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-rw-r--r--synapse/api/errors.py1
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/device.py17
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py502
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/sync.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py97
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/__init__.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/devices.py95
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py204
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/hidden_devices.sql18
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/signing_keys.sql55
-rw-r--r--synapse/types.py24
12 files changed, 1010 insertions, 21 deletions
diff --git a/synapse/api/errors.py b/synapse/api/errors.py
index cf1ebf1af2..a18d31db0c 100644
--- a/synapse/api/errors.py
+++ b/synapse/api/errors.py
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ class Codes(object):
     INCOMPATIBLE_ROOM_VERSION = "M_INCOMPATIBLE_ROOM_VERSION"
     WRONG_ROOM_KEYS_VERSION = "M_WRONG_ROOM_KEYS_VERSION"
     EXPIRED_ACCOUNT = "ORG_MATRIX_EXPIRED_ACCOUNT"
+    INVALID_SIGNATURE = "M_INVALID_SIGNATURE"
     USER_DEACTIVATED = "M_USER_DEACTIVATED"
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/device.py b/synapse/handlers/device.py
index 71a8f33da3..5f23ee4488 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/device.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/device.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -439,6 +441,21 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
                 log_kv({"message": "sent device update to host", "host": host})
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def notify_user_signature_update(self, from_user_id, user_ids):
+        """Notify a user that they have made new signatures of other users.
+
+        Args:
+            from_user_id (str): the user who made the signature
+            user_ids (list[str]): the users IDs that have new signatures
+        """
+
+        position = yield self.store.add_user_signature_change_to_streams(
+            from_user_id, user_ids
+        )
+
+        self.notifier.on_new_event("device_list_key", position, users=[from_user_id])
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def on_federation_query_user_devices(self, user_id):
         stream_id, devices = yield self.store.get_devices_with_keys_by_user(user_id)
         return {"user_id": user_id, "stream_id": stream_id, "devices": devices}
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py b/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py
index 056fb97acb..95f3cc891b 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
-# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2018-2019 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -19,13 +20,20 @@ import logging
 from six import iteritems
 
 from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json, json
+from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes
+from signedjson.sign import SignatureVerifyException, verify_signed_json
+from unpaddedbase64 import decode_base64
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
-from synapse.api.errors import CodeMessageException, SynapseError
+from synapse.api.errors import CodeMessageException, Codes, SynapseError
 from synapse.logging.context import make_deferred_yieldable, run_in_background
 from synapse.logging.opentracing import log_kv, set_tag, tag_args, trace
-from synapse.types import UserID, get_domain_from_id
+from synapse.types import (
+    UserID,
+    get_domain_from_id,
+    get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key,
+)
 from synapse.util import unwrapFirstError
 from synapse.util.retryutils import NotRetryingDestination
 
@@ -49,7 +57,7 @@ class E2eKeysHandler(object):
 
     @trace
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def query_devices(self, query_body, timeout):
+    def query_devices(self, query_body, timeout, from_user_id):
         """ Handle a device key query from a client
 
         {
@@ -67,6 +75,11 @@ class E2eKeysHandler(object):
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        Args:
+            from_user_id (str): the user making the query.  This is used when
+                adding cross-signing signatures to limit what signatures users
+                can see.
         """
 
         device_keys_query = query_body.get("device_keys", {})
@@ -125,6 +138,11 @@ class E2eKeysHandler(object):
                 r = remote_queries_not_in_cache.setdefault(domain, {})
                 r[user_id] = remote_queries[user_id]
 
+        # Get cached cross-signing keys
+        cross_signing_keys = yield self.get_cross_signing_keys_from_cache(
+            device_keys_query, from_user_id
+        )
+
         # Now fetch any devices that we don't have in our cache
         @trace
         @defer.inlineCallbacks
@@ -188,6 +206,14 @@ class E2eKeysHandler(object):
                     if user_id in destination_query:
                         results[user_id] = keys
 
+                for user_id, key in remote_result["master_keys"].items():
+                    if user_id in destination_query:
+                        cross_signing_keys["master_keys"][user_id] = key
+
+                for user_id, key in remote_result["self_signing_keys"].items():
+                    if user_id in destination_query:
+                        cross_signing_keys["self_signing_keys"][user_id] = key
+
             except Exception as e:
                 failure = _exception_to_failure(e)
                 failures[destination] = failure
@@ -204,7 +230,61 @@ class E2eKeysHandler(object):
             ).addErrback(unwrapFirstError)
         )
 
-        return {"device_keys": results, "failures": failures}
+        ret = {"device_keys": results, "failures": failures}
+
+        ret.update(cross_signing_keys)
+
+        return ret
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_cross_signing_keys_from_cache(self, query, from_user_id):
+        """Get cross-signing keys for users from the database
+
+        Args:
+            query (Iterable[string]) an iterable of user IDs.  A dict whose keys
+                are user IDs satisfies this, so the query format used for
+                query_devices can be used here.
+            from_user_id (str): the user making the query.  This is used when
+                adding cross-signing signatures to limit what signatures users
+                can see.
+
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred[dict[str, dict[str, dict]]]: map from
+                (master|self_signing|user_signing) -> user_id -> key
+        """
+        master_keys = {}
+        self_signing_keys = {}
+        user_signing_keys = {}
+
+        for user_id in query:
+            # XXX: consider changing the store functions to allow querying
+            # multiple users simultaneously.
+            key = yield self.store.get_e2e_cross_signing_key(
+                user_id, "master", from_user_id
+            )
+            if key:
+                master_keys[user_id] = key
+
+            key = yield self.store.get_e2e_cross_signing_key(
+                user_id, "self_signing", from_user_id
+            )
+            if key:
+                self_signing_keys[user_id] = key
+
+            # users can see other users' master and self-signing keys, but can
+            # only see their own user-signing keys
+            if from_user_id == user_id:
+                key = yield self.store.get_e2e_cross_signing_key(
+                    user_id, "user_signing", from_user_id
+                )
+                if key:
+                    user_signing_keys[user_id] = key
+
+        return {
+            "master_keys": master_keys,
+            "self_signing_keys": self_signing_keys,
+            "user_signing_keys": user_signing_keys,
+        }
 
     @trace
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
@@ -447,8 +527,420 @@ class E2eKeysHandler(object):
         log_kv({"message": "Inserting new one_time_keys.", "keys": new_keys})
         yield self.store.add_e2e_one_time_keys(user_id, device_id, time_now, new_keys)
 
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def upload_signing_keys_for_user(self, user_id, keys):
+        """Upload signing keys for cross-signing
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (string): the user uploading the keys
+            keys (dict[string, dict]): the signing keys
+        """
+
+        # if a master key is uploaded, then check it.  Otherwise, load the
+        # stored master key, to check signatures on other keys
+        if "master_key" in keys:
+            master_key = keys["master_key"]
+
+            _check_cross_signing_key(master_key, user_id, "master")
+        else:
+            master_key = yield self.store.get_e2e_cross_signing_key(user_id, "master")
+
+        # if there is no master key, then we can't do anything, because all the
+        # other cross-signing keys need to be signed by the master key
+        if not master_key:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "No master key available", Codes.MISSING_PARAM)
+
+        try:
+            master_key_id, master_verify_key = get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key(
+                master_key
+            )
+        except ValueError:
+            if "master_key" in keys:
+                # the invalid key came from the request
+                raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid master key", Codes.INVALID_PARAM)
+            else:
+                # the invalid key came from the database
+                logger.error("Invalid master key found for user %s", user_id)
+                raise SynapseError(500, "Invalid master key")
+
+        # for the other cross-signing keys, make sure that they have valid
+        # signatures from the master key
+        if "self_signing_key" in keys:
+            self_signing_key = keys["self_signing_key"]
+
+            _check_cross_signing_key(
+                self_signing_key, user_id, "self_signing", master_verify_key
+            )
+
+        if "user_signing_key" in keys:
+            user_signing_key = keys["user_signing_key"]
+
+            _check_cross_signing_key(
+                user_signing_key, user_id, "user_signing", master_verify_key
+            )
+
+        # if everything checks out, then store the keys and send notifications
+        deviceids = []
+        if "master_key" in keys:
+            yield self.store.set_e2e_cross_signing_key(user_id, "master", master_key)
+            deviceids.append(master_verify_key.version)
+        if "self_signing_key" in keys:
+            yield self.store.set_e2e_cross_signing_key(
+                user_id, "self_signing", self_signing_key
+            )
+            try:
+                deviceids.append(
+                    get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key(self_signing_key)[1].version
+                )
+            except ValueError:
+                raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid self-signing key", Codes.INVALID_PARAM)
+        if "user_signing_key" in keys:
+            yield self.store.set_e2e_cross_signing_key(
+                user_id, "user_signing", user_signing_key
+            )
+            # the signature stream matches the semantics that we want for
+            # user-signing key updates: only the user themselves is notified of
+            # their own user-signing key updates
+            yield self.device_handler.notify_user_signature_update(user_id, [user_id])
+
+        # master key and self-signing key updates match the semantics of device
+        # list updates: all users who share an encrypted room are notified
+        if len(deviceids):
+            yield self.device_handler.notify_device_update(user_id, deviceids)
+
+        return {}
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def upload_signatures_for_device_keys(self, user_id, signatures):
+        """Upload device signatures for cross-signing
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (string): the user uploading the signatures
+            signatures (dict[string, dict[string, dict]]): map of users to
+                devices to signed keys
+        """
+        failures = {}
+
+        # signatures to be stored.  Each item will be a tuple of
+        # (signing_key_id, target_user_id, target_device_id, signature)
+        signature_list = []
+
+        # split between checking signatures for own user and signatures for
+        # other users, since we verify them with different keys
+        self_signatures = signatures.get(user_id, {})
+        other_signatures = {k: v for k, v in signatures.items() if k != user_id}
+
+        self_signature_list, self_failures = yield self._process_self_signatures(
+            user_id, self_signatures
+        )
+        signature_list.extend(self_signature_list)
+        failures.update(self_failures)
+
+        other_signature_list, other_failures = yield self._process_other_signatures(
+            user_id, other_signatures
+        )
+        signature_list.extend(other_signature_list)
+        failures.update(other_failures)
+
+        # store the signature, and send the appropriate notifications for sync
+        logger.debug("upload signature failures: %r", failures)
+        yield self.store.store_e2e_cross_signing_signatures(user_id, signature_list)
+
+        self_device_ids = [device_id for (_, _, device_id, _) in self_signature_list]
+        if self_device_ids:
+            yield self.device_handler.notify_device_update(user_id, self_device_ids)
+        signed_users = [user_id for (_, user_id, _, _) in other_signature_list]
+        if signed_users:
+            yield self.device_handler.notify_user_signature_update(
+                user_id, signed_users
+            )
+
+        return {"failures": failures}
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _process_self_signatures(self, user_id, signatures):
+        signature_list = []
+        failures = {}
+        if not signatures:
+            return signature_list, failures
+
+        try:
+            # get our self-signing key to verify the signatures
+            self_signing_key, self_signing_key_id, self_signing_verify_key = yield self._get_e2e_cross_signing_verify_key(
+                user_id, "self_signing"
+            )
+
+            # get our master key, since it may be signed
+            master_key, master_key_id, master_verify_key = yield self._get_e2e_cross_signing_verify_key(
+                user_id, "master"
+            )
+
+            # fetch our stored devices.  This is used to 1. verify
+            # signatures on the master key, and 2. to can compare with what
+            # was sent if the device was signed
+            devices = yield self.store.get_e2e_device_keys([(user_id, None)])
+
+            if user_id not in devices:
+                raise SynapseError(404, "No device keys found", Codes.NOT_FOUND)
+
+            devices = devices[user_id]
+        except SynapseError as e:
+            failures[user_id] = {
+                device: _exception_to_failure(e) for device in signatures.keys()
+            }
+            return signature_list, failures
+
+        for device_id, device in signatures.items():
+            try:
+                if "signatures" not in device or user_id not in device["signatures"]:
+                    # no signature was sent
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        400, "Invalid signature", Codes.INVALID_SIGNATURE
+                    )
+
+                if device_id == master_verify_key.version:
+                    # we have master key signed by devices: for each
+                    # device that signed, check the signature.  Since
+                    # the "failures" property in the response only has
+                    # granularity up to the signed device, either all
+                    # of the signatures on the master key succeed, or
+                    # all fail.  So loop over the signatures and add
+                    # them to a separate signature list.  If everything
+                    # works out, then add them all to the main
+                    # signature list.  (In practice, we're likely to
+                    # only have only one signature anyways.)
+                    master_key_signature_list = []
+                    sigs = device["signatures"]
+                    for signing_key_id, signature in sigs[user_id].items():
+                        alg, signing_device_id = signing_key_id.split(":", 1)
+                        if (
+                            signing_device_id not in devices
+                            or signing_key_id
+                            not in devices[signing_device_id]["keys"]["keys"]
+                        ):
+                            # signed by an unknown device, or the
+                            # device does not have the key
+                            raise SynapseError(
+                                400, "Invalid signature", Codes.INVALID_SIGNATURE
+                            )
+
+                        # get the key and check the signature
+                        pubkey = devices[signing_device_id]["keys"]["keys"][
+                            signing_key_id
+                        ]
+                        verify_key = decode_verify_key_bytes(
+                            signing_key_id, decode_base64(pubkey)
+                        )
+                        _check_device_signature(user_id, verify_key, device, master_key)
+                        device["signatures"] = sigs
+
+                        master_key_signature_list.append(
+                            (signing_key_id, user_id, device_id, signature)
+                        )
+
+                    signature_list.extend(master_key_signature_list)
+                    continue
+
+                # at this point, we have a device that should be signed
+                # by the self-signing key
+                if self_signing_key_id not in device["signatures"][user_id]:
+                    # no signature was sent
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        400, "Invalid signature", Codes.INVALID_SIGNATURE
+                    )
+
+                stored_device = None
+                try:
+                    stored_device = devices[device_id]["keys"]
+                except KeyError:
+                    raise SynapseError(404, "Unknown device", Codes.NOT_FOUND)
+                if self_signing_key_id in stored_device.get("signatures", {}).get(
+                    user_id, {}
+                ):
+                    # we already have a signature on this device, so we
+                    # can skip it, since it should be exactly the same
+                    continue
+
+                _check_device_signature(
+                    user_id, self_signing_verify_key, device, stored_device
+                )
+
+                signature = device["signatures"][user_id][self_signing_key_id]
+                signature_list.append(
+                    (self_signing_key_id, user_id, device_id, signature)
+                )
+            except SynapseError as e:
+                failures.setdefault(user_id, {})[device_id] = _exception_to_failure(e)
+
+        return signature_list, failures
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _process_other_signatures(self, user_id, signatures):
+        # now check non-self signatures.  These signatures will be signed
+        # by the user-signing key
+        signature_list = []
+        failures = {}
+        if not signatures:
+            return signature_list, failures
+
+        try:
+            # get our user-signing key to verify the signatures
+            user_signing_key, user_signing_key_id, user_signing_verify_key = yield self._get_e2e_cross_signing_verify_key(
+                user_id, "user_signing"
+            )
+        except SynapseError as e:
+            failure = _exception_to_failure(e)
+            for user, devicemap in signatures.items():
+                failures[user] = {device_id: failure for device_id in devicemap.keys()}
+            return signature_list, failures
+
+        for user, devicemap in signatures.items():
+            device_id = None
+            try:
+                # get the user's master key, to make sure it matches
+                # what was sent
+                stored_key, stored_key_id, _ = yield self._get_e2e_cross_signing_verify_key(
+                    user, "master", user_id
+                )
+
+                # make sure that the user's master key is the one that
+                # was signed (and no others)
+                device_id = stored_key_id.split(":", 1)[1]
+                if device_id not in devicemap:
+                    logger.error(
+                        "upload signature: could not find signature for device %s",
+                        device_id,
+                    )
+                    # set device to None so that the failure gets
+                    # marked on all the signatures
+                    device_id = None
+                    raise SynapseError(404, "Unknown device", Codes.NOT_FOUND)
+                key = devicemap[device_id]
+                other_devices = [k for k in devicemap.keys() if k != device_id]
+                if other_devices:
+                    # other devices were signed -- mark those as failures
+                    logger.error("upload signature: too many devices specified")
+                    failure = _exception_to_failure(
+                        SynapseError(404, "Unknown device", Codes.NOT_FOUND)
+                    )
+                    failures[user] = {device: failure for device in other_devices}
+
+                if user_signing_key_id in stored_key.get("signatures", {}).get(
+                    user_id, {}
+                ):
+                    # we already have the signature, so we can skip it
+                    continue
+
+                _check_device_signature(
+                    user_id, user_signing_verify_key, key, stored_key
+                )
+
+                signature = key["signatures"][user_id][user_signing_key_id]
+                signature_list.append((user_signing_key_id, user, device_id, signature))
+            except SynapseError as e:
+                failure = _exception_to_failure(e)
+                if device_id is None:
+                    failures[user] = {
+                        device_id: failure for device_id in devicemap.keys()
+                    }
+                else:
+                    failures.setdefault(user, {})[device_id] = failure
+
+        return signature_list, failures
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _get_e2e_cross_signing_verify_key(self, user_id, key_type, from_user_id=None):
+        key = yield self.store.get_e2e_cross_signing_key(
+            user_id, key_type, from_user_id
+        )
+        if key is None:
+            logger.error("no %s key found for %s", key_type, user_id)
+            raise SynapseError(
+                404, "No %s key found for %s" % (key_type, user_id), Codes.NOT_FOUND
+            )
+        key_id, verify_key = get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key(key)
+        return key, key_id, verify_key
+
+
+def _check_cross_signing_key(key, user_id, key_type, signing_key=None):
+    """Check a cross-signing key uploaded by a user.  Performs some basic sanity
+    checking, and ensures that it is signed, if a signature is required.
+
+    Args:
+        key (dict): the key data to verify
+        user_id (str): the user whose key is being checked
+        key_type (str): the type of key that the key should be
+        signing_key (VerifyKey): (optional) the signing key that the key should
+            be signed with.  If omitted, signatures will not be checked.
+    """
+    if (
+        key.get("user_id") != user_id
+        or key_type not in key.get("usage", [])
+        or len(key.get("keys", {})) != 1
+    ):
+        raise SynapseError(400, ("Invalid %s key" % (key_type,)), Codes.INVALID_PARAM)
+
+    if signing_key:
+        try:
+            verify_signed_json(key, user_id, signing_key)
+        except SignatureVerifyException:
+            raise SynapseError(
+                400, ("Invalid signature on %s key" % key_type), Codes.INVALID_SIGNATURE
+            )
+
+
+def _check_device_signature(user_id, verify_key, signed_device, stored_device):
+    """Check that a device signature is correct and matches the copy of the device
+    that we have.  Throws an exception if an error is detected.
+
+    Args:
+        user_id (str): the user ID whose signature is being checked
+        verify_key (VerifyKey): the key to verify the device with
+        signed_device (dict): the signed device data
+        stored_device (dict): our previous copy of the device
+    """
+
+    key_id = "%s:%s" % (verify_key.alg, verify_key.version)
+
+    # make sure the device is signed
+    if (
+        "signatures" not in signed_device
+        or user_id not in signed_device["signatures"]
+        or key_id not in signed_device["signatures"][user_id]
+    ):
+        logger.error("upload signature: user not found in signatures")
+        raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid signature", Codes.INVALID_SIGNATURE)
+
+    signature = signed_device["signatures"][user_id][key_id]
+
+    # make sure that the device submitted matches what we have stored
+    del signed_device["signatures"]
+    # use pop to avoid exception if key doesn't exist
+    signed_device.pop("unsigned", None)
+    stored_device.pop("signatures", None)
+    stored_device.pop("unsigned", None)
+    if signed_device != stored_device:
+        logger.error(
+            "upload signatures: key does not match %s vs %s",
+            signed_device,
+            stored_device,
+        )
+        raise SynapseError(400, "Key does not match")
+
+    # check the signature
+    signed_device["signatures"] = {user_id: {key_id: signature}}
+
+    try:
+        verify_signed_json(signed_device, user_id, verify_key)
+    except SignatureVerifyException:
+        logger.error("invalid signature on key")
+        raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid signature", Codes.INVALID_SIGNATURE)
+
 
 def _exception_to_failure(e):
+    if isinstance(e, SynapseError):
+        return {"status": e.code, "errcode": e.errcode, "message": str(e)}
+
     if isinstance(e, CodeMessageException):
         return {"status": e.code, "message": str(e)}
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/sync.py b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
index 19bca6717f..d99160e9d7 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/sync.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2015, 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
-# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2018, 2019 New Vector Ltd
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -1124,6 +1124,11 @@ class SyncHandler(object):
             # weren't in the previous sync *or* they left and rejoined.
             users_that_have_changed.update(newly_joined_or_invited_users)
 
+            user_signatures_changed = yield self.store.get_users_whose_signatures_changed(
+                user_id, since_token.device_list_key
+            )
+            users_that_have_changed.update(user_signatures_changed)
+
             # Now find users that we no longer track
             for room_id in newly_left_rooms:
                 left_users = yield self.state.get_current_users_in_room(room_id)
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py
index d9300fce33..f045e1b937 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ class SlavedDeviceStore(EndToEndKeyWorkerStore, DeviceWorkerStore, BaseSlavedSto
         self._device_list_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
             "DeviceListStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
         )
+        self._user_signature_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "UserSignatureStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
+        )
         self._device_list_federation_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
             "DeviceListFederationStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
         )
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py
index 2e680134a0..341567ae21 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2015, 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ from synapse.http.servlet import (
 from synapse.logging.opentracing import log_kv, set_tag, trace
 from synapse.types import StreamToken
 
-from ._base import client_patterns
+from ._base import client_patterns, interactive_auth_handler
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -155,10 +156,11 @@ class KeyQueryServlet(RestServlet):
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def on_POST(self, request):
-        yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request, allow_guest=True)
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request, allow_guest=True)
+        user_id = requester.user.to_string()
         timeout = parse_integer(request, "timeout", 10 * 1000)
         body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
-        result = yield self.e2e_keys_handler.query_devices(body, timeout)
+        result = yield self.e2e_keys_handler.query_devices(body, timeout, user_id)
         return 200, result
 
 
@@ -238,8 +240,97 @@ class OneTimeKeyServlet(RestServlet):
         return 200, result
 
 
+class SigningKeyUploadServlet(RestServlet):
+    """
+    POST /keys/device_signing/upload HTTP/1.1
+    Content-Type: application/json
+
+    {
+    }
+    """
+
+    PATTERNS = client_patterns("/keys/device_signing/upload$", releases=())
+
+    def __init__(self, hs):
+        """
+        Args:
+            hs (synapse.server.HomeServer): server
+        """
+        super(SigningKeyUploadServlet, self).__init__()
+        self.hs = hs
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.e2e_keys_handler = hs.get_e2e_keys_handler()
+        self.auth_handler = hs.get_auth_handler()
+
+    @interactive_auth_handler
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_POST(self, request):
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        user_id = requester.user.to_string()
+        body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
+
+        yield self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
+            requester, body, self.hs.get_ip_from_request(request)
+        )
+
+        result = yield self.e2e_keys_handler.upload_signing_keys_for_user(user_id, body)
+        return 200, result
+
+
+class SignaturesUploadServlet(RestServlet):
+    """
+    POST /keys/signatures/upload HTTP/1.1
+    Content-Type: application/json
+
+    {
+      "@alice:example.com": {
+        "<device_id>": {
+          "user_id": "<user_id>",
+          "device_id": "<device_id>",
+          "algorithms": [
+            "m.olm.curve25519-aes-sha256",
+            "m.megolm.v1.aes-sha"
+          ],
+          "keys": {
+            "<algorithm>:<device_id>": "<key_base64>",
+          },
+          "signatures": {
+            "<signing_user_id>": {
+              "<algorithm>:<signing_key_base64>": "<signature_base64>>"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    """
+
+    PATTERNS = client_patterns("/keys/signatures/upload$")
+
+    def __init__(self, hs):
+        """
+        Args:
+            hs (synapse.server.HomeServer): server
+        """
+        super(SignaturesUploadServlet, self).__init__()
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.e2e_keys_handler = hs.get_e2e_keys_handler()
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_POST(self, request):
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request, allow_guest=True)
+        user_id = requester.user.to_string()
+        body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
+
+        result = yield self.e2e_keys_handler.upload_signatures_for_device_keys(
+            user_id, body
+        )
+        return 200, result
+
+
 def register_servlets(hs, http_server):
     KeyUploadServlet(hs).register(http_server)
     KeyQueryServlet(hs).register(http_server)
     KeyChangesServlet(hs).register(http_server)
     OneTimeKeyServlet(hs).register(http_server)
+    SigningKeyUploadServlet(hs).register(http_server)
+    SignaturesUploadServlet(hs).register(http_server)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
index e7f6ea7286..e9a9c2cd8d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
-# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2018,2019 New Vector Ltd
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -136,6 +136,9 @@ class DataStore(
         self._device_list_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
             db_conn, "device_lists_stream", "stream_id"
         )
+        self._cross_signing_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "e2e_cross_signing_keys", "stream_id"
+        )
 
         self._access_tokens_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "access_tokens", "id")
         self._event_reports_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "event_reports", "id")
@@ -207,6 +210,9 @@ class DataStore(
         self._device_list_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
             "DeviceListStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
         )
+        self._user_signature_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "UserSignatureStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
+        )
         self._device_list_federation_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
             "DeviceListFederationStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
         )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/devices.py b/synapse/storage/devices.py
index 79a58df591..2db3ef4004 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/devices.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ from canonicaljson import json
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
-from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
+from synapse.api.errors import Codes, StoreError
 from synapse.logging.opentracing import (
     get_active_span_text_map,
     set_tag,
@@ -42,7 +44,8 @@ DROP_DEVICE_LIST_STREAMS_NON_UNIQUE_INDEXES = (
 
 class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     def get_device(self, user_id, device_id):
-        """Retrieve a device.
+        """Retrieve a device. Only returns devices that are not marked as
+        hidden.
 
         Args:
             user_id (str): The ID of the user which owns the device
@@ -54,14 +57,15 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         """
         return self._simple_select_one(
             table="devices",
-            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id},
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id, "hidden": False},
             retcols=("user_id", "device_id", "display_name"),
             desc="get_device",
         )
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def get_devices_by_user(self, user_id):
-        """Retrieve all of a user's registered devices.
+        """Retrieve all of a user's registered devices. Only returns devices
+        that are not marked as hidden.
 
         Args:
             user_id (str):
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         """
         devices = yield self._simple_select_list(
             table="devices",
-            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "hidden": False},
             retcols=("user_id", "device_id", "display_name"),
             desc="get_devices_by_user",
         )
@@ -319,6 +323,41 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         """
         txn.execute(sql, (destination, stream_id))
 
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def add_user_signature_change_to_streams(self, from_user_id, user_ids):
+        """Persist that a user has made new signatures
+
+        Args:
+            from_user_id (str): the user who made the signatures
+            user_ids (list[str]): the users who were signed
+        """
+
+        with self._device_list_id_gen.get_next() as stream_id:
+            yield self.runInteraction(
+                "add_user_sig_change_to_streams",
+                self._add_user_signature_change_txn,
+                from_user_id,
+                user_ids,
+                stream_id,
+            )
+        return stream_id
+
+    def _add_user_signature_change_txn(self, txn, from_user_id, user_ids, stream_id):
+        txn.call_after(
+            self._user_signature_stream_cache.entity_has_changed,
+            from_user_id,
+            stream_id,
+        )
+        self._simple_insert_txn(
+            txn,
+            "user_signature_stream",
+            values={
+                "stream_id": stream_id,
+                "from_user_id": from_user_id,
+                "user_ids": json.dumps(user_ids),
+            },
+        )
+
     def get_device_stream_token(self):
         return self._device_list_id_gen.get_current_token()
 
@@ -461,6 +500,28 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             "get_users_whose_devices_changed", _get_users_whose_devices_changed_txn
         )
 
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_users_whose_signatures_changed(self, user_id, from_key):
+        """Get the users who have new cross-signing signatures made by `user_id` since
+        `from_key`.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): the user who made the signatures
+            from_key (str): The device lists stream token
+        """
+        from_key = int(from_key)
+        if self._user_signature_stream_cache.has_entity_changed(user_id, from_key):
+            sql = """
+                SELECT DISTINCT user_ids FROM user_signature_stream
+                WHERE from_user_id = ? AND stream_id > ?
+            """
+            rows = yield self._execute(
+                "get_users_whose_signatures_changed", None, sql, user_id, from_key
+            )
+            return set(user for row in rows for user in json.loads(row[0]))
+        else:
+            return set()
+
     def get_all_device_list_changes_for_remotes(self, from_key, to_key):
         """Return a list of `(stream_id, user_id, destination)` which is the
         combined list of changes to devices, and which destinations need to be
@@ -567,6 +628,8 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, BackgroundUpdateStore):
         Returns:
             defer.Deferred: boolean whether the device was inserted or an
                 existing device existed with that ID.
+        Raises:
+            StoreError: if the device is already in use
         """
         key = (user_id, device_id)
         if self.device_id_exists_cache.get(key, None):
@@ -579,12 +642,25 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, BackgroundUpdateStore):
                     "user_id": user_id,
                     "device_id": device_id,
                     "display_name": initial_device_display_name,
+                    "hidden": False,
                 },
                 desc="store_device",
                 or_ignore=True,
             )
+            if not inserted:
+                # if the device already exists, check if it's a real device, or
+                # if the device ID is reserved by something else
+                hidden = yield self._simple_select_one_onecol(
+                    "devices",
+                    keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id},
+                    retcol="hidden",
+                )
+                if hidden:
+                    raise StoreError(400, "The device ID is in use", Codes.FORBIDDEN)
             self.device_id_exists_cache.prefill(key, True)
             return inserted
+        except StoreError:
+            raise
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(
                 "store_device with device_id=%s(%r) user_id=%s(%r)"
@@ -611,7 +687,7 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, BackgroundUpdateStore):
         """
         yield self._simple_delete_one(
             table="devices",
-            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id},
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id, "hidden": False},
             desc="delete_device",
         )
 
@@ -631,14 +707,15 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, BackgroundUpdateStore):
             table="devices",
             column="device_id",
             iterable=device_ids,
-            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "hidden": False},
             desc="delete_devices",
         )
         for device_id in device_ids:
             self.device_id_exists_cache.invalidate((user_id, device_id))
 
     def update_device(self, user_id, device_id, new_display_name=None):
-        """Update a device.
+        """Update a device. Only updates the device if it is not marked as
+        hidden.
 
         Args:
             user_id (str): The ID of the user which owns the device
@@ -657,7 +734,7 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, BackgroundUpdateStore):
             return defer.succeed(None)
         return self._simple_update_one(
             table="devices",
-            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id},
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "device_id": device_id, "hidden": False},
             updatevalues=updates,
             desc="update_device",
         )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py b/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
index 33e3a84933..258e8dcb47 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2015, 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 from six import iteritems
 
-from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json
+from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json, json
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
@@ -57,6 +59,12 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         for user_id, device_keys in iteritems(results):
             for device_id, device_info in iteritems(device_keys):
                 device_info["keys"] = db_to_json(device_info.pop("key_json"))
+                # add cross-signing signatures to the keys
+                if "signatures" in device_info:
+                    for sig_user_id, sigs in device_info["signatures"].items():
+                        device_info["keys"].setdefault("signatures", {}).setdefault(
+                            sig_user_id, {}
+                        ).update(sigs)
 
         return results
 
@@ -69,6 +77,8 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         query_clauses = []
         query_params = []
+        signature_query_clauses = []
+        signature_query_params = []
 
         if include_all_devices is False:
             include_deleted_devices = False
@@ -79,12 +89,20 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         for (user_id, device_id) in query_list:
             query_clause = "user_id = ?"
             query_params.append(user_id)
+            signature_query_clause = "target_user_id = ?"
+            signature_query_params.append(user_id)
 
             if device_id is not None:
                 query_clause += " AND device_id = ?"
                 query_params.append(device_id)
+                signature_query_clause += " AND target_device_id = ?"
+                signature_query_params.append(device_id)
+
+            signature_query_clause += " AND user_id = ?"
+            signature_query_params.append(user_id)
 
             query_clauses.append(query_clause)
+            signature_query_clauses.append(signature_query_clause)
 
         sql = (
             "SELECT user_id, device_id, "
@@ -92,7 +110,7 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             "    k.key_json"
             " FROM devices d"
             "    %s JOIN e2e_device_keys_json k USING (user_id, device_id)"
-            " WHERE %s"
+            " WHERE %s AND NOT d.hidden"
         ) % (
             "LEFT" if include_all_devices else "INNER",
             " OR ".join("(" + q + ")" for q in query_clauses),
@@ -111,6 +129,22 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             for user_id, device_id in deleted_devices:
                 result.setdefault(user_id, {})[device_id] = None
 
+        # get signatures on the device
+        signature_sql = (
+            "SELECT * " "  FROM e2e_cross_signing_signatures " " WHERE %s"
+        ) % (" OR ".join("(" + q + ")" for q in signature_query_clauses))
+
+        txn.execute(signature_sql, signature_query_params)
+        rows = self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+
+        for row in rows:
+            target_user_id = row["target_user_id"]
+            target_device_id = row["target_device_id"]
+            if target_user_id in result and target_device_id in result[target_user_id]:
+                result[target_user_id][target_device_id].setdefault(
+                    "signatures", {}
+                ).setdefault(row["user_id"], {})[row["key_id"]] = row["signature"]
+
         log_kv(result)
         return result
 
@@ -311,3 +345,169 @@ class EndToEndKeyStore(EndToEndKeyWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore):
         return self.runInteraction(
             "delete_e2e_keys_by_device", delete_e2e_keys_by_device_txn
         )
+
+    def _set_e2e_cross_signing_key_txn(self, txn, user_id, key_type, key):
+        """Set a user's cross-signing key.
+
+        Args:
+            txn (twisted.enterprise.adbapi.Connection): db connection
+            user_id (str): the user to set the signing key for
+            key_type (str): the type of key that is being set: either 'master'
+                for a master key, 'self_signing' for a self-signing key, or
+                'user_signing' for a user-signing key
+            key (dict): the key data
+        """
+        # the cross-signing keys need to occupy the same namespace as devices,
+        # since signatures are identified by device ID.  So add an entry to the
+        # device table to make sure that we don't have a collision with device
+        # IDs
+
+        # the 'key' dict will look something like:
+        # {
+        #   "user_id": "@alice:example.com",
+        #   "usage": ["self_signing"],
+        #   "keys": {
+        #     "ed25519:base64+self+signing+public+key": "base64+self+signing+public+key",
+        #   },
+        #   "signatures": {
+        #     "@alice:example.com": {
+        #       "ed25519:base64+master+public+key": "base64+signature"
+        #     }
+        #   }
+        # }
+        # The "keys" property must only have one entry, which will be the public
+        # key, so we just grab the first value in there
+        pubkey = next(iter(key["keys"].values()))
+        self._simple_insert(
+            "devices",
+            values={
+                "user_id": user_id,
+                "device_id": pubkey,
+                "display_name": key_type + " signing key",
+                "hidden": True,
+            },
+            desc="store_master_key_device",
+        )
+
+        # and finally, store the key itself
+        with self._cross_signing_id_gen.get_next() as stream_id:
+            self._simple_insert(
+                "e2e_cross_signing_keys",
+                values={
+                    "user_id": user_id,
+                    "keytype": key_type,
+                    "keydata": json.dumps(key),
+                    "stream_id": stream_id,
+                },
+                desc="store_master_key",
+            )
+
+    def set_e2e_cross_signing_key(self, user_id, key_type, key):
+        """Set a user's cross-signing key.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): the user to set the user-signing key for
+            key_type (str): the type of cross-signing key to set
+            key (dict): the key data
+        """
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "add_e2e_cross_signing_key",
+            self._set_e2e_cross_signing_key_txn,
+            user_id,
+            key_type,
+            key,
+        )
+
+    def _get_e2e_cross_signing_key_txn(self, txn, user_id, key_type, from_user_id=None):
+        """Returns a user's cross-signing key.
+
+        Args:
+            txn (twisted.enterprise.adbapi.Connection): db connection
+            user_id (str): the user whose key is being requested
+            key_type (str): the type of key that is being set: either 'master'
+                for a master key, 'self_signing' for a self-signing key, or
+                'user_signing' for a user-signing key
+            from_user_id (str): if specified, signatures made by this user on
+                the key will be included in the result
+
+        Returns:
+            dict of the key data or None if not found
+        """
+        sql = (
+            "SELECT keydata "
+            "  FROM e2e_cross_signing_keys "
+            " WHERE user_id = ? AND keytype = ? ORDER BY stream_id DESC LIMIT 1"
+        )
+        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, key_type))
+        row = txn.fetchone()
+        if not row:
+            return None
+        key = json.loads(row[0])
+
+        device_id = None
+        for k in key["keys"].values():
+            device_id = k
+
+        if from_user_id is not None:
+            sql = (
+                "SELECT key_id, signature "
+                "  FROM e2e_cross_signing_signatures "
+                " WHERE user_id = ? "
+                "   AND target_user_id = ? "
+                "   AND target_device_id = ? "
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, (from_user_id, user_id, device_id))
+            row = txn.fetchone()
+            if row:
+                key.setdefault("signatures", {}).setdefault(from_user_id, {})[
+                    row[0]
+                ] = row[1]
+
+        return key
+
+    def get_e2e_cross_signing_key(self, user_id, key_type, from_user_id=None):
+        """Returns a user's cross-signing key.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): the user whose self-signing key is being requested
+            key_type (str): the type of cross-signing key to get
+            from_user_id (str): if specified, signatures made by this user on
+                the self-signing key will be included in the result
+
+        Returns:
+            dict of the key data or None if not found
+        """
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_e2e_cross_signing_key",
+            self._get_e2e_cross_signing_key_txn,
+            user_id,
+            key_type,
+            from_user_id,
+        )
+
+    def store_e2e_cross_signing_signatures(self, user_id, signatures):
+        """Stores cross-signing signatures.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): the user who made the signatures
+            signatures (iterable[(str, str, str, str)]): signatures to add - each
+                a tuple of (key_id, target_user_id, target_device_id, signature),
+                where key_id is the ID of the key (including the signature
+                algorithm) that made the signature, target_user_id and
+                target_device_id indicate the device being signed, and signature
+                is the signature of the device
+        """
+        return self._simple_insert_many(
+            "e2e_cross_signing_signatures",
+            [
+                {
+                    "user_id": user_id,
+                    "key_id": key_id,
+                    "target_user_id": target_user_id,
+                    "target_device_id": target_device_id,
+                    "signature": signature,
+                }
+                for (key_id, target_user_id, target_device_id, signature) in signatures
+            ],
+            "add_e2e_signing_key",
+        )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/hidden_devices.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/hidden_devices.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..67f8b20297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/hidden_devices.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/* Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+-- device list needs to know which ones are "real" devices, and which ones are
+-- just used to avoid collisions
+ALTER TABLE devices ADD COLUMN hidden BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE;
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/signing_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/signing_keys.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27a96123e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/signing_keys.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/* Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+-- cross-signing keys
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS e2e_cross_signing_keys (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- the type of cross-signing key (master, user_signing, or self_signing)
+    keytype TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- the full key information, as a json-encoded dict
+    keydata TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- for keeping the keys in order, so that we can fetch the latest one
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_keys_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_keys(user_id, keytype, stream_id);
+
+-- cross-signing signatures
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS e2e_cross_signing_signatures (
+    -- user who did the signing
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- key used to sign
+    key_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- user who was signed
+    target_user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- device/key that was signed
+    target_device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- the actual signature
+    signature TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_signatures_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_signatures(user_id, target_user_id, target_device_id);
+
+-- stream of user signature updates
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_signature_stream (
+    -- uses the same stream ID as device list stream
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    -- user who did the signing
+    from_user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- list of users who were signed, as a JSON array
+    user_ids TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_signature_stream_idx ON user_signature_stream(stream_id);
diff --git a/synapse/types.py b/synapse/types.py
index 51eadb6ad4..00bb0743ff 100644
--- a/synapse/types.py
+++ b/synapse/types.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,6 +18,8 @@ import string
 from collections import namedtuple
 
 import attr
+from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes
+from unpaddedbase64 import decode_base64
 
 from synapse.api.errors import SynapseError
 
@@ -475,3 +478,24 @@ class ReadReceipt(object):
     user_id = attr.ib()
     event_ids = attr.ib()
     data = attr.ib()
+
+
+def get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key(key_info):
+    """Get the key ID and signedjson verify key from a cross-signing key dict
+
+    Args:
+        key_info (dict): a cross-signing key dict, which must have a "keys"
+            property that has exactly one item in it
+
+    Returns:
+        (str, VerifyKey): the key ID and verify key for the cross-signing key
+    """
+    # make sure that exactly one key is provided
+    if "keys" not in key_info:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid key")
+    keys = key_info["keys"]
+    if len(keys) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid key")
+    # and return that one key
+    for key_id, key_data in keys.items():
+        return (key_id, decode_verify_key_bytes(key_id, decode_base64(key_data)))