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-rw-r--r--changelog.d/9381.misc1
-rwxr-xr-xcontrib/cmdclient/console.py8
-rw-r--r--contrib/cmdclient/http.py21
-rw-r--r--contrib/experiments/cursesio.py3
-rw-r--r--contrib/experiments/test_messaging.py36
-rw-r--r--contrib/jitsimeetbridge/jitsimeetbridge.py15
-rw-r--r--docs/code_style.md16
-rw-r--r--scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py4
-rwxr-xr-xsetup.py2
-rw-r--r--stubs/sortedcontainers/sorteddict.pyi8
-rw-r--r--stubs/sortedcontainers/sortedlist.pyi16
-rw-r--r--synapse/api/auth.py16
-rw-r--r--synapse/api/constants.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/api/errors.py21
-rw-r--r--synapse/api/presence.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/app/_base.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/app/generic_worker.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/appservice/__init__.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/appservice/api.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/appservice/scheduler.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/_base.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/auth.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/database.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/emailconfig.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/logger.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/oidc_config.py13
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/repository.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/server.py17
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/sso.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/workers.py19
-rw-r--r--synapse/event_auth.py10
-rw-r--r--synapse/events/builder.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/events/snapshot.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/events/third_party_rules.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/events/utils.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/federation_client.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/federation_server.py21
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/persistence.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/send_queue.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/sender/__init__.py10
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/sender/transaction_manager.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/transport/client.py86
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/transport/server.py64
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/units.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/groups/attestations.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/groups/groups_server.py63
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/admin.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/appservice.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/auth.py34
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/cas_handler.py16
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/deactivate_account.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/device.py30
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/devicemessage.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py24
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/events.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/federation.py102
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/groups_local.py24
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/identity.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/initial_sync.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/message.py34
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/oidc_handler.py19
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/pagination.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/presence.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/profile.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/receipts.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/register.py28
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/room.py29
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/room_member.py27
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/room_member_worker.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/saml_handler.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/sso.py22
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/stats.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/sync.py37
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/typing.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/user_directory.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/__init__.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/client.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/federation/matrix_federation_agent.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/federation/well_known_resolver.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/matrixfederationclient.py20
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/request_metrics.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/server.py72
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/servlet.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/site.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/logging/_remote.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/logging/_structured.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/logging/context.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/logging/opentracing.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/logging/utils.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/metrics/__init__.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/metrics/_exposition.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/metrics/background_process_metrics.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/module_api/__init__.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/notifier.py30
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/emailpusher.py26
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/httppusher.py23
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/pusherpool.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/http/_base.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/http/account_data.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/http/membership.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/http/register.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/commands.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/external_cache.py10
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/handler.py30
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/protocol.py27
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/redis.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/resource.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py26
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/streams/events.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/admin/groups.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/admin/media.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/admin/rooms.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/admin/users.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/login.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/pusher.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/account.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/devices.py22
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/groups.py66
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/register.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/relations.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/media/v1/download_resource.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py26
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/media/v1/media_storage.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/media/v1/preview_url_resource.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/server_notices/resource_limits_server_notices.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/state/__init__.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/state/v1.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/state/v2.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/__init__.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/background_updates.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/database.py27
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/__init__.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/appservice.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/client_ips.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py38
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/directory.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/end_to_end_keys.py11
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py18
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py43
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py29
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/events_forward_extremities.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/events_worker.py16
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/group_server.py31
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/keys.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/media_repository.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/presence.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/profile.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/registration.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py23
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py17
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/state.py11
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/stats.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py42
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/transactions.py19
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/ui_auth.py22
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/user_directory.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/state/store.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/engines/_base.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/persist_events.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/prepare_database.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/purge_events.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/state.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/util/id_generators.py18
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/util/sequence.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/types.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/async_helpers.py13
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/caches/__init__.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py17
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/caches/stream_change_cache.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/distributor.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/file_consumer.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/iterutils.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/jsonobject.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/metrics.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/module_loader.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/patch_inline_callbacks.py17
-rw-r--r--synmark/__main__.py3
-rw-r--r--synmark/suites/logging.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/api/test_auth.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/api/test_ratelimiting.py22
-rw-r--r--tests/config/test_cache.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/crypto/test_keyring.py9
-rw-r--r--tests/events/test_snapshot.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/federation/test_complexity.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py15
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_admin.py9
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_device.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_directory.py20
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_e2e_keys.py10
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_e2e_room_keys.py42
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_federation.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_message.py13
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_oidc.py26
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_password_providers.py11
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_presence.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_profile.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_typing.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_user_directory.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/module_api/test_api.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/_base.py69
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_account_data.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_events.py13
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/tcp/test_remote_server_up.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_auth.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_client_reader_shard.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_multi_media_repo.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py21
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_sharded_event_persister.py25
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_admin.py34
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_device.py148
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_event_reports.py99
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_media.py60
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_room.py178
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_statistics.py133
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_user.py348
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/test_power_levels.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/test_redactions.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/test_retention.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/test_shadow_banned.py10
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v1/test_events.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v1/test_login.py18
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v1/test_rooms.py16
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v1/test_typing.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v1/utils.py36
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_account.py76
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_auth.py24
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_password_policy.py20
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_relations.py27
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_sync.py23
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_upgrade_room.py16
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/key/v2/test_remote_key_resource.py7
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/media/v1/test_media_storage.py14
-rw-r--r--tests/server.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/server_notices/test_resource_limits_server_notices.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/state/test_v2.py75
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_account_data.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_background_update.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_cleanup_extrems.py3
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_client_ips.py24
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_event_chain.py23
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_event_federation.py17
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_events.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_id_generators.py30
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_redaction.py9
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_registration.py10
-rw-r--r--tests/test_event_auth.py25
-rw-r--r--tests/test_mau.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/test_metrics.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/test_server.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/unittest.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/util/caches/test_deferred_cache.py5
-rw-r--r--tests/util/caches/test_descriptors.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/util/test_itertools.py12
-rw-r--r--tests/util/test_stream_change_cache.py9
-rw-r--r--tests/utils.py10
271 files changed, 2802 insertions, 1713 deletions
diff --git a/changelog.d/9381.misc b/changelog.d/9381.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5688166120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/9381.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Update the version of black used to 20.8b1.
diff --git a/contrib/cmdclient/console.py b/contrib/cmdclient/console.py
index ab1e1f1f4c..67e032244e 100755
--- a/contrib/cmdclient/console.py
+++ b/contrib/cmdclient/console.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class SynapseCmd(cmd.Cmd):
         return self.config["user"].split(":")[1]
 
     def do_config(self, line):
-        """ Show the config for this client: "config"
+        """Show the config for this client: "config"
         Edit a key value mapping: "config key value" e.g. "config token 1234"
         Config variables:
             user: The username to auth with.
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ class SynapseCmd(cmd.Cmd):
             print(e)
 
     def do_topic(self, line):
-        """"topic [set|get] <roomid> [<newtopic>]"
+        """ "topic [set|get] <roomid> [<newtopic>]"
         Set the topic for a room: topic set <roomid> <newtopic>
         Get the topic for a room: topic get <roomid>
         """
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ class SynapseCmd(cmd.Cmd):
         self._do_presence_state(2, line)
 
     def _parse(self, line, keys, force_keys=False):
-        """ Parses the given line.
+        """Parses the given line.
 
         Args:
             line : The line to parse
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ class SynapseCmd(cmd.Cmd):
         query_params={"access_token": None},
         alt_text=None,
     ):
-        """ Runs an HTTP request and pretty prints the output.
+        """Runs an HTTP request and pretty prints the output.
 
         Args:
             method: HTTP method
diff --git a/contrib/cmdclient/http.py b/contrib/cmdclient/http.py
index 345120b612..851e80c25b 100644
--- a/contrib/cmdclient/http.py
+++ b/contrib/cmdclient/http.py
@@ -23,11 +23,10 @@ from twisted.web.http_headers import Headers
 
 
 class HttpClient:
-    """ Interface for talking json over http
-    """
+    """Interface for talking json over http"""
 
     def put_json(self, url, data):
-        """ Sends the specifed json data using PUT
+        """Sends the specifed json data using PUT
 
         Args:
             url (str): The URL to PUT data to.
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ class HttpClient:
         pass
 
     def get_json(self, url, args=None):
-        """ Gets some json from the given host homeserver and path
+        """Gets some json from the given host homeserver and path
 
         Args:
             url (str): The URL to GET data from.
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ class HttpClient:
 
 
 class TwistedHttpClient(HttpClient):
-    """ Wrapper around the twisted HTTP client api.
+    """Wrapper around the twisted HTTP client api.
 
     Attributes:
         agent (twisted.web.client.Agent): The twisted Agent used to send the
@@ -87,8 +86,7 @@ class TwistedHttpClient(HttpClient):
         defer.returnValue(json.loads(body))
 
     def _create_put_request(self, url, json_data, headers_dict={}):
-        """ Wrapper of _create_request to issue a PUT request
-        """
+        """Wrapper of _create_request to issue a PUT request"""
 
         if "Content-Type" not in headers_dict:
             raise defer.error(RuntimeError("Must include Content-Type header for PUTs"))
@@ -98,8 +96,7 @@ class TwistedHttpClient(HttpClient):
         )
 
     def _create_get_request(self, url, headers_dict={}):
-        """ Wrapper of _create_request to issue a GET request
-        """
+        """Wrapper of _create_request to issue a GET request"""
         return self._create_request("GET", url, headers_dict=headers_dict)
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
@@ -127,8 +124,7 @@ class TwistedHttpClient(HttpClient):
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def _create_request(self, method, url, producer=None, headers_dict={}):
-        """ Creates and sends a request to the given url
-        """
+        """Creates and sends a request to the given url"""
         headers_dict["User-Agent"] = ["Synapse Cmd Client"]
 
         retries_left = 5
@@ -185,8 +181,7 @@ class _RawProducer:
 
 
 class _JsonProducer:
-    """ Used by the twisted http client to create the HTTP body from json
-    """
+    """Used by the twisted http client to create the HTTP body from json"""
 
     def __init__(self, jsn):
         self.data = jsn
diff --git a/contrib/experiments/cursesio.py b/contrib/experiments/cursesio.py
index 15a22c3a0e..cff73650e6 100644
--- a/contrib/experiments/cursesio.py
+++ b/contrib/experiments/cursesio.py
@@ -63,8 +63,7 @@ class CursesStdIO:
         self.redraw()
 
     def redraw(self):
-        """ method for redisplaying lines
-            based on internal list of lines """
+        """method for redisplaying lines based on internal list of lines"""
 
         self.stdscr.clear()
         self.paintStatus(self.statusText)
diff --git a/contrib/experiments/test_messaging.py b/contrib/experiments/test_messaging.py
index d4c35ff2fc..7fbc7d8fc6 100644
--- a/contrib/experiments/test_messaging.py
+++ b/contrib/experiments/test_messaging.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def excpetion_errback(failure):
 
 
 class InputOutput:
-    """ This is responsible for basic I/O so that a user can interact with
+    """This is responsible for basic I/O so that a user can interact with
     the example app.
     """
 
@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ class InputOutput:
         self.server = server
 
     def on_line(self, line):
-        """ This is where we process commands.
-        """
+        """This is where we process commands."""
 
         try:
             m = re.match(r"^join (\S+)$", line)
@@ -133,7 +132,7 @@ class IOLoggerHandler(logging.Handler):
 
 
 class Room:
-    """ Used to store (in memory) the current membership state of a room, and
+    """Used to store (in memory) the current membership state of a room, and
     which home servers we should send PDUs associated with the room to.
     """
 
@@ -148,8 +147,7 @@ class Room:
         self.have_got_metadata = False
 
     def add_participant(self, participant):
-        """ Someone has joined the room
-        """
+        """Someone has joined the room"""
         self.participants.add(participant)
         self.invited.discard(participant)
 
@@ -160,14 +158,13 @@ class Room:
             self.oldest_server = server
 
     def add_invited(self, invitee):
-        """ Someone has been invited to the room
-        """
+        """Someone has been invited to the room"""
         self.invited.add(invitee)
         self.servers.add(origin_from_ucid(invitee))
 
 
 class HomeServer(ReplicationHandler):
-    """ A very basic home server implentation that allows people to join a
+    """A very basic home server implentation that allows people to join a
     room and then invite other people.
     """
 
@@ -181,8 +178,7 @@ class HomeServer(ReplicationHandler):
         self.output = output
 
     def on_receive_pdu(self, pdu):
-        """ We just received a PDU
-        """
+        """We just received a PDU"""
         pdu_type = pdu.pdu_type
 
         if pdu_type == "sy.room.message":
@@ -199,23 +195,20 @@ class HomeServer(ReplicationHandler):
             )
 
     def _on_message(self, pdu):
-        """ We received a message
-        """
+        """We received a message"""
         self.output.print_line(
             "#%s %s %s" % (pdu.context, pdu.content["sender"], pdu.content["body"])
         )
 
     def _on_join(self, context, joinee):
-        """ Someone has joined a room, either a remote user or a local user
-        """
+        """Someone has joined a room, either a remote user or a local user"""
         room = self._get_or_create_room(context)
         room.add_participant(joinee)
 
         self.output.print_line("#%s %s %s" % (context, joinee, "*** JOINED"))
 
     def _on_invite(self, origin, context, invitee):
-        """ Someone has been invited
-        """
+        """Someone has been invited"""
         room = self._get_or_create_room(context)
         room.add_invited(invitee)
 
@@ -228,8 +221,7 @@ class HomeServer(ReplicationHandler):
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def send_message(self, room_name, sender, body):
-        """ Send a message to a room!
-        """
+        """Send a message to a room!"""
         destinations = yield self.get_servers_for_context(room_name)
 
         try:
@@ -247,8 +239,7 @@ class HomeServer(ReplicationHandler):
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def join_room(self, room_name, sender, joinee):
-        """ Join a room!
-        """
+        """Join a room!"""
         self._on_join(room_name, joinee)
 
         destinations = yield self.get_servers_for_context(room_name)
@@ -269,8 +260,7 @@ class HomeServer(ReplicationHandler):
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def invite_to_room(self, room_name, sender, invitee):
-        """ Invite someone to a room!
-        """
+        """Invite someone to a room!"""
         self._on_invite(self.server_name, room_name, invitee)
 
         destinations = yield self.get_servers_for_context(room_name)
diff --git a/contrib/jitsimeetbridge/jitsimeetbridge.py b/contrib/jitsimeetbridge/jitsimeetbridge.py
index b3de468687..495fd4e10a 100644
--- a/contrib/jitsimeetbridge/jitsimeetbridge.py
+++ b/contrib/jitsimeetbridge/jitsimeetbridge.py
@@ -193,15 +193,12 @@ class TrivialXmppClient:
         time.sleep(7)
         print("SSRC spammer started")
         while self.running:
-            ssrcMsg = (
-                "<presence to='%(tojid)s' xmlns='jabber:client'><x xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/muc'/><c xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/caps' hash='sha-1' node='http://jitsi.org/jitsimeet' ver='0WkSdhFnAUxrz4ImQQLdB80GFlE='/><nick xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/nick'>%(nick)s</nick><stats xmlns='http://jitsi.org/jitmeet/stats'><stat name='bitrate_download' value='175'/><stat name='bitrate_upload' value='176'/><stat name='packetLoss_total' value='0'/><stat name='packetLoss_download' value='0'/><stat name='packetLoss_upload' value='0'/></stats><media xmlns='http://estos.de/ns/mjs'><source type='audio' ssrc='%(assrc)s' direction='sendre'/><source type='video' ssrc='%(vssrc)s' direction='sendre'/></media></presence>"
-                % {
-                    "tojid": "%s@%s/%s" % (ROOMNAME, ROOMDOMAIN, self.shortJid),
-                    "nick": self.userId,
-                    "assrc": self.ssrcs["audio"],
-                    "vssrc": self.ssrcs["video"],
-                }
-            )
+            ssrcMsg = "<presence to='%(tojid)s' xmlns='jabber:client'><x xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/muc'/><c xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/caps' hash='sha-1' node='http://jitsi.org/jitsimeet' ver='0WkSdhFnAUxrz4ImQQLdB80GFlE='/><nick xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/nick'>%(nick)s</nick><stats xmlns='http://jitsi.org/jitmeet/stats'><stat name='bitrate_download' value='175'/><stat name='bitrate_upload' value='176'/><stat name='packetLoss_total' value='0'/><stat name='packetLoss_download' value='0'/><stat name='packetLoss_upload' value='0'/></stats><media xmlns='http://estos.de/ns/mjs'><source type='audio' ssrc='%(assrc)s' direction='sendre'/><source type='video' ssrc='%(vssrc)s' direction='sendre'/></media></presence>" % {
+                "tojid": "%s@%s/%s" % (ROOMNAME, ROOMDOMAIN, self.shortJid),
+                "nick": self.userId,
+                "assrc": self.ssrcs["audio"],
+                "vssrc": self.ssrcs["video"],
+            }
             res = self.sendIq(ssrcMsg)
             print("reply from ssrc announce: ", res)
             time.sleep(10)
diff --git a/docs/code_style.md b/docs/code_style.md
index f6c825d7d4..190f8ab2de 100644
--- a/docs/code_style.md
+++ b/docs/code_style.md
@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ errors in code.
 
 The necessary tools are detailed below.
 
+First install them with:
+
+    pip install -e ".[lint,mypy]"
+
 -   **black**
 
     The Synapse codebase uses [black](https://pypi.org/project/black/)
     as an opinionated code formatter, ensuring all comitted code is
     properly formatted.
 
-    First install `black` with:
-
-        pip install --upgrade black
-
     Have `black` auto-format your code (it shouldn't change any
     functionality) with:
 
@@ -28,10 +28,6 @@ The necessary tools are detailed below.
     `flake8` is a code checking tool. We require code to pass `flake8`
     before being merged into the codebase.
 
-    Install `flake8` with:
-
-        pip install --upgrade flake8 flake8-comprehensions
-
     Check all application and test code with:
 
         flake8 synapse tests
@@ -41,10 +37,6 @@ The necessary tools are detailed below.
     `isort` ensures imports are nicely formatted, and can suggest and
     auto-fix issues such as double-importing.
 
-    Install `isort` with:
-
-        pip install --upgrade isort
-
     Auto-fix imports with:
 
         isort -rc synapse tests
diff --git a/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py b/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py
index f7f18805e4..18df68305b 100644
--- a/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py
+++ b/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py
@@ -87,7 +87,9 @@ def cached_function_method_signature(ctx: MethodSigContext) -> CallableType:
     arg_kinds.append(ARG_NAMED_OPT)  # Arg is an optional kwarg.
 
     signature = signature.copy_modified(
-        arg_types=arg_types, arg_names=arg_names, arg_kinds=arg_kinds,
+        arg_types=arg_types,
+        arg_names=arg_names,
+        arg_kinds=arg_kinds,
     )
 
     return signature
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 99425d52de..08ba4eb764 100755
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ CONDITIONAL_REQUIREMENTS["all"] = list(ALL_OPTIONAL_REQUIREMENTS)
 # We pin black so that our tests don't start failing on new releases.
 CONDITIONAL_REQUIREMENTS["lint"] = [
     "isort==5.7.0",
-    "black==19.10b0",
+    "black==20.8b1",
     "flake8-comprehensions",
     "flake8",
 ]
diff --git a/stubs/sortedcontainers/sorteddict.pyi b/stubs/sortedcontainers/sorteddict.pyi
index 7b9fd079d9..0eaef00498 100644
--- a/stubs/sortedcontainers/sorteddict.pyi
+++ b/stubs/sortedcontainers/sorteddict.pyi
@@ -89,12 +89,16 @@ class SortedDict(Dict[_KT, _VT]):
     def __reduce__(
         self,
     ) -> Tuple[
-        Type[SortedDict[_KT, _VT]], Tuple[Callable[[_KT], Any], List[Tuple[_KT, _VT]]],
+        Type[SortedDict[_KT, _VT]],
+        Tuple[Callable[[_KT], Any], List[Tuple[_KT, _VT]]],
     ]: ...
     def __repr__(self) -> str: ...
     def _check(self) -> None: ...
     def islice(
-        self, start: Optional[int] = ..., stop: Optional[int] = ..., reverse=bool,
+        self,
+        start: Optional[int] = ...,
+        stop: Optional[int] = ...,
+        reverse=bool,
     ) -> Iterator[_KT]: ...
     def bisect_left(self, value: _KT) -> int: ...
     def bisect_right(self, value: _KT) -> int: ...
diff --git a/stubs/sortedcontainers/sortedlist.pyi b/stubs/sortedcontainers/sortedlist.pyi
index 8f6086b3ff..f80a3a72ce 100644
--- a/stubs/sortedcontainers/sortedlist.pyi
+++ b/stubs/sortedcontainers/sortedlist.pyi
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ class SortedList(MutableSequence[_T]):
 
     DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR: int = ...
     def __init__(
-        self, iterable: Optional[Iterable[_T]] = ..., key: Optional[_Key[_T]] = ...,
+        self,
+        iterable: Optional[Iterable[_T]] = ...,
+        key: Optional[_Key[_T]] = ...,
     ): ...
     # NB: currently mypy does not honour return type, see mypy #3307
     @overload
@@ -76,10 +78,18 @@ class SortedList(MutableSequence[_T]):
     def __len__(self) -> int: ...
     def reverse(self) -> None: ...
     def islice(
-        self, start: Optional[int] = ..., stop: Optional[int] = ..., reverse=bool,
+        self,
+        start: Optional[int] = ...,
+        stop: Optional[int] = ...,
+        reverse=bool,
     ) -> Iterator[_T]: ...
     def _islice(
-        self, min_pos: int, min_idx: int, max_pos: int, max_idx: int, reverse: bool,
+        self,
+        min_pos: int,
+        min_idx: int,
+        max_pos: int,
+        max_idx: int,
+        reverse: bool,
     ) -> Iterator[_T]: ...
     def irange(
         self,
diff --git a/synapse/api/auth.py b/synapse/api/auth.py
index 67ecbd32ff..89e62b0e36 100644
--- a/synapse/api/auth.py
+++ b/synapse/api/auth.py
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class Auth:
         rights: str = "access",
         allow_expired: bool = False,
     ) -> synapse.types.Requester:
-        """ Get a registered user's ID.
+        """Get a registered user's ID.
 
         Args:
             request: An HTTP request with an access_token query parameter.
@@ -294,9 +294,12 @@ class Auth:
         return user_id, app_service
 
     async def get_user_by_access_token(
-        self, token: str, rights: str = "access", allow_expired: bool = False,
+        self,
+        token: str,
+        rights: str = "access",
+        allow_expired: bool = False,
     ) -> TokenLookupResult:
-        """ Validate access token and get user_id from it
+        """Validate access token and get user_id from it
 
         Args:
             token: The access token to get the user by
@@ -489,7 +492,7 @@ class Auth:
         return service
 
     async def is_server_admin(self, user: UserID) -> bool:
-        """ Check if the given user is a local server admin.
+        """Check if the given user is a local server admin.
 
         Args:
             user: user to check
@@ -500,7 +503,10 @@ class Auth:
         return await self.store.is_server_admin(user)
 
     def compute_auth_events(
-        self, event, current_state_ids: StateMap[str], for_verification: bool = False,
+        self,
+        event,
+        current_state_ids: StateMap[str],
+        for_verification: bool = False,
     ) -> List[str]:
         """Given an event and current state return the list of event IDs used
         to auth an event.
diff --git a/synapse/api/constants.py b/synapse/api/constants.py
index 565a8cd76a..e6ea95ba33 100644
--- a/synapse/api/constants.py
+++ b/synapse/api/constants.py
@@ -128,8 +128,7 @@ class UserTypes:
 
 
 class RelationTypes:
-    """The types of relations known to this server.
-    """
+    """The types of relations known to this server."""
 
     ANNOTATION = "m.annotation"
     REPLACE = "m.replace"
diff --git a/synapse/api/errors.py b/synapse/api/errors.py
index cd6670d0a2..2a789ea3e8 100644
--- a/synapse/api/errors.py
+++ b/synapse/api/errors.py
@@ -390,8 +390,7 @@ class InvalidCaptchaError(SynapseError):
 
 
 class LimitExceededError(SynapseError):
-    """A client has sent too many requests and is being throttled.
-    """
+    """A client has sent too many requests and is being throttled."""
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -408,8 +407,7 @@ class LimitExceededError(SynapseError):
 
 
 class RoomKeysVersionError(SynapseError):
-    """A client has tried to upload to a non-current version of the room_keys store
-    """
+    """A client has tried to upload to a non-current version of the room_keys store"""
 
     def __init__(self, current_version: str):
         """
@@ -426,7 +424,9 @@ class UnsupportedRoomVersionError(SynapseError):
 
     def __init__(self, msg: str = "Homeserver does not support this room version"):
         super().__init__(
-            code=400, msg=msg, errcode=Codes.UNSUPPORTED_ROOM_VERSION,
+            code=400,
+            msg=msg,
+            errcode=Codes.UNSUPPORTED_ROOM_VERSION,
         )
 
 
@@ -461,8 +461,7 @@ class IncompatibleRoomVersionError(SynapseError):
 
 
 class PasswordRefusedError(SynapseError):
-    """A password has been refused, either during password reset/change or registration.
-    """
+    """A password has been refused, either during password reset/change or registration."""
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -470,7 +469,9 @@ class PasswordRefusedError(SynapseError):
         errcode: str = Codes.WEAK_PASSWORD,
     ):
         super().__init__(
-            code=400, msg=msg, errcode=errcode,
+            code=400,
+            msg=msg,
+            errcode=errcode,
         )
 
 
@@ -493,7 +494,7 @@ class RequestSendFailed(RuntimeError):
 
 
 def cs_error(msg: str, code: str = Codes.UNKNOWN, **kwargs):
-    """ Utility method for constructing an error response for client-server
+    """Utility method for constructing an error response for client-server
     interactions.
 
     Args:
@@ -510,7 +511,7 @@ def cs_error(msg: str, code: str = Codes.UNKNOWN, **kwargs):
 
 
 class FederationError(RuntimeError):
-    """  This class is used to inform remote homeservers about erroneous
+    """This class is used to inform remote homeservers about erroneous
     PDUs they sent us.
 
     FATAL: The remote server could not interpret the source event.
diff --git a/synapse/api/presence.py b/synapse/api/presence.py
index 18a462f0ee..b9a8e29460 100644
--- a/synapse/api/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/api/presence.py
@@ -56,8 +56,7 @@ class UserPresenceState(
 
     @classmethod
     def default(cls, user_id):
-        """Returns a default presence state.
-        """
+        """Returns a default presence state."""
         return cls(
             user_id=user_id,
             state=PresenceState.OFFLINE,
diff --git a/synapse/app/_base.py b/synapse/app/_base.py
index 9840a9d55b..43b1f1e94b 100644
--- a/synapse/app/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/app/_base.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def register_sighup(func, *args, **kwargs):
 
 
 def start_worker_reactor(appname, config, run_command=reactor.run):
-    """ Run the reactor in the main process
+    """Run the reactor in the main process
 
     Daemonizes if necessary, and then configures some resources, before starting
     the reactor. Pulls configuration from the 'worker' settings in 'config'.
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def start_reactor(
     logger,
     run_command=reactor.run,
 ):
-    """ Run the reactor in the main process
+    """Run the reactor in the main process
 
     Daemonizes if necessary, and then configures some resources, before starting
     the reactor
@@ -313,9 +313,7 @@ async def start(hs: "synapse.server.HomeServer", listeners: Iterable[ListenerCon
     refresh_certificate(hs)
 
     # Start the tracer
-    synapse.logging.opentracing.init_tracer(  # type: ignore[attr-defined] # noqa
-        hs
-    )
+    synapse.logging.opentracing.init_tracer(hs)  # type: ignore[attr-defined] # noqa
 
     # It is now safe to start your Synapse.
     hs.start_listening(listeners)
@@ -370,8 +368,7 @@ def setup_sentry(hs):
 
 
 def setup_sdnotify(hs):
-    """Adds process state hooks to tell systemd what we are up to.
-    """
+    """Adds process state hooks to tell systemd what we are up to."""
 
     # Tell systemd our state, if we're using it. This will silently fail if
     # we're not using systemd.
@@ -405,8 +402,7 @@ def install_dns_limiter(reactor, max_dns_requests_in_flight=100):
 
 
 class _LimitedHostnameResolver:
-    """Wraps a IHostnameResolver, limiting the number of in-flight DNS lookups.
-    """
+    """Wraps a IHostnameResolver, limiting the number of in-flight DNS lookups."""
 
     def __init__(self, resolver, max_dns_requests_in_flight):
         self._resolver = resolver
diff --git a/synapse/app/generic_worker.py b/synapse/app/generic_worker.py
index 516f2464b4..6526acb2f2 100644
--- a/synapse/app/generic_worker.py
+++ b/synapse/app/generic_worker.py
@@ -421,8 +421,7 @@ class GenericWorkerPresence(BasePresenceHandler):
         ]
 
     async def set_state(self, target_user, state, ignore_status_msg=False):
-        """Set the presence state of the user.
-        """
+        """Set the presence state of the user."""
         presence = state["presence"]
 
         valid_presence = (
diff --git a/synapse/appservice/__init__.py b/synapse/appservice/__init__.py
index 3944780a42..0bfc5e445f 100644
--- a/synapse/appservice/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/appservice/__init__.py
@@ -166,7 +166,10 @@ class ApplicationService:
 
     @cached(num_args=1, cache_context=True)
     async def matches_user_in_member_list(
-        self, room_id: str, store: "DataStore", cache_context: _CacheContext,
+        self,
+        room_id: str,
+        store: "DataStore",
+        cache_context: _CacheContext,
     ) -> bool:
         """Check if this service is interested a room based upon it's membership
 
diff --git a/synapse/appservice/api.py b/synapse/appservice/api.py
index 11aee50f7a..93c2aabcca 100644
--- a/synapse/appservice/api.py
+++ b/synapse/appservice/api.py
@@ -227,7 +227,9 @@ class ApplicationServiceApi(SimpleHttpClient):
 
         try:
             await self.put_json(
-                uri=uri, json_body=body, args={"access_token": service.hs_token},
+                uri=uri,
+                json_body=body,
+                args={"access_token": service.hs_token},
             )
             sent_transactions_counter.labels(service.id).inc()
             sent_events_counter.labels(service.id).inc(len(events))
diff --git a/synapse/appservice/scheduler.py b/synapse/appservice/scheduler.py
index 58291afc22..366c476f80 100644
--- a/synapse/appservice/scheduler.py
+++ b/synapse/appservice/scheduler.py
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ MAX_EPHEMERAL_EVENTS_PER_TRANSACTION = 100
 
 
 class ApplicationServiceScheduler:
-    """ Public facing API for this module. Does the required DI to tie the
+    """Public facing API for this module. Does the required DI to tie the
     components together. This also serves as the "event_pool", which in this
     case is a simple array.
     """
diff --git a/synapse/config/_base.py b/synapse/config/_base.py
index a851f8801d..97399eb9ba 100644
--- a/synapse/config/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/config/_base.py
@@ -224,7 +224,9 @@ class Config:
         return self.read_templates([filename])[0]
 
     def read_templates(
-        self, filenames: List[str], custom_template_directory: Optional[str] = None,
+        self,
+        filenames: List[str],
+        custom_template_directory: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> List[jinja2.Template]:
         """Load a list of template files from disk using the given variables.
 
@@ -264,7 +266,10 @@ class Config:
 
         # TODO: switch to synapse.util.templates.build_jinja_env
         loader = jinja2.FileSystemLoader(search_directories)
-        env = jinja2.Environment(loader=loader, autoescape=jinja2.select_autoescape(),)
+        env = jinja2.Environment(
+            loader=loader,
+            autoescape=jinja2.select_autoescape(),
+        )
 
         # Update the environment with our custom filters
         env.filters.update(
@@ -825,8 +830,7 @@ class ShardedWorkerHandlingConfig:
     instances = attr.ib(type=List[str])
 
     def should_handle(self, instance_name: str, key: str) -> bool:
-        """Whether this instance is responsible for handling the given key.
-        """
+        """Whether this instance is responsible for handling the given key."""
         # If multiple instances are not defined we always return true
         if not self.instances or len(self.instances) == 1:
             return True
diff --git a/synapse/config/auth.py b/synapse/config/auth.py
index 1f4c090cde..7fa64b821a 100644
--- a/synapse/config/auth.py
+++ b/synapse/config/auth.py
@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ from ._base import Config
 
 
 class AuthConfig(Config):
-    """Password and login configuration
-    """
+    """Password and login configuration"""
 
     section = "auth"
 
diff --git a/synapse/config/database.py b/synapse/config/database.py
index 8a18a9ca2a..e7889b9c20 100644
--- a/synapse/config/database.py
+++ b/synapse/config/database.py
@@ -207,8 +207,7 @@ class DatabaseConfig(Config):
         )
 
     def get_single_database(self) -> DatabaseConnectionConfig:
-        """Returns the database if there is only one, useful for e.g. tests
-        """
+        """Returns the database if there is only one, useful for e.g. tests"""
         if not self.databases:
             raise Exception("More than one database exists")
 
diff --git a/synapse/config/emailconfig.py b/synapse/config/emailconfig.py
index d4328c46b9..52505ac5d2 100644
--- a/synapse/config/emailconfig.py
+++ b/synapse/config/emailconfig.py
@@ -289,7 +289,8 @@ class EmailConfig(Config):
                 self.email_notif_template_html,
                 self.email_notif_template_text,
             ) = self.read_templates(
-                [notif_template_html, notif_template_text], template_dir,
+                [notif_template_html, notif_template_text],
+                template_dir,
             )
 
             self.email_notif_for_new_users = email_config.get(
@@ -311,7 +312,8 @@ class EmailConfig(Config):
                 self.account_validity_template_html,
                 self.account_validity_template_text,
             ) = self.read_templates(
-                [expiry_template_html, expiry_template_text], template_dir,
+                [expiry_template_html, expiry_template_text],
+                template_dir,
             )
 
         subjects_config = email_config.get("subjects", {})
diff --git a/synapse/config/logger.py b/synapse/config/logger.py
index 4df3f93c1c..e56cf846f5 100644
--- a/synapse/config/logger.py
+++ b/synapse/config/logger.py
@@ -162,7 +162,10 @@ class LoggingConfig(Config):
         )
 
         logging_group.add_argument(
-            "-f", "--log-file", dest="log_file", help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
+            "-f",
+            "--log-file",
+            dest="log_file",
+            help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
         )
 
     def generate_files(self, config, config_dir_path):
diff --git a/synapse/config/oidc_config.py b/synapse/config/oidc_config.py
index d081f36fa5..a27594befc 100644
--- a/synapse/config/oidc_config.py
+++ b/synapse/config/oidc_config.py
@@ -355,9 +355,10 @@ def _parse_oidc_config_dict(
     ump_config.setdefault("module", DEFAULT_USER_MAPPING_PROVIDER)
     ump_config.setdefault("config", {})
 
-    (user_mapping_provider_class, user_mapping_provider_config,) = load_module(
-        ump_config, config_path + ("user_mapping_provider",)
-    )
+    (
+        user_mapping_provider_class,
+        user_mapping_provider_config,
+    ) = load_module(ump_config, config_path + ("user_mapping_provider",))
 
     # Ensure loaded user mapping module has defined all necessary methods
     required_methods = [
@@ -372,7 +373,11 @@ def _parse_oidc_config_dict(
     if missing_methods:
         raise ConfigError(
             "Class %s is missing required "
-            "methods: %s" % (user_mapping_provider_class, ", ".join(missing_methods),),
+            "methods: %s"
+            % (
+                user_mapping_provider_class,
+                ", ".join(missing_methods),
+            ),
             config_path + ("user_mapping_provider", "module"),
         )
 
diff --git a/synapse/config/repository.py b/synapse/config/repository.py
index fcaea8fb93..52849c3256 100644
--- a/synapse/config/repository.py
+++ b/synapse/config/repository.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ MediaStorageProviderConfig = namedtuple(
 
 
 def parse_thumbnail_requirements(thumbnail_sizes):
-    """ Takes a list of dictionaries with "width", "height", and "method" keys
+    """Takes a list of dictionaries with "width", "height", and "method" keys
     and creates a map from image media types to the thumbnail size, thumbnailing
     method, and thumbnail media type to precalculate
 
diff --git a/synapse/config/server.py b/synapse/config/server.py
index a635b8a7dc..6f3325ff81 100644
--- a/synapse/config/server.py
+++ b/synapse/config/server.py
@@ -52,7 +52,12 @@ def _6to4(network: IPNetwork) -> IPNetwork:
     hex_network = hex(network.first)[2:]
     hex_network = ("0" * (8 - len(hex_network))) + hex_network
     return IPNetwork(
-        "2002:%s:%s::/%d" % (hex_network[:4], hex_network[4:], 16 + network.prefixlen,)
+        "2002:%s:%s::/%d"
+        % (
+            hex_network[:4],
+            hex_network[4:],
+            16 + network.prefixlen,
+        )
     )
 
 
@@ -254,7 +259,8 @@ class ServerConfig(Config):
         # Whether to require sharing a room with a user to retrieve their
         # profile data
         self.limit_profile_requests_to_users_who_share_rooms = config.get(
-            "limit_profile_requests_to_users_who_share_rooms", False,
+            "limit_profile_requests_to_users_who_share_rooms",
+            False,
         )
 
         if "restrict_public_rooms_to_local_users" in config and (
@@ -614,7 +620,9 @@ class ServerConfig(Config):
         if manhole:
             self.listeners.append(
                 ListenerConfig(
-                    port=manhole, bind_addresses=["127.0.0.1"], type="manhole",
+                    port=manhole,
+                    bind_addresses=["127.0.0.1"],
+                    type="manhole",
                 )
             )
 
@@ -650,7 +658,8 @@ class ServerConfig(Config):
         # and letting the client know which email address is bound to an account and
         # which one isn't.
         self.request_token_inhibit_3pid_errors = config.get(
-            "request_token_inhibit_3pid_errors", False,
+            "request_token_inhibit_3pid_errors",
+            False,
         )
 
         # List of users trialing the new experimental default push rules. This setting is
diff --git a/synapse/config/sso.py b/synapse/config/sso.py
index 07ba217f89..243cc681e8 100644
--- a/synapse/config/sso.py
+++ b/synapse/config/sso.py
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ class SsoAttributeRequirement:
 
 
 class SSOConfig(Config):
-    """SSO Configuration
-    """
+    """SSO Configuration"""
 
     section = "sso"
 
diff --git a/synapse/config/workers.py b/synapse/config/workers.py
index f10e33f7b8..7a0ca16da8 100644
--- a/synapse/config/workers.py
+++ b/synapse/config/workers.py
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ def _instance_to_list_converter(obj: Union[str, List[str]]) -> List[str]:
 
 @attr.s
 class InstanceLocationConfig:
-    """The host and port to talk to an instance via HTTP replication.
-    """
+    """The host and port to talk to an instance via HTTP replication."""
 
     host = attr.ib(type=str)
     port = attr.ib(type=int)
@@ -54,13 +53,19 @@ class WriterLocations:
     )
     typing = attr.ib(default="master", type=str)
     to_device = attr.ib(
-        default=["master"], type=List[str], converter=_instance_to_list_converter,
+        default=["master"],
+        type=List[str],
+        converter=_instance_to_list_converter,
     )
     account_data = attr.ib(
-        default=["master"], type=List[str], converter=_instance_to_list_converter,
+        default=["master"],
+        type=List[str],
+        converter=_instance_to_list_converter,
     )
     receipts = attr.ib(
-        default=["master"], type=List[str], converter=_instance_to_list_converter,
+        default=["master"],
+        type=List[str],
+        converter=_instance_to_list_converter,
     )
 
 
@@ -107,7 +112,9 @@ class WorkerConfig(Config):
         if manhole:
             self.worker_listeners.append(
                 ListenerConfig(
-                    port=manhole, bind_addresses=["127.0.0.1"], type="manhole",
+                    port=manhole,
+                    bind_addresses=["127.0.0.1"],
+                    type="manhole",
                 )
             )
 
diff --git a/synapse/event_auth.py b/synapse/event_auth.py
index 56f8dc9caf..91ad5b3d3c 100644
--- a/synapse/event_auth.py
+++ b/synapse/event_auth.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def check(
     do_sig_check: bool = True,
     do_size_check: bool = True,
 ) -> None:
-    """ Checks if this event is correctly authed.
+    """Checks if this event is correctly authed.
 
     Args:
         room_version_obj: the version of the room
@@ -423,7 +423,9 @@ def _can_send_event(event: EventBase, auth_events: StateMap[EventBase]) -> bool:
 
 
 def check_redaction(
-    room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: EventBase, auth_events: StateMap[EventBase],
+    room_version_obj: RoomVersion,
+    event: EventBase,
+    auth_events: StateMap[EventBase],
 ) -> bool:
     """Check whether the event sender is allowed to redact the target event.
 
@@ -459,7 +461,9 @@ def check_redaction(
 
 
 def _check_power_levels(
-    room_version_obj: RoomVersion, event: EventBase, auth_events: StateMap[EventBase],
+    room_version_obj: RoomVersion,
+    event: EventBase,
+    auth_events: StateMap[EventBase],
 ) -> None:
     user_list = event.content.get("users", {})
     # Validate users
diff --git a/synapse/events/builder.py b/synapse/events/builder.py
index 07df258e6e..c1c0426f6e 100644
--- a/synapse/events/builder.py
+++ b/synapse/events/builder.py
@@ -98,7 +98,9 @@ class EventBuilder:
         return self._state_key is not None
 
     async def build(
-        self, prev_event_ids: List[str], auth_event_ids: Optional[List[str]],
+        self,
+        prev_event_ids: List[str],
+        auth_event_ids: Optional[List[str]],
     ) -> EventBase:
         """Transform into a fully signed and hashed event
 
diff --git a/synapse/events/snapshot.py b/synapse/events/snapshot.py
index afecafe15c..7295df74fe 100644
--- a/synapse/events/snapshot.py
+++ b/synapse/events/snapshot.py
@@ -341,8 +341,7 @@ def _encode_state_dict(state_dict):
 
 
 def _decode_state_dict(input):
-    """Decodes a state dict encoded using `_encode_state_dict` above
-    """
+    """Decodes a state dict encoded using `_encode_state_dict` above"""
     if input is None:
         return None
 
diff --git a/synapse/events/third_party_rules.py b/synapse/events/third_party_rules.py
index 77fbd3f68a..02bce8b5c9 100644
--- a/synapse/events/third_party_rules.py
+++ b/synapse/events/third_party_rules.py
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ class ThirdPartyEventRules:
 
         if module is not None:
             self.third_party_rules = module(
-                config=config, module_api=hs.get_module_api(),
+                config=config,
+                module_api=hs.get_module_api(),
             )
 
     async def check_event_allowed(
diff --git a/synapse/events/utils.py b/synapse/events/utils.py
index 9c22e33813..7ca5c9940a 100644
--- a/synapse/events/utils.py
+++ b/synapse/events/utils.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ SPLIT_FIELD_REGEX = re.compile(r"(?<!\\)\.")
 
 
 def prune_event(event: EventBase) -> EventBase:
-    """ Returns a pruned version of the given event, which removes all keys we
+    """Returns a pruned version of the given event, which removes all keys we
     don't know about or think could potentially be dodgy.
 
     This is used when we "redact" an event. We want to remove all fields that
diff --git a/synapse/federation/federation_client.py b/synapse/federation/federation_client.py
index 40e1451201..bee81fc019 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/federation_client.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/federation_client.py
@@ -750,7 +750,11 @@ class FederationClient(FederationBase):
         return resp[1]
 
     async def send_invite(
-        self, destination: str, room_id: str, event_id: str, pdu: EventBase,
+        self,
+        destination: str,
+        room_id: str,
+        event_id: str,
+        pdu: EventBase,
     ) -> EventBase:
         room_version = await self.store.get_room_version(room_id)
 
diff --git a/synapse/federation/federation_server.py b/synapse/federation/federation_server.py
index 171d25c945..8d4bb621e7 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/federation_server.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/federation_server.py
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ received_queries_counter = Counter(
 )
 
 pdu_process_time = Histogram(
-    "synapse_federation_server_pdu_process_time", "Time taken to process an event",
+    "synapse_federation_server_pdu_process_time",
+    "Time taken to process an event",
 )
 
 
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
     async def _handle_incoming_transaction(
         self, origin: str, transaction: Transaction, request_time: int
     ) -> Tuple[int, Dict[str, Any]]:
-        """ Process an incoming transaction and return the HTTP response
+        """Process an incoming transaction and return the HTTP response
 
         Args:
             origin: the server making the request
@@ -373,8 +374,7 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
         return pdu_results
 
     async def _handle_edus_in_txn(self, origin: str, transaction: Transaction):
-        """Process the EDUs in a received transaction.
-        """
+        """Process the EDUs in a received transaction."""
 
         async def _process_edu(edu_dict):
             received_edus_counter.inc()
@@ -437,7 +437,10 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
             raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
 
         resp = await self._state_ids_resp_cache.wrap(
-            (room_id, event_id), self._on_state_ids_request_compute, room_id, event_id,
+            (room_id, event_id),
+            self._on_state_ids_request_compute,
+            room_id,
+            event_id,
         )
 
         return 200, resp
@@ -679,7 +682,7 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
         )
 
     async def _handle_received_pdu(self, origin: str, pdu: EventBase) -> None:
-        """ Process a PDU received in a federation /send/ transaction.
+        """Process a PDU received in a federation /send/ transaction.
 
         If the event is invalid, then this method throws a FederationError.
         (The error will then be logged and sent back to the sender (which
@@ -906,13 +909,11 @@ class FederationHandlerRegistry:
         self.query_handlers[query_type] = handler
 
     def register_instance_for_edu(self, edu_type: str, instance_name: str):
-        """Register that the EDU handler is on a different instance than master.
-        """
+        """Register that the EDU handler is on a different instance than master."""
         self._edu_type_to_instance[edu_type] = [instance_name]
 
     def register_instances_for_edu(self, edu_type: str, instance_names: List[str]):
-        """Register that the EDU handler is on multiple instances.
-        """
+        """Register that the EDU handler is on multiple instances."""
         self._edu_type_to_instance[edu_type] = instance_names
 
     async def on_edu(self, edu_type: str, origin: str, content: dict):
diff --git a/synapse/federation/persistence.py b/synapse/federation/persistence.py
index 079e2b2fe0..ce5fc758f0 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/persistence.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/persistence.py
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class TransactionActions:
-    """ Defines persistence actions that relate to handling Transactions.
-    """
+    """Defines persistence actions that relate to handling Transactions."""
 
     def __init__(self, datastore):
         self.store = datastore
@@ -57,8 +56,7 @@ class TransactionActions:
     async def set_response(
         self, origin: str, transaction: Transaction, code: int, response: JsonDict
     ) -> None:
-        """Persist how we responded to a transaction.
-        """
+        """Persist how we responded to a transaction."""
         transaction_id = transaction.transaction_id  # type: ignore
         if not transaction_id:
             raise RuntimeError("Cannot persist a transaction with no transaction_id")
diff --git a/synapse/federation/send_queue.py b/synapse/federation/send_queue.py
index 5f1bf492c1..3e993b428b 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/send_queue.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/send_queue.py
@@ -468,8 +468,7 @@ class KeyedEduRow(
 
 
 class EduRow(BaseFederationRow, namedtuple("EduRow", ("edu",))):  # Edu
-    """Streams EDUs that don't have keys. See KeyedEduRow
-    """
+    """Streams EDUs that don't have keys. See KeyedEduRow"""
 
     TypeId = "e"
 
@@ -519,7 +518,10 @@ def process_rows_for_federation(transaction_queue, rows):
     # them into the appropriate collection and then send them off.
 
     buff = ParsedFederationStreamData(
-        presence=[], presence_destinations=[], keyed_edus={}, edus={},
+        presence=[],
+        presence_destinations=[],
+        keyed_edus={},
+        edus={},
     )
 
     # Parse the rows in the stream and add to the buffer
diff --git a/synapse/federation/sender/__init__.py b/synapse/federation/sender/__init__.py
index 643b26ae6d..97fc4d0a82 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/sender/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/sender/__init__.py
@@ -328,7 +328,9 @@ class FederationSender:
         # to allow us to perform catch-up later on if the remote is unreachable
         # for a while.
         await self.store.store_destination_rooms_entries(
-            destinations, pdu.room_id, pdu.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
+            destinations,
+            pdu.room_id,
+            pdu.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
         )
 
         for destination in destinations:
@@ -475,7 +477,7 @@ class FederationSender:
         self, states: List[UserPresenceState], destinations: List[str]
     ) -> None:
         """Send the given presence states to the given destinations.
-            destinations (list[str])
+        destinations (list[str])
         """
 
         if not states or not self.hs.config.use_presence:
@@ -616,8 +618,8 @@ class FederationSender:
         last_processed = None  # type: Optional[str]
 
         while True:
-            destinations_to_wake = await self.store.get_catch_up_outstanding_destinations(
-                last_processed
+            destinations_to_wake = (
+                await self.store.get_catch_up_outstanding_destinations(last_processed)
             )
 
             if not destinations_to_wake:
diff --git a/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py b/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py
index db8e456fe8..deb519f3ef 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ class PerDestinationQueue:
             # processing. We have a guard in `attempt_new_transaction` that
             # ensure we don't start sending stuff.
             logger.error(
-                "Create a per destination queue for %s on wrong worker", destination,
+                "Create a per destination queue for %s on wrong worker",
+                destination,
             )
             self._should_send_on_this_instance = False
 
@@ -440,8 +441,10 @@ class PerDestinationQueue:
 
         if first_catch_up_check:
             # first catchup so get last_successful_stream_ordering from database
-            self._last_successful_stream_ordering = await self._store.get_destination_last_successful_stream_ordering(
-                self._destination
+            self._last_successful_stream_ordering = (
+                await self._store.get_destination_last_successful_stream_ordering(
+                    self._destination
+                )
             )
 
         if self._last_successful_stream_ordering is None:
@@ -457,7 +460,8 @@ class PerDestinationQueue:
         # get at most 50 catchup room/PDUs
         while True:
             event_ids = await self._store.get_catch_up_room_event_ids(
-                self._destination, self._last_successful_stream_ordering,
+                self._destination,
+                self._last_successful_stream_ordering,
             )
 
             if not event_ids:
diff --git a/synapse/federation/sender/transaction_manager.py b/synapse/federation/sender/transaction_manager.py
index 3e07f925e0..763aff296c 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/sender/transaction_manager.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/sender/transaction_manager.py
@@ -65,7 +65,10 @@ class TransactionManager:
 
     @measure_func("_send_new_transaction")
     async def send_new_transaction(
-        self, destination: str, pdus: List[EventBase], edus: List[Edu],
+        self,
+        destination: str,
+        pdus: List[EventBase],
+        edus: List[Edu],
     ) -> bool:
         """
         Args:
diff --git a/synapse/federation/transport/client.py b/synapse/federation/transport/client.py
index abe9168c78..10c4747f97 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/transport/client.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/transport/client.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_room_state_ids(self, destination, room_id, event_id):
-        """ Requests all state for a given room from the given server at the
+        """Requests all state for a given room from the given server at the
         given event. Returns the state's event_id's
 
         Args:
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_event(self, destination, event_id, timeout=None):
-        """ Requests the pdu with give id and origin from the given server.
+        """Requests the pdu with give id and origin from the given server.
 
         Args:
             destination (str): The host name of the remote homeserver we want
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def backfill(self, destination, room_id, event_tuples, limit):
-        """ Requests `limit` previous PDUs in a given context before list of
+        """Requests `limit` previous PDUs in a given context before list of
         PDUs.
 
         Args:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     async def send_transaction(self, transaction, json_data_callback=None):
-        """ Sends the given Transaction to its destination
+        """Sends the given Transaction to its destination
 
         Args:
             transaction (Transaction)
@@ -551,8 +551,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_group_profile(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get a group profile
-        """
+        """Get a group profile"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/profile", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -584,8 +583,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_group_summary(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get a group summary
-        """
+        """Get a group summary"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/summary", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -597,8 +595,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_rooms_in_group(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get all rooms in a group
-        """
+        """Get all rooms in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/rooms", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -611,8 +608,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def add_room_to_group(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id, content
     ):
-        """Add a room to a group
-        """
+        """Add a room to a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/room/%s", group_id, room_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -626,8 +622,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def update_room_in_group(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id, config_key, content
     ):
-        """Update room in group
-        """
+        """Update room in group"""
         path = _create_v1_path(
             "/groups/%s/room/%s/config/%s", group_id, room_id, config_key
         )
@@ -641,8 +636,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
         )
 
     def remove_room_from_group(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id):
-        """Remove a room from a group
-        """
+        """Remove a room from a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/room/%s", group_id, room_id)
 
         return self.client.delete_json(
@@ -654,8 +648,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_users_in_group(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get users in a group
-        """
+        """Get users in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/users", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -667,8 +660,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_invited_users_in_group(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get users that have been invited to a group
-        """
+        """Get users that have been invited to a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/invited_users", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -680,8 +672,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def accept_group_invite(self, destination, group_id, user_id, content):
-        """Accept a group invite
-        """
+        """Accept a group invite"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/users/%s/accept_invite", group_id, user_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -690,8 +681,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def join_group(self, destination, group_id, user_id, content):
-        """Attempts to join a group
-        """
+        """Attempts to join a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/users/%s/join", group_id, user_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -702,8 +692,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def invite_to_group(
         self, destination, group_id, user_id, requester_user_id, content
     ):
-        """Invite a user to a group
-        """
+        """Invite a user to a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/users/%s/invite", group_id, user_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -730,8 +719,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def remove_user_from_group(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, user_id, content
     ):
-        """Remove a user from a group
-        """
+        """Remove a user from a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/users/%s/remove", group_id, user_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -772,8 +760,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def update_group_summary_room(
         self, destination, group_id, user_id, room_id, category_id, content
     ):
-        """Update a room entry in a group summary
-        """
+        """Update a room entry in a group summary"""
         if category_id:
             path = _create_v1_path(
                 "/groups/%s/summary/categories/%s/rooms/%s",
@@ -796,8 +783,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def delete_group_summary_room(
         self, destination, group_id, user_id, room_id, category_id
     ):
-        """Delete a room entry in a group summary
-        """
+        """Delete a room entry in a group summary"""
         if category_id:
             path = _create_v1_path(
                 "/groups/%s/summary/categories/%s/rooms/%s",
@@ -817,8 +803,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_group_categories(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get all categories in a group
-        """
+        """Get all categories in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/categories", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -830,8 +815,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_group_category(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, category_id):
-        """Get category info in a group
-        """
+        """Get category info in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/categories/%s", group_id, category_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -845,8 +829,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def update_group_category(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, category_id, content
     ):
-        """Update a category in a group
-        """
+        """Update a category in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/categories/%s", group_id, category_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -861,8 +844,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def delete_group_category(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, category_id
     ):
-        """Delete a category in a group
-        """
+        """Delete a category in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/categories/%s", group_id, category_id)
 
         return self.client.delete_json(
@@ -874,8 +856,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_group_roles(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get all roles in a group
-        """
+        """Get all roles in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/roles", group_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -887,8 +868,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def get_group_role(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, role_id):
-        """Get a roles info
-        """
+        """Get a roles info"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/roles/%s", group_id, role_id)
 
         return self.client.get_json(
@@ -902,8 +882,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def update_group_role(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, role_id, content
     ):
-        """Update a role in a group
-        """
+        """Update a role in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/roles/%s", group_id, role_id)
 
         return self.client.post_json(
@@ -916,8 +895,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def delete_group_role(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, role_id):
-        """Delete a role in a group
-        """
+        """Delete a role in a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/roles/%s", group_id, role_id)
 
         return self.client.delete_json(
@@ -931,8 +909,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def update_group_summary_user(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, user_id, role_id, content
     ):
-        """Update a users entry in a group
-        """
+        """Update a users entry in a group"""
         if role_id:
             path = _create_v1_path(
                 "/groups/%s/summary/roles/%s/users/%s", group_id, role_id, user_id
@@ -950,8 +927,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
 
     @log_function
     def set_group_join_policy(self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, content):
-        """Sets the join policy for a group
-        """
+        """Sets the join policy for a group"""
         path = _create_v1_path("/groups/%s/settings/m.join_policy", group_id)
 
         return self.client.put_json(
@@ -966,8 +942,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
     def delete_group_summary_user(
         self, destination, group_id, requester_user_id, user_id, role_id
     ):
-        """Delete a users entry in a group
-        """
+        """Delete a users entry in a group"""
         if role_id:
             path = _create_v1_path(
                 "/groups/%s/summary/roles/%s/users/%s", group_id, role_id, user_id
@@ -983,8 +958,7 @@ class TransportLayerClient:
         )
 
     def bulk_get_publicised_groups(self, destination, user_ids):
-        """Get the groups a list of users are publicising
-        """
+        """Get the groups a list of users are publicising"""
 
         path = _create_v1_path("/get_groups_publicised")
 
diff --git a/synapse/federation/transport/server.py b/synapse/federation/transport/server.py
index 95c64510a9..0b30efe993 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/transport/server.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/transport/server.py
@@ -364,7 +364,10 @@ class BaseFederationServlet:
                 continue
 
             server.register_paths(
-                method, (pattern,), self._wrap(code), self.__class__.__name__,
+                method,
+                (pattern,),
+                self._wrap(code),
+                self.__class__.__name__,
             )
 
 
@@ -381,7 +384,7 @@ class FederationSendServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
     # This is when someone is trying to send us a bunch of data.
     async def on_PUT(self, origin, content, query, transaction_id):
-        """ Called on PUT /send/<transaction_id>/
+        """Called on PUT /send/<transaction_id>/
 
         Args:
             request (twisted.web.http.Request): The HTTP request.
@@ -855,8 +858,7 @@ class FederationVersionServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsProfileServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get/set the basic profile of a group on behalf of a user
-    """
+    """Get/set the basic profile of a group on behalf of a user"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/profile"
 
@@ -895,8 +897,7 @@ class FederationGroupsSummaryServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsRoomsServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get the rooms in a group on behalf of a user
-    """
+    """Get the rooms in a group on behalf of a user"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/rooms"
 
@@ -911,8 +912,7 @@ class FederationGroupsRoomsServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsAddRoomsServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Add/remove room from group
-    """
+    """Add/remove room from group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/room/(?P<room_id>[^/]*)"
 
@@ -940,8 +940,7 @@ class FederationGroupsAddRoomsServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsAddRoomsConfigServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Update room config in group
-    """
+    """Update room config in group"""
 
     PATH = (
         "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/room/(?P<room_id>[^/]*)"
@@ -961,8 +960,7 @@ class FederationGroupsAddRoomsConfigServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsUsersServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get the users in a group on behalf of a user
-    """
+    """Get the users in a group on behalf of a user"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users"
 
@@ -977,8 +975,7 @@ class FederationGroupsUsersServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsInvitedUsersServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get the users that have been invited to a group
-    """
+    """Get the users that have been invited to a group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/invited_users"
 
@@ -995,8 +992,7 @@ class FederationGroupsInvitedUsersServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsInviteServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Ask a group server to invite someone to the group
-    """
+    """Ask a group server to invite someone to the group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)/invite"
 
@@ -1013,8 +1009,7 @@ class FederationGroupsInviteServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsAcceptInviteServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Accept an invitation from the group server
-    """
+    """Accept an invitation from the group server"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)/accept_invite"
 
@@ -1028,8 +1023,7 @@ class FederationGroupsAcceptInviteServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsJoinServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Attempt to join a group
-    """
+    """Attempt to join a group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)/join"
 
@@ -1043,8 +1037,7 @@ class FederationGroupsJoinServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsRemoveUserServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Leave or kick a user from the group
-    """
+    """Leave or kick a user from the group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)/remove"
 
@@ -1061,8 +1054,7 @@ class FederationGroupsRemoveUserServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsLocalInviteServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """A group server has invited a local user
-    """
+    """A group server has invited a local user"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/local/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)/invite"
 
@@ -1076,8 +1068,7 @@ class FederationGroupsLocalInviteServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsRemoveLocalUserServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """A group server has removed a local user
-    """
+    """A group server has removed a local user"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/local/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)/remove"
 
@@ -1093,8 +1084,7 @@ class FederationGroupsRemoveLocalUserServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsRenewAttestaionServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """A group or user's server renews their attestation
-    """
+    """A group or user's server renews their attestation"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/renew_attestation/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)"
 
@@ -1156,8 +1146,7 @@ class FederationGroupsSummaryRoomsServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsCategoriesServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get all categories for a group
-    """
+    """Get all categories for a group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/categories/?"
 
@@ -1172,8 +1161,7 @@ class FederationGroupsCategoriesServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsCategoryServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Add/remove/get a category in a group
-    """
+    """Add/remove/get a category in a group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/categories/(?P<category_id>[^/]+)"
 
@@ -1218,8 +1206,7 @@ class FederationGroupsCategoryServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsRolesServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get roles in a group
-    """
+    """Get roles in a group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/roles/?"
 
@@ -1234,8 +1221,7 @@ class FederationGroupsRolesServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsRoleServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Add/remove/get a role in a group
-    """
+    """Add/remove/get a role in a group"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/roles/(?P<role_id>[^/]+)"
 
@@ -1325,8 +1311,7 @@ class FederationGroupsSummaryUsersServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsBulkPublicisedServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Get roles in a group
-    """
+    """Get roles in a group"""
 
     PATH = "/get_groups_publicised"
 
@@ -1339,8 +1324,7 @@ class FederationGroupsBulkPublicisedServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
 
 
 class FederationGroupsSettingJoinPolicyServlet(BaseFederationServlet):
-    """Sets whether a group is joinable without an invite or knock
-    """
+    """Sets whether a group is joinable without an invite or knock"""
 
     PATH = "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/settings/m.join_policy"
 
diff --git a/synapse/federation/units.py b/synapse/federation/units.py
index 64d98fc8f6..b662c42621 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/units.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/units.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 @attr.s(slots=True)
 class Edu(JsonEncodedObject):
-    """ An Edu represents a piece of data sent from one homeserver to another.
+    """An Edu represents a piece of data sent from one homeserver to another.
 
     In comparison to Pdus, Edus are not persisted for a long time on disk, are
     not meaningful beyond a given pair of homeservers, and don't have an
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Edu(JsonEncodedObject):
 
 
 class Transaction(JsonEncodedObject):
-    """ A transaction is a list of Pdus and Edus to be sent to a remote home
+    """A transaction is a list of Pdus and Edus to be sent to a remote home
     server with some extra metadata.
 
     Example transaction::
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class Transaction(JsonEncodedObject):
     ]
 
     def __init__(self, transaction_id=None, pdus=[], **kwargs):
-        """ If we include a list of pdus then we decode then as PDU's
+        """If we include a list of pdus then we decode then as PDU's
         automatically.
         """
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class Transaction(JsonEncodedObject):
 
     @staticmethod
     def create_new(pdus, **kwargs):
-        """ Used to create a new transaction. Will auto fill out
+        """Used to create a new transaction. Will auto fill out
         transaction_id and origin_server_ts keys.
         """
         if "origin_server_ts" not in kwargs:
diff --git a/synapse/groups/attestations.py b/synapse/groups/attestations.py
index 41cf07cc88..db69bb7c06 100644
--- a/synapse/groups/attestations.py
+++ b/synapse/groups/attestations.py
@@ -61,8 +61,7 @@ UPDATE_ATTESTATION_TIME_MS = 1 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
 
 
 class GroupAttestationSigning:
-    """Creates and verifies group attestations.
-    """
+    """Creates and verifies group attestations."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs):
         self.keyring = hs.get_keyring()
@@ -125,8 +124,7 @@ class GroupAttestationSigning:
 
 
 class GroupAttestionRenewer:
-    """Responsible for sending and receiving attestation updates.
-    """
+    """Responsible for sending and receiving attestation updates."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs):
         self.clock = hs.get_clock()
@@ -142,8 +140,7 @@ class GroupAttestionRenewer:
             )
 
     async def on_renew_attestation(self, group_id, user_id, content):
-        """When a remote updates an attestation
-        """
+        """When a remote updates an attestation"""
         attestation = content["attestation"]
 
         if not self.is_mine_id(group_id) and not self.is_mine_id(user_id):
@@ -161,8 +158,7 @@ class GroupAttestionRenewer:
         return run_as_background_process("renew_attestations", self._renew_attestations)
 
     async def _renew_attestations(self):
-        """Called periodically to check if we need to update any of our attestations
-        """
+        """Called periodically to check if we need to update any of our attestations"""
 
         now = self.clock.time_msec()
 
diff --git a/synapse/groups/groups_server.py b/synapse/groups/groups_server.py
index 76bf52ea23..4e8695aa7c 100644
--- a/synapse/groups/groups_server.py
+++ b/synapse/groups/groups_server.py
@@ -165,16 +165,14 @@ class GroupsServerWorkerHandler:
         }
 
     async def get_group_categories(self, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get all categories in a group (as seen by user)
-        """
+        """Get all categories in a group (as seen by user)"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True)
 
         categories = await self.store.get_group_categories(group_id=group_id)
         return {"categories": categories}
 
     async def get_group_category(self, group_id, requester_user_id, category_id):
-        """Get a specific category in a group (as seen by user)
-        """
+        """Get a specific category in a group (as seen by user)"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True)
 
         res = await self.store.get_group_category(
@@ -186,24 +184,21 @@ class GroupsServerWorkerHandler:
         return res
 
     async def get_group_roles(self, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get all roles in a group (as seen by user)
-        """
+        """Get all roles in a group (as seen by user)"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True)
 
         roles = await self.store.get_group_roles(group_id=group_id)
         return {"roles": roles}
 
     async def get_group_role(self, group_id, requester_user_id, role_id):
-        """Get a specific role in a group (as seen by user)
-        """
+        """Get a specific role in a group (as seen by user)"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True)
 
         res = await self.store.get_group_role(group_id=group_id, role_id=role_id)
         return res
 
     async def get_group_profile(self, group_id, requester_user_id):
-        """Get the group profile as seen by requester_user_id
-        """
+        """Get the group profile as seen by requester_user_id"""
 
         await self.check_group_is_ours(group_id, requester_user_id)
 
@@ -350,8 +345,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
     async def update_group_summary_room(
         self, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id, category_id, content
     ):
-        """Add/update a room to the group summary
-        """
+        """Add/update a room to the group summary"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -375,8 +369,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
     async def delete_group_summary_room(
         self, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id, category_id
     ):
-        """Remove a room from the summary
-        """
+        """Remove a room from the summary"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -409,8 +402,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
     async def update_group_category(
         self, group_id, requester_user_id, category_id, content
     ):
-        """Add/Update a group category
-        """
+        """Add/Update a group category"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -428,8 +420,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {}
 
     async def delete_group_category(self, group_id, requester_user_id, category_id):
-        """Delete a group category
-        """
+        """Delete a group category"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -441,8 +432,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {}
 
     async def update_group_role(self, group_id, requester_user_id, role_id, content):
-        """Add/update a role in a group
-        """
+        """Add/update a role in a group"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -458,8 +448,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {}
 
     async def delete_group_role(self, group_id, requester_user_id, role_id):
-        """Remove role from group
-        """
+        """Remove role from group"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -471,8 +460,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
     async def update_group_summary_user(
         self, group_id, requester_user_id, user_id, role_id, content
     ):
-        """Add/update a users entry in the group summary
-        """
+        """Add/update a users entry in the group summary"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -494,8 +482,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
     async def delete_group_summary_user(
         self, group_id, requester_user_id, user_id, role_id
     ):
-        """Remove a user from the group summary
-        """
+        """Remove a user from the group summary"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -507,8 +494,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {}
 
     async def update_group_profile(self, group_id, requester_user_id, content):
-        """Update the group profile
-        """
+        """Update the group profile"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -539,8 +525,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         await self.store.update_group_profile(group_id, profile)
 
     async def add_room_to_group(self, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id, content):
-        """Add room to group
-        """
+        """Add room to group"""
         RoomID.from_string(room_id)  # Ensure valid room id
 
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
@@ -556,8 +541,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
     async def update_room_in_group(
         self, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id, config_key, content
     ):
-        """Update room in group
-        """
+        """Update room in group"""
         RoomID.from_string(room_id)  # Ensure valid room id
 
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
@@ -576,8 +560,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {}
 
     async def remove_room_from_group(self, group_id, requester_user_id, room_id):
-        """Remove room from group
-        """
+        """Remove room from group"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
         )
@@ -587,8 +570,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {}
 
     async def invite_to_group(self, group_id, user_id, requester_user_id, content):
-        """Invite user to group
-        """
+        """Invite user to group"""
 
         group = await self.check_group_is_ours(
             group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True, and_is_admin=requester_user_id
@@ -724,8 +706,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
         return {"state": "join", "attestation": local_attestation}
 
     async def knock(self, group_id, requester_user_id, content):
-        """A user requests becoming a member of the group
-        """
+        """A user requests becoming a member of the group"""
         await self.check_group_is_ours(group_id, requester_user_id, and_exists=True)
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
@@ -918,8 +899,7 @@ class GroupsServerHandler(GroupsServerWorkerHandler):
 
 
 def _parse_join_policy_from_contents(content):
-    """Given a content for a request, return the specified join policy or None
-    """
+    """Given a content for a request, return the specified join policy or None"""
 
     join_policy_dict = content.get("m.join_policy")
     if join_policy_dict:
@@ -929,8 +909,7 @@ def _parse_join_policy_from_contents(content):
 
 
 def _parse_join_policy_dict(join_policy_dict):
-    """Given a dict for the "m.join_policy" config return the join policy specified
-    """
+    """Given a dict for the "m.join_policy" config return the join policy specified"""
     join_policy_type = join_policy_dict.get("type")
     if not join_policy_type:
         return "invite"
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/admin.py b/synapse/handlers/admin.py
index 37e63da9b1..db68c94c50 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/admin.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/admin.py
@@ -203,13 +203,11 @@ class AdminHandler(BaseHandler):
 
 
 class ExfiltrationWriter(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
-    """Interface used to specify how to write exported data.
-    """
+    """Interface used to specify how to write exported data."""
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def write_events(self, room_id: str, events: List[EventBase]) -> None:
-        """Write a batch of events for a room.
-        """
+        """Write a batch of events for a room."""
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/appservice.py b/synapse/handlers/appservice.py
index 5c6458eb52..deab8ff2d0 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/appservice.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/appservice.py
@@ -290,7 +290,9 @@ class ApplicationServicesHandler:
             if not interested:
                 continue
             presence_events, _ = await presence_source.get_new_events(
-                user=user, service=service, from_key=from_key,
+                user=user,
+                service=service,
+                from_key=from_key,
             )
             time_now = self.clock.time_msec()
             events.extend(
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/auth.py b/synapse/handlers/auth.py
index 648fe91f53..9ba9f591d9 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/auth.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/auth.py
@@ -120,7 +120,9 @@ def convert_client_dict_legacy_fields_to_identifier(
     # Ensure the identifier has a type
     if "type" not in identifier:
         raise SynapseError(
-            400, "'identifier' dict has no key 'type'", errcode=Codes.MISSING_PARAM,
+            400,
+            "'identifier' dict has no key 'type'",
+            errcode=Codes.MISSING_PARAM,
         )
 
     return identifier
@@ -351,7 +353,11 @@ class AuthHandler(BaseHandler):
 
         try:
             result, params, session_id = await self.check_ui_auth(
-                flows, request, request_body, description, get_new_session_data,
+                flows,
+                request,
+                request_body,
+                description,
+                get_new_session_data,
             )
         except LoginError:
             # Update the ratelimiter to say we failed (`can_do_action` doesn't raise).
@@ -379,8 +385,7 @@ class AuthHandler(BaseHandler):
         return params, session_id
 
     async def _get_available_ui_auth_types(self, user: UserID) -> Iterable[str]:
-        """Get a list of the authentication types this user can use
-        """
+        """Get a list of the authentication types this user can use"""
 
         ui_auth_types = set()
 
@@ -723,7 +728,9 @@ class AuthHandler(BaseHandler):
         }
 
     def _auth_dict_for_flows(
-        self, flows: List[List[str]], session_id: str,
+        self,
+        flows: List[List[str]],
+        session_id: str,
     ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         public_flows = []
         for f in flows:
@@ -880,7 +887,9 @@ class AuthHandler(BaseHandler):
         return self._supported_login_types
 
     async def validate_login(
-        self, login_submission: Dict[str, Any], ratelimit: bool = False,
+        self,
+        login_submission: Dict[str, Any],
+        ratelimit: bool = False,
     ) -> Tuple[str, Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, str]], Awaitable[None]]]]:
         """Authenticates the user for the /login API
 
@@ -1023,7 +1032,9 @@ class AuthHandler(BaseHandler):
             raise
 
     async def _validate_userid_login(
-        self, username: str, login_submission: Dict[str, Any],
+        self,
+        username: str,
+        login_submission: Dict[str, Any],
     ) -> Tuple[str, Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, str]], Awaitable[None]]]]:
         """Helper for validate_login
 
@@ -1446,7 +1457,8 @@ class AuthHandler(BaseHandler):
         # is considered OK since the newest SSO attributes should be most valid.
         if extra_attributes:
             self._extra_attributes[registered_user_id] = SsoLoginExtraAttributes(
-                self._clock.time_msec(), extra_attributes,
+                self._clock.time_msec(),
+                extra_attributes,
             )
 
         # Create a login token
@@ -1702,5 +1714,9 @@ class PasswordProvider:
         # This might return an awaitable, if it does block the log out
         # until it completes.
         await maybe_awaitable(
-            g(user_id=user_id, device_id=device_id, access_token=access_token,)
+            g(
+                user_id=user_id,
+                device_id=device_id,
+                access_token=access_token,
+            )
         )
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/cas_handler.py b/synapse/handlers/cas_handler.py
index 81ed44ac87..04972f9cf0 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/cas_handler.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/cas_handler.py
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class CasError(Exception):
-    """Used to catch errors when validating the CAS ticket.
-    """
+    """Used to catch errors when validating the CAS ticket."""
 
     def __init__(self, error, error_description=None):
         self.error = error
@@ -100,7 +99,10 @@ class CasHandler:
         Returns:
             The URL to use as a "service" parameter.
         """
-        return "%s?%s" % (self._cas_service_url, urllib.parse.urlencode(args),)
+        return "%s?%s" % (
+            self._cas_service_url,
+            urllib.parse.urlencode(args),
+        )
 
     async def _validate_ticket(
         self, ticket: str, service_args: Dict[str, str]
@@ -296,7 +298,10 @@ class CasHandler:
         # first check if we're doing a UIA
         if session:
             return await self._sso_handler.complete_sso_ui_auth_request(
-                self.idp_id, cas_response.username, session, request,
+                self.idp_id,
+                cas_response.username,
+                session,
+                request,
             )
 
         # otherwise, we're handling a login request.
@@ -366,7 +371,8 @@ class CasHandler:
             user_id = UserID(localpart, self._hostname).to_string()
 
             logger.debug(
-                "Looking for existing account based on mapped %s", user_id,
+                "Looking for existing account based on mapped %s",
+                user_id,
             )
 
             users = await self._store.get_users_by_id_case_insensitive(user_id)
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/deactivate_account.py b/synapse/handlers/deactivate_account.py
index c4a3b26a84..94f3f3163f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/deactivate_account.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/deactivate_account.py
@@ -196,8 +196,7 @@ class DeactivateAccountHandler(BaseHandler):
             run_as_background_process("user_parter_loop", self._user_parter_loop)
 
     async def _user_parter_loop(self) -> None:
-        """Loop that parts deactivated users from rooms
-        """
+        """Loop that parts deactivated users from rooms"""
         self._user_parter_running = True
         logger.info("Starting user parter")
         try:
@@ -214,8 +213,7 @@ class DeactivateAccountHandler(BaseHandler):
             self._user_parter_running = False
 
     async def _part_user(self, user_id: str) -> None:
-        """Causes the given user_id to leave all the rooms they're joined to
-        """
+        """Causes the given user_id to leave all the rooms they're joined to"""
         user = UserID.from_string(user_id)
 
         rooms_for_user = await self.store.get_rooms_for_user(user_id)
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/device.py b/synapse/handlers/device.py
index 0863154f7a..df3cdc8fba 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/device.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/device.py
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class DeviceWorkerHandler(BaseHandler):
 
     @trace
     async def get_device(self, user_id: str, device_id: str) -> JsonDict:
-        """ Retrieve the given device
+        """Retrieve the given device
 
         Args:
             user_id: The user to get the device from
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
 
     @trace
     async def delete_device(self, user_id: str, device_id: str) -> None:
-        """ Delete the given device
+        """Delete the given device
 
         Args:
             user_id: The user to delete the device from.
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
         await self.delete_devices(user_id, device_ids)
 
     async def delete_devices(self, user_id: str, device_ids: List[str]) -> None:
-        """ Delete several devices
+        """Delete several devices
 
         Args:
             user_id: The user to delete devices from.
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
         await self.notify_device_update(user_id, device_ids)
 
     async def update_device(self, user_id: str, device_id: str, content: dict) -> None:
-        """ Update the given device
+        """Update the given device
 
         Args:
             user_id: The user to update devices of.
@@ -534,7 +534,9 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
             device id of the dehydrated device
         """
         device_id = await self.check_device_registered(
-            user_id, None, initial_device_display_name,
+            user_id,
+            None,
+            initial_device_display_name,
         )
         old_device_id = await self.store.store_dehydrated_device(
             user_id, device_id, device_data
@@ -803,7 +805,8 @@ class DeviceListUpdater:
                 try:
                     # Try to resync the current user's devices list.
                     result = await self.user_device_resync(
-                        user_id=user_id, mark_failed_as_stale=False,
+                        user_id=user_id,
+                        mark_failed_as_stale=False,
                     )
 
                     # user_device_resync only returns a result if it managed to
@@ -813,14 +816,17 @@ class DeviceListUpdater:
                     # self.store.update_remote_device_list_cache).
                     if result:
                         logger.debug(
-                            "Successfully resynced the device list for %s", user_id,
+                            "Successfully resynced the device list for %s",
+                            user_id,
                         )
                 except Exception as e:
                     # If there was an issue resyncing this user, e.g. if the remote
                     # server sent a malformed result, just log the error instead of
                     # aborting all the subsequent resyncs.
                     logger.debug(
-                        "Could not resync the device list for %s: %s", user_id, e,
+                        "Could not resync the device list for %s: %s",
+                        user_id,
+                        e,
                     )
         finally:
             # Allow future calls to retry resyncinc out of sync device lists.
@@ -855,7 +861,9 @@ class DeviceListUpdater:
             return None
         except (RequestSendFailed, HttpResponseException) as e:
             logger.warning(
-                "Failed to handle device list update for %s: %s", user_id, e,
+                "Failed to handle device list update for %s: %s",
+                user_id,
+                e,
             )
 
             if mark_failed_as_stale:
@@ -931,7 +939,9 @@ class DeviceListUpdater:
 
         # Handle cross-signing keys.
         cross_signing_device_ids = await self.process_cross_signing_key_update(
-            user_id, master_key, self_signing_key,
+            user_id,
+            master_key,
+            self_signing_key,
         )
         device_ids = device_ids + cross_signing_device_ids
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/devicemessage.py b/synapse/handlers/devicemessage.py
index 0c7737e09d..1aa7d803b5 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/devicemessage.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/devicemessage.py
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ class DeviceMessageHandler:
             )
         else:
             hs.get_federation_registry().register_instances_for_edu(
-                "m.direct_to_device", hs.config.worker.writers.to_device,
+                "m.direct_to_device",
+                hs.config.worker.writers.to_device,
             )
 
         # The handler to call when we think a user's device list might be out of
@@ -73,8 +74,8 @@ class DeviceMessageHandler:
                 hs.get_device_handler().device_list_updater.user_device_resync
             )
         else:
-            self._user_device_resync = ReplicationUserDevicesResyncRestServlet.make_client(
-                hs
+            self._user_device_resync = (
+                ReplicationUserDevicesResyncRestServlet.make_client(hs)
             )
 
     async def on_direct_to_device_edu(self, origin: str, content: JsonDict) -> None:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py b/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py
index 8f3a6b35a4..9a946a3cfe 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/e2e_keys.py
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ class E2eKeysHandler:
 
         self._is_master = hs.config.worker_app is None
         if not self._is_master:
-            self._user_device_resync_client = ReplicationUserDevicesResyncRestServlet.make_client(
-                hs
+            self._user_device_resync_client = (
+                ReplicationUserDevicesResyncRestServlet.make_client(hs)
             )
         else:
             # Only register this edu handler on master as it requires writing
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class E2eKeysHandler:
     async def query_devices(
         self, query_body: JsonDict, timeout: int, from_user_id: str
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """ Handle a device key query from a client
+        """Handle a device key query from a client
 
         {
             "device_keys": {
@@ -391,8 +391,7 @@ class E2eKeysHandler:
     async def on_federation_query_client_keys(
         self, query_body: Dict[str, Dict[str, Optional[List[str]]]]
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """ Handle a device key query from a federated server
-        """
+        """Handle a device key query from a federated server"""
         device_keys_query = query_body.get(
             "device_keys", {}
         )  # type: Dict[str, Optional[List[str]]]
@@ -1065,7 +1064,9 @@ class E2eKeysHandler:
         return key, key_id, verify_key
 
     async def _retrieve_cross_signing_keys_for_remote_user(
-        self, user: UserID, desired_key_type: str,
+        self,
+        user: UserID,
+        desired_key_type: str,
     ) -> Tuple[Optional[dict], Optional[str], Optional[VerifyKey]]:
         """Queries cross-signing keys for a remote user and saves them to the database
 
@@ -1269,8 +1270,7 @@ def _one_time_keys_match(old_key_json: str, new_key: JsonDict) -> bool:
 
 @attr.s(slots=True)
 class SignatureListItem:
-    """An item in the signature list as used by upload_signatures_for_device_keys.
-    """
+    """An item in the signature list as used by upload_signatures_for_device_keys."""
 
     signing_key_id = attr.ib(type=str)
     target_user_id = attr.ib(type=str)
@@ -1355,8 +1355,12 @@ class SigningKeyEduUpdater:
             logger.info("pending updates: %r", pending_updates)
 
             for master_key, self_signing_key in pending_updates:
-                new_device_ids = await device_list_updater.process_cross_signing_key_update(
-                    user_id, master_key, self_signing_key,
+                new_device_ids = (
+                    await device_list_updater.process_cross_signing_key_update(
+                        user_id,
+                        master_key,
+                        self_signing_key,
+                    )
                 )
                 device_ids = device_ids + new_device_ids
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/events.py b/synapse/handlers/events.py
index 539b4fc32e..3e23f82cf7 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/events.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/events.py
@@ -57,8 +57,7 @@ class EventStreamHandler(BaseHandler):
         room_id: Optional[str] = None,
         is_guest: bool = False,
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Fetches the events stream for a given user.
-        """
+        """Fetches the events stream for a given user."""
 
         if room_id:
             blocked = await self.store.is_room_blocked(room_id)
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/federation.py b/synapse/handlers/federation.py
index 5581e06bb4..2ead626a4d 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/federation.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/federation.py
@@ -111,13 +111,13 @@ class _NewEventInfo:
 
 class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
     """Handles events that originated from federation.
-        Responsible for:
-        a) handling received Pdus before handing them on as Events to the rest
-        of the homeserver (including auth and state conflict resolutions)
-        b) converting events that were produced by local clients that may need
-        to be sent to remote homeservers.
-        c) doing the necessary dances to invite remote users and join remote
-        rooms.
+    Responsible for:
+    a) handling received Pdus before handing them on as Events to the rest
+    of the homeserver (including auth and state conflict resolutions)
+    b) converting events that were produced by local clients that may need
+    to be sent to remote homeservers.
+    c) doing the necessary dances to invite remote users and join remote
+    rooms.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
@@ -150,11 +150,11 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
         )
 
         if hs.config.worker_app:
-            self._user_device_resync = ReplicationUserDevicesResyncRestServlet.make_client(
-                hs
+            self._user_device_resync = (
+                ReplicationUserDevicesResyncRestServlet.make_client(hs)
             )
-            self._maybe_store_room_on_outlier_membership = ReplicationStoreRoomOnOutlierMembershipRestServlet.make_client(
-                hs
+            self._maybe_store_room_on_outlier_membership = (
+                ReplicationStoreRoomOnOutlierMembershipRestServlet.make_client(hs)
             )
         else:
             self._device_list_updater = hs.get_device_handler().device_list_updater
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
         self._ephemeral_messages_enabled = hs.config.enable_ephemeral_messages
 
     async def on_receive_pdu(self, origin, pdu, sent_to_us_directly=False) -> None:
-        """ Process a PDU received via a federation /send/ transaction, or
+        """Process a PDU received via a federation /send/ transaction, or
         via backfill of missing prev_events
 
         Args:
@@ -368,7 +368,8 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
                     # know about
                     for p in prevs - seen:
                         logger.info(
-                            "Requesting state at missing prev_event %s", event_id,
+                            "Requesting state at missing prev_event %s",
+                            event_id,
                         )
 
                         with nested_logging_context(p):
@@ -388,12 +389,14 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
                                 event_map[x.event_id] = x
 
                     room_version = await self.store.get_room_version_id(room_id)
-                    state_map = await self._state_resolution_handler.resolve_events_with_store(
-                        room_id,
-                        room_version,
-                        state_maps,
-                        event_map,
-                        state_res_store=StateResolutionStore(self.store),
+                    state_map = (
+                        await self._state_resolution_handler.resolve_events_with_store(
+                            room_id,
+                            room_version,
+                            state_maps,
+                            event_map,
+                            state_res_store=StateResolutionStore(self.store),
+                        )
                     )
 
                     # We need to give _process_received_pdu the actual state events
@@ -687,9 +690,12 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
         return fetched_events
 
     async def _process_received_pdu(
-        self, origin: str, event: EventBase, state: Optional[Iterable[EventBase]],
+        self,
+        origin: str,
+        event: EventBase,
+        state: Optional[Iterable[EventBase]],
     ):
-        """ Called when we have a new pdu. We need to do auth checks and put it
+        """Called when we have a new pdu. We need to do auth checks and put it
         through the StateHandler.
 
         Args:
@@ -801,7 +807,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
 
     @log_function
     async def backfill(self, dest, room_id, limit, extremities):
-        """ Trigger a backfill request to `dest` for the given `room_id`
+        """Trigger a backfill request to `dest` for the given `room_id`
 
         This will attempt to get more events from the remote. If the other side
         has no new events to offer, this will return an empty list.
@@ -1204,11 +1210,16 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             with nested_logging_context(event_id):
                 try:
                     event = await self.federation_client.get_pdu(
-                        [destination], event_id, room_version, outlier=True,
+                        [destination],
+                        event_id,
+                        room_version,
+                        outlier=True,
                     )
                     if event is None:
                         logger.warning(
-                            "Server %s didn't return event %s", destination, event_id,
+                            "Server %s didn't return event %s",
+                            destination,
+                            event_id,
                         )
                         return
 
@@ -1235,7 +1246,8 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             if aid not in event_map
         ]
         persisted_events = await self.store.get_events(
-            auth_events, allow_rejected=True,
+            auth_events,
+            allow_rejected=True,
         )
 
         event_infos = []
@@ -1251,7 +1263,9 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             event_infos.append(_NewEventInfo(event, None, auth))
 
         await self._handle_new_events(
-            destination, room_id, event_infos,
+            destination,
+            room_id,
+            event_infos,
         )
 
     def _sanity_check_event(self, ev):
@@ -1287,7 +1301,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             raise SynapseError(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "Too many auth_events")
 
     async def send_invite(self, target_host, event):
-        """ Sends the invite to the remote server for signing.
+        """Sends the invite to the remote server for signing.
 
         Invites must be signed by the invitee's server before distribution.
         """
@@ -1310,7 +1324,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
     async def do_invite_join(
         self, target_hosts: Iterable[str], room_id: str, joinee: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> Tuple[str, int]:
-        """ Attempts to join the `joinee` to the room `room_id` via the
+        """Attempts to join the `joinee` to the room `room_id` via the
         servers contained in `target_hosts`.
 
         This first triggers a /make_join/ request that returns a partial
@@ -1388,7 +1402,8 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             # so we can rely on it now.
             #
             await self.store.upsert_room_on_join(
-                room_id=room_id, room_version=room_version_obj,
+                room_id=room_id,
+                room_version=room_version_obj,
             )
 
             max_stream_id = await self._persist_auth_tree(
@@ -1458,7 +1473,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
     async def on_make_join_request(
         self, origin: str, room_id: str, user_id: str
     ) -> EventBase:
-        """ We've received a /make_join/ request, so we create a partial
+        """We've received a /make_join/ request, so we create a partial
         join event for the room and return that. We do *not* persist or
         process it until the other server has signed it and sent it back.
 
@@ -1483,7 +1498,8 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
         is_in_room = await self.auth.check_host_in_room(room_id, self.server_name)
         if not is_in_room:
             logger.info(
-                "Got /make_join request for room %s we are no longer in", room_id,
+                "Got /make_join request for room %s we are no longer in",
+                room_id,
             )
             raise NotFoundError("Not an active room on this server")
 
@@ -1517,7 +1533,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
         return event
 
     async def on_send_join_request(self, origin, pdu):
-        """ We have received a join event for a room. Fully process it and
+        """We have received a join event for a room. Fully process it and
         respond with the current state and auth chains.
         """
         event = pdu
@@ -1573,7 +1589,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
     async def on_invite_request(
         self, origin: str, event: EventBase, room_version: RoomVersion
     ):
-        """ We've got an invite event. Process and persist it. Sign it.
+        """We've got an invite event. Process and persist it. Sign it.
 
         Respond with the now signed event.
         """
@@ -1700,7 +1716,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
     async def on_make_leave_request(
         self, origin: str, room_id: str, user_id: str
     ) -> EventBase:
-        """ We've received a /make_leave/ request, so we create a partial
+        """We've received a /make_leave/ request, so we create a partial
         leave event for the room and return that. We do *not* persist or
         process it until the other server has signed it and sent it back.
 
@@ -1776,8 +1792,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
         return None
 
     async def get_state_for_pdu(self, room_id: str, event_id: str) -> List[EventBase]:
-        """Returns the state at the event. i.e. not including said event.
-        """
+        """Returns the state at the event. i.e. not including said event."""
 
         event = await self.store.get_event(event_id, check_room_id=room_id)
 
@@ -1803,8 +1818,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             return []
 
     async def get_state_ids_for_pdu(self, room_id: str, event_id: str) -> List[str]:
-        """Returns the state at the event. i.e. not including said event.
-        """
+        """Returns the state at the event. i.e. not including said event."""
         event = await self.store.get_event(event_id, check_room_id=room_id)
 
         state_groups = await self.state_store.get_state_groups_ids(room_id, [event_id])
@@ -2010,7 +2024,11 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
 
         for e_id in missing_auth_events:
             m_ev = await self.federation_client.get_pdu(
-                [origin], e_id, room_version=room_version, outlier=True, timeout=10000,
+                [origin],
+                e_id,
+                room_version=room_version,
+                outlier=True,
+                timeout=10000,
             )
             if m_ev and m_ev.event_id == e_id:
                 event_map[e_id] = m_ev
@@ -2160,7 +2178,9 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
             )
 
         logger.debug(
-            "Doing soft-fail check for %s: state %s", event.event_id, current_state_ids,
+            "Doing soft-fail check for %s: state %s",
+            event.event_id,
+            current_state_ids,
         )
 
         # Now check if event pass auth against said current state
@@ -2513,7 +2533,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
     async def construct_auth_difference(
         self, local_auth: Iterable[EventBase], remote_auth: Iterable[EventBase]
     ) -> Dict:
-        """ Given a local and remote auth chain, find the differences. This
+        """Given a local and remote auth chain, find the differences. This
         assumes that we have already processed all events in remote_auth
 
         Params:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/groups_local.py b/synapse/handlers/groups_local.py
index 71f11ef94a..bfb95e3eee 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/groups_local.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/groups_local.py
@@ -146,8 +146,7 @@ class GroupsLocalWorkerHandler:
     async def get_users_in_group(
         self, group_id: str, requester_user_id: str
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Get users in a group
-        """
+        """Get users in a group"""
         if self.is_mine_id(group_id):
             return await self.groups_server_handler.get_users_in_group(
                 group_id, requester_user_id
@@ -283,8 +282,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def create_group(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Create a group
-        """
+        """Create a group"""
 
         logger.info("Asking to create group with ID: %r", group_id)
 
@@ -314,8 +312,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def join_group(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Request to join a group
-        """
+        """Request to join a group"""
         if self.is_mine_id(group_id):
             await self.groups_server_handler.join_group(group_id, user_id, content)
             local_attestation = None
@@ -361,8 +358,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def accept_invite(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Accept an invite to a group
-        """
+        """Accept an invite to a group"""
         if self.is_mine_id(group_id):
             await self.groups_server_handler.accept_invite(group_id, user_id, content)
             local_attestation = None
@@ -408,8 +404,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def invite(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, requester_user_id: str, config: JsonDict
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Invite a user to a group
-        """
+        """Invite a user to a group"""
         content = {"requester_user_id": requester_user_id, "config": config}
         if self.is_mine_id(group_id):
             res = await self.groups_server_handler.invite_to_group(
@@ -434,8 +429,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def on_invite(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """One of our users were invited to a group
-        """
+        """One of our users were invited to a group"""
         # TODO: Support auto join and rejection
 
         if not self.is_mine_id(user_id):
@@ -466,8 +460,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def remove_user_from_group(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, requester_user_id: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> JsonDict:
-        """Remove a user from a group
-        """
+        """Remove a user from a group"""
         if user_id == requester_user_id:
             token = await self.store.register_user_group_membership(
                 group_id, user_id, membership="leave"
@@ -501,8 +494,7 @@ class GroupsLocalHandler(GroupsLocalWorkerHandler):
     async def user_removed_from_group(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, content: JsonDict
     ) -> None:
-        """One of our users was removed/kicked from a group
-        """
+        """One of our users was removed/kicked from a group"""
         # TODO: Check if user in group
         token = await self.store.register_user_group_membership(
             group_id, user_id, membership="leave"
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/identity.py b/synapse/handlers/identity.py
index 8fc1e8b91c..5f346f6d6d 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/identity.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/identity.py
@@ -72,7 +72,10 @@ class IdentityHandler(BaseHandler):
         )
 
     def ratelimit_request_token_requests(
-        self, request: SynapseRequest, medium: str, address: str,
+        self,
+        request: SynapseRequest,
+        medium: str,
+        address: str,
     ):
         """Used to ratelimit requests to `/requestToken` by IP and address.
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/initial_sync.py b/synapse/handlers/initial_sync.py
index fbd8df9dcc..78c3e5a10b 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/initial_sync.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/initial_sync.py
@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ class InitialSyncHandler(BaseHandler):
 
         joined_rooms = [r.room_id for r in room_list if r.membership == Membership.JOIN]
         receipt = await self.store.get_linearized_receipts_for_rooms(
-            joined_rooms, to_key=int(now_token.receipt_key),
+            joined_rooms,
+            to_key=int(now_token.receipt_key),
         )
 
         tags_by_room = await self.store.get_tags_for_user(user_id)
@@ -169,7 +170,10 @@ class InitialSyncHandler(BaseHandler):
                         self.state_handler.get_current_state, event.room_id
                     )
                 elif event.membership == Membership.LEAVE:
-                    room_end_token = RoomStreamToken(None, event.stream_ordering,)
+                    room_end_token = RoomStreamToken(
+                        None,
+                        event.stream_ordering,
+                    )
                     deferred_room_state = run_in_background(
                         self.state_store.get_state_for_events, [event.event_id]
                     )
@@ -284,7 +288,9 @@ class InitialSyncHandler(BaseHandler):
             membership,
             member_event_id,
         ) = await self.auth.check_user_in_room_or_world_readable(
-            room_id, user_id, allow_departed_users=True,
+            room_id,
+            user_id,
+            allow_departed_users=True,
         )
         is_peeking = member_event_id is None
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/message.py b/synapse/handlers/message.py
index a15336bf00..c03f6c997b 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/message.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/message.py
@@ -65,8 +65,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class MessageHandler:
-    """Contains some read only APIs to get state about a room
-    """
+    """Contains some read only APIs to get state about a room"""
 
     def __init__(self, hs):
         self.auth = hs.get_auth()
@@ -88,9 +87,13 @@ class MessageHandler:
             )
 
     async def get_room_data(
-        self, user_id: str, room_id: str, event_type: str, state_key: str,
+        self,
+        user_id: str,
+        room_id: str,
+        event_type: str,
+        state_key: str,
     ) -> dict:
-        """ Get data from a room.
+        """Get data from a room.
 
         Args:
             user_id
@@ -174,7 +177,10 @@ class MessageHandler:
                 raise NotFoundError("Can't find event for token %s" % (at_token,))
 
             visible_events = await filter_events_for_client(
-                self.storage, user_id, last_events, filter_send_to_client=False,
+                self.storage,
+                user_id,
+                last_events,
+                filter_send_to_client=False,
             )
 
             event = last_events[0]
@@ -571,7 +577,7 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
     async def _is_exempt_from_privacy_policy(
         self, builder: EventBuilder, requester: Requester
     ) -> bool:
-        """"Determine if an event to be sent is exempt from having to consent
+        """ "Determine if an event to be sent is exempt from having to consent
         to the privacy policy
 
         Args:
@@ -793,9 +799,10 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
         """
 
         if prev_event_ids is not None:
-            assert len(prev_event_ids) <= 10, (
-                "Attempting to create an event with %i prev_events"
-                % (len(prev_event_ids),)
+            assert (
+                len(prev_event_ids) <= 10
+            ), "Attempting to create an event with %i prev_events" % (
+                len(prev_event_ids),
             )
         else:
             prev_event_ids = await self.store.get_prev_events_for_room(builder.room_id)
@@ -821,7 +828,8 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
         )
         if not third_party_result:
             logger.info(
-                "Event %s forbidden by third-party rules", event,
+                "Event %s forbidden by third-party rules",
+                event,
             )
             raise SynapseError(
                 403, "This event is not allowed in this context", Codes.FORBIDDEN
@@ -1316,7 +1324,11 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
                 # Since this is a dummy-event it is OK if it is sent by a
                 # shadow-banned user.
                 await self.handle_new_client_event(
-                    requester, event, context, ratelimit=False, ignore_shadow_ban=True,
+                    requester,
+                    event,
+                    context,
+                    ratelimit=False,
+                    ignore_shadow_ban=True,
                 )
                 return True
             except AuthError:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/oidc_handler.py b/synapse/handlers/oidc_handler.py
index 5f3e8a77f5..702bfb8bc9 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/oidc_handler.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/oidc_handler.py
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@ JWKS = TypedDict("JWKS", {"keys": List[JWK]})
 
 
 class OidcHandler:
-    """Handles requests related to the OpenID Connect login flow.
-    """
+    """Handles requests related to the OpenID Connect login flow."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
         self._sso_handler = hs.get_sso_handler()
@@ -216,8 +215,7 @@ class OidcHandler:
 
 
 class OidcError(Exception):
-    """Used to catch errors when calling the token_endpoint
-    """
+    """Used to catch errors when calling the token_endpoint"""
 
     def __init__(self, error, error_description=None):
         self.error = error
@@ -252,7 +250,9 @@ class OidcProvider:
         self._scopes = provider.scopes
         self._user_profile_method = provider.user_profile_method
         self._client_auth = ClientAuth(
-            provider.client_id, provider.client_secret, provider.client_auth_method,
+            provider.client_id,
+            provider.client_secret,
+            provider.client_auth_method,
         )  # type: ClientAuth
         self._client_auth_method = provider.client_auth_method
 
@@ -509,7 +509,10 @@ class OidcProvider:
         # We're not using the SimpleHttpClient util methods as we don't want to
         # check the HTTP status code and we do the body encoding ourself.
         response = await self._http_client.request(
-            method="POST", uri=uri, data=body.encode("utf-8"), headers=headers,
+            method="POST",
+            uri=uri,
+            data=body.encode("utf-8"),
+            headers=headers,
         )
 
         # This is used in multiple error messages below
@@ -966,7 +969,9 @@ class OidcSessionTokenGenerator:
             A signed macaroon token with the session information.
         """
         macaroon = pymacaroons.Macaroon(
-            location=self._server_name, identifier="key", key=self._macaroon_secret_key,
+            location=self._server_name,
+            identifier="key",
+            key=self._macaroon_secret_key,
         )
         macaroon.add_first_party_caveat("gen = 1")
         macaroon.add_first_party_caveat("type = session")
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/pagination.py b/synapse/handlers/pagination.py
index 5372753707..059064a4eb 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/pagination.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/pagination.py
@@ -197,7 +197,8 @@ class PaginationHandler:
             stream_ordering = await self.store.find_first_stream_ordering_after_ts(ts)
 
             r = await self.store.get_room_event_before_stream_ordering(
-                room_id, stream_ordering,
+                room_id,
+                stream_ordering,
             )
             if not r:
                 logger.warning(
@@ -223,7 +224,12 @@ class PaginationHandler:
             # the background so that it's not blocking any other operation apart from
             # other purges in the same room.
             run_as_background_process(
-                "_purge_history", self._purge_history, purge_id, room_id, token, True,
+                "_purge_history",
+                self._purge_history,
+                purge_id,
+                room_id,
+                token,
+                True,
             )
 
     def start_purge_history(
@@ -389,7 +395,9 @@ class PaginationHandler:
                         )
 
                 await self.hs.get_federation_handler().maybe_backfill(
-                    room_id, curr_topo, limit=pagin_config.limit,
+                    room_id,
+                    curr_topo,
+                    limit=pagin_config.limit,
                 )
 
             to_room_key = None
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/presence.py b/synapse/handlers/presence.py
index 22d1e9d35c..7ba22d511f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/presence.py
@@ -635,8 +635,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
             self.external_process_last_updated_ms.pop(process_id, None)
 
     async def current_state_for_user(self, user_id):
-        """Get the current presence state for a user.
-        """
+        """Get the current presence state for a user."""
         res = await self.current_state_for_users([user_id])
         return res[user_id]
 
@@ -678,8 +677,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
         self.federation.send_presence(states)
 
     async def incoming_presence(self, origin, content):
-        """Called when we receive a `m.presence` EDU from a remote server.
-        """
+        """Called when we receive a `m.presence` EDU from a remote server."""
         if not self._presence_enabled:
             return
 
@@ -729,8 +727,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
             await self._update_states(updates)
 
     async def set_state(self, target_user, state, ignore_status_msg=False):
-        """Set the presence state of the user.
-        """
+        """Set the presence state of the user."""
         status_msg = state.get("status_msg", None)
         presence = state["presence"]
 
@@ -758,8 +755,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
         await self._update_states([prev_state.copy_and_replace(**new_fields)])
 
     async def is_visible(self, observed_user, observer_user):
-        """Returns whether a user can see another user's presence.
-        """
+        """Returns whether a user can see another user's presence."""
         observer_room_ids = await self.store.get_rooms_for_user(
             observer_user.to_string()
         )
@@ -953,8 +949,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
 
 
 def should_notify(old_state, new_state):
-    """Decides if a presence state change should be sent to interested parties.
-    """
+    """Decides if a presence state change should be sent to interested parties."""
     if old_state == new_state:
         return False
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/profile.py b/synapse/handlers/profile.py
index c02b951031..2f62d84fb5 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/profile.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/profile.py
@@ -207,7 +207,8 @@ class ProfileHandler(BaseHandler):
         # This must be done by the target user himself.
         if by_admin:
             requester = create_requester(
-                target_user, authenticated_entity=requester.authenticated_entity,
+                target_user,
+                authenticated_entity=requester.authenticated_entity,
             )
 
         await self.store.set_profile_displayname(
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/receipts.py b/synapse/handlers/receipts.py
index cc21fc2284..6a6c528849 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/receipts.py
@@ -49,15 +49,15 @@ class ReceiptsHandler(BaseHandler):
             )
         else:
             hs.get_federation_registry().register_instances_for_edu(
-                "m.receipt", hs.config.worker.writers.receipts,
+                "m.receipt",
+                hs.config.worker.writers.receipts,
             )
 
         self.clock = self.hs.get_clock()
         self.state = hs.get_state_handler()
 
     async def _received_remote_receipt(self, origin: str, content: JsonDict) -> None:
-        """Called when we receive an EDU of type m.receipt from a remote HS.
-        """
+        """Called when we receive an EDU of type m.receipt from a remote HS."""
         receipts = []
         for room_id, room_values in content.items():
             for receipt_type, users in room_values.items():
@@ -83,8 +83,7 @@ class ReceiptsHandler(BaseHandler):
         await self._handle_new_receipts(receipts)
 
     async def _handle_new_receipts(self, receipts: List[ReadReceipt]) -> bool:
-        """Takes a list of receipts, stores them and informs the notifier.
-        """
+        """Takes a list of receipts, stores them and informs the notifier."""
         min_batch_id = None  # type: Optional[int]
         max_batch_id = None  # type: Optional[int]
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/register.py b/synapse/handlers/register.py
index 49b085269b..3cda89657e 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/register.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/register.py
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ class RegistrationHandler(BaseHandler):
             self._register_device_client = RegisterDeviceReplicationServlet.make_client(
                 hs
             )
-            self._post_registration_client = ReplicationPostRegisterActionsServlet.make_client(
-                hs
+            self._post_registration_client = (
+                ReplicationPostRegisterActionsServlet.make_client(hs)
             )
         else:
             self.device_handler = hs.get_device_handler()
@@ -189,12 +189,15 @@ class RegistrationHandler(BaseHandler):
         self.check_registration_ratelimit(address)
 
         result = await self.spam_checker.check_registration_for_spam(
-            threepid, localpart, user_agent_ips or [],
+            threepid,
+            localpart,
+            user_agent_ips or [],
         )
 
         if result == RegistrationBehaviour.DENY:
             logger.info(
-                "Blocked registration of %r", localpart,
+                "Blocked registration of %r",
+                localpart,
             )
             # We return a 429 to make it not obvious that they've been
             # denied.
@@ -203,7 +206,8 @@ class RegistrationHandler(BaseHandler):
         shadow_banned = result == RegistrationBehaviour.SHADOW_BAN
         if shadow_banned:
             logger.info(
-                "Shadow banning registration of %r", localpart,
+                "Shadow banning registration of %r",
+                localpart,
             )
 
         # do not check_auth_blocking if the call is coming through the Admin API
@@ -369,7 +373,9 @@ class RegistrationHandler(BaseHandler):
                     config["room_alias_name"] = room_alias.localpart
 
                     info, _ = await room_creation_handler.create_room(
-                        fake_requester, config=config, ratelimit=False,
+                        fake_requester,
+                        config=config,
+                        ratelimit=False,
                     )
 
                     # If the room does not require an invite, but another user
@@ -753,7 +759,10 @@ class RegistrationHandler(BaseHandler):
             return
 
         await self._auth_handler.add_threepid(
-            user_id, threepid["medium"], threepid["address"], threepid["validated_at"],
+            user_id,
+            threepid["medium"],
+            threepid["address"],
+            threepid["validated_at"],
         )
 
         # And we add an email pusher for them by default, but only
@@ -805,5 +814,8 @@ class RegistrationHandler(BaseHandler):
             raise
 
         await self._auth_handler.add_threepid(
-            user_id, threepid["medium"], threepid["address"], threepid["validated_at"],
+            user_id,
+            threepid["medium"],
+            threepid["address"],
+            threepid["validated_at"],
         )
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/room.py b/synapse/handlers/room.py
index 591a82f459..a488df10d6 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/room.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/room.py
@@ -198,7 +198,9 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
         if r is None:
             raise NotFoundError("Unknown room id %s" % (old_room_id,))
         new_room_id = await self._generate_room_id(
-            creator_id=user_id, is_public=r["is_public"], room_version=new_version,
+            creator_id=user_id,
+            is_public=r["is_public"],
+            room_version=new_version,
         )
 
         logger.info("Creating new room %s to replace %s", new_room_id, old_room_id)
@@ -236,7 +238,9 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
 
         # now send the tombstone
         await self.event_creation_handler.handle_new_client_event(
-            requester=requester, event=tombstone_event, context=tombstone_context,
+            requester=requester,
+            event=tombstone_event,
+            context=tombstone_context,
         )
 
         old_room_state = await tombstone_context.get_current_state_ids()
@@ -257,7 +261,10 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
         # finally, shut down the PLs in the old room, and update them in the new
         # room.
         await self._update_upgraded_room_pls(
-            requester, old_room_id, new_room_id, old_room_state,
+            requester,
+            old_room_id,
+            new_room_id,
+            old_room_state,
         )
 
         return new_room_id
@@ -570,7 +577,7 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
         ratelimit: bool = True,
         creator_join_profile: Optional[JsonDict] = None,
     ) -> Tuple[dict, int]:
-        """ Creates a new room.
+        """Creates a new room.
 
         Args:
             requester:
@@ -691,7 +698,9 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
         is_public = visibility == "public"
 
         room_id = await self._generate_room_id(
-            creator_id=user_id, is_public=is_public, room_version=room_version,
+            creator_id=user_id,
+            is_public=is_public,
+            room_version=room_version,
         )
 
         # Check whether this visibility value is blocked by a third party module
@@ -884,7 +893,10 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
                 _,
                 last_stream_id,
             ) = await self.event_creation_handler.create_and_send_nonmember_event(
-                creator, event, ratelimit=False, ignore_shadow_ban=True,
+                creator,
+                event,
+                ratelimit=False,
+                ignore_shadow_ban=True,
             )
             return last_stream_id
 
@@ -984,7 +996,10 @@ class RoomCreationHandler(BaseHandler):
         return last_sent_stream_id
 
     async def _generate_room_id(
-        self, creator_id: str, is_public: bool, room_version: RoomVersion,
+        self,
+        creator_id: str,
+        is_public: bool,
+        room_version: RoomVersion,
     ):
         # autogen room IDs and try to create it. We may clash, so just
         # try a few times till one goes through, giving up eventually.
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/room_member.py b/synapse/handlers/room_member.py
index a5da97cfe0..1660921306 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/room_member.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/room_member.py
@@ -191,7 +191,10 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         # do it up front for efficiency.)
         if txn_id and requester.access_token_id:
             existing_event_id = await self.store.get_event_id_from_transaction_id(
-                room_id, requester.user.to_string(), requester.access_token_id, txn_id,
+                room_id,
+                requester.user.to_string(),
+                requester.access_token_id,
+                txn_id,
             )
             if existing_event_id:
                 event_pos = await self.store.get_position_for_event(existing_event_id)
@@ -238,7 +241,11 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                     )
 
         result_event = await self.event_creation_handler.handle_new_client_event(
-            requester, event, context, extra_users=[target], ratelimit=ratelimit,
+            requester,
+            event,
+            context,
+            extra_users=[target],
+            ratelimit=ratelimit,
         )
 
         if event.membership == Membership.LEAVE:
@@ -583,7 +590,10 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                     # send the rejection to the inviter's HS (with fallback to
                     # local event)
                     return await self.remote_reject_invite(
-                        invite.event_id, txn_id, requester, content,
+                        invite.event_id,
+                        txn_id,
+                        requester,
+                        content,
                     )
 
                 # the inviter was on our server, but has now left. Carry on
@@ -1056,8 +1066,7 @@ class RoomMemberMasterHandler(RoomMemberHandler):
         user: UserID,
         content: dict,
     ) -> Tuple[str, int]:
-        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._remote_join
-        """
+        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._remote_join"""
         # filter ourselves out of remote_room_hosts: do_invite_join ignores it
         # and if it is the only entry we'd like to return a 404 rather than a
         # 500.
@@ -1211,7 +1220,10 @@ class RoomMemberMasterHandler(RoomMemberHandler):
         event.internal_metadata.out_of_band_membership = True
 
         result_event = await self.event_creation_handler.handle_new_client_event(
-            requester, event, context, extra_users=[UserID.from_string(target_user)],
+            requester,
+            event,
+            context,
+            extra_users=[UserID.from_string(target_user)],
         )
         # we know it was persisted, so must have a stream ordering
         assert result_event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
@@ -1219,8 +1231,7 @@ class RoomMemberMasterHandler(RoomMemberHandler):
         return result_event.event_id, result_event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
 
     async def _user_left_room(self, target: UserID, room_id: str) -> None:
-        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._user_left_room
-        """
+        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._user_left_room"""
         user_left_room(self.distributor, target, room_id)
 
     async def forget(self, user: UserID, room_id: str) -> None:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/room_member_worker.py b/synapse/handlers/room_member_worker.py
index f2e88f6a5b..108730a7a1 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/room_member_worker.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/room_member_worker.py
@@ -44,8 +44,7 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerHandler(RoomMemberHandler):
         user: UserID,
         content: dict,
     ) -> Tuple[str, int]:
-        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._remote_join
-        """
+        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._remote_join"""
         if len(remote_room_hosts) == 0:
             raise SynapseError(404, "No known servers")
 
@@ -80,8 +79,7 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerHandler(RoomMemberHandler):
         return ret["event_id"], ret["stream_id"]
 
     async def _user_left_room(self, target: UserID, room_id: str) -> None:
-        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._user_left_room
-        """
+        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._user_left_room"""
         await self._notify_change_client(
             user_id=target.to_string(), room_id=room_id, change="left"
         )
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/saml_handler.py b/synapse/handlers/saml_handler.py
index 78f130e152..a9645b77d8 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/saml_handler.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/saml_handler.py
@@ -121,7 +121,8 @@ class SamlHandler(BaseHandler):
 
         now = self.clock.time_msec()
         self._outstanding_requests_dict[reqid] = Saml2SessionData(
-            creation_time=now, ui_auth_session_id=ui_auth_session_id,
+            creation_time=now,
+            ui_auth_session_id=ui_auth_session_id,
         )
 
         for key, value in info["headers"]:
@@ -450,7 +451,8 @@ class DefaultSamlMappingProvider:
             mxid_source = saml_response.ava[self._mxid_source_attribute][0]
         except KeyError:
             logger.warning(
-                "SAML2 response lacks a '%s' attestation", self._mxid_source_attribute,
+                "SAML2 response lacks a '%s' attestation",
+                self._mxid_source_attribute,
             )
             raise SynapseError(
                 400, "%s not in SAML2 response" % (self._mxid_source_attribute,)
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/sso.py b/synapse/handlers/sso.py
index a63fd52485..514b1f69d8 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/sso.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/sso.py
@@ -327,7 +327,8 @@ class SsoHandler:
 
         # Check if we already have a mapping for this user.
         previously_registered_user_id = await self._store.get_user_by_external_id(
-            auth_provider_id, remote_user_id,
+            auth_provider_id,
+            remote_user_id,
         )
 
         # A match was found, return the user ID.
@@ -416,7 +417,8 @@ class SsoHandler:
         with await self._mapping_lock.queue(auth_provider_id):
             # first of all, check if we already have a mapping for this user
             user_id = await self.get_sso_user_by_remote_user_id(
-                auth_provider_id, remote_user_id,
+                auth_provider_id,
+                remote_user_id,
             )
 
             # Check for grandfathering of users.
@@ -461,7 +463,8 @@ class SsoHandler:
         )
 
     async def _call_attribute_mapper(
-        self, sso_to_matrix_id_mapper: Callable[[int], Awaitable[UserAttributes]],
+        self,
+        sso_to_matrix_id_mapper: Callable[[int], Awaitable[UserAttributes]],
     ) -> UserAttributes:
         """Call the attribute mapper function in a loop, until we get a unique userid"""
         for i in range(self._MAP_USERNAME_RETRIES):
@@ -632,7 +635,8 @@ class SsoHandler:
         """
 
         user_id = await self.get_sso_user_by_remote_user_id(
-            auth_provider_id, remote_user_id,
+            auth_provider_id,
+            remote_user_id,
         )
 
         user_id_to_verify = await self._auth_handler.get_session_data(
@@ -671,7 +675,8 @@ class SsoHandler:
 
         # render an error page.
         html = self._bad_user_template.render(
-            server_name=self._server_name, user_id_to_verify=user_id_to_verify,
+            server_name=self._server_name,
+            user_id_to_verify=user_id_to_verify,
         )
         respond_with_html(request, 200, html)
 
@@ -695,7 +700,9 @@ class SsoHandler:
         raise SynapseError(400, "unknown session")
 
     async def check_username_availability(
-        self, localpart: str, session_id: str,
+        self,
+        localpart: str,
+        session_id: str,
     ) -> bool:
         """Handle an "is username available" callback check
 
@@ -833,7 +840,8 @@ class SsoHandler:
         )
 
         attributes = UserAttributes(
-            localpart=session.chosen_localpart, emails=session.emails_to_use,
+            localpart=session.chosen_localpart,
+            emails=session.emails_to_use,
         )
 
         if session.use_display_name:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/stats.py b/synapse/handlers/stats.py
index d261d7cd4e..924281144c 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/stats.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/stats.py
@@ -63,8 +63,7 @@ class StatsHandler:
             self.clock.call_later(0, self.notify_new_event)
 
     def notify_new_event(self) -> None:
-        """Called when there may be more deltas to process
-        """
+        """Called when there may be more deltas to process"""
         if not self.stats_enabled or self._is_processing:
             return
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/sync.py b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
index 5c7590f38e..4e8ed7b33f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/sync.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
@@ -339,8 +339,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
         since_token: Optional[StreamToken] = None,
         full_state: bool = False,
     ) -> SyncResult:
-        """Get the sync for client needed to match what the server has now.
-        """
+        """Get the sync for client needed to match what the server has now."""
         return await self.generate_sync_result(sync_config, since_token, full_state)
 
     async def push_rules_for_user(self, user: UserID) -> JsonDict:
@@ -564,7 +563,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
         stream_position: StreamToken,
         state_filter: StateFilter = StateFilter.all(),
     ) -> StateMap[str]:
-        """ Get the room state at a particular stream position
+        """Get the room state at a particular stream position
 
         Args:
             room_id: room for which to get state
@@ -598,7 +597,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
         state: MutableStateMap[EventBase],
         now_token: StreamToken,
     ) -> Optional[JsonDict]:
-        """ Works out a room summary block for this room, summarising the number
+        """Works out a room summary block for this room, summarising the number
         of joined members in the room, and providing the 'hero' members if the
         room has no name so clients can consistently name rooms.  Also adds
         state events to 'state' if needed to describe the heroes.
@@ -743,7 +742,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
         now_token: StreamToken,
         full_state: bool,
     ) -> MutableStateMap[EventBase]:
-        """ Works out the difference in state between the start of the timeline
+        """Works out the difference in state between the start of the timeline
         and the previous sync.
 
         Args:
@@ -820,8 +819,10 @@ class SyncHandler:
                 )
             elif batch.limited:
                 if batch:
-                    state_at_timeline_start = await self.state_store.get_state_ids_for_event(
-                        batch.events[0].event_id, state_filter=state_filter
+                    state_at_timeline_start = (
+                        await self.state_store.get_state_ids_for_event(
+                            batch.events[0].event_id, state_filter=state_filter
+                        )
                     )
                 else:
                     # We can get here if the user has ignored the senders of all
@@ -955,8 +956,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
         since_token: Optional[StreamToken] = None,
         full_state: bool = False,
     ) -> SyncResult:
-        """Generates a sync result.
-        """
+        """Generates a sync result."""
         # NB: The now_token gets changed by some of the generate_sync_* methods,
         # this is due to some of the underlying streams not supporting the ability
         # to query up to a given point.
@@ -1030,8 +1030,8 @@ class SyncHandler:
             one_time_key_counts = await self.store.count_e2e_one_time_keys(
                 user_id, device_id
             )
-            unused_fallback_key_types = await self.store.get_e2e_unused_fallback_key_types(
-                user_id, device_id
+            unused_fallback_key_types = (
+                await self.store.get_e2e_unused_fallback_key_types(user_id, device_id)
             )
 
         logger.debug("Fetching group data")
@@ -1176,8 +1176,10 @@ class SyncHandler:
             # weren't in the previous sync *or* they left and rejoined.
             users_that_have_changed.update(newly_joined_or_invited_users)
 
-            user_signatures_changed = await self.store.get_users_whose_signatures_changed(
-                user_id, since_token.device_list_key
+            user_signatures_changed = (
+                await self.store.get_users_whose_signatures_changed(
+                    user_id, since_token.device_list_key
+                )
             )
             users_that_have_changed.update(user_signatures_changed)
 
@@ -1393,8 +1395,10 @@ class SyncHandler:
                         logger.debug("no-oping sync")
                         return set(), set(), set(), set()
 
-        ignored_account_data = await self.store.get_global_account_data_by_type_for_user(
-            AccountDataTypes.IGNORED_USER_LIST, user_id=user_id
+        ignored_account_data = (
+            await self.store.get_global_account_data_by_type_for_user(
+                AccountDataTypes.IGNORED_USER_LIST, user_id=user_id
+            )
         )
 
         # If there is ignored users account data and it matches the proper type,
@@ -1499,8 +1503,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
     async def _get_rooms_changed(
         self, sync_result_builder: "SyncResultBuilder", ignored_users: FrozenSet[str]
     ) -> _RoomChanges:
-        """Gets the the changes that have happened since the last sync.
-        """
+        """Gets the the changes that have happened since the last sync."""
         user_id = sync_result_builder.sync_config.user.to_string()
         since_token = sync_result_builder.since_token
         now_token = sync_result_builder.now_token
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/typing.py b/synapse/handlers/typing.py
index 3f0dfc7a74..096d199f4c 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/typing.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/typing.py
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ class FollowerTypingHandler:
 
         if hs.config.worker.writers.typing != hs.get_instance_name():
             hs.get_federation_registry().register_instance_for_edu(
-                "m.typing", hs.config.worker.writers.typing,
+                "m.typing",
+                hs.config.worker.writers.typing,
             )
 
         # map room IDs to serial numbers
@@ -76,8 +77,7 @@ class FollowerTypingHandler:
         self.clock.looping_call(self._handle_timeouts, 5000)
 
     def _reset(self) -> None:
-        """Reset the typing handler's data caches.
-        """
+        """Reset the typing handler's data caches."""
         # map room IDs to serial numbers
         self._room_serials = {}
         # map room IDs to sets of users currently typing
@@ -149,8 +149,7 @@ class FollowerTypingHandler:
     def process_replication_rows(
         self, token: int, rows: List[TypingStream.TypingStreamRow]
     ) -> None:
-        """Should be called whenever we receive updates for typing stream.
-        """
+        """Should be called whenever we receive updates for typing stream."""
 
         if self._latest_room_serial > token:
             # The master has gone backwards. To prevent inconsistent data, just
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/user_directory.py b/synapse/handlers/user_directory.py
index 8aedf5072e..3dfb0a26c2 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/user_directory.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/user_directory.py
@@ -97,8 +97,7 @@ class UserDirectoryHandler(StateDeltasHandler):
         return results
 
     def notify_new_event(self) -> None:
-        """Called when there may be more deltas to process
-        """
+        """Called when there may be more deltas to process"""
         if not self.update_user_directory:
             return
 
@@ -134,8 +133,7 @@ class UserDirectoryHandler(StateDeltasHandler):
             )
 
     async def handle_user_deactivated(self, user_id: str) -> None:
-        """Called when a user ID is deactivated
-        """
+        """Called when a user ID is deactivated"""
         # FIXME(#3714): We should probably do this in the same worker as all
         # the other changes.
         await self.store.remove_from_user_dir(user_id)
@@ -172,8 +170,7 @@ class UserDirectoryHandler(StateDeltasHandler):
                 await self.store.update_user_directory_stream_pos(max_pos)
 
     async def _handle_deltas(self, deltas: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> None:
-        """Called with the state deltas to process
-        """
+        """Called with the state deltas to process"""
         for delta in deltas:
             typ = delta["type"]
             state_key = delta["state_key"]
diff --git a/synapse/http/__init__.py b/synapse/http/__init__.py
index 4bc3cb53f0..c658862fe6 100644
--- a/synapse/http/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/http/__init__.py
@@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ class QuieterFileBodyProducer(FileBodyProducer):
 
 
 def get_request_user_agent(request: IRequest, default: str = "") -> str:
-    """Return the last User-Agent header, or the given default.
-    """
+    """Return the last User-Agent header, or the given default."""
     # There could be raw utf-8 bytes in the User-Agent header.
 
     # N.B. if you don't do this, the logger explodes cryptically
diff --git a/synapse/http/client.py b/synapse/http/client.py
index 37ccf5ab98..73b414ccff 100644
--- a/synapse/http/client.py
+++ b/synapse/http/client.py
@@ -398,7 +398,8 @@ class SimpleHttpClient:
                 body_producer = None
                 if data is not None:
                     body_producer = QuieterFileBodyProducer(
-                        BytesIO(data), cooperator=self._cooperator,
+                        BytesIO(data),
+                        cooperator=self._cooperator,
                     )
 
                 request_deferred = treq.request(
@@ -413,7 +414,9 @@ class SimpleHttpClient:
                 # we use our own timeout mechanism rather than treq's as a workaround
                 # for https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/9534.
                 request_deferred = timeout_deferred(
-                    request_deferred, 60, self.hs.get_reactor(),
+                    request_deferred,
+                    60,
+                    self.hs.get_reactor(),
                 )
 
                 # turn timeouts into RequestTimedOutErrors
diff --git a/synapse/http/federation/matrix_federation_agent.py b/synapse/http/federation/matrix_federation_agent.py
index 113fd47134..2e83fa6773 100644
--- a/synapse/http/federation/matrix_federation_agent.py
+++ b/synapse/http/federation/matrix_federation_agent.py
@@ -195,8 +195,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgent:
 
 @implementer(IAgentEndpointFactory)
 class MatrixHostnameEndpointFactory:
-    """Factory for MatrixHostnameEndpoint for parsing to an Agent.
-    """
+    """Factory for MatrixHostnameEndpoint for parsing to an Agent."""
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -261,8 +260,7 @@ class MatrixHostnameEndpoint:
         self._srv_resolver = srv_resolver
 
     def connect(self, protocol_factory: IProtocolFactory) -> defer.Deferred:
-        """Implements IStreamClientEndpoint interface
-        """
+        """Implements IStreamClientEndpoint interface"""
 
         return run_in_background(self._do_connect, protocol_factory)
 
diff --git a/synapse/http/federation/well_known_resolver.py b/synapse/http/federation/well_known_resolver.py
index b3b6dbcab0..4def7d7633 100644
--- a/synapse/http/federation/well_known_resolver.py
+++ b/synapse/http/federation/well_known_resolver.py
@@ -81,8 +81,7 @@ class WellKnownLookupResult:
 
 
 class WellKnownResolver:
-    """Handles well-known lookups for matrix servers.
-    """
+    """Handles well-known lookups for matrix servers."""
 
     def __init__(
         self,
diff --git a/synapse/http/matrixfederationclient.py b/synapse/http/matrixfederationclient.py
index 19293bf673..cde42e9f5e 100644
--- a/synapse/http/matrixfederationclient.py
+++ b/synapse/http/matrixfederationclient.py
@@ -254,7 +254,8 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
         # Use a BlacklistingAgentWrapper to prevent circumventing the IP
         # blacklist via IP literals in server names
         self.agent = BlacklistingAgentWrapper(
-            self.agent, ip_blacklist=hs.config.federation_ip_range_blacklist,
+            self.agent,
+            ip_blacklist=hs.config.federation_ip_range_blacklist,
         )
 
         self.clock = hs.get_clock()
@@ -652,7 +653,7 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
         backoff_on_404: bool = False,
         try_trailing_slash_on_400: bool = False,
     ) -> Union[JsonDict, list]:
-        """ Sends the specified json data using PUT
+        """Sends the specified json data using PUT
 
         Args:
             destination: The remote server to send the HTTP request to.
@@ -740,7 +741,7 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
         ignore_backoff: bool = False,
         args: Optional[QueryArgs] = None,
     ) -> Union[JsonDict, list]:
-        """ Sends the specified json data using POST
+        """Sends the specified json data using POST
 
         Args:
             destination: The remote server to send the HTTP request to.
@@ -799,7 +800,11 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
             _sec_timeout = self.default_timeout
 
         body = await _handle_json_response(
-            self.reactor, _sec_timeout, request, response, start_ms,
+            self.reactor,
+            _sec_timeout,
+            request,
+            response,
+            start_ms,
         )
         return body
 
@@ -813,7 +818,7 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
         ignore_backoff: bool = False,
         try_trailing_slash_on_400: bool = False,
     ) -> Union[JsonDict, list]:
-        """ GETs some json from the given host homeserver and path
+        """GETs some json from the given host homeserver and path
 
         Args:
             destination: The remote server to send the HTTP request to.
@@ -994,7 +999,10 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
         except BodyExceededMaxSize:
             msg = "Requested file is too large > %r bytes" % (max_size,)
             logger.warning(
-                "{%s} [%s] %s", request.txn_id, request.destination, msg,
+                "{%s} [%s] %s",
+                request.txn_id,
+                request.destination,
+                msg,
             )
             raise SynapseError(502, msg, Codes.TOO_LARGE)
         except Exception as e:
diff --git a/synapse/http/request_metrics.py b/synapse/http/request_metrics.py
index 7c5defec82..0ec5d941b8 100644
--- a/synapse/http/request_metrics.py
+++ b/synapse/http/request_metrics.py
@@ -213,8 +213,7 @@ class RequestMetrics:
         self.update_metrics()
 
     def update_metrics(self):
-        """Updates the in flight metrics with values from this request.
-        """
+        """Updates the in flight metrics with values from this request."""
         new_stats = self.start_context.get_resource_usage()
 
         diff = new_stats - self._request_stats
diff --git a/synapse/http/server.py b/synapse/http/server.py
index 8249732b27..845db9b78d 100644
--- a/synapse/http/server.py
+++ b/synapse/http/server.py
@@ -76,8 +76,7 @@ HTML_ERROR_TEMPLATE = """<!DOCTYPE html>
 
 
 def return_json_error(f: failure.Failure, request: SynapseRequest) -> None:
-    """Sends a JSON error response to clients.
-    """
+    """Sends a JSON error response to clients."""
 
     if f.check(SynapseError):
         error_code = f.value.code
@@ -106,12 +105,17 @@ def return_json_error(f: failure.Failure, request: SynapseRequest) -> None:
                 pass
     else:
         respond_with_json(
-            request, error_code, error_dict, send_cors=True,
+            request,
+            error_code,
+            error_dict,
+            send_cors=True,
         )
 
 
 def return_html_error(
-    f: failure.Failure, request: Request, error_template: Union[str, jinja2.Template],
+    f: failure.Failure,
+    request: Request,
+    error_template: Union[str, jinja2.Template],
 ) -> None:
     """Sends an HTML error page corresponding to the given failure.
 
@@ -189,8 +193,7 @@ ServletCallback = Callable[
 
 
 class HttpServer(Protocol):
-    """ Interface for registering callbacks on a HTTP server
-    """
+    """Interface for registering callbacks on a HTTP server"""
 
     def register_paths(
         self,
@@ -199,7 +202,7 @@ class HttpServer(Protocol):
         callback: ServletCallback,
         servlet_classname: str,
     ) -> None:
-        """ Register a callback that gets fired if we receive a http request
+        """Register a callback that gets fired if we receive a http request
         with the given method for a path that matches the given regex.
 
         If the regex contains groups these gets passed to the callback via
@@ -235,8 +238,7 @@ class _AsyncResource(resource.Resource, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         self._extract_context = extract_context
 
     def render(self, request):
-        """ This gets called by twisted every time someone sends us a request.
-        """
+        """This gets called by twisted every time someone sends us a request."""
         defer.ensureDeferred(self._async_render_wrapper(request))
         return NOT_DONE_YET
 
@@ -287,13 +289,18 @@ class _AsyncResource(resource.Resource, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def _send_response(
-        self, request: SynapseRequest, code: int, response_object: Any,
+        self,
+        request: SynapseRequest,
+        code: int,
+        response_object: Any,
     ) -> None:
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def _send_error_response(
-        self, f: failure.Failure, request: SynapseRequest,
+        self,
+        f: failure.Failure,
+        request: SynapseRequest,
     ) -> None:
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
@@ -308,10 +315,12 @@ class DirectServeJsonResource(_AsyncResource):
         self.canonical_json = canonical_json
 
     def _send_response(
-        self, request: Request, code: int, response_object: Any,
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        code: int,
+        response_object: Any,
     ):
-        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_response
-        """
+        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_response"""
         # TODO: Only enable CORS for the requests that need it.
         respond_with_json(
             request,
@@ -322,15 +331,16 @@ class DirectServeJsonResource(_AsyncResource):
         )
 
     def _send_error_response(
-        self, f: failure.Failure, request: SynapseRequest,
+        self,
+        f: failure.Failure,
+        request: SynapseRequest,
     ) -> None:
-        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_error_response
-        """
+        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_error_response"""
         return_json_error(f, request)
 
 
 class JsonResource(DirectServeJsonResource):
-    """ This implements the HttpServer interface and provides JSON support for
+    """This implements the HttpServer interface and provides JSON support for
     Resources.
 
     Register callbacks via register_paths()
@@ -443,10 +453,12 @@ class DirectServeHtmlResource(_AsyncResource):
     ERROR_TEMPLATE = HTML_ERROR_TEMPLATE
 
     def _send_response(
-        self, request: SynapseRequest, code: int, response_object: Any,
+        self,
+        request: SynapseRequest,
+        code: int,
+        response_object: Any,
     ):
-        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_response
-        """
+        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_response"""
         # We expect to get bytes for us to write
         assert isinstance(response_object, bytes)
         html_bytes = response_object
@@ -454,10 +466,11 @@ class DirectServeHtmlResource(_AsyncResource):
         respond_with_html_bytes(request, 200, html_bytes)
 
     def _send_error_response(
-        self, f: failure.Failure, request: SynapseRequest,
+        self,
+        f: failure.Failure,
+        request: SynapseRequest,
     ) -> None:
-        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_error_response
-        """
+        """Implements _AsyncResource._send_error_response"""
         return_html_error(f, request, self.ERROR_TEMPLATE)
 
 
@@ -534,7 +547,9 @@ class _ByteProducer:
     min_chunk_size = 1024
 
     def __init__(
-        self, request: Request, iterator: Iterator[bytes],
+        self,
+        request: Request,
+        iterator: Iterator[bytes],
     ):
         self._request = request
         self._iterator = iterator
@@ -654,7 +669,10 @@ def respond_with_json(
 
 
 def respond_with_json_bytes(
-    request: Request, code: int, json_bytes: bytes, send_cors: bool = False,
+    request: Request,
+    code: int,
+    json_bytes: bytes,
+    send_cors: bool = False,
 ):
     """Sends encoded JSON in response to the given request.
 
@@ -769,7 +787,7 @@ def respond_with_redirect(request: Request, url: bytes) -> None:
 
 
 def finish_request(request: Request):
-    """ Finish writing the response to the request.
+    """Finish writing the response to the request.
 
     Twisted throws a RuntimeException if the connection closed before the
     response was written but doesn't provide a convenient or reliable way to
diff --git a/synapse/http/servlet.py b/synapse/http/servlet.py
index b361b7cbaf..0e637f4701 100644
--- a/synapse/http/servlet.py
+++ b/synapse/http/servlet.py
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def assert_params_in_dict(body, required):
 
 class RestServlet:
 
-    """ A Synapse REST Servlet.
+    """A Synapse REST Servlet.
 
     An implementing class can either provide its own custom 'register' method,
     or use the automatic pattern handling provided by the base class.
diff --git a/synapse/http/site.py b/synapse/http/site.py
index 12ec3f851f..4a4fb5ef26 100644
--- a/synapse/http/site.py
+++ b/synapse/http/site.py
@@ -249,8 +249,7 @@ class SynapseRequest(Request):
         )
 
     def _finished_processing(self):
-        """Log the completion of this request and update the metrics
-        """
+        """Log the completion of this request and update the metrics"""
         assert self.logcontext is not None
         usage = self.logcontext.get_resource_usage()
 
@@ -276,7 +275,8 @@ class SynapseRequest(Request):
             # authenticated (e.g. and admin is puppetting a user) then we log both.
             if self.requester.user.to_string() != authenticated_entity:
                 authenticated_entity = "{},{}".format(
-                    authenticated_entity, self.requester.user.to_string(),
+                    authenticated_entity,
+                    self.requester.user.to_string(),
                 )
         elif self.requester is not None:
             # This shouldn't happen, but we log it so we don't lose information
@@ -322,8 +322,7 @@ class SynapseRequest(Request):
             logger.warning("Failed to stop metrics: %r", e)
 
     def _should_log_request(self) -> bool:
-        """Whether we should log at INFO that we processed the request.
-        """
+        """Whether we should log at INFO that we processed the request."""
         if self.path == b"/health":
             return False
 
diff --git a/synapse/logging/_remote.py b/synapse/logging/_remote.py
index fb937b3f28..f8e9112b56 100644
--- a/synapse/logging/_remote.py
+++ b/synapse/logging/_remote.py
@@ -174,7 +174,9 @@ class RemoteHandler(logging.Handler):
 
             # Make a new producer and start it.
             self._producer = LogProducer(
-                buffer=self._buffer, transport=result.transport, format=self.format,
+                buffer=self._buffer,
+                transport=result.transport,
+                format=self.format,
             )
             result.transport.registerProducer(self._producer, True)
             self._producer.resumeProducing()
diff --git a/synapse/logging/_structured.py b/synapse/logging/_structured.py
index 14d9c104c2..3e054f615c 100644
--- a/synapse/logging/_structured.py
+++ b/synapse/logging/_structured.py
@@ -60,7 +60,10 @@ def parse_drain_configs(
             )
 
         # Either use the default formatter or the tersejson one.
-        if logging_type in (DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON, DrainType.FILE_JSON,):
+        if logging_type in (
+            DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON,
+            DrainType.FILE_JSON,
+        ):
             formatter = "json"  # type: Optional[str]
         elif logging_type in (
             DrainType.CONSOLE_JSON_TERSE,
@@ -131,7 +134,9 @@ def parse_drain_configs(
             )
 
 
-def setup_structured_logging(log_config: dict,) -> dict:
+def setup_structured_logging(
+    log_config: dict,
+) -> dict:
     """
     Convert a legacy structured logging configuration (from Synapse < v1.23.0)
     to one compatible with the new standard library handlers.
diff --git a/synapse/logging/context.py b/synapse/logging/context.py
index c2db8b45f3..78e27bfb00 100644
--- a/synapse/logging/context.py
+++ b/synapse/logging/context.py
@@ -338,7 +338,10 @@ class LoggingContext:
         if self.previous_context != old_context:
             logcontext_error(
                 "Expected previous context %r, found %r"
-                % (self.previous_context, old_context,)
+                % (
+                    self.previous_context,
+                    old_context,
+                )
             )
         return self
 
@@ -562,7 +565,7 @@ class LoggingContextFilter(logging.Filter):
 class PreserveLoggingContext:
     """Context manager which replaces the logging context
 
-     The previous logging context is restored on exit."""
+    The previous logging context is restored on exit."""
 
     __slots__ = ["_old_context", "_new_context"]
 
@@ -585,7 +588,10 @@ class PreserveLoggingContext:
             else:
                 logcontext_error(
                     "Expected logging context %s but found %s"
-                    % (self._new_context, context,)
+                    % (
+                        self._new_context,
+                        context,
+                    )
                 )
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/logging/opentracing.py b/synapse/logging/opentracing.py
index 0538350f38..10bd4a1461 100644
--- a/synapse/logging/opentracing.py
+++ b/synapse/logging/opentracing.py
@@ -238,8 +238,7 @@ try:
 
     @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True)
     class _WrappedRustReporter:
-        """Wrap the reporter to ensure `report_span` never throws.
-        """
+        """Wrap the reporter to ensure `report_span` never throws."""
 
         _reporter = attr.ib(type=Reporter, default=attr.Factory(Reporter))
 
@@ -326,8 +325,7 @@ def noop_context_manager(*args, **kwargs):
 
 
 def init_tracer(hs: "HomeServer"):
-    """Set the whitelists and initialise the JaegerClient tracer
-    """
+    """Set the whitelists and initialise the JaegerClient tracer"""
     global opentracing
     if not hs.config.opentracer_enabled:
         # We don't have a tracer
@@ -384,7 +382,7 @@ def whitelisted_homeserver(destination):
 
     Args:
         destination (str)
-        """
+    """
 
     if _homeserver_whitelist:
         return _homeserver_whitelist.match(destination)
diff --git a/synapse/logging/utils.py b/synapse/logging/utils.py
index becf66dd86..fd3543ab04 100644
--- a/synapse/logging/utils.py
+++ b/synapse/logging/utils.py
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ def _log_debug_as_f(f, msg, msg_args):
 
 
 def log_function(f):
-    """ Function decorator that logs every call to that function.
-    """
+    """Function decorator that logs every call to that function."""
     func_name = f.__name__
 
     @wraps(f)
diff --git a/synapse/metrics/__init__.py b/synapse/metrics/__init__.py
index cbf0dbb871..a8cb49d5b4 100644
--- a/synapse/metrics/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/metrics/__init__.py
@@ -155,8 +155,7 @@ class InFlightGauge:
             self._registrations.setdefault(key, set()).add(callback)
 
     def unregister(self, key, callback):
-        """Registers that we've exited a block with labels `key`.
-        """
+        """Registers that we've exited a block with labels `key`."""
 
         with self._lock:
             self._registrations.setdefault(key, set()).discard(callback)
@@ -402,7 +401,9 @@ class PyPyGCStats:
         #     Total time spent in GC:  0.073                  # s.total_gc_time
 
         pypy_gc_time = CounterMetricFamily(
-            "pypy_gc_time_seconds_total", "Total time spent in PyPy GC", labels=[],
+            "pypy_gc_time_seconds_total",
+            "Total time spent in PyPy GC",
+            labels=[],
         )
         pypy_gc_time.add_metric([], s.total_gc_time / 1000)
         yield pypy_gc_time
diff --git a/synapse/metrics/_exposition.py b/synapse/metrics/_exposition.py
index 734271e765..71320a1402 100644
--- a/synapse/metrics/_exposition.py
+++ b/synapse/metrics/_exposition.py
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ class MetricsHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
     @classmethod
     def factory(cls, registry):
         """Returns a dynamic MetricsHandler class tied
-           to the passed registry.
+        to the passed registry.
         """
         # This implementation relies on MetricsHandler.registry
         #  (defined above and defaulted to REGISTRY).
diff --git a/synapse/metrics/background_process_metrics.py b/synapse/metrics/background_process_metrics.py
index 70e0fa45d9..b56986d8e7 100644
--- a/synapse/metrics/background_process_metrics.py
+++ b/synapse/metrics/background_process_metrics.py
@@ -208,7 +208,8 @@ def run_as_background_process(desc: str, func, *args, bg_start_span=True, **kwar
                     return await maybe_awaitable(func(*args, **kwargs))
             except Exception:
                 logger.exception(
-                    "Background process '%s' threw an exception", desc,
+                    "Background process '%s' threw an exception",
+                    desc,
                 )
             finally:
                 _background_process_in_flight_count.labels(desc).dec()
@@ -249,8 +250,7 @@ class BackgroundProcessLoggingContext(LoggingContext):
         self._proc = _BackgroundProcess(name, self)
 
     def start(self, rusage: "Optional[resource._RUsage]"):
-        """Log context has started running (again).
-        """
+        """Log context has started running (again)."""
 
         super().start(rusage)
 
@@ -261,8 +261,7 @@ class BackgroundProcessLoggingContext(LoggingContext):
             _background_processes_active_since_last_scrape.add(self._proc)
 
     def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback) -> None:
-        """Log context has finished.
-        """
+        """Log context has finished."""
 
         super().__exit__(type, value, traceback)
 
diff --git a/synapse/module_api/__init__.py b/synapse/module_api/__init__.py
index 401d577293..2e3b311c4a 100644
--- a/synapse/module_api/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/module_api/__init__.py
@@ -275,7 +275,9 @@ class ModuleApi:
                 redirect them directly if whitelisted).
         """
         self._auth_handler._complete_sso_login(
-            registered_user_id, request, client_redirect_url,
+            registered_user_id,
+            request,
+            client_redirect_url,
         )
 
     async def complete_sso_login_async(
@@ -352,7 +354,10 @@ class ModuleApi:
             event,
             _,
         ) = await self._hs.get_event_creation_handler().create_and_send_nonmember_event(
-            requester, event_dict, ratelimit=False, ignore_shadow_ban=True,
+            requester,
+            event_dict,
+            ratelimit=False,
+            ignore_shadow_ban=True,
         )
 
         return event
diff --git a/synapse/notifier.py b/synapse/notifier.py
index 0745899b48..1374aae490 100644
--- a/synapse/notifier.py
+++ b/synapse/notifier.py
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ def count(func: Callable[[T], bool], it: Iterable[T]) -> int:
 
 
 class _NotificationListener:
-    """ This represents a single client connection to the events stream.
+    """This represents a single client connection to the events stream.
     The events stream handler will have yielded to the deferred, so to
     notify the handler it is sufficient to resolve the deferred.
     """
@@ -119,7 +119,10 @@ class _NotifierUserStream:
             self.notify_deferred = ObservableDeferred(defer.Deferred())
 
     def notify(
-        self, stream_key: str, stream_id: Union[int, RoomStreamToken], time_now_ms: int,
+        self,
+        stream_key: str,
+        stream_id: Union[int, RoomStreamToken],
+        time_now_ms: int,
     ):
         """Notify any listeners for this user of a new event from an
         event source.
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ class _NotifierUserStream:
             noify_deferred.callback(self.current_token)
 
     def remove(self, notifier: "Notifier"):
-        """ Remove this listener from all the indexes in the Notifier
+        """Remove this listener from all the indexes in the Notifier
         it knows about.
         """
 
@@ -186,7 +189,7 @@ class _PendingRoomEventEntry:
 
 
 class Notifier:
-    """ This class is responsible for notifying any listeners when there are
+    """This class is responsible for notifying any listeners when there are
     new events available for it.
 
     Primarily used from the /events stream.
@@ -265,8 +268,7 @@ class Notifier:
         max_room_stream_token: RoomStreamToken,
         extra_users: Collection[UserID] = [],
     ):
-        """Unwraps event and calls `on_new_room_event_args`.
-        """
+        """Unwraps event and calls `on_new_room_event_args`."""
         self.on_new_room_event_args(
             event_pos=event_pos,
             room_id=event.room_id,
@@ -341,7 +343,10 @@ class Notifier:
 
         if users or rooms:
             self.on_new_event(
-                "room_key", max_room_stream_token, users=users, rooms=rooms,
+                "room_key",
+                max_room_stream_token,
+                users=users,
+                rooms=rooms,
             )
             self._on_updated_room_token(max_room_stream_token)
 
@@ -392,7 +397,7 @@ class Notifier:
         users: Collection[Union[str, UserID]] = [],
         rooms: Collection[str] = [],
     ):
-        """ Used to inform listeners that something has happened event wise.
+        """Used to inform listeners that something has happened event wise.
 
         Will wake up all listeners for the given users and rooms.
         """
@@ -418,7 +423,9 @@ class Notifier:
 
             # Notify appservices
             self._notify_app_services_ephemeral(
-                stream_key, new_token, users,
+                stream_key,
+                new_token,
+                users,
             )
 
     def on_new_replication_data(self) -> None:
@@ -502,7 +509,7 @@ class Notifier:
         is_guest: bool = False,
         explicit_room_id: str = None,
     ) -> EventStreamResult:
-        """ For the given user and rooms, return any new events for them. If
+        """For the given user and rooms, return any new events for them. If
         there are no new events wait for up to `timeout` milliseconds for any
         new events to happen before returning.
 
@@ -651,8 +658,7 @@ class Notifier:
             cb()
 
     def notify_remote_server_up(self, server: str):
-        """Notify any replication that a remote server has come back up
-        """
+        """Notify any replication that a remote server has come back up"""
         # We call federation_sender directly rather than registering as a
         # callback as a) we already have a reference to it and b) it introduces
         # circular dependencies.
diff --git a/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py b/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py
index 6317f22d3c..c016a83909 100644
--- a/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py
+++ b/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py
@@ -144,8 +144,7 @@ class BulkPushRuleEvaluator:
 
     @lru_cache()
     def _get_rules_for_room(self, room_id: str) -> "RulesForRoom":
-        """Get the current RulesForRoom object for the given room id
-        """
+        """Get the current RulesForRoom object for the given room id"""
         # It's important that RulesForRoom gets added to self._get_rules_for_room.cache
         # before any lookup methods get called on it as otherwise there may be
         # a race if invalidate_all gets called (which assumes its in the cache)
@@ -252,7 +251,9 @@ class BulkPushRuleEvaluator:
         # notified for this event. (This will then get handled when we persist
         # the event)
         await self.store.add_push_actions_to_staging(
-            event.event_id, actions_by_user, count_as_unread,
+            event.event_id,
+            actions_by_user,
+            count_as_unread,
         )
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/push/emailpusher.py b/synapse/push/emailpusher.py
index 4ac1b31748..5fec2aaf5d 100644
--- a/synapse/push/emailpusher.py
+++ b/synapse/push/emailpusher.py
@@ -116,8 +116,7 @@ class EmailPusher(Pusher):
         self._is_processing = True
 
     def _resume_processing(self) -> None:
-        """Used by tests to resume processing of events after pausing.
-        """
+        """Used by tests to resume processing of events after pausing."""
         assert self._is_processing
         self._is_processing = False
         self._start_processing()
@@ -157,8 +156,10 @@ class EmailPusher(Pusher):
         being run.
         """
         start = 0 if INCLUDE_ALL_UNREAD_NOTIFS else self.last_stream_ordering
-        unprocessed = await self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(
-            self.user_id, start, self.max_stream_ordering
+        unprocessed = (
+            await self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(
+                self.user_id, start, self.max_stream_ordering
+            )
         )
 
         soonest_due_at = None  # type: Optional[int]
@@ -222,12 +223,14 @@ class EmailPusher(Pusher):
         self, last_stream_ordering: int
     ) -> None:
         self.last_stream_ordering = last_stream_ordering
-        pusher_still_exists = await self.store.update_pusher_last_stream_ordering_and_success(
-            self.app_id,
-            self.email,
-            self.user_id,
-            last_stream_ordering,
-            self.clock.time_msec(),
+        pusher_still_exists = (
+            await self.store.update_pusher_last_stream_ordering_and_success(
+                self.app_id,
+                self.email,
+                self.user_id,
+                last_stream_ordering,
+                self.clock.time_msec(),
+            )
         )
         if not pusher_still_exists:
             # The pusher has been deleted while we were processing, so
@@ -298,7 +301,8 @@ class EmailPusher(Pusher):
                     current_throttle_ms * THROTTLE_MULTIPLIER, THROTTLE_MAX_MS
                 )
         self.throttle_params[room_id] = ThrottleParams(
-            self.clock.time_msec(), new_throttle_ms,
+            self.clock.time_msec(),
+            new_throttle_ms,
         )
         assert self.pusher_id is not None
         await self.store.set_throttle_params(
diff --git a/synapse/push/httppusher.py b/synapse/push/httppusher.py
index e048b0d59e..b9d3da2e0a 100644
--- a/synapse/push/httppusher.py
+++ b/synapse/push/httppusher.py
@@ -176,8 +176,10 @@ class HttpPusher(Pusher):
         Never call this directly: use _process which will only allow this to
         run once per pusher.
         """
-        unprocessed = await self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(
-            self.user_id, self.last_stream_ordering, self.max_stream_ordering
+        unprocessed = (
+            await self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(
+                self.user_id, self.last_stream_ordering, self.max_stream_ordering
+            )
         )
 
         logger.info(
@@ -204,12 +206,14 @@ class HttpPusher(Pusher):
                 http_push_processed_counter.inc()
                 self.backoff_delay = HttpPusher.INITIAL_BACKOFF_SEC
                 self.last_stream_ordering = push_action["stream_ordering"]
-                pusher_still_exists = await self.store.update_pusher_last_stream_ordering_and_success(
-                    self.app_id,
-                    self.pushkey,
-                    self.user_id,
-                    self.last_stream_ordering,
-                    self.clock.time_msec(),
+                pusher_still_exists = (
+                    await self.store.update_pusher_last_stream_ordering_and_success(
+                        self.app_id,
+                        self.pushkey,
+                        self.user_id,
+                        self.last_stream_ordering,
+                        self.clock.time_msec(),
+                    )
                 )
                 if not pusher_still_exists:
                     # The pusher has been deleted while we were processing, so
@@ -290,7 +294,8 @@ class HttpPusher(Pusher):
                     # for sanity, we only remove the pushkey if it
                     # was the one we actually sent...
                     logger.warning(
-                        ("Ignoring rejected pushkey %s because we didn't send it"), pk,
+                        ("Ignoring rejected pushkey %s because we didn't send it"),
+                        pk,
                     )
                 else:
                     logger.info("Pushkey %s was rejected: removing", pk)
diff --git a/synapse/push/pusherpool.py b/synapse/push/pusherpool.py
index eed16dbfb5..ae1145be0e 100644
--- a/synapse/push/pusherpool.py
+++ b/synapse/push/pusherpool.py
@@ -78,8 +78,7 @@ class PusherPool:
         self.pushers = {}  # type: Dict[str, Dict[str, Pusher]]
 
     def start(self) -> None:
-        """Starts the pushers off in a background process.
-        """
+        """Starts the pushers off in a background process."""
         if not self._should_start_pushers:
             logger.info("Not starting pushers because they are disabled in the config")
             return
@@ -297,8 +296,7 @@ class PusherPool:
         return pusher
 
     async def _start_pushers(self) -> None:
-        """Start all the pushers
-        """
+        """Start all the pushers"""
         pushers = await self.store.get_all_pushers()
 
         # Stagger starting up the pushers so we don't completely drown the
@@ -335,7 +333,8 @@ class PusherPool:
             return None
         except Exception:
             logger.exception(
-                "Couldn't start pusher id %i: caught Exception", pusher_config.id,
+                "Couldn't start pusher id %i: caught Exception",
+                pusher_config.id,
             )
             return None
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/http/_base.py b/synapse/replication/http/_base.py
index 288727a566..8a3f113e76 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/http/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/http/_base.py
@@ -273,7 +273,10 @@ class ReplicationEndpoint(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         pattern = re.compile("^/_synapse/replication/%s/%s$" % (self.NAME, args))
 
         http_server.register_paths(
-            method, [pattern], self._check_auth_and_handle, self.__class__.__name__,
+            method,
+            [pattern],
+            self._check_auth_and_handle,
+            self.__class__.__name__,
         )
 
     def _check_auth_and_handle(self, request, **kwargs):
diff --git a/synapse/replication/http/account_data.py b/synapse/replication/http/account_data.py
index 52d32528ee..60899b6ad6 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/http/account_data.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/http/account_data.py
@@ -175,7 +175,11 @@ class ReplicationRemoveTagRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
         return {}
 
     async def _handle_request(self, request, user_id, room_id, tag):
-        max_stream_id = await self.handler.remove_tag_from_room(user_id, room_id, tag,)
+        max_stream_id = await self.handler.remove_tag_from_room(
+            user_id,
+            room_id,
+            tag,
+        )
 
         return 200, {"max_stream_id": max_stream_id}
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/http/membership.py b/synapse/replication/http/membership.py
index 84e002f934..439881be67 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/http/membership.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/http/membership.py
@@ -160,7 +160,10 @@ class ReplicationRemoteRejectInviteRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
 
         # hopefully we're now on the master, so this won't recurse!
         event_id, stream_id = await self.member_handler.remote_reject_invite(
-            invite_event_id, txn_id, requester, event_content,
+            invite_event_id,
+            txn_id,
+            requester,
+            event_content,
         )
 
         return 200, {"event_id": event_id, "stream_id": stream_id}
diff --git a/synapse/replication/http/register.py b/synapse/replication/http/register.py
index 7b12ec9060..d005f38767 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/http/register.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/http/register.py
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class ReplicationRegisterServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
-    """Register a new user
-    """
+    """Register a new user"""
 
     NAME = "register_user"
     PATH_ARGS = ("user_id",)
@@ -97,8 +96,7 @@ class ReplicationRegisterServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
 
 
 class ReplicationPostRegisterActionsServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
-    """Run any post registration actions
-    """
+    """Run any post registration actions"""
 
     NAME = "post_register"
     PATH_ARGS = ("user_id",)
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/commands.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/commands.py
index ac532ed588..0a9da79c32 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/commands.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/commands.py
@@ -196,8 +196,7 @@ class ErrorCommand(_SimpleCommand):
 
 
 class PingCommand(_SimpleCommand):
-    """Sent by either side as a keep alive. The data is arbitrary (often timestamp)
-    """
+    """Sent by either side as a keep alive. The data is arbitrary (often timestamp)"""
 
     NAME = "PING"
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/external_cache.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/external_cache.py
index 34fa3ff5b3..d89a36f25a 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/external_cache.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/external_cache.py
@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ class ExternalCache:
         return self._redis_connection is not None
 
     async def set(self, cache_name: str, key: str, value: Any, expiry_ms: int) -> None:
-        """Add the key/value to the named cache, with the expiry time given.
-        """
+        """Add the key/value to the named cache, with the expiry time given."""
 
         if self._redis_connection is None:
             return
@@ -76,13 +75,14 @@ class ExternalCache:
 
         return await make_deferred_yieldable(
             self._redis_connection.set(
-                self._get_redis_key(cache_name, key), encoded_value, pexpire=expiry_ms,
+                self._get_redis_key(cache_name, key),
+                encoded_value,
+                pexpire=expiry_ms,
             )
         )
 
     async def get(self, cache_name: str, key: str) -> Optional[Any]:
-        """Look up a key/value in the named cache.
-        """
+        """Look up a key/value in the named cache."""
 
         if self._redis_connection is None:
             return None
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/handler.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/handler.py
index 8ea8dcd587..d1d00c3717 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/handler.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/handler.py
@@ -303,7 +303,9 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
                 hs, outbound_redis_connection
             )
             hs.get_reactor().connectTCP(
-                hs.config.redis.redis_host, hs.config.redis.redis_port, self._factory,
+                hs.config.redis.redis_host,
+                hs.config.redis.redis_port,
+                self._factory,
             )
         else:
             client_name = hs.get_instance_name()
@@ -313,13 +315,11 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
             hs.get_reactor().connectTCP(host, port, self._factory)
 
     def get_streams(self) -> Dict[str, Stream]:
-        """Get a map from stream name to all streams.
-        """
+        """Get a map from stream name to all streams."""
         return self._streams
 
     def get_streams_to_replicate(self) -> List[Stream]:
-        """Get a list of streams that this instances replicates.
-        """
+        """Get a list of streams that this instances replicates."""
         return self._streams_to_replicate
 
     def on_REPLICATE(self, conn: AbstractConnection, cmd: ReplicateCommand):
@@ -340,7 +340,10 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
             current_token = stream.current_token(self._instance_name)
             self.send_command(
                 PositionCommand(
-                    stream.NAME, self._instance_name, current_token, current_token,
+                    stream.NAME,
+                    self._instance_name,
+                    current_token,
+                    current_token,
                 )
             )
 
@@ -592,8 +595,7 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
         self.send_command(cmd, ignore_conn=conn)
 
     def new_connection(self, connection: AbstractConnection):
-        """Called when we have a new connection.
-        """
+        """Called when we have a new connection."""
         self._connections.append(connection)
 
         # If we are connected to replication as a client (rather than a server)
@@ -620,8 +622,7 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
             )
 
     def lost_connection(self, connection: AbstractConnection):
-        """Called when a connection is closed/lost.
-        """
+        """Called when a connection is closed/lost."""
         # we no longer need _streams_by_connection for this connection.
         streams = self._streams_by_connection.pop(connection, None)
         if streams:
@@ -678,15 +679,13 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
     def send_user_sync(
         self, instance_id: str, user_id: str, is_syncing: bool, last_sync_ms: int
     ):
-        """Poke the master that a user has started/stopped syncing.
-        """
+        """Poke the master that a user has started/stopped syncing."""
         self.send_command(
             UserSyncCommand(instance_id, user_id, is_syncing, last_sync_ms)
         )
 
     def send_remove_pusher(self, app_id: str, push_key: str, user_id: str):
-        """Poke the master to remove a pusher for a user
-        """
+        """Poke the master to remove a pusher for a user"""
         cmd = RemovePusherCommand(app_id, push_key, user_id)
         self.send_command(cmd)
 
@@ -699,8 +698,7 @@ class ReplicationCommandHandler:
         device_id: str,
         last_seen: int,
     ):
-        """Tell the master that the user made a request.
-        """
+        """Tell the master that the user made a request."""
         cmd = UserIpCommand(user_id, access_token, ip, user_agent, device_id, last_seen)
         self.send_command(cmd)
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/protocol.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/protocol.py
index 804da994ea..e0b4ad314d 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/protocol.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/protocol.py
@@ -222,8 +222,7 @@ class BaseReplicationStreamProtocol(LineOnlyReceiver):
                 self.send_error("ping timeout")
 
     def lineReceived(self, line: bytes):
-        """Called when we've received a line
-        """
+        """Called when we've received a line"""
         with PreserveLoggingContext(self._logging_context):
             self._parse_and_dispatch_line(line)
 
@@ -299,8 +298,7 @@ class BaseReplicationStreamProtocol(LineOnlyReceiver):
         self.on_connection_closed()
 
     def send_error(self, error_string, *args):
-        """Send an error to remote and close the connection.
-        """
+        """Send an error to remote and close the connection."""
         self.send_command(ErrorCommand(error_string % args))
         self.close()
 
@@ -341,8 +339,7 @@ class BaseReplicationStreamProtocol(LineOnlyReceiver):
         self.last_sent_command = self.clock.time_msec()
 
     def _queue_command(self, cmd):
-        """Queue the command until the connection is ready to write to again.
-        """
+        """Queue the command until the connection is ready to write to again."""
         logger.debug("[%s] Queueing as conn %r, cmd: %r", self.id(), self.state, cmd)
         self.pending_commands.append(cmd)
 
@@ -355,8 +352,7 @@ class BaseReplicationStreamProtocol(LineOnlyReceiver):
             self.close()
 
     def _send_pending_commands(self):
-        """Send any queued commandes
-        """
+        """Send any queued commandes"""
         pending = self.pending_commands
         self.pending_commands = []
         for cmd in pending:
@@ -380,8 +376,7 @@ class BaseReplicationStreamProtocol(LineOnlyReceiver):
         self.state = ConnectionStates.PAUSED
 
     def resumeProducing(self):
-        """The remote has caught up after we started buffering!
-        """
+        """The remote has caught up after we started buffering!"""
         logger.info("[%s] Resume producing", self.id())
         self.state = ConnectionStates.ESTABLISHED
         self._send_pending_commands()
@@ -440,8 +435,7 @@ class BaseReplicationStreamProtocol(LineOnlyReceiver):
         return "%s-%s" % (self.name, self.conn_id)
 
     def lineLengthExceeded(self, line):
-        """Called when we receive a line that is above the maximum line length
-        """
+        """Called when we receive a line that is above the maximum line length"""
         self.send_error("Line length exceeded")
 
 
@@ -495,21 +489,18 @@ class ClientReplicationStreamProtocol(BaseReplicationStreamProtocol):
             self.send_error("Wrong remote")
 
     def replicate(self):
-        """Send the subscription request to the server
-        """
+        """Send the subscription request to the server"""
         logger.info("[%s] Subscribing to replication streams", self.id())
 
         self.send_command(ReplicateCommand())
 
 
 class AbstractConnection(abc.ABC):
-    """An interface for replication connections.
-    """
+    """An interface for replication connections."""
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def send_command(self, cmd: Command):
-        """Send the command down the connection
-        """
+        """Send the command down the connection"""
         pass
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/redis.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/redis.py
index 89f8af0f36..0e6155cf53 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/redis.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/redis.py
@@ -123,8 +123,7 @@ class RedisSubscriber(txredisapi.SubscriberProtocol, AbstractConnection):
         self.synapse_handler.send_positions_to_connection(self)
 
     def messageReceived(self, pattern: str, channel: str, message: str):
-        """Received a message from redis.
-        """
+        """Received a message from redis."""
         with PreserveLoggingContext(self._logging_context):
             self._parse_and_dispatch_message(message)
 
@@ -137,7 +136,8 @@ class RedisSubscriber(txredisapi.SubscriberProtocol, AbstractConnection):
             cmd = parse_command_from_line(message)
         except Exception:
             logger.exception(
-                "Failed to parse replication line: %r", message,
+                "Failed to parse replication line: %r",
+                message,
             )
             return
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/resource.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/resource.py
index 1d4ceac0f1..2018f9f29e 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/resource.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/resource.py
@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class ReplicationStreamProtocolFactory(Factory):
-    """Factory for new replication connections.
-    """
+    """Factory for new replication connections."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs):
         self.command_handler = hs.get_tcp_replication()
@@ -181,7 +180,8 @@ class ReplicationStreamer:
                             raise
 
                         logger.debug(
-                            "Sending %d updates", len(updates),
+                            "Sending %d updates",
+                            len(updates),
                         )
 
                         if updates:
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py
index 61b282ab2d..38809b5b7c 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py
@@ -183,7 +183,10 @@ class Stream:
             return [], upto_token, False
 
         updates, upto_token, limited = await self.update_function(
-            instance_name, from_token, upto_token, _STREAM_UPDATE_TARGET_ROW_COUNT,
+            instance_name,
+            from_token,
+            upto_token,
+            _STREAM_UPDATE_TARGET_ROW_COUNT,
         )
         return updates, upto_token, limited
 
@@ -339,8 +342,7 @@ class ReceiptsStream(Stream):
 
 
 class PushRulesStream(Stream):
-    """A user has changed their push rules
-    """
+    """A user has changed their push rules"""
 
     PushRulesStreamRow = namedtuple("PushRulesStreamRow", ("user_id",))  # str
 
@@ -362,8 +364,7 @@ class PushRulesStream(Stream):
 
 
 class PushersStream(Stream):
-    """A user has added/changed/removed a pusher
-    """
+    """A user has added/changed/removed a pusher"""
 
     PushersStreamRow = namedtuple(
         "PushersStreamRow",
@@ -416,8 +417,7 @@ class CachesStream(Stream):
 
 
 class PublicRoomsStream(Stream):
-    """The public rooms list changed
-    """
+    """The public rooms list changed"""
 
     PublicRoomsStreamRow = namedtuple(
         "PublicRoomsStreamRow",
@@ -463,8 +463,7 @@ class DeviceListsStream(Stream):
 
 
 class ToDeviceStream(Stream):
-    """New to_device messages for a client
-    """
+    """New to_device messages for a client"""
 
     ToDeviceStreamRow = namedtuple("ToDeviceStreamRow", ("entity",))  # str
 
@@ -481,8 +480,7 @@ class ToDeviceStream(Stream):
 
 
 class TagAccountDataStream(Stream):
-    """Someone added/removed a tag for a room
-    """
+    """Someone added/removed a tag for a room"""
 
     TagAccountDataStreamRow = namedtuple(
         "TagAccountDataStreamRow", ("user_id", "room_id", "data")  # str  # str  # dict
@@ -501,8 +499,7 @@ class TagAccountDataStream(Stream):
 
 
 class AccountDataStream(Stream):
-    """Global or per room account data was changed
-    """
+    """Global or per room account data was changed"""
 
     AccountDataStreamRow = namedtuple(
         "AccountDataStream",
@@ -589,8 +586,7 @@ class GroupServerStream(Stream):
 
 
 class UserSignatureStream(Stream):
-    """A user has signed their own device with their user-signing key
-    """
+    """A user has signed their own device with their user-signing key"""
 
     UserSignatureStreamRow = namedtuple("UserSignatureStreamRow", ("user_id"))  # str
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/events.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/events.py
index 86a62b71eb..fa5e37ba7b 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/events.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/events.py
@@ -113,8 +113,7 @@ TypeToRow = {Row.TypeId: Row for Row in _EventRows}
 
 
 class EventsStream(Stream):
-    """We received a new event, or an event went from being an outlier to not
-    """
+    """We received a new event, or an event went from being an outlier to not"""
 
     NAME = "events"
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/admin/groups.py b/synapse/rest/admin/groups.py
index d0c86b204a..ebc587aa06 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/admin/groups.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/admin/groups.py
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class DeleteGroupAdminRestServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Allows deleting of local groups
-    """
+    """Allows deleting of local groups"""
 
     PATTERNS = admin_patterns("/delete_group/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)")
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/admin/media.py b/synapse/rest/admin/media.py
index 8720b1401f..b996862c05 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/admin/media.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/admin/media.py
@@ -119,8 +119,7 @@ class QuarantineMediaByID(RestServlet):
 
 
 class ProtectMediaByID(RestServlet):
-    """Protect local media from being quarantined.
-    """
+    """Protect local media from being quarantined."""
 
     PATTERNS = admin_patterns("/media/protect/(?P<media_id>[^/]+)")
 
@@ -141,8 +140,7 @@ class ProtectMediaByID(RestServlet):
 
 
 class ListMediaInRoom(RestServlet):
-    """Lists all of the media in a given room.
-    """
+    """Lists all of the media in a given room."""
 
     PATTERNS = admin_patterns("/room/(?P<room_id>[^/]+)/media")
 
@@ -180,8 +178,7 @@ class PurgeMediaCacheRestServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class DeleteMediaByID(RestServlet):
-    """Delete local media by a given ID. Removes it from this server.
-    """
+    """Delete local media by a given ID. Removes it from this server."""
 
     PATTERNS = admin_patterns("/media/(?P<server_name>[^/]+)/(?P<media_id>[^/]+)")
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/admin/rooms.py b/synapse/rest/admin/rooms.py
index 491f9ca095..1a3a36f6cf 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/admin/rooms.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/admin/rooms.py
@@ -482,7 +482,8 @@ class MakeRoomAdminRestServlet(RestServlet):
 
             if not admin_user_id:
                 raise SynapseError(
-                    400, "No local admin user in room",
+                    400,
+                    "No local admin user in room",
                 )
 
             pl_content = power_levels.content
@@ -492,7 +493,8 @@ class MakeRoomAdminRestServlet(RestServlet):
             admin_user_id = create_event.sender
             if not self.is_mine_id(admin_user_id):
                 raise SynapseError(
-                    400, "No local admin user in room",
+                    400,
+                    "No local admin user in room",
                 )
 
         # Grant the user power equal to the room admin by attempting to send an
@@ -502,7 +504,8 @@ class MakeRoomAdminRestServlet(RestServlet):
         new_pl_content["users"][user_to_add] = new_pl_content["users"][admin_user_id]
 
         fake_requester = create_requester(
-            admin_user_id, authenticated_entity=requester.authenticated_entity,
+            admin_user_id,
+            authenticated_entity=requester.authenticated_entity,
         )
 
         try:
diff --git a/synapse/rest/admin/users.py b/synapse/rest/admin/users.py
index 9350c704b9..998a0ef671 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/admin/users.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/admin/users.py
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ class ResetPasswordRestServlet(RestServlet):
             }
         Returns:
             200 OK with empty object if success otherwise an error.
-        """
+    """
 
     PATTERNS = admin_patterns("/reset_password/(?P<target_user_id>[^/]*)")
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/login.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/login.py
index 0fb9419e58..6e2fbedd99 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/login.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/login.py
@@ -310,7 +310,9 @@ class LoginRestServlet(RestServlet):
         except jwt.PyJWTError as e:
             # A JWT error occurred, return some info back to the client.
             raise LoginError(
-                403, "JWT validation failed: %s" % (str(e),), errcode=Codes.FORBIDDEN,
+                403,
+                "JWT validation failed: %s" % (str(e),),
+                errcode=Codes.FORBIDDEN,
             )
 
         user = payload.get("sub", None)
@@ -375,7 +377,9 @@ class SsoRedirectServlet(RestServlet):
             request, "redirectUrl", required=True, encoding=None
         )
         sso_url = await self._sso_handler.handle_redirect_request(
-            request, client_redirect_url, idp_id,
+            request,
+            client_redirect_url,
+            idp_id,
         )
         logger.info("Redirecting to %s", sso_url)
         request.redirect(sso_url)
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py
index 85a66458c5..717c5f2b10 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py
@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ class ProfileDisplaynameRestServlet(RestServlet):
             new_name = content["displayname"]
         except Exception:
             raise SynapseError(
-                code=400, msg="Unable to parse name", errcode=Codes.BAD_JSON,
+                code=400,
+                msg="Unable to parse name",
+                errcode=Codes.BAD_JSON,
             )
 
         await self.profile_handler.set_displayname(user, requester, new_name, is_admin)
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/pusher.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/pusher.py
index 89823fcc39..0c148a213d 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/pusher.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/pusher.py
@@ -159,7 +159,9 @@ class PushersRemoveRestServlet(RestServlet):
         self.notifier.on_new_replication_data()
 
         respond_with_html_bytes(
-            request, 200, PushersRemoveRestServlet.SUCCESS_HTML,
+            request,
+            200,
+            PushersRemoveRestServlet.SUCCESS_HTML,
         )
         return None
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
index 90fd98c53e..9a1df30c29 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
@@ -362,7 +362,9 @@ class PublicRoomListRestServlet(TransactionRestServlet):
                 parse_and_validate_server_name(server)
             except ValueError:
                 raise SynapseError(
-                    400, "Invalid server name: %s" % (server,), Codes.INVALID_PARAM,
+                    400,
+                    "Invalid server name: %s" % (server,),
+                    Codes.INVALID_PARAM,
                 )
 
             try:
@@ -413,7 +415,9 @@ class PublicRoomListRestServlet(TransactionRestServlet):
                 parse_and_validate_server_name(server)
             except ValueError:
                 raise SynapseError(
-                    400, "Invalid server name: %s" % (server,), Codes.INVALID_PARAM,
+                    400,
+                    "Invalid server name: %s" % (server,),
+                    Codes.INVALID_PARAM,
                 )
 
             try:
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/account.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/account.py
index a84a2fb385..adf1d39728 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/account.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/account.py
@@ -193,7 +193,10 @@ class PasswordRestServlet(RestServlet):
             requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
             try:
                 params, session_id = await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
-                    requester, request, body, "modify your account password",
+                    requester,
+                    request,
+                    body,
+                    "modify your account password",
                 )
             except InteractiveAuthIncompleteError as e:
                 # The user needs to provide more steps to complete auth, but
@@ -312,7 +315,10 @@ class DeactivateAccountRestServlet(RestServlet):
             return 200, {}
 
         await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
-            requester, request, body, "deactivate your account",
+            requester,
+            request,
+            body,
+            "deactivate your account",
         )
         result = await self._deactivate_account_handler.deactivate_account(
             requester.user.to_string(),
@@ -703,7 +709,10 @@ class ThreepidAddRestServlet(RestServlet):
         assert_valid_client_secret(client_secret)
 
         await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
-            requester, request, body, "add a third-party identifier to your account",
+            requester,
+            request,
+            body,
+            "add a third-party identifier to your account",
         )
 
         validation_session = await self.identity_handler.validate_threepid_session(
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/devices.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/devices.py
index 314e01dfe4..3d07aadd39 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/devices.py
@@ -83,7 +83,10 @@ class DeleteDevicesRestServlet(RestServlet):
         assert_params_in_dict(body, ["devices"])
 
         await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
-            requester, request, body, "remove device(s) from your account",
+            requester,
+            request,
+            body,
+            "remove device(s) from your account",
         )
 
         await self.device_handler.delete_devices(
@@ -129,7 +132,10 @@ class DeviceRestServlet(RestServlet):
                 raise
 
         await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
-            requester, request, body, "remove a device from your account",
+            requester,
+            request,
+            body,
+            "remove a device from your account",
         )
 
         await self.device_handler.delete_device(requester.user.to_string(), device_id)
@@ -206,7 +212,9 @@ class DehydratedDeviceServlet(RestServlet):
 
         if "device_data" not in submission:
             raise errors.SynapseError(
-                400, "device_data missing", errcode=errors.Codes.MISSING_PARAM,
+                400,
+                "device_data missing",
+                errcode=errors.Codes.MISSING_PARAM,
             )
         elif not isinstance(submission["device_data"], dict):
             raise errors.SynapseError(
@@ -259,11 +267,15 @@ class ClaimDehydratedDeviceServlet(RestServlet):
 
         if "device_id" not in submission:
             raise errors.SynapseError(
-                400, "device_id missing", errcode=errors.Codes.MISSING_PARAM,
+                400,
+                "device_id missing",
+                errcode=errors.Codes.MISSING_PARAM,
             )
         elif not isinstance(submission["device_id"], str):
             raise errors.SynapseError(
-                400, "device_id must be a string", errcode=errors.Codes.INVALID_PARAM,
+                400,
+                "device_id must be a string",
+                errcode=errors.Codes.INVALID_PARAM,
             )
 
         result = await self.device_handler.rehydrate_device(
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/groups.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/groups.py
index 4fe712b30c..7cbfae8426 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/groups.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/groups.py
@@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ def _validate_group_id(f):
 
 
 class GroupServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get the group profile
-    """
+    """Get the group profile"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/profile$")
 
@@ -94,8 +93,7 @@ class GroupServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupSummaryServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get the full group summary
-    """
+    """Get the full group summary"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/summary$")
 
@@ -172,8 +170,7 @@ class GroupSummaryRoomsCatServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupCategoryServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get/add/update/delete a group category
-    """
+    """Get/add/update/delete a group category"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns(
         "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/categories/(?P<category_id>[^/]+)$"
@@ -229,8 +226,7 @@ class GroupCategoryServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupCategoriesServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get all group categories
-    """
+    """Get all group categories"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/categories/$")
 
@@ -253,8 +249,7 @@ class GroupCategoriesServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupRoleServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get/add/update/delete a group role
-    """
+    """Get/add/update/delete a group role"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/roles/(?P<role_id>[^/]+)$")
 
@@ -308,8 +303,7 @@ class GroupRoleServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupRolesServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get all group roles
-    """
+    """Get all group roles"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/roles/$")
 
@@ -386,8 +380,7 @@ class GroupSummaryUsersRoleServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupRoomServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get all rooms in a group
-    """
+    """Get all rooms in a group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/rooms$")
 
@@ -410,8 +403,7 @@ class GroupRoomServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupUsersServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get all users in a group
-    """
+    """Get all users in a group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/users$")
 
@@ -434,8 +426,7 @@ class GroupUsersServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupInvitedUsersServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get users invited to a group
-    """
+    """Get users invited to a group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/invited_users$")
 
@@ -458,8 +449,7 @@ class GroupInvitedUsersServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupSettingJoinPolicyServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Set group join policy
-    """
+    """Set group join policy"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/settings/m.join_policy$")
 
@@ -484,8 +474,7 @@ class GroupSettingJoinPolicyServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupCreateServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Create a group
-    """
+    """Create a group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/create_group$")
 
@@ -514,8 +503,7 @@ class GroupCreateServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupAdminRoomsServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Add a room to the group
-    """
+    """Add a room to the group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns(
         "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/admin/rooms/(?P<room_id>[^/]*)$"
@@ -558,8 +546,7 @@ class GroupAdminRoomsServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupAdminRoomsConfigServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Update the config of a room in a group
-    """
+    """Update the config of a room in a group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns(
         "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/admin/rooms/(?P<room_id>[^/]*)"
@@ -589,8 +576,7 @@ class GroupAdminRoomsConfigServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupAdminUsersInviteServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Invite a user to the group
-    """
+    """Invite a user to the group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns(
         "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/admin/users/invite/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)$"
@@ -620,8 +606,7 @@ class GroupAdminUsersInviteServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupAdminUsersKickServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Kick a user from the group
-    """
+    """Kick a user from the group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns(
         "/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/admin/users/remove/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)$"
@@ -648,8 +633,7 @@ class GroupAdminUsersKickServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupSelfLeaveServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Leave a joined group
-    """
+    """Leave a joined group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/self/leave$")
 
@@ -674,8 +658,7 @@ class GroupSelfLeaveServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupSelfJoinServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Attempt to join a group, or knock
-    """
+    """Attempt to join a group, or knock"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/self/join$")
 
@@ -700,8 +683,7 @@ class GroupSelfJoinServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupSelfAcceptInviteServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Accept a group invite
-    """
+    """Accept a group invite"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/self/accept_invite$")
 
@@ -726,8 +708,7 @@ class GroupSelfAcceptInviteServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupSelfUpdatePublicityServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Update whether we publicise a users membership of a group
-    """
+    """Update whether we publicise a users membership of a group"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/groups/(?P<group_id>[^/]*)/self/update_publicity$")
 
@@ -750,8 +731,7 @@ class GroupSelfUpdatePublicityServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class PublicisedGroupsForUserServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get the list of groups a user is advertising
-    """
+    """Get the list of groups a user is advertising"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/publicised_groups/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)$")
 
@@ -771,8 +751,7 @@ class PublicisedGroupsForUserServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class PublicisedGroupsForUsersServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get the list of groups a user is advertising
-    """
+    """Get the list of groups a user is advertising"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/publicised_groups$")
 
@@ -795,8 +774,7 @@ class PublicisedGroupsForUsersServlet(RestServlet):
 
 
 class GroupsForUserServlet(RestServlet):
-    """Get all groups the logged in user is joined to
-    """
+    """Get all groups the logged in user is joined to"""
 
     PATTERNS = client_patterns("/joined_groups$")
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py
index a6134ead8a..f092e5b3a2 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/keys.py
@@ -271,7 +271,10 @@ class SigningKeyUploadServlet(RestServlet):
         body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
 
         await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
-            requester, request, body, "add a device signing key to your account",
+            requester,
+            request,
+            body,
+            "add a device signing key to your account",
         )
 
         result = await self.e2e_keys_handler.upload_signing_keys_for_user(user_id, body)
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/register.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/register.py
index e3d322f2ac..8f68d8dfc8 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/register.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/register.py
@@ -522,7 +522,10 @@ class RegisterRestServlet(RestServlet):
         # not this will raise a user-interactive auth error.
         try:
             auth_result, params, session_id = await self.auth_handler.check_ui_auth(
-                self._registration_flows, request, body, "register a new account",
+                self._registration_flows,
+                request,
+                body,
+                "register a new account",
             )
         except InteractiveAuthIncompleteError as e:
             # The user needs to provide more steps to complete auth.
@@ -665,7 +668,9 @@ class RegisterRestServlet(RestServlet):
             username, as_token
         )
         return await self._create_registration_details(
-            user_id, body, is_appservice_ghost=True,
+            user_id,
+            body,
+            is_appservice_ghost=True,
         )
 
     async def _create_registration_details(
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/relations.py b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/relations.py
index 18c75738f8..fe765da23c 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/relations.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v2_alpha/relations.py
@@ -244,7 +244,9 @@ class RelationAggregationPaginationServlet(RestServlet):
         requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request, allow_guest=True)
 
         await self.auth.check_user_in_room_or_world_readable(
-            room_id, requester.user.to_string(), allow_departed_users=True,
+            room_id,
+            requester.user.to_string(),
+            allow_departed_users=True,
         )
 
         # This checks that a) the event exists and b) the user is allowed to
@@ -322,7 +324,9 @@ class RelationAggregationGroupPaginationServlet(RestServlet):
         requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request, allow_guest=True)
 
         await self.auth.check_user_in_room_or_world_readable(
-            room_id, requester.user.to_string(), allow_departed_users=True,
+            room_id,
+            requester.user.to_string(),
+            allow_departed_users=True,
         )
 
         # This checks that a) the event exists and b) the user is allowed to
diff --git a/synapse/rest/media/v1/download_resource.py b/synapse/rest/media/v1/download_resource.py
index 3ed219ae43..48f4433155 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/media/v1/download_resource.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/media/v1/download_resource.py
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ class DownloadResource(DirectServeJsonResource):
             b" object-src 'self';",
         )
         request.setHeader(
-            b"Referrer-Policy", b"no-referrer",
+            b"Referrer-Policy",
+            b"no-referrer",
         )
         server_name, media_id, name = parse_media_id(request)
         if server_name == self.server_name:
diff --git a/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py b/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py
index 635bccf775..a0162d4255 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py
@@ -325,7 +325,10 @@ class MediaRepository:
         # Failed to find the file anywhere, lets download it.
 
         try:
-            media_info = await self._download_remote_file(server_name, media_id,)
+            media_info = await self._download_remote_file(
+                server_name,
+                media_id,
+            )
         except SynapseError:
             raise
         except Exception as e:
@@ -351,7 +354,11 @@ class MediaRepository:
         responder = await self.media_storage.fetch_media(file_info)
         return responder, media_info
 
-    async def _download_remote_file(self, server_name: str, media_id: str,) -> dict:
+    async def _download_remote_file(
+        self,
+        server_name: str,
+        media_id: str,
+    ) -> dict:
         """Attempt to download the remote file from the given server name,
         using the given file_id as the local id.
 
@@ -773,7 +780,11 @@ class MediaRepository:
                         )
                     except Exception as e:
                         thumbnail_exists = await self.store.get_remote_media_thumbnail(
-                            server_name, media_id, t_width, t_height, t_type,
+                            server_name,
+                            media_id,
+                            t_width,
+                            t_height,
+                            t_type,
                         )
                         if not thumbnail_exists:
                             raise e
@@ -832,7 +843,10 @@ class MediaRepository:
         return await self._remove_local_media_from_disk([media_id])
 
     async def delete_old_local_media(
-        self, before_ts: int, size_gt: int = 0, keep_profiles: bool = True,
+        self,
+        before_ts: int,
+        size_gt: int = 0,
+        keep_profiles: bool = True,
     ) -> Tuple[List[str], int]:
         """
         Delete local or remote media from this server by size and timestamp. Removes
@@ -849,7 +863,9 @@ class MediaRepository:
             A tuple of (list of deleted media IDs, total deleted media IDs).
         """
         old_media = await self.store.get_local_media_before(
-            before_ts, size_gt, keep_profiles,
+            before_ts,
+            size_gt,
+            keep_profiles,
         )
         return await self._remove_local_media_from_disk(old_media)
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_storage.py b/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_storage.py
index aba6d689a8..1057e638be 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_storage.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_storage.py
@@ -85,8 +85,7 @@ class MediaStorage:
         return fname
 
     async def write_to_file(self, source: IO, output: IO):
-        """Asynchronously write the `source` to `output`.
-        """
+        """Asynchronously write the `source` to `output`."""
         await defer_to_thread(self.reactor, _write_file_synchronously, source, output)
 
     @contextlib.contextmanager
@@ -342,8 +341,7 @@ class ReadableFileWrapper:
     path = attr.ib(type=str)
 
     async def write_chunks_to(self, callback: Callable[[bytes], None]):
-        """Reads the file in chunks and calls the callback with each chunk.
-        """
+        """Reads the file in chunks and calls the callback with each chunk."""
 
         with open(self.path, "rb") as file:
             while True:
diff --git a/synapse/rest/media/v1/preview_url_resource.py b/synapse/rest/media/v1/preview_url_resource.py
index ae53b1d23f..6104ef4e46 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/media/v1/preview_url_resource.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/media/v1/preview_url_resource.py
@@ -580,8 +580,7 @@ class PreviewUrlResource(DirectServeJsonResource):
         )
 
     async def _expire_url_cache_data(self) -> None:
-        """Clean up expired url cache content, media and thumbnails.
-        """
+        """Clean up expired url cache content, media and thumbnails."""
         # TODO: Delete from backup media store
 
         assert self._worker_run_media_background_jobs
diff --git a/synapse/server_notices/resource_limits_server_notices.py b/synapse/server_notices/resource_limits_server_notices.py
index 8dd01fce76..6652451346 100644
--- a/synapse/server_notices/resource_limits_server_notices.py
+++ b/synapse/server_notices/resource_limits_server_notices.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class ResourceLimitsServerNotices:
-    """ Keeps track of whether the server has reached it's resource limit and
+    """Keeps track of whether the server has reached it's resource limit and
     ensures that the client is kept up to date.
     """
 
diff --git a/synapse/state/__init__.py b/synapse/state/__init__.py
index 28544ccb92..c3d6e80c49 100644
--- a/synapse/state/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/state/__init__.py
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ class StateHandler:
     async def resolve_state_groups_for_events(
         self, room_id: str, event_ids: Iterable[str]
     ) -> _StateCacheEntry:
-        """ Given a list of event_ids this method fetches the state at each
+        """Given a list of event_ids this method fetches the state at each
         event, resolves conflicts between them and returns them.
 
         Args:
@@ -570,7 +570,9 @@ class StateResolutionHandler:
                 return cache
 
             logger.info(
-                "Resolving state for %s with groups %s", room_id, list(group_names),
+                "Resolving state for %s with groups %s",
+                room_id,
+                list(group_names),
             )
 
             state_groups_histogram.observe(len(state_groups_ids))
@@ -656,11 +658,15 @@ class StateResolutionHandler:
             return
 
         self._report_biggest(
-            lambda i: i.cpu_time, "CPU time", _biggest_room_by_cpu_counter,
+            lambda i: i.cpu_time,
+            "CPU time",
+            _biggest_room_by_cpu_counter,
         )
 
         self._report_biggest(
-            lambda i: i.db_time, "DB time", _biggest_room_by_db_counter,
+            lambda i: i.db_time,
+            "DB time",
+            _biggest_room_by_db_counter,
         )
 
         self._state_res_metrics.clear()
diff --git a/synapse/state/v1.py b/synapse/state/v1.py
index 85edae053d..ce255da6fd 100644
--- a/synapse/state/v1.py
+++ b/synapse/state/v1.py
@@ -95,7 +95,11 @@ async def resolve_events_with_store(
         if event.room_id != room_id:
             raise Exception(
                 "Attempting to state-resolve for room %s with event %s which is in %s"
-                % (room_id, event.event_id, event.room_id,)
+                % (
+                    room_id,
+                    event.event_id,
+                    event.room_id,
+                )
             )
 
     # get the ids of the auth events which allow us to authenticate the
@@ -119,7 +123,11 @@ async def resolve_events_with_store(
         if event.room_id != room_id:
             raise Exception(
                 "Attempting to state-resolve for room %s with event %s which is in %s"
-                % (room_id, event.event_id, event.room_id,)
+                % (
+                    room_id,
+                    event.event_id,
+                    event.room_id,
+                )
             )
 
     state_map.update(state_map_new)
@@ -243,7 +251,7 @@ def _resolve_with_state(
 def _resolve_state_events(
     conflicted_state: StateMap[List[EventBase]], auth_events: MutableStateMap[EventBase]
 ) -> StateMap[EventBase]:
-    """ This is where we actually decide which of the conflicted state to
+    """This is where we actually decide which of the conflicted state to
     use.
 
     We resolve conflicts in the following order:
diff --git a/synapse/state/v2.py b/synapse/state/v2.py
index e585954bd8..e73a548ee4 100644
--- a/synapse/state/v2.py
+++ b/synapse/state/v2.py
@@ -118,7 +118,11 @@ async def resolve_events_with_store(
         if event.room_id != room_id:
             raise Exception(
                 "Attempting to state-resolve for room %s with event %s which is in %s"
-                % (room_id, event.event_id, event.room_id,)
+                % (
+                    room_id,
+                    event.event_id,
+                    event.room_id,
+                )
             )
 
     full_conflicted_set = {eid for eid in full_conflicted_set if eid in event_map}
diff --git a/synapse/storage/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
index c0d9d1240f..a3c52695e9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ __all__ = ["Databases", "DataStore"]
 
 
 class Storage:
-    """The high level interfaces for talking to various storage layers.
-    """
+    """The high level interfaces for talking to various storage layers."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer", stores: Databases):
         # We include the main data store here mainly so that we don't have to
diff --git a/synapse/storage/background_updates.py b/synapse/storage/background_updates.py
index 29b8ca676a..329660cf0f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/background_updates.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/background_updates.py
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class BackgroundUpdatePerformance:
 
 
 class BackgroundUpdater:
-    """ Background updates are updates to the database that run in the
+    """Background updates are updates to the database that run in the
     background. Each update processes a batch of data at once. We attempt to
     limit the impact of each update by monitoring how long each batch takes to
     process and autotuning the batch size.
@@ -158,8 +158,7 @@ class BackgroundUpdater:
         return False
 
     async def has_completed_background_update(self, update_name: str) -> bool:
-        """Check if the given background update has finished running.
-        """
+        """Check if the given background update has finished running."""
         if self._all_done:
             return True
 
@@ -198,7 +197,8 @@ class BackgroundUpdater:
 
         if not self._current_background_update:
             all_pending_updates = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-                "background_updates", get_background_updates_txn,
+                "background_updates",
+                get_background_updates_txn,
             )
             if not all_pending_updates:
                 # no work left to do
diff --git a/synapse/storage/database.py b/synapse/storage/database.py
index ae4bf1a54f..4646926449 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/database.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/database.py
@@ -85,8 +85,7 @@ UNIQUE_INDEX_BACKGROUND_UPDATES = {
 def make_pool(
     reactor, db_config: DatabaseConnectionConfig, engine: BaseDatabaseEngine
 ) -> adbapi.ConnectionPool:
-    """Get the connection pool for the database.
-    """
+    """Get the connection pool for the database."""
 
     # By default enable `cp_reconnect`. We need to fiddle with db_args in case
     # someone has explicitly set `cp_reconnect`.
@@ -432,8 +431,7 @@ class DatabasePool:
         )
 
     def is_running(self) -> bool:
-        """Is the database pool currently running
-        """
+        """Is the database pool currently running"""
         return self._db_pool.running
 
     async def _check_safe_to_upsert(self) -> None:
@@ -546,7 +544,11 @@ class DatabasePool:
                     # This can happen if the database disappears mid
                     # transaction.
                     transaction_logger.warning(
-                        "[TXN OPERROR] {%s} %s %d/%d", name, e, i, N,
+                        "[TXN OPERROR] {%s} %s %d/%d",
+                        name,
+                        e,
+                        i,
+                        N,
                     )
                     if i < N:
                         i += 1
@@ -567,7 +569,9 @@ class DatabasePool:
                                 conn.rollback()
                             except self.engine.module.Error as e1:
                                 transaction_logger.warning(
-                                    "[TXN EROLL] {%s} %s", name, e1,
+                                    "[TXN EROLL] {%s} %s",
+                                    name,
+                                    e1,
                                 )
                             continue
                     raise
@@ -1406,7 +1410,10 @@ class DatabasePool:
 
     @staticmethod
     def simple_select_onecol_txn(
-        txn: LoggingTransaction, table: str, keyvalues: Dict[str, Any], retcol: str,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        table: str,
+        keyvalues: Dict[str, Any],
+        retcol: str,
     ) -> List[Any]:
         sql = ("SELECT %(retcol)s FROM %(table)s") % {"retcol": retcol, "table": table}
 
@@ -1716,7 +1723,11 @@ class DatabasePool:
             desc: description of the transaction, for logging and metrics
         """
         await self.runInteraction(
-            desc, self.simple_delete_one_txn, table, keyvalues, db_autocommit=True,
+            desc,
+            self.simple_delete_one_txn,
+            table,
+            keyvalues,
+            db_autocommit=True,
         )
 
     @staticmethod
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/databases/__init__.py
index 0c24325011..e84f8b42f7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/__init__.py
@@ -56,7 +56,10 @@ class Databases:
                     database_config.databases,
                 )
                 prepare_database(
-                    db_conn, engine, hs.config, databases=database_config.databases,
+                    db_conn,
+                    engine,
+                    hs.config,
+                    databases=database_config.databases,
                 )
 
                 database = DatabasePool(hs, database_config, engine)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/appservice.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/appservice.py
index e550cbc866..03a38422a1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/appservice.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/appservice.py
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@ class ApplicationServiceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return self.services_cache
 
     def get_if_app_services_interested_in_user(self, user_id: str) -> bool:
-        """Check if the user is one associated with an app service (exclusively)
-        """
+        """Check if the user is one associated with an app service (exclusively)"""
         if self.exclusive_user_regex:
             return bool(self.exclusive_user_regex.match(user_id))
         else:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/client_ips.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/client_ips.py
index ea1e8fb580..6d18e692b0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/client_ips.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/client_ips.py
@@ -280,8 +280,7 @@ class ClientIpBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return batch_size
 
     async def _devices_last_seen_update(self, progress, batch_size):
-        """Background update to insert last seen info into devices table
-        """
+        """Background update to insert last seen info into devices table"""
 
         last_user_id = progress.get("last_user_id", "")
         last_device_id = progress.get("last_device_id", "")
@@ -363,8 +362,7 @@ class ClientIpWorkerStore(ClientIpBackgroundUpdateStore):
 
     @wrap_as_background_process("prune_old_user_ips")
     async def _prune_old_user_ips(self):
-        """Removes entries in user IPs older than the configured period.
-        """
+        """Removes entries in user IPs older than the configured period."""
 
         if self.user_ips_max_age is None:
             # Nothing to do
@@ -565,7 +563,11 @@ class ClientIpStore(ClientIpWorkerStore):
         results = {}
 
         for key in self._batch_row_update:
-            uid, access_token, ip, = key
+            (
+                uid,
+                access_token,
+                ip,
+            ) = key
             if uid == user_id:
                 user_agent, _, last_seen = self._batch_row_update[key]
                 results[(access_token, ip)] = (user_agent, last_seen)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py
index 659d8f245f..d327e9aa0b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py
@@ -315,7 +315,8 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
             # make sure we go through the devices in stream order
             device_ids = sorted(
-                user_devices.keys(), key=lambda i: query_map[(user_id, i)][0],
+                user_devices.keys(),
+                key=lambda i: query_map[(user_id, i)][0],
             )
 
             for device_id in device_ids:
@@ -366,8 +367,7 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     async def mark_as_sent_devices_by_remote(
         self, destination: str, stream_id: int
     ) -> None:
-        """Mark that updates have successfully been sent to the destination.
-        """
+        """Mark that updates have successfully been sent to the destination."""
         await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
             "mark_as_sent_devices_by_remote",
             self._mark_as_sent_devices_by_remote_txn,
@@ -681,7 +681,8 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return results
 
     async def get_user_ids_requiring_device_list_resync(
-        self, user_ids: Optional[Collection[str]] = None,
+        self,
+        user_ids: Optional[Collection[str]] = None,
     ) -> Set[str]:
         """Given a list of remote users return the list of users that we
         should resync the device lists for. If None is given instead of a list,
@@ -721,8 +722,7 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     async def mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed(self, user_id: str) -> None:
-        """Mark that we no longer track device lists for remote user.
-        """
+        """Mark that we no longer track device lists for remote user."""
 
         def _mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed_txn(txn):
             self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
@@ -902,7 +902,8 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             logger.info("Pruned %d device list outbound pokes", count)
 
         await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "_prune_old_outbound_device_pokes", _prune_txn,
+            "_prune_old_outbound_device_pokes",
+            _prune_txn,
         )
 
 
@@ -943,7 +944,8 @@ class DeviceBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         # clear out duplicate device list outbound pokes
         self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
-            BG_UPDATE_REMOVE_DUP_OUTBOUND_POKES, self._remove_duplicate_outbound_pokes,
+            BG_UPDATE_REMOVE_DUP_OUTBOUND_POKES,
+            self._remove_duplicate_outbound_pokes,
         )
 
         # a pair of background updates that were added during the 1.14 release cycle,
@@ -1004,17 +1006,23 @@ class DeviceBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
             row = None
             for row in rows:
                 self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
-                    txn, "device_lists_outbound_pokes", {x: row[x] for x in KEY_COLS},
+                    txn,
+                    "device_lists_outbound_pokes",
+                    {x: row[x] for x in KEY_COLS},
                 )
 
                 row["sent"] = False
                 self.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
-                    txn, "device_lists_outbound_pokes", row,
+                    txn,
+                    "device_lists_outbound_pokes",
+                    row,
                 )
 
             if row:
                 self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
-                    txn, BG_UPDATE_REMOVE_DUP_OUTBOUND_POKES, {"last_row": row},
+                    txn,
+                    BG_UPDATE_REMOVE_DUP_OUTBOUND_POKES,
+                    {"last_row": row},
                 )
 
             return len(rows)
@@ -1286,7 +1294,9 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, DeviceBackgroundUpdateStore):
         # we've done a full resync, so we remove the entry that says we need
         # to resync
         self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
-            txn, table="device_lists_remote_resync", keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
+            txn,
+            table="device_lists_remote_resync",
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
         )
 
     async def add_device_change_to_streams(
@@ -1336,7 +1346,9 @@ class DeviceStore(DeviceWorkerStore, DeviceBackgroundUpdateStore):
         stream_ids: List[str],
     ):
         txn.call_after(
-            self._device_list_stream_cache.entity_has_changed, user_id, stream_ids[-1],
+            self._device_list_stream_cache.entity_has_changed,
+            user_id,
+            stream_ids[-1],
         )
 
         min_stream_id = stream_ids[0]
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/directory.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/directory.py
index e5060d4c46..267b948397 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/directory.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/directory.py
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class DirectoryStore(DirectoryWorkerStore):
         servers: Iterable[str],
         creator: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
-        """ Creates an association between a room alias and room_id/servers
+        """Creates an association between a room alias and room_id/servers
 
         Args:
             room_alias: The alias to create.
@@ -160,7 +160,10 @@ class DirectoryStore(DirectoryWorkerStore):
         return room_id
 
     async def update_aliases_for_room(
-        self, old_room_id: str, new_room_id: str, creator: Optional[str] = None,
+        self,
+        old_room_id: str,
+        new_room_id: str,
+        creator: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Repoint all of the aliases for a given room, to a different room.
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/end_to_end_keys.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/end_to_end_keys.py
index 309f1e865b..f1e7859d26 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/end_to_end_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/end_to_end_keys.py
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(EndToEndKeyBackgroundStore):
     async def count_e2e_one_time_keys(
         self, user_id: str, device_id: str
     ) -> Dict[str, int]:
-        """ Count the number of one time keys the server has for a device
+        """Count the number of one time keys the server has for a device
         Returns:
             A mapping from algorithm to number of keys for that algorithm.
         """
@@ -494,7 +494,9 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(EndToEndKeyBackgroundStore):
         )
 
     def _get_bare_e2e_cross_signing_keys_bulk_txn(
-        self, txn: Connection, user_ids: List[str],
+        self,
+        txn: Connection,
+        user_ids: List[str],
     ) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, dict]]:
         """Returns the cross-signing keys for a set of users.  The output of this
         function should be passed to _get_e2e_cross_signing_signatures_txn if
@@ -556,7 +558,10 @@ class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(EndToEndKeyBackgroundStore):
         return result
 
     def _get_e2e_cross_signing_signatures_txn(
-        self, txn: Connection, keys: Dict[str, Dict[str, dict]], from_user_id: str,
+        self,
+        txn: Connection,
+        keys: Dict[str, Dict[str, dict]],
+        from_user_id: str,
     ) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, dict]]:
         """Returns the cross-signing signatures made by a user on a set of keys.
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py
index ddfb13e3ad..18ddb92fcc 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SignatureWorkerStore, SQLBas
         return await self.get_events_as_list(event_ids)
 
     async def get_auth_chain_ids(
-        self, event_ids: Collection[str], include_given: bool = False,
+        self,
+        event_ids: Collection[str],
+        include_given: bool = False,
     ) -> List[str]:
         """Get auth events for given event_ids. The events *must* be state events.
 
@@ -273,7 +275,8 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SignatureWorkerStore, SQLBas
                     # origin chain.
                     if origin_sequence_number <= chains.get(origin_chain_id, 0):
                         chains[target_chain_id] = max(
-                            target_sequence_number, chains.get(target_chain_id, 0),
+                            target_sequence_number,
+                            chains.get(target_chain_id, 0),
                         )
 
                 seen_chains.add(target_chain_id)
@@ -632,8 +635,7 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SignatureWorkerStore, SQLBas
         )
 
     async def get_min_depth(self, room_id: str) -> int:
-        """For the given room, get the minimum depth we have seen for it.
-        """
+        """For the given room, get the minimum depth we have seen for it."""
         return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
             "get_min_depth", self._get_min_depth_interaction, room_id
         )
@@ -858,12 +860,13 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SignatureWorkerStore, SQLBas
             )
 
         await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "_delete_old_forward_extrem_cache", _delete_old_forward_extrem_cache_txn,
+            "_delete_old_forward_extrem_cache",
+            _delete_old_forward_extrem_cache_txn,
         )
 
 
 class EventFederationStore(EventFederationWorkerStore):
-    """ Responsible for storing and serving up the various graphs associated
+    """Responsible for storing and serving up the various graphs associated
     with an event. Including the main event graph and the auth chains for an
     event.
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py
index 438383abe1..78245ad5bd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py
@@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ def _serialize_action(actions, is_highlight):
 
 
 def _deserialize_action(actions, is_highlight):
-    """Custom deserializer for actions. This allows us to "compress" common actions
-    """
+    """Custom deserializer for actions. This allows us to "compress" common actions"""
     if actions:
         return db_to_json(actions)
 
@@ -91,7 +90,10 @@ class EventPushActionsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
     @cached(num_args=3, tree=True, max_entries=5000)
     async def get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user(
-        self, room_id: str, user_id: str, last_read_event_id: Optional[str],
+        self,
+        room_id: str,
+        user_id: str,
+        last_read_event_id: Optional[str],
     ) -> Dict[str, int]:
         """Get the notification count, the highlight count and the unread message count
         for a given user in a given room after the given read receipt.
@@ -120,13 +122,19 @@ class EventPushActionsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     def _get_unread_counts_by_receipt_txn(
-        self, txn, room_id, user_id, last_read_event_id,
+        self,
+        txn,
+        room_id,
+        user_id,
+        last_read_event_id,
     ):
         stream_ordering = None
 
         if last_read_event_id is not None:
             stream_ordering = self.get_stream_id_for_event_txn(
-                txn, last_read_event_id, allow_none=True,
+                txn,
+                last_read_event_id,
+                allow_none=True,
             )
 
         if stream_ordering is None:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py
index 7abfb9112e..287606cb4f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py
@@ -399,7 +399,9 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         self._update_current_state_txn(txn, state_delta_for_room, min_stream_order)
 
     def _persist_event_auth_chain_txn(
-        self, txn: LoggingTransaction, events: List[EventBase],
+        self,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        events: List[EventBase],
     ) -> None:
 
         # We only care about state events, so this if there are no state events.
@@ -470,7 +472,11 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         event_to_room_id = {e.event_id: e.room_id for e in state_events.values()}
 
         self._add_chain_cover_index(
-            txn, self.db_pool, event_to_room_id, event_to_types, event_to_auth_chain,
+            txn,
+            self.db_pool,
+            event_to_room_id,
+            event_to_types,
+            event_to_auth_chain,
         )
 
     @classmethod
@@ -517,7 +523,10 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
             # simple_select_many, but this case happens rarely and almost always
             # with a single row.)
             auth_events = db_pool.simple_select_onecol_txn(
-                txn, "event_auth", keyvalues={"event_id": event_id}, retcol="auth_id",
+                txn,
+                "event_auth",
+                keyvalues={"event_id": event_id},
+                retcol="auth_id",
             )
 
             events_to_calc_chain_id_for.add(event_id)
@@ -550,7 +559,9 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
                 WHERE
             """
             clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
-                txn.database_engine, "event_id", missing_auth_chains,
+                txn.database_engine,
+                "event_id",
+                missing_auth_chains,
             )
             txn.execute(sql + clause, args)
 
@@ -704,7 +715,8 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
                 if chain_map[a_id][0] != chain_id
             }
             for start_auth_id, end_auth_id in itertools.permutations(
-                event_to_auth_chain.get(event_id, []), r=2,
+                event_to_auth_chain.get(event_id, []),
+                r=2,
             ):
                 if chain_links.exists_path_from(
                     chain_map[start_auth_id], chain_map[end_auth_id]
@@ -888,8 +900,7 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         txn: LoggingTransaction,
         events_and_contexts: List[Tuple[EventBase, EventContext]],
     ):
-        """Persist the mapping from transaction IDs to event IDs (if defined).
-        """
+        """Persist the mapping from transaction IDs to event IDs (if defined)."""
 
         to_insert = []
         for event, _ in events_and_contexts:
@@ -909,7 +920,9 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
 
         if to_insert:
             self.db_pool.simple_insert_many_txn(
-                txn, table="event_txn_id", values=to_insert,
+                txn,
+                table="event_txn_id",
+                values=to_insert,
             )
 
     def _update_current_state_txn(
@@ -941,7 +954,9 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
                 txn.execute(sql, (stream_id, self._instance_name, room_id))
 
                 self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
-                    txn, table="current_state_events", keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
+                    txn,
+                    table="current_state_events",
+                    keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
                 )
             else:
                 # We're still in the room, so we update the current state as normal.
@@ -1608,8 +1623,7 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         )
 
     def _store_room_members_txn(self, txn, events, backfilled):
-        """Store a room member in the database.
-        """
+        """Store a room member in the database."""
 
         def str_or_none(val: Any) -> Optional[str]:
             return val if isinstance(val, str) else None
@@ -2001,8 +2015,7 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
 
 @attr.s(slots=True)
 class _LinkMap:
-    """A helper type for tracking links between chains.
-    """
+    """A helper type for tracking links between chains."""
 
     # Stores the set of links as nested maps: source chain ID -> target chain ID
     # -> source sequence number -> target sequence number.
@@ -2108,7 +2121,9 @@ class _LinkMap:
                 yield (src_chain, src_seq, target_chain, target_seq)
 
     def exists_path_from(
-        self, src_tuple: Tuple[int, int], target_tuple: Tuple[int, int],
+        self,
+        src_tuple: Tuple[int, int],
+        target_tuple: Tuple[int, int],
     ) -> bool:
         """Checks if there is a path between the source chain ID/sequence and
         target chain ID/sequence.
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py
index 5ca4fa6817..89274e75f7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_bg_updates.py
@@ -32,8 +32,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True)
 class _CalculateChainCover:
-    """Return value for _calculate_chain_cover_txn.
-    """
+    """Return value for _calculate_chain_cover_txn."""
 
     # The last room_id/depth/stream processed.
     room_id = attr.ib(type=str)
@@ -127,11 +126,13 @@ class EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
         self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
-            "rejected_events_metadata", self._rejected_events_metadata,
+            "rejected_events_metadata",
+            self._rejected_events_metadata,
         )
 
         self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
-            "chain_cover", self._chain_cover_index,
+            "chain_cover",
+            self._chain_cover_index,
         )
 
     async def _background_reindex_fields_sender(self, progress, batch_size):
@@ -462,8 +463,7 @@ class EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return num_handled
 
     async def _redactions_received_ts(self, progress, batch_size):
-        """Handles filling out the `received_ts` column in redactions.
-        """
+        """Handles filling out the `received_ts` column in redactions."""
         last_event_id = progress.get("last_event_id", "")
 
         def _redactions_received_ts_txn(txn):
@@ -518,8 +518,7 @@ class EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return count
 
     async def _event_fix_redactions_bytes(self, progress, batch_size):
-        """Undoes hex encoded censored redacted event JSON.
-        """
+        """Undoes hex encoded censored redacted event JSON."""
 
         def _event_fix_redactions_bytes_txn(txn):
             # This update is quite fast due to new index.
@@ -642,7 +641,13 @@ class EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 LIMIT ?
             """
 
-            txn.execute(sql, (last_event_id, batch_size,))
+            txn.execute(
+                sql,
+                (
+                    last_event_id,
+                    batch_size,
+                ),
+            )
 
             return [(row[0], row[1], db_to_json(row[2]), row[3], row[4]) for row in txn]  # type: ignore
 
@@ -910,7 +915,11 @@ class EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
         # Annoyingly we need to gut wrench into the persit event store so that
         # we can reuse the function to calculate the chain cover for rooms.
         PersistEventsStore._add_chain_cover_index(
-            txn, self.db_pool, event_to_room_id, event_to_types, event_to_auth_chain,
+            txn,
+            self.db_pool,
+            event_to_room_id,
+            event_to_types,
+            event_to_auth_chain,
         )
 
         return _CalculateChainCover(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_forward_extremities.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_forward_extremities.py
index 0ac1da9c35..b3703ae161 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_forward_extremities.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_forward_extremities.py
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ class EventForwardExtremitiesStore(SQLBaseStore):
             if txn.rowcount > 0:
                 # Invalidate the cache
                 self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
-                    txn, self.get_latest_event_ids_in_room, (room_id,),
+                    txn,
+                    self.get_latest_event_ids_in_room,
+                    (room_id,),
                 )
 
             return txn.rowcount
@@ -97,5 +99,6 @@ class EventForwardExtremitiesStore(SQLBaseStore):
             return self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)
 
         return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "get_forward_extremities_for_room", get_forward_extremities_for_room_txn,
+            "get_forward_extremities_for_room",
+            get_forward_extremities_for_room_txn,
         )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_worker.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_worker.py
index 71d823be72..c8850a4707 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_worker.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events_worker.py
@@ -120,7 +120,9 @@ class EventsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             # SQLite).
             if hs.get_instance_name() in hs.config.worker.writers.events:
                 self._stream_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-                    db_conn, "events", "stream_ordering",
+                    db_conn,
+                    "events",
+                    "stream_ordering",
                 )
                 self._backfill_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
                     db_conn,
@@ -140,7 +142,8 @@ class EventsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         if hs.config.run_background_tasks:
             # We periodically clean out old transaction ID mappings
             self._clock.looping_call(
-                self._cleanup_old_transaction_ids, 5 * 60 * 1000,
+                self._cleanup_old_transaction_ids,
+                5 * 60 * 1000,
             )
 
         self._get_event_cache = LruCache(
@@ -1325,8 +1328,7 @@ class EventsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return rows, to_token, True
 
     async def is_event_after(self, event_id1, event_id2):
-        """Returns True if event_id1 is after event_id2 in the stream
-        """
+        """Returns True if event_id1 is after event_id2 in the stream"""
         to_1, so_1 = await self.get_event_ordering(event_id1)
         to_2, so_2 = await self.get_event_ordering(event_id2)
         return (to_1, so_1) > (to_2, so_2)
@@ -1428,8 +1430,7 @@ class EventsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
     @wrap_as_background_process("_cleanup_old_transaction_ids")
     async def _cleanup_old_transaction_ids(self):
-        """Cleans out transaction id mappings older than 24hrs.
-        """
+        """Cleans out transaction id mappings older than 24hrs."""
 
         def _cleanup_old_transaction_ids_txn(txn):
             sql = """
@@ -1440,5 +1441,6 @@ class EventsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             txn.execute(sql, (one_day_ago,))
 
         return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "_cleanup_old_transaction_ids", _cleanup_old_transaction_ids_txn,
+            "_cleanup_old_transaction_ids",
+            _cleanup_old_transaction_ids_txn,
         )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/group_server.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/group_server.py
index 7218191965..abc19f71ac 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/group_server.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/group_server.py
@@ -123,7 +123,9 @@ class GroupServerWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     async def get_rooms_for_summary_by_category(
-        self, group_id: str, include_private: bool = False,
+        self,
+        group_id: str,
+        include_private: bool = False,
     ) -> Tuple[List[Dict[str, Any]], Dict[str, Any]]:
         """Get the rooms and categories that should be included in a summary request
 
@@ -368,8 +370,7 @@ class GroupServerWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     async def is_user_invited_to_local_group(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str
     ) -> Optional[bool]:
-        """Has the group server invited a user?
-        """
+        """Has the group server invited a user?"""
         return await self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol(
             table="group_invites",
             keyvalues={"group_id": group_id, "user_id": user_id},
@@ -427,8 +428,7 @@ class GroupServerWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     async def get_publicised_groups_for_user(self, user_id: str) -> List[str]:
-        """Get all groups a user is publicising
-        """
+        """Get all groups a user is publicising"""
         return await self.db_pool.simple_select_onecol(
             table="local_group_membership",
             keyvalues={"user_id": user_id, "membership": "join", "is_publicised": True},
@@ -437,8 +437,7 @@ class GroupServerWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     async def get_attestations_need_renewals(self, valid_until_ms):
-        """Get all attestations that need to be renewed until givent time
-        """
+        """Get all attestations that need to be renewed until givent time"""
 
         def _get_attestations_need_renewals_txn(txn):
             sql = """
@@ -781,8 +780,7 @@ class GroupServerStore(GroupServerWorkerStore):
         profile: Optional[JsonDict],
         is_public: Optional[bool],
     ) -> None:
-        """Add/update room category for group
-        """
+        """Add/update room category for group"""
         insertion_values = {}
         update_values = {"category_id": category_id}  # This cannot be empty
 
@@ -818,8 +816,7 @@ class GroupServerStore(GroupServerWorkerStore):
         profile: Optional[JsonDict],
         is_public: Optional[bool],
     ) -> None:
-        """Add/remove user role
-        """
+        """Add/remove user role"""
         insertion_values = {}
         update_values = {"role_id": role_id}  # This cannot be empty
 
@@ -1012,8 +1009,7 @@ class GroupServerStore(GroupServerWorkerStore):
         )
 
     async def add_group_invite(self, group_id: str, user_id: str) -> None:
-        """Record that the group server has invited a user
-        """
+        """Record that the group server has invited a user"""
         await self.db_pool.simple_insert(
             table="group_invites",
             values={"group_id": group_id, "user_id": user_id},
@@ -1156,8 +1152,7 @@ class GroupServerStore(GroupServerWorkerStore):
     async def update_group_publicity(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, publicise: bool
     ) -> None:
-        """Update whether the user is publicising their membership of the group
-        """
+        """Update whether the user is publicising their membership of the group"""
         await self.db_pool.simple_update_one(
             table="local_group_membership",
             keyvalues={"group_id": group_id, "user_id": user_id},
@@ -1300,8 +1295,7 @@ class GroupServerStore(GroupServerWorkerStore):
     async def update_attestation_renewal(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, attestation: dict
     ) -> None:
-        """Update an attestation that we have renewed
-        """
+        """Update an attestation that we have renewed"""
         await self.db_pool.simple_update_one(
             table="group_attestations_renewals",
             keyvalues={"group_id": group_id, "user_id": user_id},
@@ -1312,8 +1306,7 @@ class GroupServerStore(GroupServerWorkerStore):
     async def update_remote_attestion(
         self, group_id: str, user_id: str, attestation: dict
     ) -> None:
-        """Update an attestation that a remote has renewed
-        """
+        """Update an attestation that a remote has renewed"""
         await self.db_pool.simple_update_one(
             table="group_attestations_remote",
             keyvalues={"group_id": group_id, "user_id": user_id},
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/keys.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/keys.py
index e97026dc2e..d504323b03 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/keys.py
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ db_binary_type = memoryview
 
 
 class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
-    """Persistence for signature verification keys
-    """
+    """Persistence for signature verification keys"""
 
     @cached()
     def _get_server_verify_key(self, server_name_and_key_id):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/media_repository.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/media_repository.py
index e017177655..a0313c3ccf 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/media_repository.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/media_repository.py
@@ -169,7 +169,10 @@ class MediaRepositoryStore(MediaRepositoryBackgroundUpdateStore):
         )
 
     async def get_local_media_before(
-        self, before_ts: int, size_gt: int, keep_profiles: bool,
+        self,
+        before_ts: int,
+        size_gt: int,
+        keep_profiles: bool,
     ) -> List[str]:
 
         # to find files that have never been accessed (last_access_ts IS NULL)
@@ -454,10 +457,14 @@ class MediaRepositoryStore(MediaRepositoryBackgroundUpdateStore):
         )
 
     async def get_remote_media_thumbnail(
-        self, origin: str, media_id: str, t_width: int, t_height: int, t_type: str,
+        self,
+        origin: str,
+        media_id: str,
+        t_width: int,
+        t_height: int,
+        t_type: str,
     ) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
-        """Fetch the thumbnail info of given width, height and type.
-        """
+        """Fetch the thumbnail info of given width, height and type."""
 
         return await self.db_pool.simple_select_one(
             table="remote_media_cache_thumbnails",
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/presence.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/presence.py
index dbbb99cb95..29edab34d4 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/presence.py
@@ -130,7 +130,9 @@ class PresenceStore(SQLBaseStore):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="_get_presence_for_user", list_name="user_ids", num_args=1,
+        cached_method_name="_get_presence_for_user",
+        list_name="user_ids",
+        num_args=1,
     )
     async def get_presence_for_users(self, user_ids):
         rows = await self.db_pool.simple_select_many_batch(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/profile.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/profile.py
index 54ef0f1f54..ba01d3108a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/profile.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/profile.py
@@ -118,8 +118,7 @@ class ProfileWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             )
 
     async def is_subscribed_remote_profile_for_user(self, user_id):
-        """Check whether we are interested in a remote user's profile.
-        """
+        """Check whether we are interested in a remote user's profile."""
         res = await self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol(
             table="group_users",
             keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
@@ -145,8 +144,7 @@ class ProfileWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     async def get_remote_profile_cache_entries_that_expire(
         self, last_checked: int
     ) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
-        """Get all users who haven't been checked since `last_checked`
-        """
+        """Get all users who haven't been checked since `last_checked`"""
 
         def _get_remote_profile_cache_entries_that_expire_txn(txn):
             sql = """
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py
index 711d5aa23d..9e58dc0e6a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py
@@ -168,7 +168,9 @@ class PushRulesWorkerStore(
             )
 
     @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="get_push_rules_for_user", list_name="user_ids", num_args=1,
+        cached_method_name="get_push_rules_for_user",
+        list_name="user_ids",
+        num_args=1,
     )
     async def bulk_get_push_rules(self, user_ids):
         if not user_ids:
@@ -195,7 +197,9 @@ class PushRulesWorkerStore(
             use_new_defaults = user_id in self._users_new_default_push_rules
 
             results[user_id] = _load_rules(
-                rules, enabled_map_by_user.get(user_id, {}), use_new_defaults,
+                rules,
+                enabled_map_by_user.get(user_id, {}),
+                use_new_defaults,
             )
 
         return results
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
index 2687ef3e43..7cb69dd6bd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
@@ -179,7 +179,9 @@ class PusherWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="get_if_user_has_pusher", list_name="user_ids", num_args=1,
+        cached_method_name="get_if_user_has_pusher",
+        list_name="user_ids",
+        num_args=1,
     )
     async def get_if_users_have_pushers(
         self, user_ids: Iterable[str]
@@ -263,7 +265,8 @@ class PusherWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         params_by_room = {}
         for row in res:
             params_by_room[row["room_id"]] = ThrottleParams(
-                row["last_sent_ts"], row["throttle_ms"],
+                row["last_sent_ts"],
+                row["throttle_ms"],
             )
 
         return params_by_room
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py
index ae9283f52d..43c852c96c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py
@@ -208,8 +208,7 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     async def _get_linearized_receipts_for_room(
         self, room_id: str, to_key: int, from_key: Optional[int] = None
     ) -> List[dict]:
-        """See get_linearized_receipts_for_room
-        """
+        """See get_linearized_receipts_for_room"""
 
         def f(txn):
             if from_key:
@@ -304,7 +303,9 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         }
         return results
 
-    @cached(num_args=2,)
+    @cached(
+        num_args=2,
+    )
     async def get_linearized_receipts_for_all_rooms(
         self, to_key: int, from_key: Optional[int] = None
     ) -> Dict[str, JsonDict]:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/registration.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/registration.py
index 8405dd460f..07e219aaed 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/registration.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/registration.py
@@ -79,13 +79,16 @@ class RegistrationWorkerStore(CacheInvalidationWorkerStore):
         # call `find_max_generated_user_id_localpart` each time, which is
         # expensive if there are many entries.
         self._user_id_seq = build_sequence_generator(
-            database.engine, find_max_generated_user_id_localpart, "user_id_seq",
+            database.engine,
+            find_max_generated_user_id_localpart,
+            "user_id_seq",
         )
 
         self._account_validity = hs.config.account_validity
         if hs.config.run_background_tasks and self._account_validity.enabled:
             self._clock.call_later(
-                0.0, self._set_expiration_date_when_missing,
+                0.0,
+                self._set_expiration_date_when_missing,
             )
 
         # Create a background job for culling expired 3PID validity tokens
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py
index cba343aa68..9cbcd53026 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py
@@ -193,8 +193,7 @@ class RoomWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     async def get_room_count(self) -> int:
-        """Retrieve the total number of rooms.
-        """
+        """Retrieve the total number of rooms."""
 
         def f(txn):
             sql = "SELECT count(*)  FROM rooms"
@@ -517,7 +516,8 @@ class RoomWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             return rooms, room_count[0]
 
         return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "get_rooms_paginate", _get_rooms_paginate_txn,
+            "get_rooms_paginate",
+            _get_rooms_paginate_txn,
         )
 
     @cached(max_entries=10000)
@@ -578,7 +578,8 @@ class RoomWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             return self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)
 
         ret = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "get_retention_policy_for_room", get_retention_policy_for_room_txn,
+            "get_retention_policy_for_room",
+            get_retention_policy_for_room_txn,
         )
 
         # If we don't know this room ID, ret will be None, in this case return the default
@@ -707,7 +708,10 @@ class RoomWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return local_media_mxcs, remote_media_mxcs
 
     async def quarantine_media_by_id(
-        self, server_name: str, media_id: str, quarantined_by: str,
+        self,
+        server_name: str,
+        media_id: str,
+        quarantined_by: str,
     ) -> int:
         """quarantines a single local or remote media id
 
@@ -961,7 +965,8 @@ class RoomBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
         self.config = hs.config
 
         self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
-            "insert_room_retention", self._background_insert_retention,
+            "insert_room_retention",
+            self._background_insert_retention,
         )
 
         self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
@@ -1033,7 +1038,8 @@ class RoomBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 return False
 
         end = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "insert_room_retention", _background_insert_retention_txn,
+            "insert_room_retention",
+            _background_insert_retention_txn,
         )
 
         if end:
@@ -1588,7 +1594,8 @@ class RoomStore(RoomBackgroundUpdateStore, RoomWorkerStore, SearchStore):
                 LIMIT ?
                 OFFSET ?
             """.format(
-                where_clause=where_clause, order=order,
+                where_clause=where_clause,
+                order=order,
             )
 
             args += [limit, start]
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
index 92382bed28..a9216ca9ae 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
@@ -70,10 +70,12 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
         ):
             self._known_servers_count = 1
             self.hs.get_clock().looping_call(
-                self._count_known_servers, 60 * 1000,
+                self._count_known_servers,
+                60 * 1000,
             )
             self.hs.get_clock().call_later(
-                1000, self._count_known_servers,
+                1000,
+                self._count_known_servers,
             )
             LaterGauge(
                 "synapse_federation_known_servers",
@@ -174,7 +176,7 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
 
     @cached(max_entries=100000)
     async def get_room_summary(self, room_id: str) -> Dict[str, MemberSummary]:
-        """ Get the details of a room roughly suitable for use by the room
+        """Get the details of a room roughly suitable for use by the room
         summary extension to /sync. Useful when lazy loading room members.
         Args:
             room_id: The room ID to query
@@ -488,8 +490,7 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
     async def get_users_who_share_room_with_user(
         self, user_id: str, cache_context: _CacheContext
     ) -> Set[str]:
-        """Returns the set of users who share a room with `user_id`
-        """
+        """Returns the set of users who share a room with `user_id`"""
         room_ids = await self.get_rooms_for_user(
             user_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
         )
@@ -618,7 +619,8 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="_get_joined_profile_from_event_id", list_name="event_ids",
+        cached_method_name="_get_joined_profile_from_event_id",
+        list_name="event_ids",
     )
     async def _get_joined_profiles_from_event_ids(self, event_ids: Iterable[str]):
         """For given set of member event_ids check if they point to a join
@@ -802,8 +804,7 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
     async def get_membership_from_event_ids(
         self, member_event_ids: Iterable[str]
     ) -> List[dict]:
-        """Get user_id and membership of a set of event IDs.
-        """
+        """Get user_id and membership of a set of event IDs."""
 
         return await self.db_pool.simple_select_many_batch(
             table="room_memberships",
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py
index ad875c733a..3907189e29 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py
@@ -23,5 +23,6 @@ def run_create(cur, database_engine, *args, **kwargs):
 
 def run_upgrade(cur, database_engine, *args, **kwargs):
     cur.execute(
-        "UPDATE remote_media_cache SET last_access_ts = ?", (int(time.time() * 1000),),
+        "UPDATE remote_media_cache SET last_access_ts = ?",
+        (int(time.time() * 1000),),
     )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/state.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/state.py
index 3c1e33819b..a7f371732f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/state.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/state.py
@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ class _GetStateGroupDelta(
 
 # this inherits from EventsWorkerStore because it calls self.get_events
 class StateGroupWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore):
-    """The parts of StateGroupStore that can be called from workers.
-    """
+    """The parts of StateGroupStore that can be called from workers."""
 
     def __init__(self, database: DatabasePool, db_conn, hs):
         super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)
@@ -276,8 +275,7 @@ class StateGroupWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore):
         num_args=1,
     )
     async def _get_state_group_for_events(self, event_ids):
-        """Returns mapping event_id -> state_group
-        """
+        """Returns mapping event_id -> state_group"""
         rows = await self.db_pool.simple_select_many_batch(
             table="event_to_state_groups",
             column="event_id",
@@ -338,7 +336,8 @@ class MainStateBackgroundUpdateStore(RoomMemberWorkerStore):
             columns=["state_group"],
         )
         self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
-            self.DELETE_CURRENT_STATE_UPDATE_NAME, self._background_remove_left_rooms,
+            self.DELETE_CURRENT_STATE_UPDATE_NAME,
+            self._background_remove_left_rooms,
         )
 
     async def _background_remove_left_rooms(self, progress, batch_size):
@@ -487,7 +486,7 @@ class MainStateBackgroundUpdateStore(RoomMemberWorkerStore):
 
 
 class StateStore(StateGroupWorkerStore, MainStateBackgroundUpdateStore):
-    """ Keeps track of the state at a given event.
+    """Keeps track of the state at a given event.
 
     This is done by the concept of `state groups`. Every event is a assigned
     a state group (identified by an arbitrary string), which references a
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/stats.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/stats.py
index d421d18f8d..1c99393c65 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/stats.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/stats.py
@@ -1001,7 +1001,9 @@ class StatsStore(StateDeltasStore):
                 ORDER BY {order_by_column} {order}
                 LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
             """.format(
-                sql_base=sql_base, order_by_column=order_by_column, order=order,
+                sql_base=sql_base,
+                order_by_column=order_by_column,
+                order=order,
             )
 
             args += [limit, start]
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py
index e3b9ff5ca6..91f8abb67d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py
@@ -565,7 +565,14 @@ class StreamWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                     AND e.stream_ordering > ? AND e.stream_ordering <= ?
                 ORDER BY e.stream_ordering ASC
             """
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, min_from_id, max_to_id,))
+            txn.execute(
+                sql,
+                (
+                    user_id,
+                    min_from_id,
+                    max_to_id,
+                ),
+            )
 
             rows = [
                 _EventDictReturn(event_id, None, stream_ordering)
@@ -695,7 +702,10 @@ class StreamWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
             return "t%d-%d" % (topo, token)
 
     def get_stream_id_for_event_txn(
-        self, txn: LoggingTransaction, event_id: str, allow_none=False,
+        self,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        event_id: str,
+        allow_none=False,
     ) -> int:
         return self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
             txn=txn,
@@ -706,8 +716,7 @@ class StreamWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         )
 
     async def get_position_for_event(self, event_id: str) -> PersistedEventPosition:
-        """Get the persisted position for an event
-        """
+        """Get the persisted position for an event"""
         row = await self.db_pool.simple_select_one(
             table="events",
             keyvalues={"event_id": event_id},
@@ -897,19 +906,19 @@ class StreamWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
     ) -> Tuple[int, List[EventBase]]:
         """Get all new events
 
-         Returns all events with from_id < stream_ordering <= current_id.
+        Returns all events with from_id < stream_ordering <= current_id.
 
-         Args:
-             from_id:  the stream_ordering of the last event we processed
-             current_id:  the stream_ordering of the most recently processed event
-             limit: the maximum number of events to return
+        Args:
+            from_id:  the stream_ordering of the last event we processed
+            current_id:  the stream_ordering of the most recently processed event
+            limit: the maximum number of events to return
 
-         Returns:
-             A tuple of (next_id, events), where `next_id` is the next value to
-             pass as `from_id` (it will either be the stream_ordering of the
-             last returned event, or, if fewer than `limit` events were found,
-             the `current_id`).
-         """
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of (next_id, events), where `next_id` is the next value to
+            pass as `from_id` (it will either be the stream_ordering of the
+            last returned event, or, if fewer than `limit` events were found,
+            the `current_id`).
+        """
 
         def get_all_new_events_stream_txn(txn):
             sql = (
@@ -1238,8 +1247,7 @@ class StreamWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
 
     @cached()
     async def get_id_for_instance(self, instance_name: str) -> int:
-        """Get a unique, immutable ID that corresponds to the given Synapse worker instance.
-        """
+        """Get a unique, immutable ID that corresponds to the given Synapse worker instance."""
 
         def _get_id_for_instance_txn(txn):
             instance_id = self.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/transactions.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/transactions.py
index 248a6c3f25..b921d63d30 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/transactions.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/transactions.py
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ class TransactionWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
 
 class TransactionStore(TransactionWorkerStore):
-    """A collection of queries for handling PDUs.
-    """
+    """A collection of queries for handling PDUs."""
 
     def __init__(self, database: DatabasePool, db_conn, hs):
         super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)
@@ -299,7 +298,10 @@ class TransactionStore(TransactionWorkerStore):
             )
 
     async def store_destination_rooms_entries(
-        self, destinations: Iterable[str], room_id: str, stream_ordering: int,
+        self,
+        destinations: Iterable[str],
+        room_id: str,
+        stream_ordering: int,
     ) -> None:
         """
         Updates or creates `destination_rooms` entries in batch for a single event.
@@ -394,7 +396,9 @@ class TransactionStore(TransactionWorkerStore):
         )
 
     async def get_catch_up_room_event_ids(
-        self, destination: str, last_successful_stream_ordering: int,
+        self,
+        destination: str,
+        last_successful_stream_ordering: int,
     ) -> List[str]:
         """
         Returns at most 50 event IDs and their corresponding stream_orderings
@@ -418,7 +422,9 @@ class TransactionStore(TransactionWorkerStore):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _get_catch_up_room_event_ids_txn(
-        txn: LoggingTransaction, destination: str, last_successful_stream_ordering: int,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        destination: str,
+        last_successful_stream_ordering: int,
     ) -> List[str]:
         q = """
                 SELECT event_id FROM destination_rooms
@@ -429,7 +435,8 @@ class TransactionStore(TransactionWorkerStore):
                 LIMIT 50
             """
         txn.execute(
-            q, (destination, last_successful_stream_ordering),
+            q,
+            (destination, last_successful_stream_ordering),
         )
         event_ids = [row[0] for row in txn]
         return event_ids
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/ui_auth.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/ui_auth.py
index 79b7ece330..5473ec1485 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/ui_auth.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/ui_auth.py
@@ -44,7 +44,11 @@ class UIAuthWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     """
 
     async def create_ui_auth_session(
-        self, clientdict: JsonDict, uri: str, method: str, description: str,
+        self,
+        clientdict: JsonDict,
+        uri: str,
+        method: str,
+        description: str,
     ) -> UIAuthSessionData:
         """
         Creates a new user interactive authentication session.
@@ -123,7 +127,10 @@ class UIAuthWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return UIAuthSessionData(session_id, **result)
 
     async def mark_ui_auth_stage_complete(
-        self, session_id: str, stage_type: str, result: Union[str, bool, JsonDict],
+        self,
+        session_id: str,
+        stage_type: str,
+        result: Union[str, bool, JsonDict],
     ):
         """
         Mark a session stage as completed.
@@ -261,10 +268,12 @@ class UIAuthWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return serverdict.get(key, default)
 
     async def add_user_agent_ip_to_ui_auth_session(
-        self, session_id: str, user_agent: str, ip: str,
+        self,
+        session_id: str,
+        user_agent: str,
+        ip: str,
     ):
-        """Add the given user agent / IP to the tracking table
-        """
+        """Add the given user agent / IP to the tracking table"""
         await self.db_pool.simple_upsert(
             table="ui_auth_sessions_ips",
             keyvalues={"session_id": session_id, "user_agent": user_agent, "ip": ip},
@@ -273,7 +282,8 @@ class UIAuthWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     async def get_user_agents_ips_to_ui_auth_session(
-        self, session_id: str,
+        self,
+        session_id: str,
     ) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]:
         """Get the given user agents / IPs used during the ui auth process
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/user_directory.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/user_directory.py
index 7b9729da09..3a1fe3ed52 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/user_directory.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/user_directory.py
@@ -336,8 +336,7 @@ class UserDirectoryBackgroundUpdateStore(StateDeltasStore):
         return len(users_to_work_on)
 
     async def is_room_world_readable_or_publicly_joinable(self, room_id):
-        """Check if the room is either world_readable or publically joinable
-        """
+        """Check if the room is either world_readable or publically joinable"""
 
         # Create a state filter that only queries join and history state event
         types_to_filter = (
@@ -516,8 +515,7 @@ class UserDirectoryBackgroundUpdateStore(StateDeltasStore):
         )
 
     async def delete_all_from_user_dir(self) -> None:
-        """Delete the entire user directory
-        """
+        """Delete the entire user directory"""
 
         def _delete_all_from_user_dir_txn(txn):
             txn.execute("DELETE FROM user_directory")
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/state/store.py b/synapse/storage/databases/state/store.py
index 89cdc84a9c..b16b9905d8 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/state/store.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/state/store.py
@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@ class _GetStateGroupDelta(
 
 
 class StateGroupDataStore(StateBackgroundUpdateStore, SQLBaseStore):
-    """A data store for fetching/storing state groups.
-    """
+    """A data store for fetching/storing state groups."""
 
     def __init__(self, database: DatabasePool, db_conn, hs):
         super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)
@@ -89,7 +88,8 @@ class StateGroupDataStore(StateBackgroundUpdateStore, SQLBaseStore):
             50000,
         )
         self._state_group_members_cache = DictionaryCache(
-            "*stateGroupMembersCache*", 500000,
+            "*stateGroupMembersCache*",
+            500000,
         )
 
         def get_max_state_group_txn(txn: Cursor):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py b/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py
index d6d632dc10..cca839c70f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py
@@ -94,14 +94,12 @@ class BaseDatabaseEngine(Generic[ConnectionType], metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
     @property
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def server_version(self) -> str:
-        """Gets a string giving the server version. For example: '3.22.0'
-        """
+        """Gets a string giving the server version. For example: '3.22.0'"""
         ...
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def in_transaction(self, conn: Connection) -> bool:
-        """Whether the connection is currently in a transaction.
-        """
+        """Whether the connection is currently in a transaction."""
         ...
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py b/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
index 7719ac32f7..80a3558aec 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@ class PostgresEngine(BaseDatabaseEngine):
 
     @property
     def supports_using_any_list(self):
-        """Do we support using `a = ANY(?)` and passing a list
-        """
+        """Do we support using `a = ANY(?)` and passing a list"""
         return True
 
     def is_deadlock(self, error):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py b/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py
index b3d1834efb..b87e7798da 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py
@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ class Sqlite3Engine(BaseDatabaseEngine["sqlite3.Connection"]):
         super().__init__(database_module, database_config)
 
         database = database_config.get("args", {}).get("database")
-        self._is_in_memory = database in (None, ":memory:",)
+        self._is_in_memory = database in (
+            None,
+            ":memory:",
+        )
 
         if platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy":
             # pypy's sqlite3 module doesn't handle bytearrays, convert them
@@ -63,8 +66,7 @@ class Sqlite3Engine(BaseDatabaseEngine["sqlite3.Connection"]):
 
     @property
     def supports_using_any_list(self):
-        """Do we support using `a = ANY(?)` and passing a list
-        """
+        """Do we support using `a = ANY(?)` and passing a list"""
         return False
 
     def check_database(self, db_conn, allow_outdated_version: bool = False):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/persist_events.py b/synapse/storage/persist_events.py
index 61fc49c69c..3a0d6fb32e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/persist_events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/persist_events.py
@@ -411,8 +411,8 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorage:
                         )
 
                     for room_id, ev_ctx_rm in events_by_room.items():
-                        latest_event_ids = await self.main_store.get_latest_event_ids_in_room(
-                            room_id
+                        latest_event_ids = (
+                            await self.main_store.get_latest_event_ids_in_room(room_id)
                         )
                         new_latest_event_ids = await self._calculate_new_extremities(
                             room_id, ev_ctx_rm, latest_event_ids
@@ -889,7 +889,8 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorage:
                 continue
 
             logger.debug(
-                "Not dropping as too new and not in new_senders: %s", new_senders,
+                "Not dropping as too new and not in new_senders: %s",
+                new_senders,
             )
 
             return new_latest_event_ids
@@ -1004,7 +1005,10 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorage:
 
         remote_event_ids = [
             event_id
-            for (typ, state_key,), event_id in current_state.items()
+            for (
+                typ,
+                state_key,
+            ), event_id in current_state.items()
             if typ == EventTypes.Member and not self.is_mine_id(state_key)
         ]
         rows = await self.main_store.get_membership_from_event_ids(remote_event_ids)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py b/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
index cd30e6b80a..6c3c2da520 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
@@ -425,7 +425,10 @@ def _upgrade_existing_database(
             # We don't support using the same file name in the same delta version.
             raise PrepareDatabaseException(
                 "Found multiple delta files with the same name in v%d: %s"
-                % (v, duplicates,)
+                % (
+                    v,
+                    duplicates,
+                )
             )
 
         # We sort to ensure that we apply the delta files in a consistent
@@ -532,7 +535,8 @@ def _apply_module_schema_files(
         names_and_streams: the names and streams of schemas to be applied
     """
     cur.execute(
-        "SELECT file FROM applied_module_schemas WHERE module_name = ?", (modname,),
+        "SELECT file FROM applied_module_schemas WHERE module_name = ?",
+        (modname,),
     )
     applied_deltas = {d for d, in cur}
     for (name, stream) in names_and_streams:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/purge_events.py b/synapse/storage/purge_events.py
index 6c359c1aae..3c4908865f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/purge_events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/purge_events.py
@@ -26,15 +26,13 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class PurgeEventsStorage:
-    """High level interface for purging rooms and event history.
-    """
+    """High level interface for purging rooms and event history."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer", stores: Databases):
         self.stores = stores
 
     async def purge_room(self, room_id: str) -> None:
-        """Deletes all record of a room
-        """
+        """Deletes all record of a room"""
 
         state_groups_to_delete = await self.stores.main.purge_room(room_id)
         await self.stores.state.purge_room_state(room_id, state_groups_to_delete)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/state.py b/synapse/storage/state.py
index 31ccbf23dc..d179a41884 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/state.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/state.py
@@ -340,8 +340,7 @@ class StateFilter:
 
 
 class StateGroupStorage:
-    """High level interface to fetching state for event.
-    """
+    """High level interface to fetching state for event."""
 
     def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer", stores: "Databases"):
         self.stores = stores
@@ -400,7 +399,7 @@ class StateGroupStorage:
     async def get_state_groups(
         self, room_id: str, event_ids: Iterable[str]
     ) -> Dict[int, List[EventBase]]:
-        """ Get the state groups for the given list of event_ids
+        """Get the state groups for the given list of event_ids
 
         Args:
             room_id: ID of the room for these events.
diff --git a/synapse/storage/util/id_generators.py b/synapse/storage/util/id_generators.py
index 9dd537bf66..d4643c4fdf 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/util/id_generators.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/util/id_generators.py
@@ -277,7 +277,9 @@ class MultiWriterIdGenerator:
         self._load_current_ids(db_conn, tables)
 
     def _load_current_ids(
-        self, db_conn, tables: List[Tuple[str, str, str]],
+        self,
+        db_conn,
+        tables: List[Tuple[str, str, str]],
     ):
         cur = db_conn.cursor(txn_name="_load_current_ids")
 
@@ -364,7 +366,10 @@ class MultiWriterIdGenerator:
             rows.sort()
 
             with self._lock:
-                for (instance, stream_id,) in rows:
+                for (
+                    instance,
+                    stream_id,
+                ) in rows:
                     stream_id = self._return_factor * stream_id
                     self._add_persisted_position(stream_id)
 
@@ -481,8 +486,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGenerator:
         return self.get_persisted_upto_position()
 
     def get_current_token_for_writer(self, instance_name: str) -> int:
-        """Returns the position of the given writer.
-        """
+        """Returns the position of the given writer."""
 
         # If we don't have an entry for the given instance name, we assume it's a
         # new writer.
@@ -581,8 +585,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGenerator:
                 break
 
     def _update_stream_positions_table_txn(self, txn: Cursor):
-        """Update the `stream_positions` table with newly persisted position.
-        """
+        """Update the `stream_positions` table with newly persisted position."""
 
         if not self._writers:
             return
@@ -622,8 +625,7 @@ class _AsyncCtxManagerWrapper:
 
 @attr.s(slots=True)
 class _MultiWriterCtxManager:
-    """Async context manager returned by MultiWriterIdGenerator
-    """
+    """Async context manager returned by MultiWriterIdGenerator"""
 
     id_gen = attr.ib(type=MultiWriterIdGenerator)
     multiple_ids = attr.ib(type=Optional[int], default=None)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/util/sequence.py b/synapse/storage/util/sequence.py
index e2b316a218..3ea637b281 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/util/sequence.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/util/sequence.py
@@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ class PostgresSequenceGenerator(SequenceGenerator):
         stream_name: Optional[str] = None,
         positive: bool = True,
     ):
-        """See SequenceGenerator.check_consistency for docstring.
-        """
+        """See SequenceGenerator.check_consistency for docstring."""
 
         txn = db_conn.cursor(txn_name="sequence.check_consistency")
 
diff --git a/synapse/types.py b/synapse/types.py
index c695558a86..721343f0b5 100644
--- a/synapse/types.py
+++ b/synapse/types.py
@@ -469,8 +469,7 @@ class RoomStreamToken:
     )
 
     def __attrs_post_init__(self):
-        """Validates that both `topological` and `instance_map` aren't set.
-        """
+        """Validates that both `topological` and `instance_map` aren't set."""
 
         if self.instance_map and self.topological:
             raise ValueError(
@@ -498,7 +497,11 @@ class RoomStreamToken:
                     instance_name = await store.get_name_from_instance_id(instance_id)
                     instance_map[instance_name] = pos
 
-                return cls(topological=None, stream=stream, instance_map=instance_map,)
+                return cls(
+                    topological=None,
+                    stream=stream,
+                    instance_map=instance_map,
+                )
         except Exception:
             pass
         raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid token %r" % (string,))
diff --git a/synapse/util/async_helpers.py b/synapse/util/async_helpers.py
index 691dde9a01..719e35b78d 100644
--- a/synapse/util/async_helpers.py
+++ b/synapse/util/async_helpers.py
@@ -252,8 +252,7 @@ class Linearizer:
         self.key_to_defer = {}  # type: Dict[Hashable, _LinearizerEntry]
 
     def is_queued(self, key: Hashable) -> bool:
-        """Checks whether there is a process queued up waiting
-        """
+        """Checks whether there is a process queued up waiting"""
         entry = self.key_to_defer.get(key)
         if not entry:
             # No entry so nothing is waiting.
@@ -452,7 +451,9 @@ R = TypeVar("R")
 
 
 def timeout_deferred(
-    deferred: defer.Deferred, timeout: float, reactor: IReactorTime,
+    deferred: defer.Deferred,
+    timeout: float,
+    reactor: IReactorTime,
 ) -> defer.Deferred:
     """The in built twisted `Deferred.addTimeout` fails to time out deferreds
     that have a canceller that throws exceptions. This method creates a new
@@ -529,8 +530,7 @@ def timeout_deferred(
 
 @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True)
 class DoneAwaitable:
-    """Simple awaitable that returns the provided value.
-    """
+    """Simple awaitable that returns the provided value."""
 
     value = attr.ib()
 
@@ -545,8 +545,7 @@ class DoneAwaitable:
 
 
 def maybe_awaitable(value: Union[Awaitable[R], R]) -> Awaitable[R]:
-    """Convert a value to an awaitable if not already an awaitable.
-    """
+    """Convert a value to an awaitable if not already an awaitable."""
     if inspect.isawaitable(value):
         assert isinstance(value, Awaitable)
         return value
diff --git a/synapse/util/caches/__init__.py b/synapse/util/caches/__init__.py
index 89f0b38535..e676c2cac4 100644
--- a/synapse/util/caches/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/util/caches/__init__.py
@@ -149,8 +149,7 @@ KNOWN_KEYS = {
 
 
 def intern_string(string):
-    """Takes a (potentially) unicode string and interns it if it's ascii
-    """
+    """Takes a (potentially) unicode string and interns it if it's ascii"""
     if string is None:
         return None
 
@@ -161,8 +160,7 @@ def intern_string(string):
 
 
 def intern_dict(dictionary):
-    """Takes a dictionary and interns well known keys and their values
-    """
+    """Takes a dictionary and interns well known keys and their values"""
     return {
         KNOWN_KEYS.get(key, key): _intern_known_values(key, value)
         for key, value in dictionary.items()
diff --git a/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py b/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py
index a924140cdf..4e84379914 100644
--- a/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py
+++ b/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py
@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ class _LruCachedFunction(Generic[F]):
 
 
 def lru_cache(
-    max_entries: int = 1000, cache_context: bool = False,
+    max_entries: int = 1000,
+    cache_context: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[[F], _LruCachedFunction[F]]:
     """A method decorator that applies a memoizing cache around the function.
 
@@ -156,7 +157,9 @@ def lru_cache(
 
     def func(orig: F) -> _LruCachedFunction[F]:
         desc = LruCacheDescriptor(
-            orig, max_entries=max_entries, cache_context=cache_context,
+            orig,
+            max_entries=max_entries,
+            cache_context=cache_context,
         )
         return cast(_LruCachedFunction[F], desc)
 
@@ -170,14 +173,18 @@ class LruCacheDescriptor(_CacheDescriptorBase):
         sentinel = object()
 
     def __init__(
-        self, orig, max_entries: int = 1000, cache_context: bool = False,
+        self,
+        orig,
+        max_entries: int = 1000,
+        cache_context: bool = False,
     ):
         super().__init__(orig, num_args=None, cache_context=cache_context)
         self.max_entries = max_entries
 
     def __get__(self, obj, owner):
         cache = LruCache(
-            cache_name=self.orig.__name__, max_size=self.max_entries,
+            cache_name=self.orig.__name__,
+            max_size=self.max_entries,
         )  # type: LruCache[CacheKey, Any]
 
         get_cache_key = self.cache_key_builder
@@ -212,7 +219,7 @@ class LruCacheDescriptor(_CacheDescriptorBase):
 
 
 class DeferredCacheDescriptor(_CacheDescriptorBase):
-    """ A method decorator that applies a memoizing cache around the function.
+    """A method decorator that applies a memoizing cache around the function.
 
     This caches deferreds, rather than the results themselves. Deferreds that
     fail are removed from the cache.
diff --git a/synapse/util/caches/stream_change_cache.py b/synapse/util/caches/stream_change_cache.py
index c541bf4579..644e9e778a 100644
--- a/synapse/util/caches/stream_change_cache.py
+++ b/synapse/util/caches/stream_change_cache.py
@@ -84,8 +84,7 @@ class StreamChangeCache:
         return False
 
     def has_entity_changed(self, entity: EntityType, stream_pos: int) -> bool:
-        """Returns True if the entity may have been updated since stream_pos
-        """
+        """Returns True if the entity may have been updated since stream_pos"""
         assert isinstance(stream_pos, int)
 
         if stream_pos < self._earliest_known_stream_pos:
@@ -133,8 +132,7 @@ class StreamChangeCache:
         return result
 
     def has_any_entity_changed(self, stream_pos: int) -> bool:
-        """Returns if any entity has changed
-        """
+        """Returns if any entity has changed"""
         assert type(stream_pos) is int
 
         if not self._cache:
diff --git a/synapse/util/distributor.py b/synapse/util/distributor.py
index a6ee9edaec..3c47285d05 100644
--- a/synapse/util/distributor.py
+++ b/synapse/util/distributor.py
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@ class Signal:
                 return await maybe_awaitable(observer(*args, **kwargs))
             except Exception as e:
                 logger.warning(
-                    "%s signal observer %s failed: %r", self.name, observer, e,
+                    "%s signal observer %s failed: %r",
+                    self.name,
+                    observer,
+                    e,
                 )
 
         deferreds = [run_in_background(do, o) for o in self.observers]
diff --git a/synapse/util/file_consumer.py b/synapse/util/file_consumer.py
index 733f5e26e6..68dc632491 100644
--- a/synapse/util/file_consumer.py
+++ b/synapse/util/file_consumer.py
@@ -83,15 +83,13 @@ class BackgroundFileConsumer:
             self._producer.resumeProducing()
 
     def unregisterProducer(self):
-        """Part of IProducer interface
-        """
+        """Part of IProducer interface"""
         self._producer = None
         if not self._finished_deferred.called:
             self._bytes_queue.put_nowait(None)
 
     def write(self, bytes):
-        """Part of IProducer interface
-        """
+        """Part of IProducer interface"""
         if self._write_exception:
             raise self._write_exception
 
@@ -107,8 +105,7 @@ class BackgroundFileConsumer:
             self._producer.pauseProducing()
 
     def _writer(self):
-        """This is run in a background thread to write to the file.
-        """
+        """This is run in a background thread to write to the file."""
         try:
             while self._producer or not self._bytes_queue.empty():
                 # If we've paused the producer check if we should resume the
@@ -135,13 +132,11 @@ class BackgroundFileConsumer:
             self._file_obj.close()
 
     def wait(self):
-        """Returns a deferred that resolves when finished writing to file
-        """
+        """Returns a deferred that resolves when finished writing to file"""
         return make_deferred_yieldable(self._finished_deferred)
 
     def _resume_paused_producer(self):
-        """Gets called if we should resume producing after being paused
-        """
+        """Gets called if we should resume producing after being paused"""
         if self._paused_producer and self._producer:
             self._paused_producer = False
             self._producer.resumeProducing()
diff --git a/synapse/util/iterutils.py b/synapse/util/iterutils.py
index 8d2411513f..98707c119d 100644
--- a/synapse/util/iterutils.py
+++ b/synapse/util/iterutils.py
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ def chunk_seq(iseq: ISeq, maxlen: int) -> Iterable[ISeq]:
 
 
 def sorted_topologically(
-    nodes: Iterable[T], graph: Mapping[T, Collection[T]],
+    nodes: Iterable[T],
+    graph: Mapping[T, Collection[T]],
 ) -> Generator[T, None, None]:
     """Given a set of nodes and a graph, yield the nodes in toplogical order.
 
diff --git a/synapse/util/jsonobject.py b/synapse/util/jsonobject.py
index 50516926f3..e3a8ed5b2f 100644
--- a/synapse/util/jsonobject.py
+++ b/synapse/util/jsonobject.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 
 class JsonEncodedObject:
-    """ A common base class for defining protocol units that are represented
+    """A common base class for defining protocol units that are represented
     as JSON.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class JsonEncodedObject:
     """
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
-        """ Takes the dict of `kwargs` and loads all keys that are *valid*
+        """Takes the dict of `kwargs` and loads all keys that are *valid*
         (i.e., are included in the `valid_keys` list) into the dictionary`
         instance variable.
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class JsonEncodedObject:
                 self.unrecognized_keys[k] = v
 
     def get_dict(self):
-        """ Converts this protocol unit into a :py:class:`dict`, ready to be
+        """Converts this protocol unit into a :py:class:`dict`, ready to be
         encoded as JSON.
 
         The keys it encodes are: `valid_keys` - `internal_keys`
diff --git a/synapse/util/metrics.py b/synapse/util/metrics.py
index f4de6b9f54..1023c856d1 100644
--- a/synapse/util/metrics.py
+++ b/synapse/util/metrics.py
@@ -161,8 +161,7 @@ class Measure:
         return self._logging_context.get_resource_usage()
 
     def _update_in_flight(self, metrics):
-        """Gets called when processing in flight metrics
-        """
+        """Gets called when processing in flight metrics"""
         duration = self.clock.time() - self.start
 
         metrics.real_time_max = max(metrics.real_time_max, duration)
diff --git a/synapse/util/module_loader.py b/synapse/util/module_loader.py
index 09b094ded7..d184e2a90c 100644
--- a/synapse/util/module_loader.py
+++ b/synapse/util/module_loader.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from synapse.config._util import json_error_to_config_error
 
 
 def load_module(provider: dict, config_path: Iterable[str]) -> Tuple[Type, Any]:
-    """ Loads a synapse module with its config
+    """Loads a synapse module with its config
 
     Args:
         provider: a dict with keys 'module' (the module name) and 'config'
diff --git a/synapse/util/patch_inline_callbacks.py b/synapse/util/patch_inline_callbacks.py
index 72574d3af2..d9f9ae99d6 100644
--- a/synapse/util/patch_inline_callbacks.py
+++ b/synapse/util/patch_inline_callbacks.py
@@ -204,16 +204,13 @@ def _check_yield_points(f: Callable, changes: List[str]):
                 # We don't raise here as its perfectly valid for contexts to
                 # change in a function, as long as it sets the correct context
                 # on resolving (which is checked separately).
-                err = (
-                    "%s changed context from %s to %s, happened between lines %d and %d in %s"
-                    % (
-                        frame.f_code.co_name,
-                        expected_context,
-                        current_context(),
-                        last_yield_line_no,
-                        frame.f_lineno,
-                        frame.f_code.co_filename,
-                    )
+                err = "%s changed context from %s to %s, happened between lines %d and %d in %s" % (
+                    frame.f_code.co_name,
+                    expected_context,
+                    current_context(),
+                    last_yield_line_no,
+                    frame.f_lineno,
+                    frame.f_code.co_filename,
                 )
                 changes.append(err)
 
diff --git a/synmark/__main__.py b/synmark/__main__.py
index de13c1a909..f55968a5a4 100644
--- a/synmark/__main__.py
+++ b/synmark/__main__.py
@@ -96,5 +96,6 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
             runner.args.loops = orig_loops
             loops = "auto"
         runner.bench_time_func(
-            suite.__name__ + "_" + str(loops), make_test(suite.main),
+            suite.__name__ + "_" + str(loops),
+            make_test(suite.main),
         )
diff --git a/synmark/suites/logging.py b/synmark/suites/logging.py
index c9d9cf761e..c306891b27 100644
--- a/synmark/suites/logging.py
+++ b/synmark/suites/logging.py
@@ -98,7 +98,9 @@ async def main(reactor, loops):
 
     logger = logging.getLogger("synapse.logging.test_terse_json")
     _setup_stdlib_logging(
-        hs_config, log_config, logBeginner=beginner,
+        hs_config,
+        log_config,
+        logBeginner=beginner,
     )
 
     # Wait for it to connect...
diff --git a/tests/api/test_auth.py b/tests/api/test_auth.py
index b1a8c58e1c..34f72ae795 100644
--- a/tests/api/test_auth.py
+++ b/tests/api/test_auth.py
@@ -276,7 +276,10 @@ class AuthTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             if token != tok:
                 return None
             return TokenLookupResult(
-                user_id=USER_ID, is_guest=False, token_id=1234, device_id="DEVICE",
+                user_id=USER_ID,
+                is_guest=False,
+                token_id=1234,
+                device_id="DEVICE",
             )
 
         self.store.get_user_by_access_token = get_user
diff --git a/tests/api/test_ratelimiting.py b/tests/api/test_ratelimiting.py
index fe504d0869..483418192c 100644
--- a/tests/api/test_ratelimiting.py
+++ b/tests/api/test_ratelimiting.py
@@ -43,7 +43,11 @@ class TestRatelimiter(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_allowed_appservice_ratelimited_via_can_requester_do_action(self):
         appservice = ApplicationService(
-            None, "example.com", id="foo", rate_limited=True, sender="@as:example.com",
+            None,
+            "example.com",
+            id="foo",
+            rate_limited=True,
+            sender="@as:example.com",
         )
         as_requester = create_requester("@user:example.com", app_service=appservice)
 
@@ -68,7 +72,11 @@ class TestRatelimiter(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_allowed_appservice_via_can_requester_do_action(self):
         appservice = ApplicationService(
-            None, "example.com", id="foo", rate_limited=False, sender="@as:example.com",
+            None,
+            "example.com",
+            id="foo",
+            rate_limited=False,
+            sender="@as:example.com",
         )
         as_requester = create_requester("@user:example.com", app_service=appservice)
 
@@ -113,12 +121,18 @@ class TestRatelimiter(unittest.TestCase):
         limiter = Ratelimiter(clock=None, rate_hz=0.1, burst_count=1)
 
         # First attempt should be allowed
-        allowed, time_allowed = limiter.can_do_action(("test_id",), _time_now_s=0,)
+        allowed, time_allowed = limiter.can_do_action(
+            ("test_id",),
+            _time_now_s=0,
+        )
         self.assertTrue(allowed)
         self.assertEqual(10.0, time_allowed)
 
         # Second attempt, 1s later, will fail
-        allowed, time_allowed = limiter.can_do_action(("test_id",), _time_now_s=1,)
+        allowed, time_allowed = limiter.can_do_action(
+            ("test_id",),
+            _time_now_s=1,
+        )
         self.assertFalse(allowed)
         self.assertEqual(10.0, time_allowed)
 
diff --git a/tests/config/test_cache.py b/tests/config/test_cache.py
index d3ec24c975..2b7f09c14b 100644
--- a/tests/config/test_cache.py
+++ b/tests/config/test_cache.py
@@ -127,8 +127,7 @@ class CacheConfigTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(cache.max_size, 150)
 
     def test_cache_with_asterisk_in_name(self):
-        """Some caches have asterisks in their name, test that they are set correctly.
-        """
+        """Some caches have asterisks in their name, test that they are set correctly."""
 
         config = {
             "caches": {
@@ -164,7 +163,8 @@ class CacheConfigTests(TestCase):
         t.read_config(config, config_dir_path="", data_dir_path="")
 
         cache = LruCache(
-            max_size=t.caches.event_cache_size, apply_cache_factor_from_config=False,
+            max_size=t.caches.event_cache_size,
+            apply_cache_factor_from_config=False,
         )
         add_resizable_cache("event_cache", cache_resize_callback=cache.set_cache_factor)
 
diff --git a/tests/crypto/test_keyring.py b/tests/crypto/test_keyring.py
index 1d65ea2f9c..30fcc4c1bf 100644
--- a/tests/crypto/test_keyring.py
+++ b/tests/crypto/test_keyring.py
@@ -400,7 +400,10 @@ class PerspectivesKeyFetcherTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def build_perspectives_response(
-        self, server_name: str, signing_key: SigningKey, valid_until_ts: int,
+        self,
+        server_name: str,
+        signing_key: SigningKey,
+        valid_until_ts: int,
     ) -> dict:
         """
         Build a valid perspectives server response to a request for the given key
@@ -455,7 +458,9 @@ class PerspectivesKeyFetcherTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         VALID_UNTIL_TS = 200 * 1000
 
         response = self.build_perspectives_response(
-            SERVER_NAME, testkey, VALID_UNTIL_TS,
+            SERVER_NAME,
+            testkey,
+            VALID_UNTIL_TS,
         )
 
         self.expect_outgoing_key_query(SERVER_NAME, "key1", response)
diff --git a/tests/events/test_snapshot.py b/tests/events/test_snapshot.py
index 3a80626224..ec85324c0c 100644
--- a/tests/events/test_snapshot.py
+++ b/tests/events/test_snapshot.py
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ class TestEventContext(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         event, context = self.get_success(
             create_event(
-                self.hs, room_id=self.room_id, type="m.test", sender=self.user_id,
+                self.hs,
+                room_id=self.room_id,
+                type="m.test",
+                sender=self.user_id,
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/federation/test_complexity.py b/tests/federation/test_complexity.py
index 9ccd2d76b8..8186b8ca01 100644
--- a/tests/federation/test_complexity.py
+++ b/tests/federation/test_complexity.py
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ class RoomComplexityTests(unittest.FederatingHomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
         # Artificially raise the complexity
-        self.hs.get_datastore().get_current_state_event_counts = lambda x: make_awaitable(
-            600
+        self.hs.get_datastore().get_current_state_event_counts = (
+            lambda x: make_awaitable(600)
         )
 
         d = handler._remote_join(
diff --git a/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py b/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py
index 917762e6b6..ecc3faa572 100644
--- a/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py
+++ b/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py
@@ -279,7 +279,8 @@ class FederationSenderDevicesTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         ret = self.get_success(
             e2e_handler.upload_signatures_for_device_keys(
-                u1, {u1: {"D1": d1_json, "D2": d2_json}},
+                u1,
+                {u1: {"D1": d1_json, "D2": d2_json}},
             )
         )
         self.assertEqual(ret["failures"], {})
@@ -486,9 +487,11 @@ class FederationSenderDevicesTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
             self.assertGreaterEqual(content["stream_id"], prev_stream_id)
         return content["stream_id"]
 
-    def check_signing_key_update_txn(self, txn: JsonDict,) -> None:
-        """Check that the txn has an EDU with a signing key update.
-        """
+    def check_signing_key_update_txn(
+        self,
+        txn: JsonDict,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Check that the txn has an EDU with a signing key update."""
         edus = txn["edus"]
         self.assertEqual(len(edus), 1)
 
@@ -502,7 +505,9 @@ class FederationSenderDevicesTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.get_success(
             self.hs.get_e2e_keys_handler().upload_keys_for_user(
-                user_id, device_id, {"device_keys": device_dict},
+                user_id,
+                device_id,
+                {"device_keys": device_dict},
             )
         )
         return sk
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_admin.py b/tests/handlers/test_admin.py
index 5c2b4de1a6..a01fdd0839 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_admin.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_admin.py
@@ -44,8 +44,7 @@ class ExfiltrateData(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.token2 = self.login("user2", "password")
 
     def test_single_public_joined_room(self):
-        """Test that we write *all* events for a public room
-        """
+        """Test that we write *all* events for a public room"""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(
             self.user1, tok=self.token1, is_public=True
         )
@@ -116,8 +115,7 @@ class ExfiltrateData(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(counter[(EventTypes.Member, self.user2)], 1)
 
     def test_single_left_room(self):
-        """Tests that we don't see events in the room after we leave.
-        """
+        """Tests that we don't see events in the room after we leave."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(self.user1, tok=self.token1)
         self.helper.send(room_id, body="Hello!", tok=self.token1)
         self.helper.join(room_id, self.user2, tok=self.token2)
@@ -190,8 +188,7 @@ class ExfiltrateData(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(counter[(EventTypes.Member, self.user2)], 3)
 
     def test_invite(self):
-        """Tests that pending invites get handled correctly.
-        """
+        """Tests that pending invites get handled correctly."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(self.user1, tok=self.token1)
         self.helper.send(room_id, body="Hello!", tok=self.token1)
         self.helper.invite(room_id, self.user1, self.user2, tok=self.token1)
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_device.py b/tests/handlers/test_device.py
index 5dfeccfeb6..821629bc38 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_device.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_device.py
@@ -260,7 +260,9 @@ class DehydrationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Create a new login for the user and dehydrated the device
         device_id, access_token = self.get_success(
             self.registration.register_device(
-                user_id=user_id, device_id=None, initial_display_name="new device",
+                user_id=user_id,
+                device_id=None,
+                initial_display_name="new device",
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_directory.py b/tests/handlers/test_directory.py
index a39f898608..863d8737b2 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_directory.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_directory.py
@@ -131,7 +131,9 @@ class TestCreateAlias(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """A user can create an alias for a room they're in."""
         self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_association(
-                create_requester(self.test_user), self.room_alias, self.room_id,
+                create_requester(self.test_user),
+                self.room_alias,
+                self.room_id,
             )
         )
 
@@ -143,7 +145,9 @@ class TestCreateAlias(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.get_failure(
             self.handler.create_association(
-                create_requester(self.test_user), self.room_alias, other_room_id,
+                create_requester(self.test_user),
+                self.room_alias,
+                other_room_id,
             ),
             synapse.api.errors.SynapseError,
         )
@@ -156,7 +160,9 @@ class TestCreateAlias(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_association(
-                create_requester(self.admin_user), self.room_alias, other_room_id,
+                create_requester(self.admin_user),
+                self.room_alias,
+                other_room_id,
             )
         )
 
@@ -275,8 +281,7 @@ class TestDeleteAlias(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
 
 class CanonicalAliasTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
-    """Test modifications of the canonical alias when delete aliases.
-    """
+    """Test modifications of the canonical alias when delete aliases."""
 
     servlets = [
         synapse.rest.admin.register_servlets,
@@ -317,7 +322,10 @@ class CanonicalAliasTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     def _set_canonical_alias(self, content):
         """Configure the canonical alias state on the room."""
         self.helper.send_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.canonical_alias", content, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.canonical_alias",
+            content,
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
     def _get_canonical_alias(self):
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_e2e_keys.py b/tests/handlers/test_e2e_keys.py
index c1a13aeb71..5e86c5e56b 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_e2e_keys.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_e2e_keys.py
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ class E2eKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.store = self.hs.get_datastore()
 
     def test_query_local_devices_no_devices(self):
-        """If the user has no devices, we expect an empty list.
-        """
+        """If the user has no devices, we expect an empty list."""
         local_user = "@boris:" + self.hs.hostname
         res = self.get_success(self.handler.query_local_devices({local_user: None}))
         self.assertDictEqual(res, {local_user: {}})
@@ -102,7 +101,9 @@ class E2eKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Error when replacing string key with dict
         self.get_failure(
             self.handler.upload_keys_for_user(
-                local_user, device_id, {"one_time_keys": {"alg1:k1": {"key": "key"}}},
+                local_user,
+                device_id,
+                {"one_time_keys": {"alg1:k1": {"key": "key"}}},
             ),
             SynapseError,
         )
@@ -215,7 +216,8 @@ class E2eKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             )
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            res, {"failures": {}, "one_time_keys": {local_user: {device_id: otk}}},
+            res,
+            {"failures": {}, "one_time_keys": {local_user: {device_id: otk}}},
         )
 
         res = self.get_success(
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_e2e_room_keys.py b/tests/handlers/test_e2e_room_keys.py
index 58773a0c38..d7498aa51a 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_e2e_room_keys.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_e2e_room_keys.py
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_create_version(self):
-        """Check that we can create and then retrieve versions.
-        """
+        """Check that we can create and then retrieve versions."""
         res = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -138,8 +137,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_update_version(self):
-        """Check that we can update versions.
-        """
+        """Check that we can update versions."""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -178,8 +176,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_update_missing_version(self):
-        """Check that we get a 404 on updating nonexistent versions
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 404 on updating nonexistent versions"""
         e = self.get_failure(
             self.handler.update_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -196,8 +193,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_update_omitted_version(self):
-        """Check that the update succeeds if the version is missing from the body
-        """
+        """Check that the update succeeds if the version is missing from the body"""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -234,8 +230,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_update_bad_version(self):
-        """Check that we get a 400 if the version in the body doesn't match
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 400 if the version in the body doesn't match"""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -263,8 +258,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 400)
 
     def test_delete_missing_version(self):
-        """Check that we get a 404 on deleting nonexistent versions
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 404 on deleting nonexistent versions"""
         e = self.get_failure(
             self.handler.delete_version(self.local_user, "1"), SynapseError
         )
@@ -272,15 +266,13 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_delete_missing_current_version(self):
-        """Check that we get a 404 on deleting nonexistent current version
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 404 on deleting nonexistent current version"""
         e = self.get_failure(self.handler.delete_version(self.local_user), SynapseError)
         res = e.value.code
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_delete_version(self):
-        """Check that we can create and then delete versions.
-        """
+        """Check that we can create and then delete versions."""
         res = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -303,8 +295,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_get_missing_backup(self):
-        """Check that we get a 404 on querying missing backup
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 404 on querying missing backup"""
         e = self.get_failure(
             self.handler.get_room_keys(self.local_user, "bogus_version"), SynapseError
         )
@@ -312,8 +303,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_get_missing_room_keys(self):
-        """Check we get an empty response from an empty backup
-        """
+        """Check we get an empty response from an empty backup"""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -332,8 +322,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     # although this is probably best done in sytest
 
     def test_upload_room_keys_no_versions(self):
-        """Check that we get a 404 on uploading keys when no versions are defined
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 404 on uploading keys when no versions are defined"""
         e = self.get_failure(
             self.handler.upload_room_keys(self.local_user, "no_version", room_keys),
             SynapseError,
@@ -364,8 +353,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 404)
 
     def test_upload_room_keys_wrong_version(self):
-        """Check that we get a 403 on uploading keys for an old version
-        """
+        """Check that we get a 403 on uploading keys for an old version"""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -395,8 +383,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res, 403)
 
     def test_upload_room_keys_insert(self):
-        """Check that we can insert and retrieve keys for a session
-        """
+        """Check that we can insert and retrieve keys for a session"""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
@@ -510,8 +497,7 @@ class E2eRoomKeysHandlerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # TODO: check edge cases as well as the common variations here
 
     def test_delete_room_keys(self):
-        """Check that we can insert and delete keys for a session
-        """
+        """Check that we can insert and delete keys for a session"""
         version = self.get_success(
             self.handler.create_version(
                 self.local_user,
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_federation.py b/tests/handlers/test_federation.py
index 983e368592..3af361195b 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_federation.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_federation.py
@@ -226,12 +226,20 @@ class FederationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         for i in range(3):
             event = create_invite()
             self.get_success(
-                self.handler.on_invite_request(other_server, event, event.room_version,)
+                self.handler.on_invite_request(
+                    other_server,
+                    event,
+                    event.room_version,
+                )
             )
 
         event = create_invite()
         self.get_failure(
-            self.handler.on_invite_request(other_server, event, event.room_version,),
+            self.handler.on_invite_request(
+                other_server,
+                event,
+                event.room_version,
+            ),
             exc=LimitExceededError,
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_message.py b/tests/handlers/test_message.py
index f955dfa490..a0d1ebdbe3 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_message.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_message.py
@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ class EventCreationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(self.user_id, tok=self.access_token)
 
         self.info = self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_datastore().get_user_by_access_token(self.access_token,)
+            self.hs.get_datastore().get_user_by_access_token(
+                self.access_token,
+            )
         )
         self.token_id = self.info.token_id
 
@@ -169,8 +171,7 @@ class ServerAclValidationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(self.user_id, tok=self.access_token)
 
     def test_allow_server_acl(self):
-        """Test that sending an ACL that blocks everyone but ourselves works.
-        """
+        """Test that sending an ACL that blocks everyone but ourselves works."""
 
         self.helper.send_state(
             self.room_id,
@@ -181,8 +182,7 @@ class ServerAclValidationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_deny_server_acl_block_outselves(self):
-        """Test that sending an ACL that blocks ourselves does not work.
-        """
+        """Test that sending an ACL that blocks ourselves does not work."""
         self.helper.send_state(
             self.room_id,
             EventTypes.ServerACL,
@@ -192,8 +192,7 @@ class ServerAclValidationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_deny_redact_server_acl(self):
-        """Test that attempting to redact an ACL is blocked.
-        """
+        """Test that attempting to redact an ACL is blocked."""
 
         body = self.helper.send_state(
             self.room_id,
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_oidc.py b/tests/handlers/test_oidc.py
index 27bb50e3b5..bdd2e02eae 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_oidc.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_oidc.py
@@ -512,7 +512,9 @@ class OidcHandlerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Mismatching session
         session = self._generate_oidc_session_token(
-            state="state", nonce="nonce", client_redirect_url="http://client/redirect",
+            state="state",
+            nonce="nonce",
+            client_redirect_url="http://client/redirect",
         )
         request.args = {}
         request.args[b"state"] = [b"mismatching state"]
@@ -567,7 +569,9 @@ class OidcHandlerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Internal server error with no JSON body
         self.http_client.request = simple_async_mock(
             return_value=FakeResponse(
-                code=500, phrase=b"Internal Server Error", body=b"Not JSON",
+                code=500,
+                phrase=b"Internal Server Error",
+                body=b"Not JSON",
             )
         )
         exc = self.get_failure(self.provider._exchange_code(code), OidcError)
@@ -587,7 +591,11 @@ class OidcHandlerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # 4xx error without "error" field
         self.http_client.request = simple_async_mock(
-            return_value=FakeResponse(code=400, phrase=b"Bad request", body=b"{}",)
+            return_value=FakeResponse(
+                code=400,
+                phrase=b"Bad request",
+                body=b"{}",
+            )
         )
         exc = self.get_failure(self.provider._exchange_code(code), OidcError)
         self.assertEqual(exc.value.error, "server_error")
@@ -595,7 +603,9 @@ class OidcHandlerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # 2xx error with "error" field
         self.http_client.request = simple_async_mock(
             return_value=FakeResponse(
-                code=200, phrase=b"OK", body=b'{"error": "some_error"}',
+                code=200,
+                phrase=b"OK",
+                body=b'{"error": "some_error"}',
             )
         )
         exc = self.get_failure(self.provider._exchange_code(code), OidcError)
@@ -632,7 +642,9 @@ class OidcHandlerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         state = "state"
         client_redirect_url = "http://client/redirect"
         session = self._generate_oidc_session_token(
-            state=state, nonce="nonce", client_redirect_url=client_redirect_url,
+            state=state,
+            nonce="nonce",
+            client_redirect_url=client_redirect_url,
         )
         request = _build_callback_request("code", state, session)
 
@@ -895,7 +907,9 @@ async def _make_callback_with_userinfo(
     session = handler._token_generator.generate_oidc_session_token(
         state=state,
         session_data=OidcSessionData(
-            idp_id="oidc", nonce="nonce", client_redirect_url=client_redirect_url,
+            idp_id="oidc",
+            nonce="nonce",
+            client_redirect_url=client_redirect_url,
         ),
     )
     request = _build_callback_request("code", state, session)
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_password_providers.py b/tests/handlers/test_password_providers.py
index f816594ee4..a98a65ae67 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_password_providers.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_password_providers.py
@@ -231,8 +231,7 @@ class PasswordAuthProviderTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         }
     )
     def test_no_local_user_fallback_login(self):
-        """localdb_enabled can block login with the local password
-        """
+        """localdb_enabled can block login with the local password"""
         self.register_user("localuser", "localpass")
 
         # check_password must return an awaitable
@@ -251,8 +250,7 @@ class PasswordAuthProviderTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         }
     )
     def test_no_local_user_fallback_ui_auth(self):
-        """localdb_enabled can block ui auth with the local password
-        """
+        """localdb_enabled can block ui auth with the local password"""
         self.register_user("localuser", "localpass")
 
         # allow login via the auth provider
@@ -594,7 +592,10 @@ class PasswordAuthProviderTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def _delete_device(
-        self, access_token: str, device: str, body: Union[JsonDict, bytes] = b"",
+        self,
+        access_token: str,
+        device: str,
+        body: Union[JsonDict, bytes] = b"",
     ) -> FakeChannel:
         """Delete an individual device."""
         channel = self.make_request(
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_presence.py b/tests/handlers/test_presence.py
index 0794b32c9c..be2ee26f07 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_presence.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_presence.py
@@ -589,8 +589,7 @@ class PresenceJoinTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def _add_new_user(self, room_id, user_id):
-        """Add new user to the room by creating an event and poking the federation API.
-        """
+        """Add new user to the room by creating an event and poking the federation API."""
 
         hostname = get_domain_from_id(user_id)
 
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_profile.py b/tests/handlers/test_profile.py
index 787fab7875..18ca8b84f5 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_profile.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_profile.py
@@ -208,7 +208,9 @@ class ProfileTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Set avatar to an empty string
         self.get_success(
             self.handler.set_avatar_url(
-                self.frank, synapse.types.create_requester(self.frank), "",
+                self.frank,
+                synapse.types.create_requester(self.frank),
+                "",
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_typing.py b/tests/handlers/test_typing.py
index 96e5bdac4a..24e7138196 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_typing.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_typing.py
@@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ class TypingNotificationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.datastore.get_current_state_deltas = Mock(return_value=(0, None))
 
         self.datastore.get_to_device_stream_token = lambda: 0
-        self.datastore.get_new_device_msgs_for_remote = lambda *args, **kargs: make_awaitable(
-            ([], 0)
+        self.datastore.get_new_device_msgs_for_remote = (
+            lambda *args, **kargs: make_awaitable(([], 0))
         )
-        self.datastore.delete_device_msgs_for_remote = lambda *args, **kargs: make_awaitable(
-            None
+        self.datastore.delete_device_msgs_for_remote = (
+            lambda *args, **kargs: make_awaitable(None)
         )
-        self.datastore.set_received_txn_response = lambda *args, **kwargs: make_awaitable(
-            None
+        self.datastore.set_received_txn_response = (
+            lambda *args, **kwargs: make_awaitable(None)
         )
 
     def test_started_typing_local(self):
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_user_directory.py b/tests/handlers/test_user_directory.py
index 9c886d671a..3572e54c5d 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_user_directory.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_user_directory.py
@@ -200,7 +200,9 @@ class UserDirectoryTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Check that the room has an encryption state event
         event_content = self.helper.get_state(
-            room_id=room_id, event_type=EventTypes.RoomEncryption, tok=user_token,
+            room_id=room_id,
+            event_type=EventTypes.RoomEncryption,
+            tok=user_token,
         )
         self.assertEqual(event_content, {"algorithm": RoomEncryptionAlgorithms.DEFAULT})
 
@@ -209,7 +211,9 @@ class UserDirectoryTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Check that the room has an encryption state event
         event_content = self.helper.get_state(
-            room_id=room_id, event_type=EventTypes.RoomEncryption, tok=user_token,
+            room_id=room_id,
+            event_type=EventTypes.RoomEncryption,
+            tok=user_token,
         )
         self.assertEqual(event_content, {"algorithm": RoomEncryptionAlgorithms.DEFAULT})
 
@@ -227,7 +231,9 @@ class UserDirectoryTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Check that the room has an encryption state event
         event_content = self.helper.get_state(
-            room_id=room_id, event_type=EventTypes.RoomEncryption, tok=user_token,
+            room_id=room_id,
+            event_type=EventTypes.RoomEncryption,
+            tok=user_token,
         )
         self.assertEqual(event_content, {"algorithm": RoomEncryptionAlgorithms.DEFAULT})
 
diff --git a/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py b/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py
index 686012dd25..4c56253da5 100644
--- a/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py
+++ b/tests/http/federation/test_matrix_federation_agent.py
@@ -518,8 +518,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgentTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.successResultOf(test_d)
 
     def test_get_well_known(self):
-        """Test the behaviour when the .well-known delegates elsewhere
-        """
+        """Test the behaviour when the .well-known delegates elsewhere"""
 
         self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = generate_resolve_service([])
         self.reactor.lookups["testserv"] = "1.2.3.4"
@@ -1135,8 +1134,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgentTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsNone(r.delegated_server)
 
     def test_srv_fallbacks(self):
-        """Test that other SRV results are tried if the first one fails.
-        """
+        """Test that other SRV results are tried if the first one fails."""
         self.mock_resolver.resolve_service.side_effect = generate_resolve_service(
             [
                 Server(host=b"target.com", port=8443),
diff --git a/tests/module_api/test_api.py b/tests/module_api/test_api.py
index 27206ca3db..edacd1b566 100644
--- a/tests/module_api/test_api.py
+++ b/tests/module_api/test_api.py
@@ -100,7 +100,10 @@ class ModuleApiTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Check that the event was sent
         self.event_creation_handler.create_and_send_nonmember_event.assert_called_with(
-            expected_requester, event_dict, ratelimit=False, ignore_shadow_ban=True,
+            expected_requester,
+            event_dict,
+            ratelimit=False,
+            ignore_shadow_ban=True,
         )
 
         # Create and send a state event
diff --git a/tests/replication/_base.py b/tests/replication/_base.py
index d5dce1f83f..f6a6aed35e 100644
--- a/tests/replication/_base.py
+++ b/tests/replication/_base.py
@@ -79,7 +79,11 @@ class BaseStreamTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         repl_handler = ReplicationCommandHandler(self.worker_hs)
         self.client = ClientReplicationStreamProtocol(
-            self.worker_hs, "client", "test", clock, repl_handler,
+            self.worker_hs,
+            "client",
+            "test",
+            clock,
+            repl_handler,
         )
 
         self._client_transport = None
@@ -228,7 +232,9 @@ class BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if self.hs.config.redis.redis_enabled:
             # Handle attempts to connect to fake redis server.
             self.reactor.add_tcp_client_callback(
-                "localhost", 6379, self.connect_any_redis_attempts,
+                "localhost",
+                6379,
+                self.connect_any_redis_attempts,
             )
 
             self.hs.get_tcp_replication().start_replication(self.hs)
@@ -246,8 +252,7 @@ class BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def create_test_resource(self):
-        """Overrides `HomeserverTestCase.create_test_resource`.
-        """
+        """Overrides `HomeserverTestCase.create_test_resource`."""
         # We override this so that it automatically registers all the HTTP
         # replication servlets, without having to explicitly do that in all
         # subclassses.
@@ -296,7 +301,10 @@ class BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             if instance_loc.host not in self.reactor.lookups:
                 raise Exception(
                     "Host does not have an IP for instance_map[%r].host = %r"
-                    % (instance_name, instance_loc.host,)
+                    % (
+                        instance_name,
+                        instance_loc.host,
+                    )
                 )
 
             self.reactor.add_tcp_client_callback(
@@ -315,7 +323,11 @@ class BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if not worker_hs.config.redis_enabled:
             repl_handler = ReplicationCommandHandler(worker_hs)
             client = ClientReplicationStreamProtocol(
-                worker_hs, "client", "test", self.clock, repl_handler,
+                worker_hs,
+                "client",
+                "test",
+                self.clock,
+                repl_handler,
             )
             server = self.server_factory.buildProtocol(None)
 
@@ -485,8 +497,7 @@ class _PushHTTPChannel(HTTPChannel):
             self._pull_to_push_producer.stop()
 
     def checkPersistence(self, request, version):
-        """Check whether the connection can be re-used
-        """
+        """Check whether the connection can be re-used"""
         # We hijack this to always say no for ease of wiring stuff up in
         # `handle_http_replication_attempt`.
         request.responseHeaders.setRawHeaders(b"connection", [b"close"])
@@ -494,8 +505,7 @@ class _PushHTTPChannel(HTTPChannel):
 
 
 class _PullToPushProducer:
-    """A push producer that wraps a pull producer.
-    """
+    """A push producer that wraps a pull producer."""
 
     def __init__(
         self, reactor: IReactorTime, producer: IPullProducer, consumer: IConsumer
@@ -512,39 +522,33 @@ class _PullToPushProducer:
         self._start_loop()
 
     def _start_loop(self):
-        """Start the looping call to
-        """
+        """Start the looping call to"""
 
         if not self._looping_call:
             # Start a looping call which runs every tick.
             self._looping_call = self._clock.looping_call(self._run_once, 0)
 
     def stop(self):
-        """Stops calling resumeProducing.
-        """
+        """Stops calling resumeProducing."""
         if self._looping_call:
             self._looping_call.stop()
             self._looping_call = None
 
     def pauseProducing(self):
-        """Implements IPushProducer
-        """
+        """Implements IPushProducer"""
         self.stop()
 
     def resumeProducing(self):
-        """Implements IPushProducer
-        """
+        """Implements IPushProducer"""
         self._start_loop()
 
     def stopProducing(self):
-        """Implements IPushProducer
-        """
+        """Implements IPushProducer"""
         self.stop()
         self._producer.stopProducing()
 
     def _run_once(self):
-        """Calls resumeProducing on producer once.
-        """
+        """Calls resumeProducing on producer once."""
 
         try:
             self._producer.resumeProducing()
@@ -559,25 +563,21 @@ class _PullToPushProducer:
 
 
 class FakeRedisPubSubServer:
-    """A fake Redis server for pub/sub.
-    """
+    """A fake Redis server for pub/sub."""
 
     def __init__(self):
         self._subscribers = set()
 
     def add_subscriber(self, conn):
-        """A connection has called SUBSCRIBE
-        """
+        """A connection has called SUBSCRIBE"""
         self._subscribers.add(conn)
 
     def remove_subscriber(self, conn):
-        """A connection has called UNSUBSCRIBE
-        """
+        """A connection has called UNSUBSCRIBE"""
         self._subscribers.discard(conn)
 
     def publish(self, conn, channel, msg) -> int:
-        """A connection want to publish a message to subscribers.
-        """
+        """A connection want to publish a message to subscribers."""
         for sub in self._subscribers:
             sub.send(["message", channel, msg])
 
@@ -588,8 +588,7 @@ class FakeRedisPubSubServer:
 
 
 class FakeRedisPubSubProtocol(Protocol):
-    """A connection from a client talking to the fake Redis server.
-    """
+    """A connection from a client talking to the fake Redis server."""
 
     def __init__(self, server: FakeRedisPubSubServer):
         self._server = server
@@ -613,8 +612,7 @@ class FakeRedisPubSubProtocol(Protocol):
             self.handle_command(msg[0], *msg[1:])
 
     def handle_command(self, command, *args):
-        """Received a Redis command from the client.
-        """
+        """Received a Redis command from the client."""
 
         # We currently only support pub/sub.
         if command == b"PUBLISH":
@@ -635,8 +633,7 @@ class FakeRedisPubSubProtocol(Protocol):
             raise Exception("Unknown command")
 
     def send(self, msg):
-        """Send a message back to the client.
-        """
+        """Send a message back to the client."""
         raw = self.encode(msg).encode("utf-8")
 
         self.transport.write(raw)
diff --git a/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py b/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py
index c0ee1cfbd6..0ceb0f935c 100644
--- a/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py
+++ b/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py
@@ -66,7 +66,10 @@ class SlavedEventStoreTestCase(BaseSlavedStoreTestCase):
 
         self.get_success(
             self.master_store.store_room(
-                ROOM_ID, USER_ID, is_public=False, room_version=RoomVersions.V1,
+                ROOM_ID,
+                USER_ID,
+                is_public=False,
+                room_version=RoomVersions.V1,
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_account_data.py b/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_account_data.py
index 6a5116dd2a..153634d4ee 100644
--- a/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_account_data.py
+++ b/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_account_data.py
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ from tests.replication._base import BaseStreamTestCase
 
 class AccountDataStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
     def test_update_function_room_account_data_limit(self):
-        """Test replication with many room account data updates
-        """
+        """Test replication with many room account data updates"""
         store = self.hs.get_datastore()
 
         # generate lots of account data updates
@@ -70,8 +69,7 @@ class AccountDataStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
         self.assertEqual([], received_rows)
 
     def test_update_function_global_account_data_limit(self):
-        """Test replication with many global account data updates
-        """
+        """Test replication with many global account data updates"""
         store = self.hs.get_datastore()
 
         # generate lots of account data updates
diff --git a/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_events.py b/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_events.py
index bad0df08cf..77856fc304 100644
--- a/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_events.py
+++ b/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_events.py
@@ -129,7 +129,10 @@ class EventsStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
         )
         pls["users"][OTHER_USER] = 50
         self.helper.send_state(
-            self.room_id, EventTypes.PowerLevels, pls, tok=self.user_tok,
+            self.room_id,
+            EventTypes.PowerLevels,
+            pls,
+            tok=self.user_tok,
         )
 
         # this is the point in the DAG where we make a fork
@@ -255,8 +258,7 @@ class EventsStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
             self.assertIsNone(sr.event_id)
 
     def test_update_function_state_row_limit(self):
-        """Test replication with many state events over several stream ids.
-        """
+        """Test replication with many state events over several stream ids."""
 
         # we want to generate lots of state changes, but for this test, we want to
         # spread out the state changes over a few stream IDs.
@@ -282,7 +284,10 @@ class EventsStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
         )
         pls["users"].update({u: 50 for u in user_ids})
         self.helper.send_state(
-            self.room_id, EventTypes.PowerLevels, pls, tok=self.user_tok,
+            self.room_id,
+            EventTypes.PowerLevels,
+            pls,
+            tok=self.user_tok,
         )
 
         # this is the point in the DAG where we make a fork
diff --git a/tests/replication/tcp/test_remote_server_up.py b/tests/replication/tcp/test_remote_server_up.py
index d1c15caeb0..1fe9d5b4d0 100644
--- a/tests/replication/tcp/test_remote_server_up.py
+++ b/tests/replication/tcp/test_remote_server_up.py
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ class RemoteServerUpTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.factory = ReplicationStreamProtocolFactory(hs)
 
     def _make_client(self) -> Tuple[IProtocol, StringTransport]:
-        """Create a new direct TCP replication connection
-        """
+        """Create a new direct TCP replication connection"""
 
         proto = self.factory.buildProtocol(("127.0.0.1", 0))
         transport = StringTransport()
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_auth.py b/tests/replication/test_auth.py
index f35a5235e1..f8fd8a843c 100644
--- a/tests/replication/test_auth.py
+++ b/tests/replication/test_auth.py
@@ -79,8 +79,7 @@ class WorkerAuthenticationTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_no_auth(self):
-        """With no authentication the request should finish.
-        """
+        """With no authentication the request should finish."""
         channel = self._test_register()
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
 
@@ -89,8 +88,7 @@ class WorkerAuthenticationTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
 
     @override_config({"main_replication_secret": "my-secret"})
     def test_missing_auth(self):
-        """If the main process expects a secret that is not provided, an error results.
-        """
+        """If the main process expects a secret that is not provided, an error results."""
         channel = self._test_register()
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 500)
 
@@ -101,15 +99,13 @@ class WorkerAuthenticationTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         }
     )
     def test_unauthorized(self):
-        """If the main process receives the wrong secret, an error results.
-        """
+        """If the main process receives the wrong secret, an error results."""
         channel = self._test_register()
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 500)
 
     @override_config({"worker_replication_secret": "my-secret"})
     def test_authorized(self):
-        """The request should finish when the worker provides the authentication header.
-        """
+        """The request should finish when the worker provides the authentication header."""
         channel = self._test_register()
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
 
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_client_reader_shard.py b/tests/replication/test_client_reader_shard.py
index 4608b65a0c..5da1d5dc4d 100644
--- a/tests/replication/test_client_reader_shard.py
+++ b/tests/replication/test_client_reader_shard.py
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ class ClientReaderTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         return config
 
     def test_register_single_worker(self):
-        """Test that registration works when using a single client reader worker.
-        """
+        """Test that registration works when using a single client reader worker."""
         worker_hs = self.make_worker_hs("synapse.app.client_reader")
         site = self._hs_to_site[worker_hs]
 
@@ -66,8 +65,7 @@ class ClientReaderTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(channel_2.json_body["user_id"], "@user:test")
 
     def test_register_multi_worker(self):
-        """Test that registration works when using multiple client reader workers.
-        """
+        """Test that registration works when using multiple client reader workers."""
         worker_hs_1 = self.make_worker_hs("synapse.app.client_reader")
         worker_hs_2 = self.make_worker_hs("synapse.app.client_reader")
 
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_multi_media_repo.py b/tests/replication/test_multi_media_repo.py
index d1feca961f..7ff11cde10 100644
--- a/tests/replication/test_multi_media_repo.py
+++ b/tests/replication/test_multi_media_repo.py
@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ test_server_connection_factory = None
 
 
 class MediaRepoShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
-    """Checks running multiple media repos work correctly.
-    """
+    """Checks running multiple media repos work correctly."""
 
     servlets = [
         admin.register_servlets_for_client_rest_resource,
@@ -124,8 +123,7 @@ class MediaRepoShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         return channel, request
 
     def test_basic(self):
-        """Test basic fetching of remote media from a single worker.
-        """
+        """Test basic fetching of remote media from a single worker."""
         hs1 = self.make_worker_hs("synapse.app.generic_worker")
 
         channel, request = self._get_media_req(hs1, "example.com:443", "ABC123")
@@ -223,16 +221,14 @@ class MediaRepoShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(start_count + 3, self._count_remote_thumbnails())
 
     def _count_remote_media(self) -> int:
-        """Count the number of files in our remote media directory.
-        """
+        """Count the number of files in our remote media directory."""
         path = os.path.join(
             self.hs.get_media_repository().primary_base_path, "remote_content"
         )
         return sum(len(files) for _, _, files in os.walk(path))
 
     def _count_remote_thumbnails(self) -> int:
-        """Count the number of files in our remote thumbnails directory.
-        """
+        """Count the number of files in our remote thumbnails directory."""
         path = os.path.join(
             self.hs.get_media_repository().primary_base_path, "remote_thumbnail"
         )
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py b/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py
index 800ad94a04..f118fe32af 100644
--- a/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py
+++ b/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class PusherShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
-    """Checks pusher sharding works
-    """
+    """Checks pusher sharding works"""
 
     servlets = [
         admin.register_servlets_for_client_rest_resource,
@@ -88,11 +87,10 @@ class PusherShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         return event_id
 
     def test_send_push_single_worker(self):
-        """Test that registration works when using a pusher worker.
-        """
+        """Test that registration works when using a pusher worker."""
         http_client_mock = Mock(spec_set=["post_json_get_json"])
-        http_client_mock.post_json_get_json.side_effect = lambda *_, **__: defer.succeed(
-            {}
+        http_client_mock.post_json_get_json.side_effect = (
+            lambda *_, **__: defer.succeed({})
         )
 
         self.make_worker_hs(
@@ -119,11 +117,10 @@ class PusherShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_send_push_multiple_workers(self):
-        """Test that registration works when using sharded pusher workers.
-        """
+        """Test that registration works when using sharded pusher workers."""
         http_client_mock1 = Mock(spec_set=["post_json_get_json"])
-        http_client_mock1.post_json_get_json.side_effect = lambda *_, **__: defer.succeed(
-            {}
+        http_client_mock1.post_json_get_json.side_effect = (
+            lambda *_, **__: defer.succeed({})
         )
 
         self.make_worker_hs(
@@ -137,8 +134,8 @@ class PusherShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         )
 
         http_client_mock2 = Mock(spec_set=["post_json_get_json"])
-        http_client_mock2.post_json_get_json.side_effect = lambda *_, **__: defer.succeed(
-            {}
+        http_client_mock2.post_json_get_json.side_effect = (
+            lambda *_, **__: defer.succeed({})
         )
 
         self.make_worker_hs(
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_sharded_event_persister.py b/tests/replication/test_sharded_event_persister.py
index 8d494ebc03..c9b773fbd2 100644
--- a/tests/replication/test_sharded_event_persister.py
+++ b/tests/replication/test_sharded_event_persister.py
@@ -29,8 +29,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class EventPersisterShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
-    """Checks event persisting sharding works
-    """
+    """Checks event persisting sharding works"""
 
     # Event persister sharding requires postgres (due to needing
     # `MutliWriterIdGenerator`).
@@ -63,8 +62,7 @@ class EventPersisterShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         return conf
 
     def _create_room(self, room_id: str, user_id: str, tok: str):
-        """Create a room with given room_id
-        """
+        """Create a room with given room_id"""
 
         # We control the room ID generation by patching out the
         # `_generate_room_id` method
@@ -91,11 +89,13 @@ class EventPersisterShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         """
 
         self.make_worker_hs(
-            "synapse.app.generic_worker", {"worker_name": "worker1"},
+            "synapse.app.generic_worker",
+            {"worker_name": "worker1"},
         )
 
         self.make_worker_hs(
-            "synapse.app.generic_worker", {"worker_name": "worker2"},
+            "synapse.app.generic_worker",
+            {"worker_name": "worker2"},
         )
 
         persisted_on_1 = False
@@ -139,15 +139,18 @@ class EventPersisterShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         """
 
         self.make_worker_hs(
-            "synapse.app.generic_worker", {"worker_name": "worker1"},
+            "synapse.app.generic_worker",
+            {"worker_name": "worker1"},
         )
 
         worker_hs2 = self.make_worker_hs(
-            "synapse.app.generic_worker", {"worker_name": "worker2"},
+            "synapse.app.generic_worker",
+            {"worker_name": "worker2"},
         )
 
         sync_hs = self.make_worker_hs(
-            "synapse.app.generic_worker", {"worker_name": "sync"},
+            "synapse.app.generic_worker",
+            {"worker_name": "sync"},
         )
         sync_hs_site = self._hs_to_site[sync_hs]
 
@@ -323,7 +326,9 @@ class EventPersisterShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
             sync_hs_site,
             "GET",
             "/rooms/{}/messages?from={}&to={}&dir=f".format(
-                room_id2, vector_clock_token, prev_batch2,
+                room_id2,
+                vector_clock_token,
+                prev_batch2,
             ),
             access_token=access_token,
         )
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_admin.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_admin.py
index 9d22c04073..057e27372e 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_admin.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_admin.py
@@ -130,8 +130,7 @@ class DeleteGroupTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def _get_groups_user_is_in(self, access_token):
-        """Returns the list of groups the user is in (given their access token)
-        """
+        """Returns the list of groups the user is in (given their access token)"""
         channel = self.make_request(
             "GET", "/joined_groups".encode("ascii"), access_token=access_token
         )
@@ -142,8 +141,7 @@ class DeleteGroupTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
 
 class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
-    """Test /quarantine_media admin API.
-    """
+    """Test /quarantine_media admin API."""
 
     servlets = [
         synapse.rest.admin.register_servlets,
@@ -237,7 +235,9 @@ class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Attempt quarantine media APIs as non-admin
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/media/quarantine/example.org/abcde12345"
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=non_admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=non_admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         # Expect a forbidden error
@@ -250,7 +250,9 @@ class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # And the roomID/userID endpoint
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/room/!room%3Aexample.com/media/quarantine"
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=non_admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=non_admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         # Expect a forbidden error
@@ -294,7 +296,11 @@ class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             urllib.parse.quote(server_name),
             urllib.parse.quote(media_id),
         )
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", url, access_token=admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            access_token=admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.pump(1.0)
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.code), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
@@ -346,7 +352,11 @@ class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/room/%s/media/quarantine" % urllib.parse.quote(
                 room_id
             )
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", url, access_token=admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            access_token=admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.pump(1.0)
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.code), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(
@@ -391,7 +401,9 @@ class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             non_admin_user
         )
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.pump(1.0)
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -437,7 +449,9 @@ class QuarantineMediaTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             non_admin_user
         )
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.pump(1.0)
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_device.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_device.py
index 248c4442c3..2a1bcf1760 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_device.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_device.py
@@ -70,21 +70,27 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         If the user is not a server admin, an error is returned.
         """
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url, access_token=self.other_user_token,
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "PUT", self.url, access_token=self.other_user_token,
+            "PUT",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "DELETE", self.url, access_token=self.other_user_token,
+            "DELETE",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -99,17 +105,29 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             % self.other_user_device_id
         )
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("PUT", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "PUT",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -123,17 +141,29 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             % self.other_user_device_id
         )
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("PUT", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "PUT",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
@@ -146,16 +176,28 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             self.other_user
         )
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("PUT", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "PUT",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         # Delete unknown device returns status 200
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
@@ -190,7 +232,11 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(Codes.TOO_LARGE, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
         # Ensure the display name was not updated.
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("new display", channel.json_body["display_name"])
@@ -207,12 +253,20 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             )
         )
 
-        channel = self.make_request("PUT", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "PUT",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
         # Ensure the display name was not updated.
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("new display", channel.json_body["display_name"])
@@ -233,7 +287,11 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
         # Check new display_name
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("new displayname", channel.json_body["display_name"])
@@ -242,7 +300,11 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         Tests that a normal lookup for a device is successfully
         """
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(self.other_user, channel.json_body["user_id"])
@@ -264,7 +326,9 @@ class DeviceRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Delete device
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "DELETE", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "DELETE",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
@@ -306,7 +370,11 @@ class DevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -316,7 +384,11 @@ class DevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Tests that a lookup for a user that does not exist returns a 404
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v2/users/@unknown_person:test/devices"
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -327,7 +399,11 @@ class DevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v2/users/@unknown_person:unknown_domain/devices"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
@@ -339,7 +415,11 @@ class DevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         # Get devices
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -355,7 +435,11 @@ class DevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             self.login("user", "pass")
 
         # Get devices
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(number_devices, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -404,7 +488,11 @@ class DeleteDevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", self.url, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -414,7 +502,11 @@ class DeleteDevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Tests that a lookup for a user that does not exist returns a 404
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v2/users/@unknown_person:test/delete_devices"
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -425,7 +517,11 @@ class DeleteDevicesRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v2/users/@unknown_person:unknown_domain/delete_devices"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_event_reports.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_event_reports.py
index d0090faa4f..e30ffe4fa0 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_event_reports.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_event_reports.py
@@ -51,19 +51,23 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Two rooms and two users. Every user sends and reports every room event
         for i in range(5):
             self._create_event_and_report(
-                room_id=self.room_id1, user_tok=self.other_user_tok,
+                room_id=self.room_id1,
+                user_tok=self.other_user_tok,
             )
         for i in range(5):
             self._create_event_and_report(
-                room_id=self.room_id2, user_tok=self.other_user_tok,
+                room_id=self.room_id2,
+                user_tok=self.other_user_tok,
             )
         for i in range(5):
             self._create_event_and_report(
-                room_id=self.room_id1, user_tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+                room_id=self.room_id1,
+                user_tok=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
         for i in range(5):
             self._create_event_and_report(
-                room_id=self.room_id2, user_tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+                room_id=self.room_id2,
+                user_tok=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
 
         self.url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/event_reports"
@@ -82,7 +86,11 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         If the user is not a server admin, an error 403 is returned.
         """
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.other_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -92,7 +100,11 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Testing list of reported events
         """
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["total"], 20)
@@ -106,7 +118,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -121,7 +135,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -136,7 +152,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5&limit=10", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5&limit=10",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -213,7 +231,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # fetch the most recent first, largest timestamp
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?dir=b", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?dir=b",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -229,7 +249,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # fetch the oldest first, smallest timestamp
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?dir=f", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?dir=f",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -249,7 +271,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?dir=bar", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?dir=bar",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -262,7 +286,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -274,7 +300,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -288,7 +316,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of results is the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=20", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=20",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -299,7 +329,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of max results is larger than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=21", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=21",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -310,7 +342,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does appear
         # Number of max results is smaller than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -322,7 +356,9 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Set `from` to value of `next_token` for request remaining entries
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -331,8 +367,7 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertNotIn("next_token", channel.json_body)
 
     def _create_event_and_report(self, room_id, user_tok):
-        """Create and report events
-        """
+        """Create and report events"""
         resp = self.helper.send(room_id, tok=user_tok)
         event_id = resp["event_id"]
 
@@ -345,8 +380,7 @@ class EventReportsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
     def _check_fields(self, content):
-        """Checks that all attributes are present in an event report
-        """
+        """Checks that all attributes are present in an event report"""
         for c in content:
             self.assertIn("id", c)
             self.assertIn("received_ts", c)
@@ -381,7 +415,8 @@ class EventReportDetailTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.helper.join(self.room_id1, user=self.admin_user, tok=self.admin_user_tok)
 
         self._create_event_and_report(
-            room_id=self.room_id1, user_tok=self.other_user_tok,
+            room_id=self.room_id1,
+            user_tok=self.other_user_tok,
         )
 
         # first created event report gets `id`=2
@@ -401,7 +436,11 @@ class EventReportDetailTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         If the user is not a server admin, an error 403 is returned.
         """
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.other_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -411,7 +450,11 @@ class EventReportDetailTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Testing get a reported event
         """
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self._check_fields(channel.json_body)
@@ -479,8 +522,7 @@ class EventReportDetailTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual("Event report not found", channel.json_body["error"])
 
     def _create_event_and_report(self, room_id, user_tok):
-        """Create and report events
-        """
+        """Create and report events"""
         resp = self.helper.send(room_id, tok=user_tok)
         event_id = resp["event_id"]
 
@@ -493,8 +535,7 @@ class EventReportDetailTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
     def _check_fields(self, content):
-        """Checks that all attributes are present in a event report
-        """
+        """Checks that all attributes are present in a event report"""
         self.assertIn("id", content)
         self.assertIn("received_ts", content)
         self.assertIn("room_id", content)
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_media.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_media.py
index 51a7731693..31db472cd3 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_media.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_media.py
@@ -63,7 +63,11 @@ class DeleteMediaByIDTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/media/%s/%s" % (self.server_name, "12345")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -74,7 +78,11 @@ class DeleteMediaByIDTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/media/%s/%s" % (self.server_name, "12345")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -85,7 +93,11 @@ class DeleteMediaByIDTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/media/%s/%s" % ("unknown_domain", "12345")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only delete local media", channel.json_body["error"])
@@ -139,12 +151,17 @@ class DeleteMediaByIDTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/media/%s/%s" % (self.server_name, media_id)
 
         # Delete media
-        channel = self.make_request("DELETE", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "DELETE",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            media_id, channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
+            media_id,
+            channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
         )
 
         # Attempt to access media
@@ -207,7 +224,9 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", self.url, access_token=self.other_user_token,
+            "POST",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -220,7 +239,9 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/media/%s/delete" % "unknown_domain"
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url + "?before_ts=1234", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url + "?before_ts=1234",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
@@ -230,7 +251,11 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         If the parameter `before_ts` is missing, an error is returned.
         """
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.MISSING_PARAM, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -243,7 +268,9 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         If parameters are invalid, an error is returned.
         """
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", self.url + "?before_ts=-1234", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            self.url + "?before_ts=-1234",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -304,7 +331,8 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            media_id, channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
+            media_id,
+            channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
         )
 
         self._access_media(server_and_media_id, False)
@@ -340,7 +368,8 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1], channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
+            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1],
+            channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
         )
 
         self._access_media(server_and_media_id, False)
@@ -374,7 +403,8 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1], channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
+            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1],
+            channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
         )
 
         self._access_media(server_and_media_id, False)
@@ -417,7 +447,8 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1], channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
+            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1],
+            channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
         )
 
         self._access_media(server_and_media_id, False)
@@ -461,7 +492,8 @@ class DeleteMediaByDateSizeTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1], channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
+            server_and_media_id.split("/")[1],
+            channel.json_body["deleted_media"][0],
         )
 
         self._access_media(server_and_media_id, False)
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_room.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_room.py
index 2a217b1ce0..b55160b70a 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_room.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_room.py
@@ -127,8 +127,7 @@ class ShutdownRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._assert_peek(room_id, expect_code=403)
 
     def _assert_peek(self, room_id, expect_code):
-        """Assert that the admin user can (or cannot) peek into the room.
-        """
+        """Assert that the admin user can (or cannot) peek into the room."""
 
         url = "rooms/%s/initialSync" % (room_id,)
         channel = self.make_request(
@@ -186,7 +185,10 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", self.url, json.dumps({}), access_token=self.other_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            self.url,
+            json.dumps({}),
+            access_token=self.other_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -199,7 +201,10 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/!unknown:test/delete"
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url, json.dumps({}), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            json.dumps({}),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -212,12 +217,16 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/invalidroom/delete"
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url, json.dumps({}), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            json.dumps({}),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            "invalidroom is not a legal room ID", channel.json_body["error"],
+            "invalidroom is not a legal room ID",
+            channel.json_body["error"],
         )
 
     def test_new_room_user_does_not_exist(self):
@@ -254,7 +263,8 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(
-            "User must be our own: @not:exist.bla", channel.json_body["error"],
+            "User must be our own: @not:exist.bla",
+            channel.json_body["error"],
         )
 
     def test_block_is_not_bool(self):
@@ -491,8 +501,7 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._assert_peek(self.room_id, expect_code=403)
 
     def _is_blocked(self, room_id, expect=True):
-        """Assert that the room is blocked or not
-        """
+        """Assert that the room is blocked or not"""
         d = self.store.is_room_blocked(room_id)
         if expect:
             self.assertTrue(self.get_success(d))
@@ -500,20 +509,17 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             self.assertIsNone(self.get_success(d))
 
     def _has_no_members(self, room_id):
-        """Assert there is now no longer anyone in the room
-        """
+        """Assert there is now no longer anyone in the room"""
         users_in_room = self.get_success(self.store.get_users_in_room(room_id))
         self.assertEqual([], users_in_room)
 
     def _is_member(self, room_id, user_id):
-        """Test that user is member of the room
-        """
+        """Test that user is member of the room"""
         users_in_room = self.get_success(self.store.get_users_in_room(room_id))
         self.assertIn(user_id, users_in_room)
 
     def _is_purged(self, room_id):
-        """Test that the following tables have been purged of all rows related to the room.
-        """
+        """Test that the following tables have been purged of all rows related to the room."""
         for table in PURGE_TABLES:
             count = self.get_success(
                 self.store.db_pool.simple_select_one_onecol(
@@ -527,8 +533,7 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             self.assertEqual(count, 0, msg="Rows not purged in {}".format(table))
 
     def _assert_peek(self, room_id, expect_code):
-        """Assert that the admin user can (or cannot) peek into the room.
-        """
+        """Assert that the admin user can (or cannot) peek into the room."""
 
         url = "rooms/%s/initialSync" % (room_id,)
         channel = self.make_request(
@@ -548,8 +553,7 @@ class DeleteRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
 
 class PurgeRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
-    """Test /purge_room admin API.
-    """
+    """Test /purge_room admin API."""
 
     servlets = [
         synapse.rest.admin.register_servlets,
@@ -594,8 +598,7 @@ class PurgeRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
 
 class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
-    """Test /room admin API.
-    """
+    """Test /room admin API."""
 
     servlets = [
         synapse.rest.admin.register_servlets,
@@ -623,7 +626,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Request the list of rooms
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms"
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         # Check request completed successfully
@@ -685,7 +690,10 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Set the name of the rooms so we get a consistent returned ordering
         for idx, room_id in enumerate(room_ids):
             self.helper.send_state(
-                room_id, "m.room.name", {"name": str(idx)}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+                room_id,
+                "m.room.name",
+                {"name": str(idx)},
+                tok=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
 
         # Request the list of rooms
@@ -704,7 +712,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
                 "name",
             )
             channel = self.make_request(
-                "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+                "GET",
+                url.encode("ascii"),
+                access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
             self.assertEqual(
                 200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"]
@@ -744,7 +754,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms?from=%d&limit=%d" % (start, limit)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
@@ -788,13 +800,18 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Set a name for the room
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id, "m.room.name", {"name": test_room_name}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": test_room_name},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         # Request the list of rooms
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms"
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
@@ -860,7 +877,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             )
 
         def _order_test(
-            order_type: str, expected_room_list: List[str], reverse: bool = False,
+            order_type: str,
+            expected_room_list: List[str],
+            reverse: bool = False,
         ):
             """Request the list of rooms in a certain order. Assert that order is what
             we expect
@@ -875,7 +894,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             if reverse:
                 url += "&dir=b"
             channel = self.make_request(
-                "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+                "GET",
+                url.encode("ascii"),
+                access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
             self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
@@ -907,13 +928,22 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Set room names in alphabetical order. room 1 -> A, 2 -> B, 3 -> C
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_1, "m.room.name", {"name": "A"}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_1,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": "A"},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_2, "m.room.name", {"name": "B"}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_2,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": "B"},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_3, "m.room.name", {"name": "C"}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_3,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": "C"},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         # Set room canonical room aliases
@@ -990,10 +1020,16 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Set the name for each room
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_1, "m.room.name", {"name": room_name_1}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_1,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": room_name_1},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_2, "m.room.name", {"name": room_name_2}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_2,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": room_name_2},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         def _search_test(
@@ -1011,7 +1047,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             """
             url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms?search_term=%s" % (search_term,)
             channel = self.make_request(
-                "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+                "GET",
+                url.encode("ascii"),
+                access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
             self.assertEqual(expected_http_code, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
@@ -1071,15 +1109,23 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Set the name for each room
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_1, "m.room.name", {"name": room_name_1}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_1,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": room_name_1},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.helper.send_state(
-            room_id_2, "m.room.name", {"name": room_name_2}, tok=self.admin_user_tok,
+            room_id_2,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": room_name_2},
+            tok=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s" % (room_id_1,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
@@ -1109,7 +1155,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s" % (room_id_1,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["joined_local_devices"])
@@ -1121,7 +1169,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s" % (room_id_1,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(2, channel.json_body["joined_local_devices"])
@@ -1131,7 +1181,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.helper.leave(room_id_1, user_1, tok=user_tok_1)
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s" % (room_id_1,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["joined_local_devices"])
@@ -1160,7 +1212,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s/members" % (room_id_1,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
@@ -1171,7 +1225,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s/members" % (room_id_2,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
@@ -1187,7 +1243,9 @@ class RoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/rooms/%s/state" % (room_id,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertIn("state", channel.json_body)
@@ -1342,7 +1400,9 @@ class JoinAliasRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Validate if user is a member of the room
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms", access_token=self.second_tok,
+            "GET",
+            "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms",
+            access_token=self.second_tok,
         )
         self.assertEquals(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(self.public_room_id, channel.json_body["joined_rooms"][0])
@@ -1389,7 +1449,9 @@ class JoinAliasRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Validate if server admin is a member of the room
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEquals(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(private_room_id, channel.json_body["joined_rooms"][0])
@@ -1411,7 +1473,9 @@ class JoinAliasRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Validate if user is a member of the room
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms", access_token=self.second_tok,
+            "GET",
+            "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms",
+            access_token=self.second_tok,
         )
         self.assertEquals(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(private_room_id, channel.json_body["joined_rooms"][0])
@@ -1440,7 +1504,9 @@ class JoinAliasRoomTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Validate if user is a member of the room
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms", access_token=self.second_tok,
+            "GET",
+            "/_matrix/client/r0/joined_rooms",
+            access_token=self.second_tok,
         )
         self.assertEquals(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(private_room_id, channel.json_body["joined_rooms"][0])
@@ -1555,8 +1621,7 @@ class MakeRoomAdminTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_public_room(self):
-        """Test that getting admin in a public room works.
-        """
+        """Test that getting admin in a public room works."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(
             self.creator, tok=self.creator_tok, is_public=True
         )
@@ -1581,10 +1646,11 @@ class MakeRoomAdminTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_private_room(self):
-        """Test that getting admin in a private room works and we get invited.
-        """
+        """Test that getting admin in a private room works and we get invited."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(
-            self.creator, tok=self.creator_tok, is_public=False,
+            self.creator,
+            tok=self.creator_tok,
+            is_public=False,
         )
 
         channel = self.make_request(
@@ -1608,8 +1674,7 @@ class MakeRoomAdminTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_other_user(self):
-        """Test that giving admin in a public room works to a non-admin user works.
-        """
+        """Test that giving admin in a public room works to a non-admin user works."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(
             self.creator, tok=self.creator_tok, is_public=True
         )
@@ -1634,8 +1699,7 @@ class MakeRoomAdminTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_not_enough_power(self):
-        """Test that we get a sensible error if there are no local room admins.
-        """
+        """Test that we get a sensible error if there are no local room admins."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(
             self.creator, tok=self.creator_tok, is_public=True
         )
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_statistics.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_statistics.py
index f48be3d65a..1f1d11f527 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_statistics.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_statistics.py
@@ -55,7 +55,10 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         If the user is not a server admin, an error 403 is returned.
         """
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url, json.dumps({}), access_token=self.other_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            json.dumps({}),
+            access_token=self.other_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -67,7 +70,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         # unkown order_by
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?order_by=bar", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?order_by=bar",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -75,7 +80,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # negative from
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -83,7 +90,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # negative limit
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -91,7 +100,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # negative from_ts
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from_ts=-1234", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from_ts=-1234",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -99,7 +110,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # negative until_ts
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?until_ts=-1234", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?until_ts=-1234",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -117,7 +130,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # empty search term
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?search_term=", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?search_term=",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -125,7 +140,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # invalid search order
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?dir=bar", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?dir=bar",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -138,7 +155,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users_with_media(10, 2)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -154,7 +173,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users_with_media(20, 2)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -170,7 +191,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users_with_media(20, 2)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5&limit=10", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5&limit=10",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -190,7 +213,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of results is the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=20", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=20",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -201,7 +226,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of max results is larger than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=21", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=21",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -212,7 +239,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does appear
         # Number of max results is smaller than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -223,7 +252,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Set `from` to value of `next_token` for request remaining entries
         # Check `next_token` does not appear
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -237,7 +268,11 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if users have no media created
         """
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -264,10 +299,14 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # order by user_id
         self._order_test("user_id", ["@user_a:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_c:test"])
         self._order_test(
-            "user_id", ["@user_a:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_c:test"], "f",
+            "user_id",
+            ["@user_a:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_c:test"],
+            "f",
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "user_id", ["@user_c:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_a:test"], "b",
+            "user_id",
+            ["@user_c:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_a:test"],
+            "b",
         )
 
         # order by displayname
@@ -275,32 +314,46 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             "displayname", ["@user_c:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_a:test"]
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "displayname", ["@user_c:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_a:test"], "f",
+            "displayname",
+            ["@user_c:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_a:test"],
+            "f",
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "displayname", ["@user_a:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_c:test"], "b",
+            "displayname",
+            ["@user_a:test", "@user_b:test", "@user_c:test"],
+            "b",
         )
 
         # order by media_length
         self._order_test(
-            "media_length", ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"],
+            "media_length",
+            ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"],
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "media_length", ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"], "f",
+            "media_length",
+            ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"],
+            "f",
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "media_length", ["@user_b:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_a:test"], "b",
+            "media_length",
+            ["@user_b:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_a:test"],
+            "b",
         )
 
         # order by media_count
         self._order_test(
-            "media_count", ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"],
+            "media_count",
+            ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"],
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "media_count", ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"], "f",
+            "media_count",
+            ["@user_a:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_b:test"],
+            "f",
         )
         self._order_test(
-            "media_count", ["@user_b:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_a:test"], "b",
+            "media_count",
+            ["@user_b:test", "@user_c:test", "@user_a:test"],
+            "b",
         )
 
     def test_from_until_ts(self):
@@ -313,14 +366,20 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         ts1 = self.clock.time_msec()
 
         # list all media when filter is not set
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["users"][0]["media_count"], 3)
 
         # filter media starting at `ts1` after creating first media
         # result is 0
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from_ts=%s" % (ts1,), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from_ts=%s" % (ts1,),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["total"], 0)
@@ -342,7 +401,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # filter media until `ts2` and earlier
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?until_ts=%s" % (ts2,), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?until_ts=%s" % (ts2,),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["users"][0]["media_count"], 6)
@@ -351,7 +412,11 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users_with_media(20, 1)
 
         # check without filter get all users
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["total"], 20)
 
@@ -376,7 +441,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # filter and get empty result
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?search_term=foobar", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?search_term=foobar",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["total"], 0)
@@ -441,7 +508,9 @@ class UserMediaStatisticsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if dir is not None and dir in ("b", "f"):
             url += "&dir=%s" % (dir,)
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            url.encode("ascii"),
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["total"], len(expected_user_list))
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py
index ee05ee60bc..ff75199c8e 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py
@@ -528,9 +528,14 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
                 search_field: Field which is to request: `name` or `user_id`
                 expected_http_code: The expected http code for the request
             """
-            url = self.url + "?%s=%s" % (search_field, search_term,)
+            url = self.url + "?%s=%s" % (
+                search_field,
+                search_term,
+            )
             channel = self.make_request(
-                "GET", url.encode("ascii"), access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+                "GET",
+                url.encode("ascii"),
+                access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
             )
             self.assertEqual(expected_http_code, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
 
@@ -590,7 +595,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # negative limit
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -598,7 +605,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # negative from
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -606,7 +615,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # invalid guests
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?guests=not_bool", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?guests=not_bool",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -614,7 +625,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # invalid deactivated
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?deactivated=not_bool", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?deactivated=not_bool",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -630,7 +643,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users(number_users - 1)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -649,7 +664,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users(number_users - 1)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -668,7 +685,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_users(number_users - 1)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5&limit=10", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5&limit=10",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -689,7 +708,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of results is the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=20", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=20",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -700,7 +721,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of max results is larger than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=21", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=21",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -711,7 +734,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does appear
         # Number of max results is smaller than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -723,7 +748,9 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Set `from` to value of `next_token` for request remaining entries
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -753,7 +780,10 @@ class UsersListTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         for i in range(1, number_users + 1):
             self.register_user(
-                "user%d" % i, "pass%d" % i, admin=False, displayname="Name %d" % i,
+                "user%d" % i,
+                "pass%d" % i,
+                admin=False,
+                displayname="Name %d" % i,
             )
 
 
@@ -808,7 +838,10 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual("You are not a server admin", channel.json_body["error"])
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", url, access_token=self.other_user_token, content=b"{}",
+            "POST",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
+            content=b"{}",
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -862,7 +895,9 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -886,7 +921,9 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -905,7 +942,9 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -929,7 +968,9 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -942,8 +983,7 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._is_erased("@user:test", False)
 
     def _is_erased(self, user_id: str, expect: bool) -> None:
-        """Assert that the user is erased or not
-        """
+        """Assert that the user is erased or not"""
         d = self.store.is_user_erased(user_id)
         if expect:
             self.assertTrue(self.get_success(d))
@@ -977,13 +1017,20 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v2/users/@bob:test"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual("You are not a server admin", channel.json_body["error"])
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "PUT", url, access_token=self.other_user_token, content=b"{}",
+            "PUT",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.other_user_token,
+            content=b"{}",
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1036,7 +1083,11 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual("mxc://fibble/wibble", channel.json_body["avatar_url"])
 
         # Get user
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual("@bob:test", channel.json_body["name"])
@@ -1081,7 +1132,11 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual("mxc://fibble/wibble", channel.json_body["avatar_url"])
 
         # Get user
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual("@bob:test", channel.json_body["name"])
@@ -1306,7 +1361,9 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1337,7 +1394,9 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1360,7 +1419,9 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1390,7 +1451,9 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1488,7 +1551,9 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1517,7 +1582,9 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_other_user, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_other_user,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1546,7 +1613,11 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual("bob", channel.json_body["displayname"])
 
         # Get user
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual("@bob:test", channel.json_body["name"])
@@ -1566,7 +1637,11 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
         # Check user is not deactivated
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual("@bob:test", channel.json_body["name"])
@@ -1576,8 +1651,7 @@ class UserRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["deactivated"])
 
     def _is_erased(self, user_id, expect):
-        """Assert that the user is erased or not
-        """
+        """Assert that the user is erased or not"""
         d = self.store.is_user_erased(user_id)
         if expect:
             self.assertTrue(self.get_success(d))
@@ -1617,7 +1691,11 @@ class UserMembershipRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -1627,7 +1705,11 @@ class UserMembershipRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Tests that a lookup for a user that does not exist returns an empty list
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@unknown_person:test/joined_rooms"
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1639,7 +1721,11 @@ class UserMembershipRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@unknown_person:unknown_domain/joined_rooms"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1651,7 +1737,11 @@ class UserMembershipRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if user has no memberships
         """
         # Get rooms
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1668,7 +1758,11 @@ class UserMembershipRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             self.helper.create_room_as(self.other_user, tok=other_user_tok)
 
         # Get rooms
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(number_rooms, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1711,7 +1805,11 @@ class UserMembershipRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Now get rooms
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@joiner:remote_hs/joined_rooms"
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1751,7 +1849,11 @@ class PushersRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -1761,7 +1863,11 @@ class PushersRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Tests that a lookup for a user that does not exist returns a 404
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@unknown_person:test/pushers"
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -1772,7 +1878,11 @@ class PushersRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@unknown_person:unknown_domain/pushers"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
@@ -1783,7 +1893,11 @@ class PushersRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         # Get pushers
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1810,7 +1924,11 @@ class PushersRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
         # Get pushers
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(1, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -1859,7 +1977,11 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -1869,7 +1991,11 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         Tests that a lookup for a user that does not exist returns a 404
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@unknown_person:test/media"
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(404, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(Codes.NOT_FOUND, channel.json_body["errcode"])
@@ -1880,7 +2006,11 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         url = "/_synapse/admin/v1/users/@unknown_person:unknown_domain/media"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only lookup local users", channel.json_body["error"])
@@ -1895,7 +2025,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_media(other_user_tok, number_media)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1914,7 +2046,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_media(other_user_tok, number_media)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1933,7 +2067,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self._create_media(other_user_tok, number_media)
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=5&limit=10", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=5&limit=10",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1948,7 +2084,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1960,7 +2098,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=-5", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=-5",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(400, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1978,7 +2118,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of results is the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=20", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=20",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -1989,7 +2131,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         # Number of max results is larger than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=21", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=21",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -2000,7 +2144,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         #  `next_token` does appear
         # Number of max results is smaller than the number of entries
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?limit=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?limit=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -2012,7 +2158,9 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Set `from` to value of `next_token` for request remaining entries
         #  `next_token` does not appear
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url + "?from=19", access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url + "?from=19",
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -2026,7 +2174,11 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if user has no media created
         """
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(0, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -2041,7 +2193,11 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         other_user_tok = self.login("user", "pass")
         self._create_media(other_user_tok, number_media)
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(number_media, channel.json_body["total"])
@@ -2068,8 +2224,7 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             )
 
     def _check_fields(self, content):
-        """Checks that all attributes are present in content
-        """
+        """Checks that all attributes are present in content"""
         for m in content:
             self.assertIn("media_id", m)
             self.assertIn("media_type", m)
@@ -2082,8 +2237,7 @@ class UserMediaRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
 
 class UserTokenRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
-    """Test for /_synapse/admin/v1/users/<user>/login
-    """
+    """Test for /_synapse/admin/v1/users/<user>/login"""
 
     servlets = [
         synapse.rest.admin.register_servlets,
@@ -2114,16 +2268,14 @@ class UserTokenRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         return channel.json_body["access_token"]
 
     def test_no_auth(self):
-        """Try to login as a user without authentication.
-        """
+        """Try to login as a user without authentication."""
         channel = self.make_request("POST", self.url, b"{}")
 
         self.assertEqual(401, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.MISSING_TOKEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
     def test_not_admin(self):
-        """Try to login as a user as a non-admin user.
-        """
+        """Try to login as a user as a non-admin user."""
         channel = self.make_request(
             "POST", self.url, b"{}", access_token=self.other_user_tok
         )
@@ -2131,8 +2283,7 @@ class UserTokenRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
 
     def test_send_event(self):
-        """Test that sending event as a user works.
-        """
+        """Test that sending event as a user works."""
         # Create a room.
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(self.other_user, tok=self.other_user_tok)
 
@@ -2146,8 +2297,7 @@ class UserTokenRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(event.sender, self.other_user)
 
     def test_devices(self):
-        """Tests that logging in as a user doesn't create a new device for them.
-        """
+        """Tests that logging in as a user doesn't create a new device for them."""
         # Login in as the user
         self._get_token()
 
@@ -2161,8 +2311,7 @@ class UserTokenRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(len(channel.json_body["devices"]), 1)
 
     def test_logout(self):
-        """Test that calling `/logout` with the token works.
-        """
+        """Test that calling `/logout` with the token works."""
         # Login in as the user
         puppet_token = self._get_token()
 
@@ -2252,8 +2401,7 @@ class UserTokenRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         }
     )
     def test_consent(self):
-        """Test that sending a message is not subject to the privacy policies.
-        """
+        """Test that sending a message is not subject to the privacy policies."""
         # Have the admin user accept the terms.
         self.get_success(self.store.user_set_consent_version(self.admin_user, "1.0"))
 
@@ -2328,11 +2476,19 @@ class WhoisRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.register_user("user2", "pass")
         other_user2_token = self.login("user2", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url1, access_token=other_user2_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url1,
+            access_token=other_user2_token,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url2, access_token=other_user2_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url2,
+            access_token=other_user2_token,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(403, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertEqual(Codes.FORBIDDEN, channel.json_body["errcode"])
 
@@ -2343,11 +2499,19 @@ class WhoisRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         url1 = "/_synapse/admin/v1/whois/@unknown_person:unknown_domain"
         url2 = "/_matrix/client/r0/admin/whois/@unknown_person:unknown_domain"
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url1, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url1,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only whois a local user", channel.json_body["error"])
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", url2, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            url2,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(400, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual("Can only whois a local user", channel.json_body["error"])
 
@@ -2355,12 +2519,20 @@ class WhoisRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         The lookup should succeed for an admin.
         """
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url1, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url1,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(self.other_user, channel.json_body["user_id"])
         self.assertIn("devices", channel.json_body)
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url2, access_token=self.admin_user_tok,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url2,
+            access_token=self.admin_user_tok,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(self.other_user, channel.json_body["user_id"])
         self.assertIn("devices", channel.json_body)
@@ -2371,12 +2543,20 @@ class WhoisRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         other_user_token = self.login("user", "pass")
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url1, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url1,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(self.other_user, channel.json_body["user_id"])
         self.assertIn("devices", channel.json_body)
 
-        channel = self.make_request("GET", self.url2, access_token=other_user_token,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "GET",
+            self.url2,
+            access_token=other_user_token,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, msg=channel.json_body)
         self.assertEqual(self.other_user, channel.json_body["user_id"])
         self.assertIn("devices", channel.json_body)
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/test_power_levels.py b/tests/rest/client/test_power_levels.py
index 913ea3c98e..5256c11fe6 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/test_power_levels.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/test_power_levels.py
@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@ class PowerLevelsTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Mod the mod
         room_power_levels = self.helper.get_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.power_levels", tok=self.admin_access_token,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.power_levels",
+            tok=self.admin_access_token,
         )
 
         # Update existing power levels with mod at PL50
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/test_redactions.py b/tests/rest/client/test_redactions.py
index f0707646bb..e0c74591b6 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/test_redactions.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/test_redactions.py
@@ -181,8 +181,7 @@ class RedactionsTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_redact_event_as_moderator_ratelimit(self):
-        """Tests that the correct ratelimiting is applied to redactions
-        """
+        """Tests that the correct ratelimiting is applied to redactions"""
 
         message_ids = []
         # as a regular user, send messages to redact
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/test_retention.py b/tests/rest/client/test_retention.py
index 31dc832fd5..aee99bb6a0 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/test_retention.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/test_retention.py
@@ -250,7 +250,8 @@ class RetentionNoDefaultPolicyTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         mock_federation_client = Mock(spec=["backfill"])
 
         self.hs = self.setup_test_homeserver(
-            config=config, federation_client=mock_federation_client,
+            config=config,
+            federation_client=mock_federation_client,
         )
         return self.hs
 
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/test_shadow_banned.py b/tests/rest/client/test_shadow_banned.py
index 0ebdf1415b..d2cce44032 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/test_shadow_banned.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/test_shadow_banned.py
@@ -260,7 +260,10 @@ class ProfileTestCase(_ShadowBannedBase):
         message_handler = self.hs.get_message_handler()
         event = self.get_success(
             message_handler.get_room_data(
-                self.banned_user_id, room_id, "m.room.member", self.banned_user_id,
+                self.banned_user_id,
+                room_id,
+                "m.room.member",
+                self.banned_user_id,
             )
         )
         self.assertEqual(
@@ -292,7 +295,10 @@ class ProfileTestCase(_ShadowBannedBase):
         message_handler = self.hs.get_message_handler()
         event = self.get_success(
             message_handler.get_room_data(
-                self.banned_user_id, room_id, "m.room.member", self.banned_user_id,
+                self.banned_user_id,
+                room_id,
+                "m.room.member",
+                self.banned_user_id,
             )
         )
         self.assertEqual(
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_events.py b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_events.py
index 0a5ca317ea..2ae896db1e 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_events.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_events.py
@@ -150,6 +150,8 @@ class GetEventsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         event_id = resp["event_id"]
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", "/events/" + event_id, access_token=self.token,
+            "GET",
+            "/events/" + event_id,
+            access_token=self.token,
         )
         self.assertEquals(channel.code, 200, msg=channel.result)
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_login.py b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_login.py
index 49543d9acb..fb29eaed6f 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_login.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_login.py
@@ -611,7 +611,9 @@ class MultiSSOTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # matrix access token, mxid, and device id.
         login_token = params[2][1]
         chan = self.make_request(
-            "POST", "/login", content={"type": "m.login.token", "token": login_token},
+            "POST",
+            "/login",
+            content={"type": "m.login.token", "token": login_token},
         )
         self.assertEqual(chan.code, 200, chan.result)
         self.assertEqual(chan.json_body["user_id"], "@user1:test")
@@ -619,7 +621,8 @@ class MultiSSOTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     def test_multi_sso_redirect_to_unknown(self):
         """An unknown IdP should cause a 400"""
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", "/_synapse/client/pick_idp?redirectUrl=http://x&idp=xyz",
+            "GET",
+            "/_synapse/client/pick_idp?redirectUrl=http://x&idp=xyz",
         )
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400, channel.result)
 
@@ -719,7 +722,8 @@ class CASTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         mocked_http_client.get_raw.side_effect = get_raw
 
         self.hs = self.setup_test_homeserver(
-            config=config, proxied_http_client=mocked_http_client,
+            config=config,
+            proxied_http_client=mocked_http_client,
         )
 
         return self.hs
@@ -1244,7 +1248,9 @@ class UsernamePickerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # looks ok.
         username_mapping_sessions = self.hs.get_sso_handler()._username_mapping_sessions
         self.assertIn(
-            session_id, username_mapping_sessions, "session id not found in map",
+            session_id,
+            username_mapping_sessions,
+            "session id not found in map",
         )
         session = username_mapping_sessions[session_id]
         self.assertEqual(session.remote_user_id, "tester")
@@ -1299,7 +1305,9 @@ class UsernamePickerTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # finally, submit the matrix login token to the login API, which gives us our
         # matrix access token, mxid, and device id.
         chan = self.make_request(
-            "POST", "/login", content={"type": "m.login.token", "token": login_token},
+            "POST",
+            "/login",
+            content={"type": "m.login.token", "token": login_token},
         )
         self.assertEqual(chan.code, 200, chan.result)
         self.assertEqual(chan.json_body["user_id"], "@bobby:test")
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_rooms.py b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_rooms.py
index 2548b3a80c..ed65f645fc 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_rooms.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_rooms.py
@@ -46,7 +46,9 @@ class RoomBase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     def make_homeserver(self, reactor, clock):
 
         self.hs = self.setup_test_homeserver(
-            "red", federation_http_client=None, federation_client=Mock(),
+            "red",
+            federation_http_client=None,
+            federation_client=Mock(),
         )
 
         self.hs.get_federation_handler = Mock()
@@ -1480,7 +1482,9 @@ class LabelsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         results = channel.json_body["search_categories"]["room_events"]["results"]
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            len(results), 2, [result["result"]["content"] for result in results],
+            len(results),
+            2,
+            [result["result"]["content"] for result in results],
         )
         self.assertEqual(
             results[0]["result"]["content"]["body"],
@@ -1515,7 +1519,9 @@ class LabelsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         results = channel.json_body["search_categories"]["room_events"]["results"]
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            len(results), 4, [result["result"]["content"] for result in results],
+            len(results),
+            4,
+            [result["result"]["content"] for result in results],
         )
         self.assertEqual(
             results[0]["result"]["content"]["body"],
@@ -1562,7 +1568,9 @@ class LabelsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         results = channel.json_body["search_categories"]["room_events"]["results"]
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            len(results), 1, [result["result"]["content"] for result in results],
+            len(results),
+            1,
+            [result["result"]["content"] for result in results],
         )
         self.assertEqual(
             results[0]["result"]["content"]["body"],
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_typing.py b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_typing.py
index f6f3b9a356..329dbd06de 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v1/test_typing.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v1/test_typing.py
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ class RoomTypingTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     def make_homeserver(self, reactor, clock):
 
         hs = self.setup_test_homeserver(
-            "red", federation_http_client=None, federation_client=Mock(),
+            "red",
+            federation_http_client=None,
+            federation_client=Mock(),
         )
 
         self.event_source = hs.get_event_sources().sources["typing"]
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v1/utils.py b/tests/rest/client/v1/utils.py
index b1333df82d..8231a423f3 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v1/utils.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v1/utils.py
@@ -166,9 +166,12 @@ class RestHelper:
             json.dumps(data).encode("utf8"),
         )
 
-        assert int(channel.result["code"]) == expect_code, (
-            "Expected: %d, got: %d, resp: %r"
-            % (expect_code, int(channel.result["code"]), channel.result["body"])
+        assert (
+            int(channel.result["code"]) == expect_code
+        ), "Expected: %d, got: %d, resp: %r" % (
+            expect_code,
+            int(channel.result["code"]),
+            channel.result["body"],
         )
 
         self.auth_user_id = temp_id
@@ -201,9 +204,12 @@ class RestHelper:
             json.dumps(content).encode("utf8"),
         )
 
-        assert int(channel.result["code"]) == expect_code, (
-            "Expected: %d, got: %d, resp: %r"
-            % (expect_code, int(channel.result["code"]), channel.result["body"])
+        assert (
+            int(channel.result["code"]) == expect_code
+        ), "Expected: %d, got: %d, resp: %r" % (
+            expect_code,
+            int(channel.result["code"]),
+            channel.result["body"],
         )
 
         return channel.json_body
@@ -251,9 +257,12 @@ class RestHelper:
 
         channel = make_request(self.hs.get_reactor(), self.site, method, path, content)
 
-        assert int(channel.result["code"]) == expect_code, (
-            "Expected: %d, got: %d, resp: %r"
-            % (expect_code, int(channel.result["code"]), channel.result["body"])
+        assert (
+            int(channel.result["code"]) == expect_code
+        ), "Expected: %d, got: %d, resp: %r" % (
+            expect_code,
+            int(channel.result["code"]),
+            channel.result["body"],
         )
 
         return channel.json_body
@@ -447,7 +456,10 @@ class RestHelper:
         return self.complete_oidc_auth(oauth_uri, cookies, user_info_dict)
 
     def complete_oidc_auth(
-        self, oauth_uri: str, cookies: Mapping[str, str], user_info_dict: JsonDict,
+        self,
+        oauth_uri: str,
+        cookies: Mapping[str, str],
+        user_info_dict: JsonDict,
     ) -> FakeChannel:
         """Mock out an OIDC authentication flow
 
@@ -491,7 +503,9 @@ class RestHelper:
             (expected_uri, resp_obj) = expected_requests.pop(0)
             assert uri == expected_uri
             resp = FakeResponse(
-                code=200, phrase=b"OK", body=json.dumps(resp_obj).encode("utf-8"),
+                code=200,
+                phrase=b"OK",
+                body=json.dumps(resp_obj).encode("utf-8"),
             )
             return resp
 
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_account.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_account.py
index 177dc476da..e72b61963d 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_account.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_account.py
@@ -75,8 +75,7 @@ class PasswordResetTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.submit_token_resource = PasswordResetSubmitTokenResource(hs)
 
     def test_basic_password_reset(self):
-        """Test basic password reset flow
-        """
+        """Test basic password reset flow"""
         old_password = "monkey"
         new_password = "kangeroo"
 
@@ -114,8 +113,7 @@ class PasswordResetTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
     @override_config({"rc_3pid_validation": {"burst_count": 3}})
     def test_ratelimit_by_email(self):
-        """Test that we ratelimit /requestToken for the same email.
-        """
+        """Test that we ratelimit /requestToken for the same email."""
         old_password = "monkey"
         new_password = "kangeroo"
 
@@ -203,8 +201,7 @@ class PasswordResetTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.attempt_wrong_password_login("kermit", old_password)
 
     def test_cant_reset_password_without_clicking_link(self):
-        """Test that we do actually need to click the link in the email
-        """
+        """Test that we do actually need to click the link in the email"""
         old_password = "monkey"
         new_password = "kangeroo"
 
@@ -299,7 +296,9 @@ class PasswordResetTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         if channel.code != 200:
             raise HttpResponseException(
-                channel.code, channel.result["reason"], channel.result["body"],
+                channel.code,
+                channel.result["reason"],
+                channel.result["body"],
             )
 
         return channel.json_body["sid"]
@@ -566,8 +565,7 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
     @override_config({"rc_3pid_validation": {"burst_count": 3}})
     def test_ratelimit_by_ip(self):
-        """Tests that adding emails is ratelimited by IP
-        """
+        """Tests that adding emails is ratelimited by IP"""
 
         # We expect to be able to set three emails before getting ratelimited.
         self.get_success(self._add_email("foo1@test.bar", "foo1@test.bar"))
@@ -580,8 +578,7 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(cm.exception.code, 429)
 
     def test_add_email_if_disabled(self):
-        """Test adding email to profile when doing so is disallowed
-        """
+        """Test adding email to profile when doing so is disallowed"""
         self.hs.config.enable_3pid_changes = False
 
         client_secret = "foobar"
@@ -611,15 +608,16 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_3pid, access_token=self.user_id_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_3pid,
+            access_token=self.user_id_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertFalse(channel.json_body["threepids"])
 
     def test_delete_email(self):
-        """Test deleting an email from profile
-        """
+        """Test deleting an email from profile"""
         # Add a threepid
         self.get_success(
             self.store.user_add_threepid(
@@ -641,15 +639,16 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_3pid, access_token=self.user_id_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_3pid,
+            access_token=self.user_id_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
         self.assertFalse(channel.json_body["threepids"])
 
     def test_delete_email_if_disabled(self):
-        """Test deleting an email from profile when disallowed
-        """
+        """Test deleting an email from profile when disallowed"""
         self.hs.config.enable_3pid_changes = False
 
         # Add a threepid
@@ -675,7 +674,9 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_3pid, access_token=self.user_id_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_3pid,
+            access_token=self.user_id_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -683,8 +684,7 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(self.email, channel.json_body["threepids"][0]["address"])
 
     def test_cant_add_email_without_clicking_link(self):
-        """Test that we do actually need to click the link in the email
-        """
+        """Test that we do actually need to click the link in the email"""
         client_secret = "foobar"
         session_id = self._request_token(self.email, client_secret)
 
@@ -710,7 +710,9 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_3pid, access_token=self.user_id_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_3pid,
+            access_token=self.user_id_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -743,7 +745,9 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_3pid, access_token=self.user_id_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_3pid,
+            access_token=self.user_id_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
@@ -788,7 +792,10 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Ensure not providing a next_link parameter still works
         self._request_token(
-            "something@example.com", "some_secret", next_link=None, expect_code=200,
+            "something@example.com",
+            "some_secret",
+            next_link=None,
+            expect_code=200,
         )
 
         self._request_token(
@@ -846,17 +853,27 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         if next_link:
             body["next_link"] = next_link
 
-        channel = self.make_request("POST", b"account/3pid/email/requestToken", body,)
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            b"account/3pid/email/requestToken",
+            body,
+        )
 
         if channel.code != expect_code:
             raise HttpResponseException(
-                channel.code, channel.result["reason"], channel.result["body"],
+                channel.code,
+                channel.result["reason"],
+                channel.result["body"],
             )
 
         return channel.json_body.get("sid")
 
     def _request_token_invalid_email(
-        self, email, expected_errcode, expected_error, client_secret="foobar",
+        self,
+        email,
+        expected_errcode,
+        expected_error,
+        client_secret="foobar",
     ):
         channel = self.make_request(
             "POST",
@@ -895,8 +912,7 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         return match.group(0)
 
     def _add_email(self, request_email, expected_email):
-        """Test adding an email to profile
-        """
+        """Test adding an email to profile"""
         previous_email_attempts = len(self.email_attempts)
 
         client_secret = "foobar"
@@ -926,7 +942,9 @@ class ThreepidEmailRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Get user
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url_3pid, access_token=self.user_id_tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url_3pid,
+            access_token=self.user_id_tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(200, int(channel.result["code"]), msg=channel.result["body"])
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_auth.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_auth.py
index 3f50c56745..501f09203f 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_auth.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_auth.py
@@ -102,7 +102,8 @@ class FallbackAuthTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """Ensure that fallback auth via a captcha works."""
         # Returns a 401 as per the spec
         channel = self.register(
-            401, {"username": "user", "type": "m.login.password", "password": "bar"},
+            401,
+            {"username": "user", "type": "m.login.password", "password": "bar"},
         )
 
         # Grab the session
@@ -191,7 +192,10 @@ class UIAuthTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     ) -> FakeChannel:
         """Delete an individual device."""
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "DELETE", "devices/" + device, body, access_token=access_token,
+            "DELETE",
+            "devices/" + device,
+            body,
+            access_token=access_token,
         )
 
         # Ensure the response is sane.
@@ -204,7 +208,10 @@ class UIAuthTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Note that this uses the delete_devices endpoint so that we can modify
         # the payload half-way through some tests.
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", "delete_devices", body, access_token=self.user_tok,
+            "POST",
+            "delete_devices",
+            body,
+            access_token=self.user_tok,
         )
 
         # Ensure the response is sane.
@@ -417,7 +424,10 @@ class UIAuthTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # and now the delete request should succeed.
         self.delete_device(
-            self.user_tok, self.device_id, 200, body={"auth": {"session": session_id}},
+            self.user_tok,
+            self.device_id,
+            200,
+            body={"auth": {"session": session_id}},
         )
 
     @skip_unless(HAS_OIDC, "requires OIDC")
@@ -443,8 +453,7 @@ class UIAuthTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     @skip_unless(HAS_OIDC, "requires OIDC")
     @override_config({"oidc_config": TEST_OIDC_CONFIG})
     def test_offers_both_flows_for_upgraded_user(self):
-        """A user that had a password and then logged in with SSO should get both flows
-        """
+        """A user that had a password and then logged in with SSO should get both flows"""
         login_resp = self.helper.login_via_oidc(UserID.from_string(self.user).localpart)
         self.assertEqual(login_resp["user_id"], self.user)
 
@@ -459,8 +468,7 @@ class UIAuthTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     @skip_unless(HAS_OIDC, "requires OIDC")
     @override_config({"oidc_config": TEST_OIDC_CONFIG})
     def test_ui_auth_fails_for_incorrect_sso_user(self):
-        """If the user tries to authenticate with the wrong SSO user, they get an error
-        """
+        """If the user tries to authenticate with the wrong SSO user, they get an error"""
         # log the user in
         login_resp = self.helper.login_via_oidc(UserID.from_string(self.user).localpart)
         self.assertEqual(login_resp["user_id"], self.user)
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_password_policy.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_password_policy.py
index fba34def30..5ebc5707a5 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_password_policy.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_password_policy.py
@@ -91,7 +91,9 @@ class PasswordPolicyTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400, channel.result)
         self.assertEqual(
-            channel.json_body["errcode"], Codes.PASSWORD_TOO_SHORT, channel.result,
+            channel.json_body["errcode"],
+            Codes.PASSWORD_TOO_SHORT,
+            channel.result,
         )
 
     def test_password_no_digit(self):
@@ -100,7 +102,9 @@ class PasswordPolicyTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400, channel.result)
         self.assertEqual(
-            channel.json_body["errcode"], Codes.PASSWORD_NO_DIGIT, channel.result,
+            channel.json_body["errcode"],
+            Codes.PASSWORD_NO_DIGIT,
+            channel.result,
         )
 
     def test_password_no_symbol(self):
@@ -109,7 +113,9 @@ class PasswordPolicyTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400, channel.result)
         self.assertEqual(
-            channel.json_body["errcode"], Codes.PASSWORD_NO_SYMBOL, channel.result,
+            channel.json_body["errcode"],
+            Codes.PASSWORD_NO_SYMBOL,
+            channel.result,
         )
 
     def test_password_no_uppercase(self):
@@ -118,7 +124,9 @@ class PasswordPolicyTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400, channel.result)
         self.assertEqual(
-            channel.json_body["errcode"], Codes.PASSWORD_NO_UPPERCASE, channel.result,
+            channel.json_body["errcode"],
+            Codes.PASSWORD_NO_UPPERCASE,
+            channel.result,
         )
 
     def test_password_no_lowercase(self):
@@ -127,7 +135,9 @@ class PasswordPolicyTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400, channel.result)
         self.assertEqual(
-            channel.json_body["errcode"], Codes.PASSWORD_NO_LOWERCASE, channel.result,
+            channel.json_body["errcode"],
+            Codes.PASSWORD_NO_LOWERCASE,
+            channel.result,
         )
 
     def test_password_compliant(self):
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_relations.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_relations.py
index bd574077e7..7c457754f1 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_relations.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_relations.py
@@ -83,14 +83,12 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_deny_membership(self):
-        """Test that we deny relations on membership events
-        """
+        """Test that we deny relations on membership events"""
         channel = self._send_relation(RelationTypes.ANNOTATION, EventTypes.Member)
         self.assertEquals(400, channel.code, channel.json_body)
 
     def test_deny_double_react(self):
-        """Test that we deny relations on membership events
-        """
+        """Test that we deny relations on membership events"""
         channel = self._send_relation(RelationTypes.ANNOTATION, "m.reaction", key="a")
         self.assertEquals(200, channel.code, channel.json_body)
 
@@ -98,8 +96,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEquals(400, channel.code, channel.json_body)
 
     def test_basic_paginate_relations(self):
-        """Tests that calling pagination API correctly the latest relations.
-        """
+        """Tests that calling pagination API correctly the latest relations."""
         channel = self._send_relation(RelationTypes.ANNOTATION, "m.reaction")
         self.assertEquals(200, channel.code, channel.json_body)
 
@@ -174,8 +171,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEquals(found_event_ids, expected_event_ids)
 
     def test_aggregation_pagination_groups(self):
-        """Test that we can paginate annotation groups correctly.
-        """
+        """Test that we can paginate annotation groups correctly."""
 
         # We need to create ten separate users to send each reaction.
         access_tokens = [self.user_token, self.user2_token]
@@ -240,8 +236,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEquals(sent_groups, found_groups)
 
     def test_aggregation_pagination_within_group(self):
-        """Test that we can paginate within an annotation group.
-        """
+        """Test that we can paginate within an annotation group."""
 
         # We need to create ten separate users to send each reaction.
         access_tokens = [self.user_token, self.user2_token]
@@ -311,8 +306,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEquals(found_event_ids, expected_event_ids)
 
     def test_aggregation(self):
-        """Test that annotations get correctly aggregated.
-        """
+        """Test that annotations get correctly aggregated."""
 
         channel = self._send_relation(RelationTypes.ANNOTATION, "m.reaction", "a")
         self.assertEquals(200, channel.code, channel.json_body)
@@ -344,8 +338,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_aggregation_redactions(self):
-        """Test that annotations get correctly aggregated after a redaction.
-        """
+        """Test that annotations get correctly aggregated after a redaction."""
 
         channel = self._send_relation(RelationTypes.ANNOTATION, "m.reaction", "a")
         self.assertEquals(200, channel.code, channel.json_body)
@@ -379,8 +372,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_aggregation_must_be_annotation(self):
-        """Test that aggregations must be annotations.
-        """
+        """Test that aggregations must be annotations."""
 
         channel = self.make_request(
             "GET",
@@ -437,8 +429,7 @@ class RelationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_edit(self):
-        """Test that a simple edit works.
-        """
+        """Test that a simple edit works."""
 
         new_body = {"msgtype": "m.text", "body": "I've been edited!"}
         channel = self._send_relation(
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_sync.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_sync.py
index 512e36c236..2dbf42397a 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_sync.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_sync.py
@@ -388,13 +388,19 @@ class UnreadMessagesTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Check that room name changes increase the unread counter.
         self.helper.send_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.name", {"name": "my super room"}, tok=self.tok2,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.name",
+            {"name": "my super room"},
+            tok=self.tok2,
         )
         self._check_unread_count(1)
 
         # Check that room topic changes increase the unread counter.
         self.helper.send_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.topic", {"topic": "welcome!!!"}, tok=self.tok2,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.topic",
+            {"topic": "welcome!!!"},
+            tok=self.tok2,
         )
         self._check_unread_count(2)
 
@@ -404,7 +410,10 @@ class UnreadMessagesTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Check that custom events with a body increase the unread counter.
         self.helper.send_event(
-            self.room_id, "org.matrix.custom_type", {"body": "hello"}, tok=self.tok2,
+            self.room_id,
+            "org.matrix.custom_type",
+            {"body": "hello"},
+            tok=self.tok2,
         )
         self._check_unread_count(4)
 
@@ -443,14 +452,18 @@ class UnreadMessagesTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         """Syncs and compares the unread count with the expected value."""
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "GET", self.url % self.next_batch, access_token=self.tok,
+            "GET",
+            self.url % self.next_batch,
+            access_token=self.tok,
         )
 
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200, channel.json_body)
 
         room_entry = channel.json_body["rooms"]["join"][self.room_id]
         self.assertEqual(
-            room_entry["org.matrix.msc2654.unread_count"], expected_count, room_entry,
+            room_entry["org.matrix.msc2654.unread_count"],
+            expected_count,
+            room_entry,
         )
 
         # Store the next batch for the next request.
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_upgrade_room.py b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_upgrade_room.py
index 7c22293d6d..d890d11863 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_upgrade_room.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/v2_alpha/test_upgrade_room.py
@@ -85,7 +85,9 @@ class UpgradeRoomTest(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Increase the power levels so that this user can upgrade.
         power_levels = self.helper.get_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.power_levels", tok=self.creator_token,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.power_levels",
+            tok=self.creator_token,
         )
         power_levels["users"][self.other] = 100
         self.helper.send_state(
@@ -109,7 +111,9 @@ class UpgradeRoomTest(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Increase the power levels so that this user can upgrade.
         power_levels = self.helper.get_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.power_levels", tok=self.creator_token,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.power_levels",
+            tok=self.creator_token,
         )
         power_levels["users_default"] = 100
         self.helper.send_state(
@@ -133,7 +137,9 @@ class UpgradeRoomTest(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # Increase the power levels so that this user can upgrade.
         power_levels = self.helper.get_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.power_levels", tok=self.creator_token,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.power_levels",
+            tok=self.creator_token,
         )
         power_levels["events"]["m.room.tombstone"] = 0
         self.helper.send_state(
@@ -148,6 +154,8 @@ class UpgradeRoomTest(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEquals(200, channel.code, channel.result)
 
         power_levels = self.helper.get_state(
-            self.room_id, "m.room.power_levels", tok=self.creator_token,
+            self.room_id,
+            "m.room.power_levels",
+            tok=self.creator_token,
         )
         self.assertNotIn(self.other, power_levels["users"])
diff --git a/tests/rest/key/v2/test_remote_key_resource.py b/tests/rest/key/v2/test_remote_key_resource.py
index 5e90d656f7..9d0d0ef414 100644
--- a/tests/rest/key/v2/test_remote_key_resource.py
+++ b/tests/rest/key/v2/test_remote_key_resource.py
@@ -180,7 +180,8 @@ class EndToEndPerspectivesTests(BaseRemoteKeyResourceTestCase):
         async def post_json(destination, path, data):
             self.assertEqual(destination, self.hs.hostname)
             self.assertEqual(
-                path, "/_matrix/key/v2/query",
+                path,
+                "/_matrix/key/v2/query",
             )
 
             channel = FakeChannel(self.site, self.reactor)
@@ -188,7 +189,9 @@ class EndToEndPerspectivesTests(BaseRemoteKeyResourceTestCase):
             req.content = BytesIO(encode_canonical_json(data))
 
             req.requestReceived(
-                b"POST", path.encode("utf-8"), b"1.1",
+                b"POST",
+                path.encode("utf-8"),
+                b"1.1",
             )
             channel.await_result()
             self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
diff --git a/tests/rest/media/v1/test_media_storage.py b/tests/rest/media/v1/test_media_storage.py
index c279eb49e3..0789b12392 100644
--- a/tests/rest/media/v1/test_media_storage.py
+++ b/tests/rest/media/v1/test_media_storage.py
@@ -167,7 +167,16 @@ class _TestImage:
             ),
         ),
         # an empty file
-        (_TestImage(b"", b"image/gif", b".gif", None, None, False,),),
+        (
+            _TestImage(
+                b"",
+                b"image/gif",
+                b".gif",
+                None,
+                None,
+                False,
+            ),
+        ),
     ],
 )
 class MediaRepoTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
@@ -469,8 +478,7 @@ class SpamCheckerTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         return config
 
     def test_upload_innocent(self):
-        """Attempt to upload some innocent data that should be allowed.
-        """
+        """Attempt to upload some innocent data that should be allowed."""
 
         image_data = unhexlify(
             b"89504e470d0a1a0a0000000d4948445200000001000000010806"
diff --git a/tests/server.py b/tests/server.py
index 6419c445ec..d4ece5c448 100644
--- a/tests/server.py
+++ b/tests/server.py
@@ -347,8 +347,7 @@ class ThreadedMemoryReactorClock(MemoryReactorClock):
         self._tcp_callbacks[(host, port)] = callback
 
     def connectTCP(self, host, port, factory, timeout=30, bindAddress=None):
-        """Fake L{IReactorTCP.connectTCP}.
-        """
+        """Fake L{IReactorTCP.connectTCP}."""
 
         conn = super().connectTCP(
             host, port, factory, timeout=timeout, bindAddress=None
diff --git a/tests/server_notices/test_resource_limits_server_notices.py b/tests/server_notices/test_resource_limits_server_notices.py
index fea54464af..d40d65b06a 100644
--- a/tests/server_notices/test_resource_limits_server_notices.py
+++ b/tests/server_notices/test_resource_limits_server_notices.py
@@ -353,7 +353,11 @@ class TestResourceLimitsServerNoticesWithRealRooms(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             tok = self.login(localpart, "password")
 
             # Sync with the user's token to mark the user as active.
-            channel = self.make_request("GET", "/sync?timeout=0", access_token=tok,)
+            channel = self.make_request(
+                "GET",
+                "/sync?timeout=0",
+                access_token=tok,
+            )
 
             # Also retrieves the list of invites for this user. We don't care about that
             # one except if we're processing the last user, which should have received an
diff --git a/tests/state/test_v2.py b/tests/state/test_v2.py
index 77c72834f2..66e3cafe8e 100644
--- a/tests/state/test_v2.py
+++ b/tests/state/test_v2.py
@@ -382,8 +382,7 @@ class StateTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.do_check(events, edges, expected_state_ids)
 
     def test_mainline_sort(self):
-        """Tests that the mainline ordering works correctly.
-        """
+        """Tests that the mainline ordering works correctly."""
 
         events = [
             FakeEvent(
@@ -660,15 +659,27 @@ class AuthChainDifferenceTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         #           C -|-> B -> A
 
         a = FakeEvent(
-            id="A", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="A",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([], [])
 
         b = FakeEvent(
-            id="B", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="B",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([a.event_id], [])
 
         c = FakeEvent(
-            id="C", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="C",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([b.event_id], [])
 
         persisted_events = {a.event_id: a, b.event_id: b}
@@ -694,19 +705,35 @@ class AuthChainDifferenceTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         #      D -> C -|-> B -> A
 
         a = FakeEvent(
-            id="A", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="A",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([], [])
 
         b = FakeEvent(
-            id="B", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="B",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([a.event_id], [])
 
         c = FakeEvent(
-            id="C", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="C",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([b.event_id], [])
 
         d = FakeEvent(
-            id="D", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="D",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([c.event_id], [])
 
         persisted_events = {a.event_id: a, b.event_id: b}
@@ -737,23 +764,43 @@ class AuthChainDifferenceTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         #              |
 
         a = FakeEvent(
-            id="A", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="A",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([], [])
 
         b = FakeEvent(
-            id="B", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="B",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([a.event_id], [])
 
         c = FakeEvent(
-            id="C", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="C",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([b.event_id], [])
 
         d = FakeEvent(
-            id="D", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="D",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([c.event_id], [])
 
         e = FakeEvent(
-            id="E", sender=ALICE, type=EventTypes.Member, state_key="", content={},
+            id="E",
+            sender=ALICE,
+            type=EventTypes.Member,
+            state_key="",
+            content={},
         ).to_event([c.event_id, b.event_id], [])
 
         persisted_events = {a.event_id: a, b.event_id: b}
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_account_data.py b/tests/storage/test_account_data.py
index 673e1fe3e3..38444e48e2 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_account_data.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_account_data.py
@@ -96,7 +96,9 @@ class IgnoredUsersTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # No ignored_users key.
         self.get_success(
             self.store.add_account_data_for_user(
-                self.user, AccountDataTypes.IGNORED_USER_LIST, {},
+                self.user,
+                AccountDataTypes.IGNORED_USER_LIST,
+                {},
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_background_update.py b/tests/storage/test_background_update.py
index 02aae1c13d..1b4fae0bb5 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_background_update.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_background_update.py
@@ -67,7 +67,9 @@ class BackgroundUpdateTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         async def update(progress, count):
             self.assertEqual(progress, {"my_key": 2})
             self.assertAlmostEqual(
-                count, target_background_update_duration_ms / duration_ms, places=0,
+                count,
+                target_background_update_duration_ms / duration_ms,
+                places=0,
             )
             await self.updates._end_background_update("test_update")
             return count
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_cleanup_extrems.py b/tests/storage/test_cleanup_extrems.py
index c13a57dad1..7791138688 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_cleanup_extrems.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_cleanup_extrems.py
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ class CleanupExtremBackgroundUpdateStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.room_id = info["room_id"]
 
     def run_background_update(self):
-        """Re run the background update to clean up the extremities.
-        """
+        """Re run the background update to clean up the extremities."""
         # Make sure we don't clash with in progress updates.
         self.assertTrue(
             self.store.db_pool.updates._all_done, "Background updates are still ongoing"
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_client_ips.py b/tests/storage/test_client_ips.py
index a69117c5a9..34e6526097 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_client_ips.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_client_ips.py
@@ -41,7 +41,13 @@ class ClientIpStoreTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         device_id = "MY_DEVICE"
 
         # Insert a user IP
-        self.get_success(self.store.store_device(user_id, device_id, "display name",))
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.store_device(
+                user_id,
+                device_id,
+                "display name",
+            )
+        )
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_client_ip(
                 user_id, "access_token", "ip", "user_agent", device_id
@@ -214,7 +220,13 @@ class ClientIpStoreTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         device_id = "MY_DEVICE"
 
         # Insert a user IP
-        self.get_success(self.store.store_device(user_id, device_id, "display name",))
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.store_device(
+                user_id,
+                device_id,
+                "display name",
+            )
+        )
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_client_ip(
                 user_id, "access_token", "ip", "user_agent", device_id
@@ -303,7 +315,13 @@ class ClientIpStoreTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         device_id = "MY_DEVICE"
 
         # Insert a user IP
-        self.get_success(self.store.store_device(user_id, device_id, "display name",))
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.store_device(
+                user_id,
+                device_id,
+                "display name",
+            )
+        )
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_client_ip(
                 user_id, "access_token", "ip", "user_agent", device_id
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_event_chain.py b/tests/storage/test_event_chain.py
index 0c46ad595b..16daa66cc9 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_event_chain.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_event_chain.py
@@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ class EventChainStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
                     "content": {"tag": "power"},
                 },
             ).build(
-                prev_event_ids=[], auth_event_ids=[create.event_id, bob_join.event_id],
+                prev_event_ids=[],
+                auth_event_ids=[create.event_id, bob_join.event_id],
             )
         )
 
@@ -226,7 +227,8 @@ class EventChainStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
             self.assertFalse(
                 link_map.exists_path_from(
-                    chain_map[create.event_id], chain_map[event.event_id],
+                    chain_map[create.event_id],
+                    chain_map[event.event_id],
                 ),
             )
 
@@ -287,7 +289,8 @@ class EventChainStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
                     "content": {"tag": "power"},
                 },
             ).build(
-                prev_event_ids=[], auth_event_ids=[create.event_id, bob_join.event_id],
+                prev_event_ids=[],
+                auth_event_ids=[create.event_id, bob_join.event_id],
             )
         )
 
@@ -373,7 +376,8 @@ class EventChainStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
             )
 
     def persist(
-        self, events: List[EventBase],
+        self,
+        events: List[EventBase],
     ):
         """Persist the given events and check that the links generated match
         those given.
@@ -394,7 +398,10 @@ class EventChainStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
             persist_events_store._persist_event_auth_chain_txn(txn, events)
 
         self.get_success(
-            persist_events_store.db_pool.runInteraction("_persist", _persist,)
+            persist_events_store.db_pool.runInteraction(
+                "_persist",
+                _persist,
+            )
         )
 
     def fetch_chains(
@@ -447,8 +454,7 @@ class EventChainStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
 class LinkMapTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_simple(self):
-        """Basic tests for the LinkMap.
-        """
+        """Basic tests for the LinkMap."""
         link_map = _LinkMap()
 
         link_map.add_link((1, 1), (2, 1), new=False)
@@ -490,8 +496,7 @@ class EventChainBackgroundUpdateTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.requester = create_requester(self.user_id)
 
     def _generate_room(self) -> Tuple[str, List[Set[str]]]:
-        """Insert a room without a chain cover index.
-        """
+        """Insert a room without a chain cover index."""
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(self.user_id, tok=self.token)
 
         # Mark the room as not having a chain cover index
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py b/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py
index 9d04a066d8..06000f81a6 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py
@@ -215,7 +215,12 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
                 ],
             )
 
-        self.get_success(self.store.db_pool.runInteraction("insert", insert_event,))
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.db_pool.runInteraction(
+                "insert",
+                insert_event,
+            )
+        )
 
         # Now actually test that various combinations give the right result:
 
@@ -370,7 +375,8 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             )
 
             self.hs.datastores.persist_events._persist_event_auth_chain_txn(
-                txn, [FakeEvent("b", room_id, auth_graph["b"])],
+                txn,
+                [FakeEvent("b", room_id, auth_graph["b"])],
             )
 
             self.store.db_pool.simple_update_txn(
@@ -380,7 +386,12 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
                 updatevalues={"has_auth_chain_index": True},
             )
 
-        self.get_success(self.store.db_pool.runInteraction("insert", insert_event,))
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.db_pool.runInteraction(
+                "insert",
+                insert_event,
+            )
+        )
 
         # Now actually test that various combinations give the right result:
 
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py b/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
index c0595963dd..485f1ee033 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
@@ -84,7 +84,9 @@ class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
 
             yield defer.ensureDeferred(
                 self.store.add_push_actions_to_staging(
-                    event.event_id, {user_id: action}, False,
+                    event.event_id,
+                    {user_id: action},
+                    False,
                 )
             )
             yield defer.ensureDeferred(
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_events.py b/tests/storage/test_events.py
index 71210ce606..ed898b8dbb 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_events.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_events.py
@@ -68,16 +68,14 @@ class ExtremPruneTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assert_extremities([self.remote_event_1.event_id])
 
     def persist_event(self, event, state=None):
-        """Persist the event, with optional state
-        """
+        """Persist the event, with optional state"""
         context = self.get_success(
             self.state.compute_event_context(event, old_state=state)
         )
         self.get_success(self.persistence.persist_event(event, context))
 
     def assert_extremities(self, expected_extremities):
-        """Assert the current extremities for the room
-        """
+        """Assert the current extremities for the room"""
         extremities = self.get_success(
             self.store.get_prev_events_for_room(self.room_id)
         )
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_id_generators.py b/tests/storage/test_id_generators.py
index 3e2fd4da01..aad6bc907e 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_id_generators.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_id_generators.py
@@ -86,7 +86,11 @@ class MultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         def _insert(txn):
             txn.execute(
-                "INSERT INTO foobar VALUES (?, ?)", (stream_id, instance_name,),
+                "INSERT INTO foobar VALUES (?, ?)",
+                (
+                    stream_id,
+                    instance_name,
+                ),
             )
             txn.execute("SELECT setval('foobar_seq', ?)", (stream_id,))
             txn.execute(
@@ -138,8 +142,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(id_gen.get_current_token_for_writer("master"), 8)
 
     def test_out_of_order_finish(self):
-        """Test that IDs persisted out of order are correctly handled
-        """
+        """Test that IDs persisted out of order are correctly handled"""
 
         # Prefill table with 7 rows written by 'master'
         self._insert_rows("master", 7)
@@ -246,8 +249,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(second_id_gen.get_positions(), {"first": 8, "second": 9})
 
     def test_get_next_txn(self):
-        """Test that the `get_next_txn` function works correctly.
-        """
+        """Test that the `get_next_txn` function works correctly."""
 
         # Prefill table with 7 rows written by 'master'
         self._insert_rows("master", 7)
@@ -386,8 +388,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(id_gen_worker.get_positions(), {"master": 9})
 
     def test_writer_config_change(self):
-        """Test that changing the writer config correctly works.
-        """
+        """Test that changing the writer config correctly works."""
 
         self._insert_row_with_id("first", 3)
         self._insert_row_with_id("second", 5)
@@ -434,8 +435,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(id_gen_5.get_current_token_for_writer("third"), 6)
 
     def test_sequence_consistency(self):
-        """Test that we error out if the table and sequence diverges.
-        """
+        """Test that we error out if the table and sequence diverges."""
 
         # Prefill with some rows
         self._insert_row_with_id("master", 3)
@@ -452,8 +452,7 @@ class MultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
 
 
 class BackwardsMultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
-    """Tests MultiWriterIdGenerator that produce *negative* stream IDs.
-    """
+    """Tests MultiWriterIdGenerator that produce *negative* stream IDs."""
 
     if not USE_POSTGRES_FOR_TESTS:
         skip = "Requires Postgres"
@@ -494,12 +493,15 @@ class BackwardsMultiWriterIdGeneratorTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         return self.get_success(self.db_pool.runWithConnection(_create))
 
     def _insert_row(self, instance_name: str, stream_id: int):
-        """Insert one row as the given instance with given stream_id.
-        """
+        """Insert one row as the given instance with given stream_id."""
 
         def _insert(txn):
             txn.execute(
-                "INSERT INTO foobar VALUES (?, ?)", (stream_id, instance_name,),
+                "INSERT INTO foobar VALUES (?, ?)",
+                (
+                    stream_id,
+                    instance_name,
+                ),
             )
             txn.execute(
                 """
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py b/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py
index 8d97b6d4cd..5858c7fcc4 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_monthly_active_users.py
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ class MonthlyActiveUsersTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
     # value, although it gets stored on the config object as mau_limits.
     @override_config({"max_mau_value": 5, "mau_limit_reserved_threepids": gen_3pids(5)})
     def test_reap_monthly_active_users_reserved_users(self):
-        """ Tests that reaping correctly handles reaping where reserved users are
+        """Tests that reaping correctly handles reaping where reserved users are
         present"""
         threepids = self.hs.config.mau_limits_reserved_threepids
         initial_users = len(threepids)
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_redaction.py b/tests/storage/test_redaction.py
index a6303bf0ee..b2a0e60856 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_redaction.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_redaction.py
@@ -299,8 +299,7 @@ class RedactionTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_redact_censor(self):
-        """Test that a redacted event gets censored in the DB after a month
-        """
+        """Test that a redacted event gets censored in the DB after a month"""
 
         self.get_success(
             self.inject_room_member(self.room1, self.u_alice, Membership.JOIN)
@@ -370,8 +369,7 @@ class RedactionTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assert_dict({"content": {}}, json.loads(event_json))
 
     def test_redact_redaction(self):
-        """Tests that we can redact a redaction and can fetch it again.
-        """
+        """Tests that we can redact a redaction and can fetch it again."""
 
         self.get_success(
             self.inject_room_member(self.room1, self.u_alice, Membership.JOIN)
@@ -404,8 +402,7 @@ class RedactionTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_store_redacted_redaction(self):
-        """Tests that we can store a redacted redaction.
-        """
+        """Tests that we can store a redacted redaction."""
 
         self.get_success(
             self.inject_room_member(self.room1, self.u_alice, Membership.JOIN)
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_registration.py b/tests/storage/test_registration.py
index c8c7a90e5d..abbaed7cdc 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_registration.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_registration.py
@@ -145,7 +145,10 @@ class RegistrationStoreTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         try:
             yield defer.ensureDeferred(
                 self.store.validate_threepid_session(
-                    "fake_sid", "fake_client_secret", "fake_token", 0,
+                    "fake_sid",
+                    "fake_client_secret",
+                    "fake_token",
+                    0,
                 )
             )
         except ThreepidValidationError as e:
@@ -158,7 +161,10 @@ class RegistrationStoreTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         try:
             yield defer.ensureDeferred(
                 self.store.validate_threepid_session(
-                    "fake_sid", "fake_client_secret", "fake_token", 0,
+                    "fake_sid",
+                    "fake_client_secret",
+                    "fake_token",
+                    0,
                 )
             )
         except ThreepidValidationError as e:
diff --git a/tests/test_event_auth.py b/tests/test_event_auth.py
index 69b4c5d6c2..3f2691ee6b 100644
--- a/tests/test_event_auth.py
+++ b/tests/test_event_auth.py
@@ -85,7 +85,10 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # king should be able to send state
         event_auth.check(
-            RoomVersions.V1, _random_state_event(king), auth_events, do_sig_check=False,
+            RoomVersions.V1,
+            _random_state_event(king),
+            auth_events,
+            do_sig_check=False,
         )
 
     def test_alias_event(self):
@@ -99,7 +102,10 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # creator should be able to send aliases
         event_auth.check(
-            RoomVersions.V1, _alias_event(creator), auth_events, do_sig_check=False,
+            RoomVersions.V1,
+            _alias_event(creator),
+            auth_events,
+            do_sig_check=False,
         )
 
         # Reject an event with no state key.
@@ -122,7 +128,10 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # Note that the member does *not* need to be in the room.
         event_auth.check(
-            RoomVersions.V1, _alias_event(other), auth_events, do_sig_check=False,
+            RoomVersions.V1,
+            _alias_event(other),
+            auth_events,
+            do_sig_check=False,
         )
 
     def test_msc2432_alias_event(self):
@@ -136,7 +145,10 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
         # creator should be able to send aliases
         event_auth.check(
-            RoomVersions.V6, _alias_event(creator), auth_events, do_sig_check=False,
+            RoomVersions.V6,
+            _alias_event(creator),
+            auth_events,
+            do_sig_check=False,
         )
 
         # No particular checks are done on the state key.
@@ -156,7 +168,10 @@ class EventAuthTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         # Per standard auth rules, the member must be in the room.
         with self.assertRaises(AuthError):
             event_auth.check(
-                RoomVersions.V6, _alias_event(other), auth_events, do_sig_check=False,
+                RoomVersions.V6,
+                _alias_event(other),
+                auth_events,
+                do_sig_check=False,
             )
 
     def test_msc2209(self):
diff --git a/tests/test_mau.py b/tests/test_mau.py
index 51660b51d5..75d28a42df 100644
--- a/tests/test_mau.py
+++ b/tests/test_mau.py
@@ -242,7 +242,10 @@ class TestMauLimit(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
         channel = self.make_request(
-            "POST", "/register", request_data, access_token=token,
+            "POST",
+            "/register",
+            request_data,
+            access_token=token,
         )
 
         if channel.code != 200:
diff --git a/tests/test_metrics.py b/tests/test_metrics.py
index 759e4cd048..f696fcf89e 100644
--- a/tests/test_metrics.py
+++ b/tests/test_metrics.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from tests import unittest
 
 
 def get_sample_labels_value(sample):
-    """ Extract the labels and values of a sample.
+    """Extract the labels and values of a sample.
 
     prometheus_client 0.5 changed the sample type to a named tuple with more
     members than the plain tuple had in 0.4 and earlier. This function can
diff --git a/tests/test_server.py b/tests/test_server.py
index 815da18e65..55cde7f62f 100644
--- a/tests/test_server.py
+++ b/tests/test_server.py
@@ -166,7 +166,10 @@ class JsonResourceTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         res = JsonResource(self.homeserver)
         res.register_paths(
-            "GET", [re.compile("^/_matrix/foo$")], _callback, "test_servlet",
+            "GET",
+            [re.compile("^/_matrix/foo$")],
+            _callback,
+            "test_servlet",
         )
 
         # The path was registered as GET, but this is a HEAD request.
diff --git a/tests/unittest.py b/tests/unittest.py
index 767d5d6077..ca7031c724 100644
--- a/tests/unittest.py
+++ b/tests/unittest.py
@@ -255,7 +255,10 @@ class HomeserverTestCase(TestCase):
                 # We need a valid token ID to satisfy foreign key constraints.
                 token_id = self.get_success(
                     self.hs.get_datastore().add_access_token_to_user(
-                        self.helper.auth_user_id, "some_fake_token", None, None,
+                        self.helper.auth_user_id,
+                        "some_fake_token",
+                        None,
+                        None,
                     )
                 )
 
diff --git a/tests/util/caches/test_deferred_cache.py b/tests/util/caches/test_deferred_cache.py
index ecd9efc4df..c24c33ee91 100644
--- a/tests/util/caches/test_deferred_cache.py
+++ b/tests/util/caches/test_deferred_cache.py
@@ -232,7 +232,10 @@ class DeferredCacheTestCase(TestCase):
 
     def test_eviction_iterable(self):
         cache = DeferredCache(
-            "test", max_entries=3, apply_cache_factor_from_config=False, iterable=True,
+            "test",
+            max_entries=3,
+            apply_cache_factor_from_config=False,
+            iterable=True,
         )
 
         cache.prefill(1, ["one", "two"])
diff --git a/tests/util/caches/test_descriptors.py b/tests/util/caches/test_descriptors.py
index cf1e3203a4..afb11b9caf 100644
--- a/tests/util/caches/test_descriptors.py
+++ b/tests/util/caches/test_descriptors.py
@@ -143,8 +143,7 @@ class DescriptorTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         obj.mock.assert_not_called()
 
     def test_cache_with_sync_exception(self):
-        """If the wrapped function throws synchronously, things should continue to work
-        """
+        """If the wrapped function throws synchronously, things should continue to work"""
 
         class Cls:
             @cached()
@@ -165,8 +164,7 @@ class DescriptorTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.failureResultOf(d, SynapseError)
 
     def test_cache_with_async_exception(self):
-        """The wrapped function returns a failure
-        """
+        """The wrapped function returns a failure"""
 
         class Cls:
             result = None
@@ -282,7 +280,8 @@ class DescriptorTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                 try:
                     d = obj.fn(1)
                     self.assertEqual(
-                        current_context(), SENTINEL_CONTEXT,
+                        current_context(),
+                        SENTINEL_CONTEXT,
                     )
                     yield d
                     self.fail("No exception thrown")
@@ -374,8 +373,7 @@ class DescriptorTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         obj.mock.assert_not_called()
 
     def test_cache_iterable_with_sync_exception(self):
-        """If the wrapped function throws synchronously, things should continue to work
-        """
+        """If the wrapped function throws synchronously, things should continue to work"""
 
         class Cls:
             @descriptors.cached(iterable=True)
diff --git a/tests/util/test_itertools.py b/tests/util/test_itertools.py
index 1ef0af8e8f..e931a7ec18 100644
--- a/tests/util/test_itertools.py
+++ b/tests/util/test_itertools.py
@@ -24,28 +24,32 @@ class ChunkSeqTests(TestCase):
         parts = chunk_seq("123", 8)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            list(parts), ["123"],
+            list(parts),
+            ["123"],
         )
 
     def test_long_seq(self):
         parts = chunk_seq("abcdefghijklmnop", 8)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            list(parts), ["abcdefgh", "ijklmnop"],
+            list(parts),
+            ["abcdefgh", "ijklmnop"],
         )
 
     def test_uneven_parts(self):
         parts = chunk_seq("abcdefghijklmnop", 5)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            list(parts), ["abcde", "fghij", "klmno", "p"],
+            list(parts),
+            ["abcde", "fghij", "klmno", "p"],
         )
 
     def test_empty_input(self):
         parts = chunk_seq([], 5)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            list(parts), [],
+            list(parts),
+            [],
         )
 
 
diff --git a/tests/util/test_stream_change_cache.py b/tests/util/test_stream_change_cache.py
index 13b753e367..9ed01f7e0c 100644
--- a/tests/util/test_stream_change_cache.py
+++ b/tests/util/test_stream_change_cache.py
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ class StreamChangeCacheTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         self.assertTrue("user@foo.com" not in cache._entity_to_key)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            cache.get_all_entities_changed(2), ["bar@baz.net", "user@elsewhere.org"],
+            cache.get_all_entities_changed(2),
+            ["bar@baz.net", "user@elsewhere.org"],
         )
         self.assertIsNone(cache.get_all_entities_changed(1))
 
@@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ class StreamChangeCacheTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             {"bar@baz.net", "user@elsewhere.org"}, set(cache._entity_to_key)
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            cache.get_all_entities_changed(2), ["user@elsewhere.org", "bar@baz.net"],
+            cache.get_all_entities_changed(2),
+            ["user@elsewhere.org", "bar@baz.net"],
         )
         self.assertIsNone(cache.get_all_entities_changed(1))
 
@@ -222,7 +224,8 @@ class StreamChangeCacheTests(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         # Query a subset of the entries mid-way through the stream. We should
         # only get back the subset.
         self.assertEqual(
-            cache.get_entities_changed(["bar@baz.net"], stream_pos=2), {"bar@baz.net"},
+            cache.get_entities_changed(["bar@baz.net"], stream_pos=2),
+            {"bar@baz.net"},
         )
 
     def test_max_pos(self):
diff --git a/tests/utils.py b/tests/utils.py
index 840b657f82..4fb5098550 100644
--- a/tests/utils.py
+++ b/tests/utils.py
@@ -263,7 +263,10 @@ def setup_test_homeserver(
         db_conn.close()
 
     hs = homeserver_to_use(
-        name, config=config, version_string="Synapse/tests", reactor=reactor,
+        name,
+        config=config,
+        version_string="Synapse/tests",
+        reactor=reactor,
     )
 
     # Install @cache_in_self attributes
@@ -365,7 +368,7 @@ class MockHttpResource:
     def trigger(
         self, http_method, path, content, mock_request, federation_auth_origin=None
     ):
-        """ Fire an HTTP event.
+        """Fire an HTTP event.
 
         Args:
             http_method : The HTTP method
@@ -528,8 +531,7 @@ class MockClock:
 
 
 async def create_room(hs, room_id: str, creator_id: str):
-    """Creates and persist a creation event for the given room
-    """
+    """Creates and persist a creation event for the given room"""
 
     persistence_store = hs.get_storage().persistence
     store = hs.get_datastore()