logger.info("Completed request %s", request)
+
+
+@implementer(IPolicyForHTTPS)
+class TrustingTLSPolicyForHTTPS(object):
+    """An IPolicyForHTTPS which doesn't do any certificate verification"""
+    def creatorForNetloc(self, hostname, port):
+        certificateOptions = OpenSSLCertificateOptions()
+        return ClientTLSOptions(hostname, certificateOptions.getContext())
diff --git a/tests/http/federation/test_srv_resolver.py b/tests/http/federation/test_srv_resolver.py
index 1271a495e1..a872e2441e 100644
--- a/tests/http/federation/test_srv_resolver.py
+++ b/tests/http/federation/test_srv_resolver.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred
 from twisted.internet.error import ConnectError
 from twisted.names import dns, error
 
-from synapse.http.federation.srv_resolver import resolve_service
+from synapse.http.federation.srv_resolver import SrvResolver
 from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContext
 
 from tests import unittest
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.return_value = result_deferred
 
         cache = {}
+        resolver = SrvResolver(dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
 
         @defer.inlineCallbacks
         def do_lookup():
+
             with LoggingContext("one") as ctx:
-                resolve_d = resolve_service(
-                    service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache
-                )
+                resolve_d = resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
 
                 self.assertNoResult(resolve_d)
 
@@ -83,16 +83,15 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         dns_client_mock = Mock()
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.return_value = defer.fail(error.DNSServerError())
 
-        service_name = "test_service.example.com"
+        service_name = b"test_service.example.com"
 
         entry = Mock(spec_set=["expires"])
         entry.expires = 0
 
         cache = {service_name: [entry]}
+        resolver = SrvResolver(dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
 
-        servers = yield resolve_service(
-            service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache
-        )
+        servers = yield resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
 
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.assert_called_once_with(service_name)
 
@@ -106,17 +105,18 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         dns_client_mock = Mock(spec_set=['lookupService'])
         dns_client_mock.lookupService = Mock(spec_set=[])
 
-        service_name = "test_service.example.com"
+        service_name = b"test_service.example.com"
 
         entry = Mock(spec_set=["expires"])
         entry.expires = 999999999
 
         cache = {service_name: [entry]}
-
-        servers = yield resolve_service(
-            service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache, clock=clock
+        resolver = SrvResolver(
+            dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache, get_time=clock.time,
         )
 
+        servers = yield resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
+
         self.assertFalse(dns_client_mock.lookupService.called)
 
         self.assertEquals(len(servers), 1)
@@ -128,12 +128,13 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.return_value = defer.fail(error.DNSServerError())
 
-        service_name = "test_service.example.com"
+        service_name = b"test_service.example.com"
 
         cache = {}
+        resolver = SrvResolver(dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
 
         with self.assertRaises(error.DNSServerError):
-            yield resolve_service(service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
+            yield resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def test_name_error(self):
@@ -141,13 +142,12 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.return_value = defer.fail(error.DNSNameError())
 
-        service_name = "test_service.example.com"
+        service_name = b"test_service.example.com"
 
         cache = {}
+        resolver = SrvResolver(dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
 
-        servers = yield resolve_service(
-            service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache
-        )
+        servers = yield resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
 
         self.assertEquals(len(servers), 0)
         self.assertEquals(len(cache), 0)
@@ -162,10 +162,9 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         dns_client_mock = Mock()
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.return_value = lookup_deferred
         cache = {}
+        resolver = SrvResolver(dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
 
-        resolve_d = resolve_service(
-            service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache
-        )
+        resolve_d = resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
         self.assertNoResult(resolve_d)
 
         # returning a single "." should make the lookup fail with a ConenctError
@@ -187,10 +186,9 @@ class SrvResolverTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         dns_client_mock = Mock()
         dns_client_mock.lookupService.return_value = lookup_deferred
         cache = {}
+        resolver = SrvResolver(dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache)
 
-        resolve_d = resolve_service(
-            service_name, dns_client=dns_client_mock, cache=cache
-        )
+        resolve_d = resolver.resolve_service(service_name)
         self.assertNoResult(resolve_d)
 
         lookup_deferred.callback((
diff --git a/tests/http/server.pem b/tests/http/server.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0584cf1a80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/http/server.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/tests/http/test_fedclient.py b/tests/http/test_fedclient.py
index 8426eee400..018c77ebcd 100644
--- a/tests/http/test_fedclient.py
+++ b/tests/http/test_fedclient.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 from mock import Mock
 
+from twisted.internet import defer
 from twisted.internet.defer import TimeoutError
 from twisted.internet.error import ConnectingCancelledError, DNSLookupError
 from twisted.test.proto_helpers import StringTransport
@@ -26,11 +27,20 @@ from synapse.http.matrixfederationclient import (
     MatrixFederationHttpClient,
     MatrixFederationRequest,
 )
+from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContext
 
 from tests.server import FakeTransport
 from tests.unittest import HomeserverTestCase
 
 
+def check_logcontext(context):
+    current = LoggingContext.current_context()
+    if current is not context:
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "Expected logcontext %s but was %s" % (context, current),
+        )
+
+
 class FederationClientTests(HomeserverTestCase):
     def make_homeserver(self, reactor, clock):
 
@@ -39,10 +49,74 @@ class FederationClientTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         return hs
 
     def prepare(self, reactor, clock, homeserver):
-
         self.cl = MatrixFederationHttpClient(self.hs)
         self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
 
+    def test_client_get(self):
+        """
+        happy-path test of a GET request
+        """
+        @defer.inlineCallbacks
+        def do_request():
+            with LoggingContext("one") as context:
+                fetch_d = self.cl.get_json("testserv:8008", "foo/bar")
+
+                # Nothing happened yet
+                self.assertNoResult(fetch_d)
+
+                # should have reset logcontext to the sentinel
+                check_logcontext(LoggingContext.sentinel)
+
+                try:
+                    fetch_res = yield fetch_d
+                    defer.returnValue(fetch_res)
+                finally:
+                    check_logcontext(context)
+
+        test_d = do_request()
+
+        self.pump()
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # Make sure treq is trying to connect
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8008)
+
+        # complete the connection and wire it up to a fake transport
+        protocol = factory.buildProtocol(None)
+        transport = StringTransport()
+        protocol.makeConnection(transport)
+
+        # that should have made it send the request to the transport
+        self.assertRegex(transport.value(), b"^GET /foo/bar")
+        self.assertRegex(transport.value(), b"Host: testserv:8008")
+
+        # Deferred is still without a result
+        self.assertNoResult(test_d)
+
+        # Send it the HTTP response
+        res_json = '{ "a": 1 }'.encode('ascii')
+        protocol.dataReceived(
+            b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
+            b"Server: Fake\r\n"
+            b"Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
+            b"Content-Length: %i\r\n"
+            b"\r\n"
+            b"%s" % (len(res_json), res_json)
+        )
+
+        self.pump()
+
+        res = self.successResultOf(test_d)
+
+        # check the response is as expected
+        self.assertEqual(res, {"a": 1})
+
     def test_dns_error(self):
         """
         If the DNS lookup returns an error, it will bubble up.
@@ -54,6 +128,28 @@ class FederationClientTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertIsInstance(f.value, RequestSendFailed)
         self.assertIsInstance(f.value.inner_exception, DNSLookupError)
 
+    def test_client_connection_refused(self):
+        d = self.cl.get_json("testserv:8008", "foo/bar", timeout=10000)
+
+        self.pump()
+
+        # Nothing happened yet
+        self.assertNoResult(d)
+
+        clients = self.reactor.tcpClients
+        self.assertEqual(len(clients), 1)
+        (host, port, factory, _timeout, _bindAddress) = clients[0]
+        self.assertEqual(host, '1.2.3.4')
+        self.assertEqual(port, 8008)
+        e = Exception("go away")
+        factory.clientConnectionFailed(None, e)
+        self.pump(0.5)
+
+        f = self.failureResultOf(d)
+
+        self.assertIsInstance(f.value, RequestSendFailed)
+        self.assertIs(f.value.inner_exception, e)
+
     def test_client_never_connect(self):
         """
         If the HTTP request is not connected and is timed out, it'll give a
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_capabilities.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_capabilities.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3d43970fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_capabilities.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from synapse.api.constants import DEFAULT_ROOM_VERSION, KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS
+from synapse.rest.client.v1 import admin, login
+from synapse.rest.client.v2_alpha import capabilities
+
+from tests import unittest
+
+
+class CapabilitiesTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
+
+    servlets = [
+        admin.register_servlets,
+        capabilities.register_servlets,
+        login.register_servlets,
+    ]
+
+    def make_homeserver(self, reactor, clock):
+        self.url = b"/_matrix/client/r0/capabilities"
+        hs = self.setup_test_homeserver()
+        self.store = hs.get_datastore()
+        return hs
+
+    def test_check_auth_required(self):
+        request, channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url)
+        self.render(request)
+
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 401)
+
+    def test_get_room_version_capabilities(self):
+        self.register_user("user", "pass")
+        access_token = self.login("user", "pass")
+
+        request, channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=access_token)
+        self.render(request)
+        capabilities = channel.json_body['capabilities']
+
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        for room_version in capabilities['m.room_versions']['available'].keys():
+            self.assertTrue(room_version in KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS, "" + room_version)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            DEFAULT_ROOM_VERSION, capabilities['m.room_versions']['default']
+        )
+
+    def test_get_change_password_capabilities(self):
+        localpart = "user"
+        password = "pass"
+        user = self.register_user(localpart, password)
+        access_token = self.login(user, password)
+
+        request, channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=access_token)
+        self.render(request)
+        capabilities = channel.json_body['capabilities']
+
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+
+        # Test case where password is handled outside of Synapse
+        self.assertTrue(capabilities['m.change_password']['enabled'])
+        self.get_success(self.store.user_set_password_hash(user, None))
+        request, channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=access_token)
+        self.render(request)
+        capabilities = channel.json_body['capabilities']
+
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertFalse(capabilities['m.change_password']['enabled'])
diff --git a/tests/server.py b/tests/server.py
index db43fa0db8..fc1e76d146 100644
--- a/tests/server.py
+++ b/tests/server.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import json
+import logging
 from io import BytesIO
 
 from six import text_type
@@ -7,11 +8,10 @@ import attr
 from zope.interface import implementer
 
 from twisted.internet import address, threads, udp
-from twisted.internet._resolver import HostResolution
-from twisted.internet.address import IPv4Address
-from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred
+from twisted.internet._resolver import SimpleResolverComplexifier
+from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred, fail, succeed
 from twisted.internet.error import DNSLookupError
-from twisted.internet.interfaces import IReactorPluggableNameResolver
+from twisted.internet.interfaces import IReactorPluggableNameResolver, IResolverSimple
 from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactorClock
 from twisted.web.http import unquote
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ from synapse.util import Clock
 
 from tests.utils import setup_test_homeserver as _sth
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 class TimedOutException(Exception):
     """
@@ -224,30 +226,16 @@ class ThreadedMemoryReactorClock(MemoryReactorClock):
 
     def __init__(self):
         self._udp = []
-        self.lookups = {}
-
-        class Resolver(object):
-            def resolveHostName(
-                _self,
-                resolutionReceiver,
-                hostName,
-                portNumber=0,
-                addressTypes=None,
-                transportSemantics='TCP',
-            ):
-
-                resolution = HostResolution(hostName)
-                resolutionReceiver.resolutionBegan(resolution)
-                if hostName not in self.lookups:
-                    raise DNSLookupError("OH NO")
-
-                resolutionReceiver.addressResolved(
-                    IPv4Address('TCP', self.lookups[hostName], portNumber)
-                )
-                resolutionReceiver.resolutionComplete()
-                return resolution
-
-        self.nameResolver = Resolver()
+        lookups = self.lookups = {}
+
+        @implementer(IResolverSimple)
+        class FakeResolver(object):
+            def getHostByName(self, name, timeout=None):
+                if name not in lookups:
+                    return fail(DNSLookupError("OH NO: unknown %s" % (name, )))
+                return succeed(lookups[name])
+
+        self.nameResolver = SimpleResolverComplexifier(FakeResolver())
         super(ThreadedMemoryReactorClock, self).__init__()
 
     def listenUDP(self, port, protocol, interface='', maxPacketSize=8196):
@@ -339,7 +327,7 @@ def get_clock():
     return (clock, hs_clock)
 
 
-@attr.s
+@attr.s(cmp=False)
 class FakeTransport(object):
     """
     A twisted.internet.interfaces.ITransport implementation which sends all its data
@@ -366,7 +354,13 @@ class FakeTransport(object):
     :type: twisted.internet.interfaces.IReactorTime
     """
 
+    _protocol = attr.ib(default=None)
+    """The Protocol which is producing data for this transport. Optional, but if set
+    will get called back for connectionLost() notifications etc.
+    """
+
     disconnecting = False
+    disconnected = False
     buffer = attr.ib(default=b'')
     producer = attr.ib(default=None)
 
@@ -376,11 +370,17 @@ class FakeTransport(object):
     def getHost(self):
         return None
 
-    def loseConnection(self):
-        self.disconnecting = True
+    def loseConnection(self, reason=None):
+        if not self.disconnecting:
+            logger.info("FakeTransport: loseConnection(%s)", reason)
+            self.disconnecting = True
+            if self._protocol:
+                self._protocol.connectionLost(reason)
+            self.disconnected = True
 
     def abortConnection(self):
-        self.disconnecting = True
+        logger.info("FakeTransport: abortConnection()")
+        self.loseConnection()
 
     def pauseProducing(self):
         if not self.producer:
@@ -414,14 +414,29 @@ class FakeTransport(object):
         self.buffer = self.buffer + byt
 
         def _write():
+            if not self.buffer:
+                # nothing to do. Don't write empty buffers: it upsets the
+                # TLSMemoryBIOProtocol
+                return
+
+            if self.disconnected:
+                return
+            logger.info("%s->%s: %s", self._protocol, self.other, self.buffer)
+
             if getattr(self.other, "transport") is not None:
-                self.other.dataReceived(self.buffer)
-                self.buffer = b""
+                try:
+                    self.other.dataReceived(self.buffer)
+                    self.buffer = b""
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning("Exception writing to protocol: %s", e)
                 return
 
             self._reactor.callLater(0.0, _write)
 
-        _write()
+        # always actually do the write asynchronously. Some protocols (notably the
+        # TLSMemoryBIOProtocol) get very confused if a read comes back while they are
+        # still doing a write. Doing a callLater here breaks the cycle.
+        self._reactor.callLater(0.0, _write)
 
     def writeSequence(self, seq):
         for x in seq:
diff --git a/tests/state/test_v2.py b/tests/state/test_v2.py
index 2e073a3afc..9a5c816927 100644
--- a/tests/state/test_v2.py
+++ b/tests/state/test_v2.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ from six.moves import zip
 
 import attr
 
-from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, JoinRules, Membership
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, JoinRules, Membership, RoomVersions
 from synapse.event_auth import auth_types_for_event
 from synapse.events import FrozenEvent
 from synapse.state.v2 import lexicographical_topological_sort, resolve_events_with_store
@@ -539,6 +539,7 @@ class StateTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                 state_before = dict(state_at_event[prev_events[0]])
             else:
                 state_d = resolve_events_with_store(
+                    RoomVersions.V2,
                     [state_at_event[n] for n in prev_events],
                     event_map=event_map,
                     state_res_store=TestStateResolutionStore(event_map),
@@ -685,6 +686,7 @@ class SimpleParamStateTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         # Test that we correctly handle passing `None` as the event_map
 
         state_d = resolve_events_with_store(
+            RoomVersions.V2,
             [self.state_at_bob, self.state_at_charlie],
             event_map=None,
             state_res_store=TestStateResolutionStore(self.event_map),
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_background_update.py b/tests/storage/test_background_update.py
index 81403727c5..5568a607c7 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_background_update.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_background_update.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class BackgroundUpdateTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         hs = yield setup_test_homeserver(
             self.addCleanup
-        )  # type: synapse.server.HomeServer
+        )
         self.store = hs.get_datastore()
         self.clock = hs.get_clock()
 
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_base.py b/tests/storage/test_base.py
index 829f47d2e8..f18db8c384 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_base.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_base.py
@@ -49,13 +49,17 @@ class SQLBaseStoreTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.db_pool.runWithConnection = runWithConnection
 
         config = Mock()
+        config._disable_native_upserts = True
         config.event_cache_size = 1
         config.database_config = {"name": "sqlite3"}
+        engine = create_engine(config.database_config)
+        fake_engine = Mock(wraps=engine)
+        fake_engine.can_native_upsert = False
         hs = TestHomeServer(
             "test",
             db_pool=self.db_pool,
             config=config,
-            database_engine=create_engine(config.database_config),
+            database_engine=fake_engine,
         )
 
         self.datastore = SQLBaseStore(None, hs)
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_end_to_end_keys.py b/tests/storage/test_end_to_end_keys.py
index b83f7336d3..11fb8c0c19 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_end_to_end_keys.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_end_to_end_keys.py
@@ -20,9 +20,6 @@ import tests.utils
 
 
 class EndToEndKeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(EndToEndKeyStoreTestCase, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        self.store = None  # type: synapse.storage.DataStore
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_keys.py b/tests/storage/test_keys.py
index 47f4a8ceac..0d2dc9f325 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_keys.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_keys.py
@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@ import tests.utils
 
 
 class KeyStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(KeyStoreTestCase, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        self.store = None  # type: synapse.storage.keys.KeyStore
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py b/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py
index 9605301b59..d6569a82bb 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.constants import UserTypes
 
-from tests.unittest import HomeserverTestCase
+from tests import unittest
 
 FORTY_DAYS = 40 * 24 * 60 * 60
 
 
-class MonthlyActiveUsersTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
+class MonthlyActiveUsersTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     def make_homeserver(self, reactor, clock):
 
         hs = self.setup_test_homeserver()
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_redaction.py b/tests/storage/test_redaction.py
index 02bf975fbf..3957561b1e 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_redaction.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_redaction.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from mock import Mock
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
-from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership, RoomVersions
 from synapse.types import RoomID, UserID
 
 from tests import unittest
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ class RedactionTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         content = {"membership": membership}
         content.update(extra_content)
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": EventTypes.Member,
                 "sender": user.to_string(),
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ class RedactionTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.depth += 1
 
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": EventTypes.Message,
                 "sender": user.to_string(),
@@ -94,6 +96,7 @@ class RedactionTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def inject_redaction(self, room, event_id, user, reason):
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": EventTypes.Redaction,
                 "sender": user.to_string(),
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_roommember.py b/tests/storage/test_roommember.py
index 978c66133d..7fa2f4fd70 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_roommember.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_roommember.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from mock import Mock
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
-from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership, RoomVersions
 from synapse.types import RoomID, UserID
 
 from tests import unittest
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ class RoomMemberStoreTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def inject_room_member(self, room, user, membership, replaces_state=None):
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": EventTypes.Member,
                 "sender": user.to_string(),
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_state.py b/tests/storage/test_state.py
index 086a39d834..99cd3e09eb 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_state.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_state.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import logging
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
-from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership, RoomVersions
 from synapse.storage.state import StateFilter
 from synapse.types import RoomID, UserID
 
@@ -28,9 +28,6 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class StateStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(StateStoreTestCase, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        self.store = None  # type: synapse.storage.DataStore
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def setUp(self):
@@ -52,6 +49,7 @@ class StateStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def inject_state_event(self, room, sender, typ, state_key, content):
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": typ,
                 "sender": sender.to_string(),
diff --git a/tests/test_event_auth.py b/tests/test_event_auth.py
index 411b4a9f86..7ee318e4e8 100644
--- a/tests/test_event_auth.py
+++ b/tests/test_event_auth.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import unittest
 
 from synapse import event_auth
+from synapse.api.constants import RoomVersions
 from synapse.api.errors import AuthError
 from synapse.events import FrozenEvent
 
@@ -35,12 +36,16 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         }
 
         # creator should be able to send state
-        event_auth.check(_random_state_event(creator), auth_events, do_sig_check=False)
+        event_auth.check(
+            RoomVersions.V1, _random_state_event(creator), auth_events,
+            do_sig_check=False,
+        )
 
         # joiner should not be able to send state
         self.assertRaises(
             AuthError,
             event_auth.check,
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             _random_state_event(joiner),
             auth_events,
             do_sig_check=False,
@@ -69,13 +74,17 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertRaises(
             AuthError,
             event_auth.check,
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             _random_state_event(pleb),
             auth_events,
             do_sig_check=False,
         ),
 
         # king should be able to send state
-        event_auth.check(_random_state_event(king), auth_events, do_sig_check=False)
+        event_auth.check(
+            RoomVersions.V1, _random_state_event(king), auth_events,
+            do_sig_check=False,
+        )
 
 
 # helpers for making events
diff --git a/tests/test_server.py b/tests/test_server.py
index 634a8fbca5..08fb3fe02f 100644
--- a/tests/test_server.py
+++ b/tests/test_server.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ from six import StringIO
 
 from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred
 from twisted.python.failure import Failure
-from twisted.test.proto_helpers import AccumulatingProtocol, MemoryReactorClock
+from twisted.test.proto_helpers import AccumulatingProtocol
 from twisted.web.resource import Resource
 from twisted.web.server import NOT_DONE_YET
 
@@ -30,12 +30,18 @@ from synapse.util import Clock
 from synapse.util.logcontext import make_deferred_yieldable
 
 from tests import unittest
-from tests.server import FakeTransport, make_request, render, setup_test_homeserver
+from tests.server import (
+    FakeTransport,
+    ThreadedMemoryReactorClock,
+    make_request,
+    render,
+    setup_test_homeserver,
+)
 
 
 class JsonResourceTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        self.reactor = MemoryReactorClock()
+        self.reactor = ThreadedMemoryReactorClock()
         self.hs_clock = Clock(self.reactor)
         self.homeserver = setup_test_homeserver(
             self.addCleanup, http_client=None, clock=self.hs_clock, reactor=self.reactor
diff --git a/tests/test_utils/__init__.py b/tests/test_utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7310cf12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_utils/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+Utilities for running the unit tests
+"""
diff --git a/tests/test_utils/logging_setup.py b/tests/test_utils/logging_setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0bc8e2112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_utils/logging_setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import logging
+import os
+
+import twisted.logger
+
+from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContextFilter
+
+
+class ToTwistedHandler(logging.Handler):
+    """logging handler which sends the logs to the twisted log"""
+    tx_log = twisted.logger.Logger()
+
+    def emit(self, record):
+        log_entry = self.format(record)
+        log_level = record.levelname.lower().replace('warning', 'warn')
+        self.tx_log.emit(
+            twisted.logger.LogLevel.levelWithName(log_level),
+            log_entry.replace("{", r"(").replace("}", r")"),
+        )
+
+
+def setup_logging():
+    """Configure the python logging appropriately for the tests.
+
+    (Logs will end up in _trial_temp.)
+    """
+    root_logger = logging.getLogger()
+
+    log_format = (
+        "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(lineno)d - %(levelname)s - %(request)s - %(message)s"
+    )
+
+    handler = ToTwistedHandler()
+    formatter = logging.Formatter(log_format)
+    handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+    handler.addFilter(LoggingContextFilter(request=""))
+    root_logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+    log_level = os.environ.get("SYNAPSE_TEST_LOG_LEVEL", "ERROR")
+    root_logger.setLevel(log_level)
diff --git a/tests/test_visibility.py b/tests/test_visibility.py
index 2eea3b098b..455db9f276 100644
--- a/tests/test_visibility.py
+++ b/tests/test_visibility.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import logging
 from twisted.internet import defer
 from twisted.internet.defer import succeed
 
+from synapse.api.constants import RoomVersions
 from synapse.events import FrozenEvent
 from synapse.visibility import filter_events_for_server
 
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ class FilterEventsForServerTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
     def inject_visibility(self, user_id, visibility):
         content = {"history_visibility": visibility}
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": "m.room.history_visibility",
                 "sender": user_id,
@@ -144,6 +146,7 @@ class FilterEventsForServerTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
         content = {"membership": membership}
         content.update(extra_content)
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": "m.room.member",
                 "sender": user_id,
@@ -163,8 +166,9 @@ class FilterEventsForServerTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def inject_message(self, user_id, content=None):
         if content is None:
-            content = {"body": "testytest"}
+            content = {"body": "testytest", "msgtype": "m.text"}
         builder = self.event_builder_factory.new(
+            RoomVersions.V1,
             {
                 "type": "m.room.message",
                 "sender": user_id,
diff --git a/tests/unittest.py b/tests/unittest.py
index 78d2f740f9..fac254ff10 100644
--- a/tests/unittest.py
+++ b/tests/unittest.py
@@ -31,38 +31,14 @@ from synapse.http.server import JsonResource
 from synapse.http.site import SynapseRequest
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
 from synapse.types import UserID, create_requester
-from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContext, LoggingContextFilter
+from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContext
 
 from tests.server import get_clock, make_request, render, setup_test_homeserver
+from tests.test_utils.logging_setup import setup_logging
 from tests.utils import default_config, setupdb
 
 setupdb()
-
-# Set up putting Synapse's logs into Trial's.
-rootLogger = logging.getLogger()
-
-log_format = (
-    "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(lineno)d - %(levelname)s - %(request)s - %(message)s"
-)
-
-
-class ToTwistedHandler(logging.Handler):
-    tx_log = twisted.logger.Logger()
-
-    def emit(self, record):
-        log_entry = self.format(record)
-        log_level = record.levelname.lower().replace('warning', 'warn')
-        self.tx_log.emit(
-            twisted.logger.LogLevel.levelWithName(log_level),
-            log_entry.replace("{", r"(").replace("}", r")"),
-        )
-
-
-handler = ToTwistedHandler()
-formatter = logging.Formatter(log_format)
-handler.setFormatter(formatter)
-handler.addFilter(LoggingContextFilter(request=""))
-rootLogger.addHandler(handler)
+setup_logging()
 
 
 def around(target):
@@ -96,7 +72,7 @@ class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         method = getattr(self, methodName)
 
-        level = getattr(method, "loglevel", getattr(self, "loglevel", logging.ERROR))
+        level = getattr(method, "loglevel", getattr(self, "loglevel", None))
 
         @around(self)
         def setUp(orig):
@@ -114,7 +90,7 @@ class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                 )
 
             old_level = logging.getLogger().level
-            if old_level != level:
+            if level is not None and old_level != level:
 
                 @around(self)
                 def tearDown(orig):
@@ -122,7 +98,8 @@ class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                     logging.getLogger().setLevel(old_level)
                     return ret
 
-            logging.getLogger().setLevel(level)
+                logging.getLogger().setLevel(level)
+
             return orig()
 
         @around(self)
@@ -333,7 +310,15 @@ class HomeserverTestCase(TestCase):
         """
         kwargs = dict(kwargs)
         kwargs.update(self._hs_args)
-        return setup_test_homeserver(self.addCleanup, *args, **kwargs)
+        hs = setup_test_homeserver(self.addCleanup, *args, **kwargs)
+        stor = hs.get_datastore()
+
+        # Run the database background updates.
+        if hasattr(stor, "do_next_background_update"):
+            while not self.get_success(stor.has_completed_background_updates()):
+                self.get_success(stor.do_next_background_update(1))
+
+        return hs
 
     def pump(self, by=0.0):
         """
diff --git a/tests/util/caches/test_ttlcache.py b/tests/util/caches/test_ttlcache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03b3c15db6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/util/caches/test_ttlcache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from mock import Mock
+
+from synapse.util.caches.ttlcache import TTLCache
+
+from tests import unittest
+
+
+class CacheTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.mock_timer = Mock(side_effect=lambda: 100.0)
+        self.cache = TTLCache("test_cache", self.mock_timer)
+
+    def test_get(self):
+        """simple set/get tests"""
+        self.cache.set('one', '1', 10)
+        self.cache.set('two', '2', 20)
+        self.cache.set('three', '3', 30)
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.cache), 3)
+
+        self.assertTrue('one' in self.cache)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache.get('one'), '1')
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache['one'], '1')
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache.get_with_expiry('one'), ('1', 110))
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.hits, 3)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.misses, 0)
+
+        self.cache.set('two', '2.5', 20)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache['two'], '2.5')
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.hits, 4)
+
+        # non-existent-item tests
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache.get('four', '4'), '4')
+        self.assertIs(self.cache.get('four', None), None)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            self.cache['four']
+
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            self.cache.get('four')
+
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            self.cache.get_with_expiry('four')
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.hits, 4)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.misses, 5)
+
+    def test_expiry(self):
+        self.cache.set('one', '1', 10)
+        self.cache.set('two', '2', 20)
+        self.cache.set('three', '3', 30)
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.cache), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache['one'], '1')
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache['two'], '2')
+
+        # enough for the first entry to expire, but not the rest
+        self.mock_timer.side_effect = lambda: 110.0
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.cache), 2)
+        self.assertFalse('one' in self.cache)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache['two'], '2')
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache['three'], '3')
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache.get_with_expiry('two'), ('2', 120))
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.hits, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(self.cache._metrics.misses, 0)
diff --git a/tests/utils.py b/tests/utils.py
index 08d6faa0a6..2dfcb70a93 100644
--- a/tests/utils.py
+++ b/tests/utils.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ from six.moves.urllib import parse as urlparse
 
 from twisted.internet import defer, reactor
 
-from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, RoomVersions
 from synapse.api.errors import CodeMessageException, cs_error
 from synapse.config.server import ServerConfig
 from synapse.federation.transport import server
@@ -154,7 +154,9 @@ def default_config(name):
     config.update_user_directory = False
 
     def is_threepid_reserved(threepid):
-        return ServerConfig.is_threepid_reserved(config, threepid)
+        return ServerConfig.is_threepid_reserved(
+            config.mau_limits_reserved_threepids, threepid
+        )
 
     config.is_threepid_reserved.side_effect = is_threepid_reserved
 
@@ -622,6 +624,7 @@ def create_room(hs, room_id, creator_id):
     event_creation_handler = hs.get_event_creation_handler()
 
     builder = event_builder_factory.new(
+        RoomVersions.V1,
         {
             "type": EventTypes.Create,
             "state_key": "",