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-rw-r--r--.github/workflows/latest_deps.yml3
-rw-r--r--.rustfmt.toml1
-rw-r--r--Cargo.lock162
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13635.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13667.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13722.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13768.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13772.doc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13782.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13792.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13796.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13799.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13809.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13818.doc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13823.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13830.bugfix1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13831.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13832.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13836.doc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13840.bugfix1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13843.removal1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13850.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13855.bugfix1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13859.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13860.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13870.doc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13872.bugfix1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13873.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13874.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13876.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13885.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13888.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13889.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13893.feature1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13905.misc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13909.bugfix1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13911.doc1
-rw-r--r--changelog.d/13914.misc1
-rw-r--r--contrib/prometheus/synapse-v2.rules25
-rw-r--r--contrib/workers-bash-scripts/create-multiple-generic-workers.md4
-rw-r--r--debian/changelog7
-rw-r--r--debian/hash_password.ronn2
-rw-r--r--docs/admin_api/register_api.md2
-rw-r--r--docs/setup/installation.md2
-rw-r--r--docs/sso_mapping_providers.md12
-rw-r--r--poetry.lock9
-rw-r--r--rust/Cargo.toml10
-rw-r--r--rust/src/lib.rs9
-rw-r--r--rust/src/push/base_rules.rs335
-rw-r--r--rust/src/push/mod.rs502
-rwxr-xr-xscripts-dev/make_full_schema.sh198
-rw-r--r--scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py4
-rw-r--r--stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/__init__.pyi (renamed from stubs/synapse/synapse_rust.pyi)0
-rw-r--r--stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/push.pyi37
-rwxr-xr-xsynapse/_scripts/synapse_port_db.py1
-rwxr-xr-xsynapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/api/errors.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/app/admin_cmd.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/app/complement_fork_starter.py32
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/experimental.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/federation_server.py11
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/auth.py34
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/device.py13
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/event_auth.py31
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/federation.py38
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/federation_event.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/push_rules.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/receipts.py25
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/register.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/room_summary.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/sso.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/sync.py22
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/typing.py9
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/proxyagent.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/http/server.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/module_api/__init__.py46
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/__init__.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/baserules.py583
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py7
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/clientformat.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/pusherpool.py85
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/client.py13
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py1
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/__init__.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/admin/users.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/account.py19
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/login_token_request.py94
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/pusher.py21
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/read_marker.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/receipts.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/versions.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/_base.py26
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/background_updates.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/controllers/persist_events.py71
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/controllers/state.py51
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/database.py10
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/__init__.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/cache.py54
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py64
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py188
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py38
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py139
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py23
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py140
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py87
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/relations.py38
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py17
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py46
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/engines/_base.py23
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py12
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py21
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/prepare_database.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres8
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite6
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/02add_pusher_enabled.sql16
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/03pusher_device_id.sql20
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres1344
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite646
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres30
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite20
-rw-r--r--synapse/types.py1
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py14
-rw-r--r--tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py21
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_appservice.py1
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_deactivate_account.py27
-rw-r--r--tests/handlers/test_typing.py6
-rw-r--r--tests/push/test_email.py4
-rw-r--r--tests/push/test_http.py193
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_receipts.py15
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_module_cache_invalidation.py79
-rw-r--r--tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/admin/test_user.py2
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/test_login_token_request.py132
-rw-r--r--tests/rest/client/test_relations.py29
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_event_federation.py481
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py89
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_receipts.py36
-rw-r--r--tests/unittest.py36
140 files changed, 5587 insertions, 1291 deletions
diff --git a/.github/workflows/latest_deps.yml b/.github/workflows/latest_deps.yml
index 8366ac9393..9a708286a4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/latest_deps.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/latest_deps.yml
@@ -201,10 +201,11 @@ jobs:
   open-issue:
     if: "failure() && github.event_name != 'push' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'"
     needs:
-      # TODO: should mypy be included here? It feels more brittle than the other two.
+      # TODO: should mypy be included here? It feels more brittle than the others.
       - mypy
       - trial
       - sytest
+      - complement
 
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
diff --git a/.rustfmt.toml b/.rustfmt.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf96e7743d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.rustfmt.toml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+group_imports = "StdExternalCrate"
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 3ae36161b3..b952b6b4c0 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -3,6 +3,27 @@
 version = 3
 
 [[package]]
+name = "aho-corasick"
+version = "0.7.19"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b4f55bd91a0978cbfd91c457a164bab8b4001c833b7f323132c0a4e1922dd44e"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anyhow"
+version = "1.0.65"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "98161a4e3e2184da77bb14f02184cdd111e83bbbcc9979dfee3c44b9a85f5602"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "arc-swap"
+version = "1.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "983cd8b9d4b02a6dc6ffa557262eb5858a27a0038ffffe21a0f133eaa819a164"
+
+[[package]]
 name = "autocfg"
 version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
@@ -82,6 +103,18 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "adab1eaa3408fb7f0c777a73e7465fd5656136fc93b670eb6df3c88c2c1344e3"
 
 [[package]]
+name = "itoa"
+version = "1.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6c8af84674fe1f223a982c933a0ee1086ac4d4052aa0fb8060c12c6ad838e754"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lazy_static"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e2abad23fbc42b3700f2f279844dc832adb2b2eb069b2df918f455c4e18cc646"
+
+[[package]]
 name = "libc"
 version = "0.2.132"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
@@ -98,6 +131,30 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "log"
+version = "0.4.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "abb12e687cfb44aa40f41fc3978ef76448f9b6038cad6aef4259d3c095a2382e"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "memchr"
+version = "2.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2dffe52ecf27772e601905b7522cb4ef790d2cc203488bbd0e2fe85fcb74566d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "memoffset"
+version = "0.6.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5aa361d4faea93603064a027415f07bd8e1d5c88c9fbf68bf56a285428fd79ce"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
 version = "1.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
@@ -137,13 +194,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3"
-version = "0.16.6"
+version = "0.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0220c44442c9b239dd4357aa856ac468a4f5e1f0df19ddb89b2522952eb4c6ca"
+checksum = "12f72538a0230791398a0986a6518ebd88abc3fded89007b506ed072acc831e1"
 dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
  "cfg-if",
  "indoc",
  "libc",
+ "memoffset",
  "parking_lot",
  "pyo3-build-config",
  "pyo3-ffi",
@@ -153,9 +212,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-build-config"
-version = "0.16.6"
+version = "0.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9c819d397859445928609d0ec5afc2da5204e0d0f73d6bf9e153b04e83c9cdc2"
+checksum = "fc4cf18c20f4f09995f3554e6bcf9b09bd5e4d6b67c562fdfaafa644526ba479"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "target-lexicon",
@@ -163,19 +222,30 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-ffi"
-version = "0.16.6"
+version = "0.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ca882703ab55f54702d7bfe1189b41b0af10272389f04cae38fe4cd56c65f75f"
+checksum = "a41877f28d8ebd600b6aa21a17b40c3b0fc4dfe73a27b6e81ab3d895e401b0e9"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "pyo3-build-config",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "pyo3-log"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e5695ccff5060c13ca1751cf8c857a12da9b0bf0378cb071c5e0326f7c7e4c1b"
+dependencies = [
+ "arc-swap",
+ "log",
+ "pyo3",
+]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "pyo3-macros"
-version = "0.16.6"
+version = "0.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "568749402955ad7be7bad9a09b8593851cd36e549ac90bfd44079cea500f3f21"
+checksum = "2e81c8d4bcc2f216dc1b665412df35e46d12ee8d3d046b381aad05f1fcf30547"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "pyo3-macros-backend",
@@ -185,9 +255,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-macros-backend"
-version = "0.16.6"
+version = "0.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "611f64e82d98f447787e82b8e7b0ebc681e1eb78fc1252668b2c605ffb4e1eb8"
+checksum = "85752a767ee19399a78272cc2ab625cd7d373b2e112b4b13db28de71fa892784"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -195,6 +265,16 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "pythonize"
+version = "0.17.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0f7f0c136f5fbc01868185eef462800e49659eb23acca83b9e884367a006acb6"
+dependencies = [
+ "pyo3",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "quote"
 version = "1.0.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
@@ -213,12 +293,66 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "regex"
+version = "1.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4c4eb3267174b8c6c2f654116623910a0fef09c4753f8dd83db29c48a0df988b"
+dependencies = [
+ "aho-corasick",
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-syntax"
+version = "0.6.27"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a3f87b73ce11b1619a3c6332f45341e0047173771e8b8b73f87bfeefb7b56244"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ryu"
+version = "1.0.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4501abdff3ae82a1c1b477a17252eb69cee9e66eb915c1abaa4f44d873df9f09"
+
+[[package]]
 name = "scopeguard"
 version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d29ab0c6d3fc0ee92fe66e2d99f700eab17a8d57d1c1d3b748380fb20baa78cd"
 
 [[package]]
+name = "serde"
+version = "1.0.145"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "728eb6351430bccb993660dfffc5a72f91ccc1295abaa8ce19b27ebe4f75568b"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde_derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_derive"
+version = "1.0.145"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "81fa1584d3d1bcacd84c277a0dfe21f5b0f6accf4a23d04d4c6d61f1af522b4c"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_json"
+version = "1.0.85"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e55a28e3aaef9d5ce0506d0a14dbba8054ddc7e499ef522dd8b26859ec9d4a44"
+dependencies = [
+ "itoa",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
 version = "1.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
@@ -245,9 +379,17 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "synapse"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
  "blake2",
  "hex",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "log",
  "pyo3",
+ "pyo3-log",
+ "pythonize",
+ "regex",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/changelog.d/13635.feature b/changelog.d/13635.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d86bf7ed80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13635.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Exponentially backoff from backfilling the same event over and over.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13667.feature b/changelog.d/13667.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a0b3cfe18c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13667.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add cache invalidation across workers to module API.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13722.feature b/changelog.d/13722.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..588d143c0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13722.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Experimental implementation of MSC3882 to allow an existing device/session to generate a login token for use on a new device/session.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13768.misc b/changelog.d/13768.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28bddb7059
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13768.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Port push rules to using Rust.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13772.doc b/changelog.d/13772.doc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3398ff3765
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13772.doc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add `worker_main_http_uri` for the worker generator bash script.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13782.feature b/changelog.d/13782.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0cb902dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13782.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Experimental support for thread-specific receipts ([MSC3771](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3771)).
diff --git a/changelog.d/13792.misc b/changelog.d/13792.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36ac91400a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13792.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Update the script which makes full schema dumps.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13796.misc b/changelog.d/13796.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ed1662394
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13796.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Use shared methods for cache invalidation when persisting events, remove duplicate codepaths. Contributed by Nick @ Beeper (@fizzadar).
diff --git a/changelog.d/13799.feature b/changelog.d/13799.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c8e5cffe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13799.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add experimental support for [MSC3881: Remotely toggle push notifications for another client](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3881).
diff --git a/changelog.d/13809.misc b/changelog.d/13809.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2dacca2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13809.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Improve the `synapse.api.auth.Auth` mock used in unit tests.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13818.doc b/changelog.d/13818.doc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16b31f5071
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13818.doc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Update URL for the NixOS module for Synapse.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13823.misc b/changelog.d/13823.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..527d79f4b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13823.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Faster Remote Room Joins: tell remote homeservers that we are unable to authorise them if they query a room which has partial state on our server.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/changelog.d/13830.bugfix b/changelog.d/13830.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6215806cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13830.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a long-standing bug where typing events would be accepted from remote servers not present in a room. Also fix a bug where incoming typing events would cause other incoming events to get stuck during a fast join.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13831.feature b/changelog.d/13831.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c8e5cffe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13831.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add experimental support for [MSC3881: Remotely toggle push notifications for another client](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3881).
diff --git a/changelog.d/13832.feature b/changelog.d/13832.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1dc1d66efe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13832.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Improve validation for the unspecced, internal-only `_matrix/client/unstable/add_threepid/msisdn/submit_token` endpoint.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13836.doc b/changelog.d/13836.doc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2edab00f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13836.doc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a mistake in sso_mapping_providers.md: `map_user_attributes` is expected to return `display_name` not `displayname`.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13840.bugfix b/changelog.d/13840.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f014439a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13840.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a bug introduced in Synapse v1.53.0 where the experimental implementation of [MSC3715](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3715) would give incorrect results when paginating forward.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13843.removal b/changelog.d/13843.removal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6caaa8895
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13843.removal
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Remove the `complete_sso_login` method from the Module API which was deprecated in Synapse 1.13.0.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13850.misc b/changelog.d/13850.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a973118aaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13850.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix the release script not publishing binary wheels.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/changelog.d/13855.bugfix b/changelog.d/13855.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ea8539bd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13855.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix access token leak to logs from proxy agent.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13859.misc b/changelog.d/13859.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2780a4af3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13859.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Raise issue if complement fails with latest deps.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13860.feature b/changelog.d/13860.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c8e5cffe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13860.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add experimental support for [MSC3881: Remotely toggle push notifications for another client](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3881).
diff --git a/changelog.d/13870.doc b/changelog.d/13870.doc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2598bc270c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13870.doc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a cross-link from the register admin API to the `registration_shared_secret` configuration documentation.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13872.bugfix b/changelog.d/13872.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..67d3d9e643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13872.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Faster room joins: Fix a bug introduced in 1.66.0 where an error would be logged when syncing after joining a room.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13873.misc b/changelog.d/13873.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4342482f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13873.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Create a new snapshot of the database schema.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13874.misc b/changelog.d/13874.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..499e488c35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13874.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Faster room joins: Send device list updates to most servers in rooms with partial state.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13876.misc b/changelog.d/13876.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef37100115
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13876.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add comments to the Prometheus recording rules to make it clear which set of rules you need for Grafana or Prometheus Console.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/changelog.d/13885.misc b/changelog.d/13885.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc76b862df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13885.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Correctly handle a race with device lists when a remote user leaves during a partial join.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13888.misc b/changelog.d/13888.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ffd9bcede
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13888.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Faster room joins: Avoid waiting for full state when processing `/keys/changes` requests.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13889.misc b/changelog.d/13889.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28bddb7059
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13889.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Port push rules to using Rust.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13893.feature b/changelog.d/13893.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0cb902dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13893.feature
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Experimental support for thread-specific receipts ([MSC3771](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3771)).
diff --git a/changelog.d/13905.misc b/changelog.d/13905.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efe3bed5f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13905.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix mypy errors with canonicaljson 1.6.3.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13909.bugfix b/changelog.d/13909.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..883dd72919
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13909.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix packaging to include `Cargo.lock` in `sdist`.
diff --git a/changelog.d/13911.doc b/changelog.d/13911.doc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7cc3206501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13911.doc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Update the man page for the `hash_password` script to correct the default number of bcrypt rounds performed.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/changelog.d/13914.misc b/changelog.d/13914.misc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c29bc25d38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/13914.misc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Complement image: propagate SIGTERM to all workers.
diff --git a/contrib/prometheus/synapse-v2.rules b/contrib/prometheus/synapse-v2.rules
index cbe6f7beba..dde311322f 100644
--- a/contrib/prometheus/synapse-v2.rules
+++ b/contrib/prometheus/synapse-v2.rules
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 groups:
 - name: synapse
   rules:
-  # These 3 rules are used in the included Prometheus console
+
+  ###
+  ### Prometheus Console Only
+  ### The following rules are only needed if you use the Prometheus Console
+  ### in contrib/prometheus/consoles/synapse.html
+  ###
   - record: 'synapse_federation_client_sent'
     labels:
       type: "EDU"
@@ -15,7 +20,6 @@ groups:
       type: "Query"
     expr: 'sum(synapse_federation_client_sent_queries) by (job)'
 
-  # These 3 rules are used in the included Prometheus console
   - record: 'synapse_federation_server_received'
     labels:
       type: "EDU"
@@ -29,7 +33,6 @@ groups:
       type: "Query"
     expr: 'sum(synapse_federation_server_received_queries) by (job)'
 
-  # These 2 rules are used in the included Prometheus console
   - record: 'synapse_federation_transaction_queue_pending'
     labels:
       type: "EDU"
@@ -38,8 +41,16 @@ groups:
     labels:
       type: "PDU"
     expr: 'synapse_federation_transaction_queue_pending_pdus + 0'
+  ###
+  ### End of 'Prometheus Console Only' rules block
+  ###
+
 
-  # These 3 rules are used in the included Grafana dashboard
+  ###
+  ### Grafana Only
+  ### The following rules are only needed if you use the Grafana dashboard
+  ### in contrib/grafana/synapse.json
+  ###
   - record: synapse_storage_events_persisted_by_source_type
     expr: sum without(type, origin_type, origin_entity) (synapse_storage_events_persisted_events_sep_total{origin_type="remote"})
     labels:
@@ -53,11 +64,11 @@ groups:
     labels:
       type: bridges
 
-  # This rule is used in the included Grafana dashboard
   - record: synapse_storage_events_persisted_by_event_type
     expr: sum without(origin_entity, origin_type) (synapse_storage_events_persisted_events_sep_total)
 
-  # This rule is used in the included Grafana dashboard
   - record: synapse_storage_events_persisted_by_origin
     expr: sum without(type) (synapse_storage_events_persisted_events_sep_total)
-
+  ###
+  ### End of 'Grafana Only' rules block
+  ###
diff --git a/contrib/workers-bash-scripts/create-multiple-generic-workers.md b/contrib/workers-bash-scripts/create-multiple-generic-workers.md
index d303101429..c9be707b3c 100644
--- a/contrib/workers-bash-scripts/create-multiple-generic-workers.md
+++ b/contrib/workers-bash-scripts/create-multiple-generic-workers.md
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ You can alternatively create multiple worker configuration files with a simple `
 #!/bin/bash
 for i in {1..5}
 do
-cat << EOF >> generic_worker$i.yaml
+cat << EOF > generic_worker$i.yaml
 worker_app: synapse.app.generic_worker
 worker_name: generic_worker$i
 
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ worker_name: generic_worker$i
 worker_replication_host: 127.0.0.1
 worker_replication_http_port: 9093
 
+worker_main_http_uri: http://localhost:8008/
+
 worker_listeners:
   - type: http
     port: 808$i
diff --git a/debian/changelog b/debian/changelog
index 1c1545469f..01fa49aa05 100644
--- a/debian/changelog
+++ b/debian/changelog
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+matrix-synapse-py3 (1.69.0~rc1+nmu1) UNRELEASED; urgency=medium
+
+  * The man page for the hash_password script has been updated to reflect
+    the correct default value of 'bcrypt_rounds'.
+
+ -- Synapse Packaging team <packages@matrix.org>  Mon, 26 Sep 2022 18:05:09 +0100
+
 matrix-synapse-py3 (1.68.0) stable; urgency=medium
 
   * New Synapse release 1.68.0.
diff --git a/debian/hash_password.ronn b/debian/hash_password.ronn
index eeb354602d..5d0df53802 100644
--- a/debian/hash_password.ronn
+++ b/debian/hash_password.ronn
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ or the `STDIN` if not supplied.
 
 It accepts an YAML file which can be used to specify parameters like the
 number of rounds for bcrypt and password_config section having the pepper
-value used for the hashing. By default `bcrypt_rounds` is set to **10**.
+value used for the hashing. By default `bcrypt_rounds` is set to **12**.
 
 The hashed password is written on the `STDOUT`.
 
diff --git a/docs/admin_api/register_api.md b/docs/admin_api/register_api.md
index f6be31b443..dd2830f3a1 100644
--- a/docs/admin_api/register_api.md
+++ b/docs/admin_api/register_api.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ non-interactive way. This is generally used for bootstrapping a Synapse
 instance with administrator accounts.
 
 To authenticate yourself to the server, you will need both the shared secret
-([`registration_shared_secret`](../configuration/config_documentation.md#registration_shared_secret)
+([`registration_shared_secret`](../usage/configuration/config_documentation.md#registration_shared_secret)
 in the homeserver configuration), and a one-time nonce. If the registration
 shared secret is not configured, this API is not enabled.
 
diff --git a/docs/setup/installation.md b/docs/setup/installation.md
index 96833effc6..dcd8f17c5e 100644
--- a/docs/setup/installation.md
+++ b/docs/setup/installation.md
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ doas pkg_add synapse
 #### NixOS
 
 Robin Lambertz has packaged Synapse for NixOS at:
-<https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/misc/matrix-synapse.nix>
+<https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/matrix/synapse.nix>
 
 
 ### Installing as a Python module from PyPI
diff --git a/docs/sso_mapping_providers.md b/docs/sso_mapping_providers.md
index 817499149f..9f5e5fbbe1 100644
--- a/docs/sso_mapping_providers.md
+++ b/docs/sso_mapping_providers.md
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ A custom mapping provider must specify the following methods:
 * `async def map_user_attributes(self, userinfo, token, failures)`
     - This method must be async.
     - Arguments:
-      - `userinfo` - A `authlib.oidc.core.claims.UserInfo` object to extract user
-                     information from.
+      - `userinfo` - An [`authlib.oidc.core.claims.UserInfo`](https://docs.authlib.org/en/latest/specs/oidc.html#authlib.oidc.core.UserInfo)
+                     object to extract user information from.
       - `token` - A dictionary which includes information necessary to make
                   further requests to the OpenID provider.
       - `failures` - An `int` that represents the amount of times the returned
@@ -91,7 +91,13 @@ A custom mapping provider must specify the following methods:
         `None`, the user is prompted to pick their own username. This is only used
         during a user's first login. Once a localpart has been associated with a
         remote user ID (see `get_remote_user_id`) it cannot be updated.
-      - `displayname`: An optional string, the display name for the user.
+      - `confirm_localpart`: A boolean. If set to `True`, when a `localpart`
+        string is returned from this method, Synapse will prompt the user to
+        either accept this localpart or pick their own username. Otherwise this
+        option has no effect. If omitted, defaults to `False`.
+      - `display_name`: An optional string, the display name for the user.
+      - `emails`: A list of strings, the email address(es) to associate with
+        this user. If omitted, defaults to an empty list.
 * `async def get_extra_attributes(self, userinfo, token)`
     - This method must be async.
     - Arguments:
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index 291f3c51e6..0f6d1cfa69 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -95,14 +95,15 @@ webencodings = "*"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "canonicaljson"
-version = "1.6.0"
+version = "1.6.3"
 description = "Canonical JSON"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
-python-versions = "~=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.7"
 
 [package.dependencies]
 simplejson = ">=3.14.0"
+typing-extensions = {version = ">=4.0.0", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""}
 
 [package.extras]
 frozendict = ["frozendict (>=1.0)"]
@@ -1682,8 +1683,8 @@ bleach = [
     {file = "bleach-4.1.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0900d8b37eba61a802ee40ac0061f8c2b5dee29c1927dd1d233e075ebf5a71da"},
 ]
 canonicaljson = [
-    {file = "canonicaljson-1.6.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:7230c2a2a3db07874f622af84effe41a655e07bf23734830e18a454e65d5b998"},
-    {file = "canonicaljson-1.6.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8739d5fd91aca7281d425660ae65af7663808c8177778965f67e90b16a2b2427"},
+    {file = "canonicaljson-1.6.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:6ba3cf1702fa3d209b3e915a4e9a3e4ef194f1e8fca189c1f0b7a2a7686a27e6"},
+    {file = "canonicaljson-1.6.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:ca59760bc274a899a0da75809d6909ae43e5123381fd6ef040a44d1952c0b448"},
 ]
 certifi = [
     {file = "certifi-2021.10.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:d62a0163eb4c2344ac042ab2bdf75399a71a2d8c7d47eac2e2ee91b9d6339569"},
diff --git a/rust/Cargo.toml b/rust/Cargo.toml
index 657f78c0b1..44263bf77e 100644
--- a/rust/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,7 +18,15 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 name = "synapse.synapse_rust"
 
 [dependencies]
-pyo3 = { version = "0.16.5", features = ["extension-module", "macros", "abi3", "abi3-py37"] }
+anyhow = "1.0.63"
+lazy_static = "1.4.0"
+log = "0.4.17"
+pyo3 = { version = "0.17.1", features = ["extension-module", "macros", "anyhow", "abi3", "abi3-py37"] }
+pyo3-log = "0.7.0"
+pythonize = "0.17.0"
+regex = "1.6.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0.144", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.85"
 
 [build-dependencies]
 blake2 = "0.10.4"
diff --git a/rust/src/lib.rs b/rust/src/lib.rs
index ba42465fb8..c7b60e58a7 100644
--- a/rust/src/lib.rs
+++ b/rust/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 use pyo3::prelude::*;
 
+pub mod push;
+
 /// Returns the hash of all the rust source files at the time it was compiled.
 ///
 /// Used by python to detect if the rust library is outdated.
@@ -17,8 +19,13 @@ fn sum_as_string(a: usize, b: usize) -> PyResult<String> {
 
 /// The entry point for defining the Python module.
 #[pymodule]
-fn synapse_rust(_py: Python<'_>, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+fn synapse_rust(py: Python<'_>, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+    pyo3_log::init();
+
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(sum_as_string, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(get_rust_file_digest, m)?)?;
+
+    push::register_module(py, m)?;
+
     Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/rust/src/push/base_rules.rs b/rust/src/push/base_rules.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c62bc4849
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/src/push/base_rules.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Contains the definitions of the "base" push rules.
+
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use serde_json::Value;
+
+use super::KnownCondition;
+use crate::push::Action;
+use crate::push::Condition;
+use crate::push::EventMatchCondition;
+use crate::push::PushRule;
+use crate::push::SetTweak;
+use crate::push::TweakValue;
+
+const HIGHLIGHT_ACTION: Action = Action::SetTweak(SetTweak {
+    set_tweak: Cow::Borrowed("highlight"),
+    value: None,
+    other_keys: Value::Null,
+});
+
+const HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION: Action = Action::SetTweak(SetTweak {
+    set_tweak: Cow::Borrowed("highlight"),
+    value: Some(TweakValue::Other(Value::Bool(false))),
+    other_keys: Value::Null,
+});
+
+const SOUND_ACTION: Action = Action::SetTweak(SetTweak {
+    set_tweak: Cow::Borrowed("sound"),
+    value: Some(TweakValue::String(Cow::Borrowed("default"))),
+    other_keys: Value::Null,
+});
+
+const RING_ACTION: Action = Action::SetTweak(SetTweak {
+    set_tweak: Cow::Borrowed("sound"),
+    value: Some(TweakValue::String(Cow::Borrowed("ring"))),
+    other_keys: Value::Null,
+});
+
+pub const BASE_PREPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES: &[PushRule] = &[PushRule {
+    rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.master"),
+    priority_class: 5,
+    conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[]),
+    actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::DontNotify]),
+    default: true,
+    default_enabled: false,
+}];
+
+pub const BASE_APPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES: &[PushRule] = &[
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.suppress_notices"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+            EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("content.msgtype"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.notice")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            },
+        ))]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::DontNotify]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.invite_for_me"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.member")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("content.membership"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("invite")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("state_key"),
+                pattern: None,
+                pattern_type: Some(Cow::Borrowed("user_id")),
+            })),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION, SOUND_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.member_event"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+            EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.member")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            },
+        ))]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::DontNotify]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.contains_display_name"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::ContainsDisplayName)]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_ACTION, SOUND_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.roomnotif"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::SenderNotificationPermission {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("room"),
+            }),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("content.body"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("@room")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.tombstone"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.tombstone")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("state_key"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.m.rule.reaction"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+            EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.reaction")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            },
+        ))]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::DontNotify]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/override/.org.matrix.msc3786.rule.room.server_acl"),
+        priority_class: 5,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.server_acl")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("state_key"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+];
+
+pub const BASE_APPEND_CONTENT_RULES: &[PushRule] = &[PushRule {
+    rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/content/.m.rule.contains_user_name"),
+    priority_class: 4,
+    conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+        EventMatchCondition {
+            key: Cow::Borrowed("content.body"),
+            pattern: None,
+            pattern_type: Some(Cow::Borrowed("user_localpart")),
+        },
+    ))]),
+    actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_ACTION, SOUND_ACTION]),
+    default: true,
+    default_enabled: true,
+}];
+
+pub const BASE_APPEND_UNDERRIDE_RULES: &[PushRule] = &[
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.m.rule.call"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+            EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.call.invite")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            },
+        ))]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, RING_ACTION, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.m.rule.room_one_to_one"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.message")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::RoomMemberCount {
+                is: Some(Cow::Borrowed("2")),
+            }),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, SOUND_ACTION, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.m.rule.encrypted_room_one_to_one"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.encrypted")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::RoomMemberCount {
+                is: Some(Cow::Borrowed("2")),
+            }),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, SOUND_ACTION, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.org.matrix.msc3772.thread_reply"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::RelationMatch {
+            rel_type: Cow::Borrowed("m.thread"),
+            sender: None,
+            sender_type: Some(Cow::Borrowed("user_id")),
+        })]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.m.rule.message"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+            EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.message")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            },
+        ))]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.m.rule.encrypted"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(
+            EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("m.room.encrypted")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            },
+        ))]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+    PushRule {
+        rule_id: Cow::Borrowed("global/underride/.im.vector.jitsi"),
+        priority_class: 1,
+        conditions: Cow::Borrowed(&[
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("im.vector.modular.widgets")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("content.type"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("jitsi")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+            Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+                key: Cow::Borrowed("state_key"),
+                pattern: Some(Cow::Borrowed("*")),
+                pattern_type: None,
+            })),
+        ]),
+        actions: Cow::Borrowed(&[Action::Notify, HIGHLIGHT_FALSE_ACTION]),
+        default: true,
+        default_enabled: true,
+    },
+];
+
+lazy_static! {
+    pub static ref BASE_RULES_BY_ID: HashMap<&'static str, &'static PushRule> =
+        BASE_PREPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES
+            .iter()
+            .chain(BASE_APPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES.iter())
+            .chain(BASE_APPEND_CONTENT_RULES.iter())
+            .chain(BASE_APPEND_UNDERRIDE_RULES.iter())
+            .map(|rule| { (&*rule.rule_id, rule) })
+            .collect();
+}
diff --git a/rust/src/push/mod.rs b/rust/src/push/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de6764e7c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/src/push/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! An implementation of Matrix push rules.
+//!
+//! The `Cow<_>` type is used extensively within this module to allow creating
+//! the base rules as constants (in Rust constants can't require explicit
+//! allocation atm).
+//!
+//! ---
+//!
+//! Push rules is the system used to determine which events trigger a push (and a
+//! bump in notification counts).
+//!
+//! This consists of a list of "push rules" for each user, where a push rule is a
+//! pair of "conditions" and "actions". When a user receives an event Synapse
+//! iterates over the list of push rules until it finds one where all the conditions
+//! match the event, at which point "actions" describe the outcome (e.g. notify,
+//! highlight, etc).
+//!
+//! Push rules are split up into 5 different "kinds" (aka "priority classes"), which
+//! are run in order:
+//!     1. Override — highest priority rules, e.g. always ignore notices
+//!     2. Content — content specific rules, e.g. @ notifications
+//!     3. Room — per room rules, e.g. enable/disable notifications for all messages
+//!        in a room
+//!     4. Sender — per sender rules, e.g. never notify for messages from a given
+//!        user
+//!     5. Underride — the lowest priority "default" rules, e.g. notify for every
+//!        message.
+//!
+//! The set of "base rules" are the list of rules that every user has by default. A
+//! user can modify their copy of the push rules in one of three ways:
+//!
+//!     1. Adding a new push rule of a certain kind
+//!     2. Changing the actions of a base rule
+//!     3. Enabling/disabling a base rule.
+//!
+//! The base rules are split into whether they come before or after a particular
+//! kind, so the order of push rule evaluation would be: base rules for before
+//! "override" kind, user defined "override" rules, base rules after "override"
+//! kind, etc, etc.
+
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet};
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Error};
+use log::warn;
+use pyo3::prelude::*;
+use pythonize::pythonize;
+use serde::de::Error as _;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde_json::Value;
+
+mod base_rules;
+
+/// Called when registering modules with python.
+pub fn register_module(py: Python<'_>, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+    let child_module = PyModule::new(py, "push")?;
+    child_module.add_class::<PushRule>()?;
+    child_module.add_class::<PushRules>()?;
+    child_module.add_class::<FilteredPushRules>()?;
+    child_module.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(get_base_rule_ids, m)?)?;
+
+    m.add_submodule(child_module)?;
+
+    // We need to manually add the module to sys.modules to make `from
+    // synapse.synapse_rust import push` work.
+    py.import("sys")?
+        .getattr("modules")?
+        .set_item("synapse.synapse_rust.push", child_module)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[pyfunction]
+fn get_base_rule_ids() -> HashSet<&'static str> {
+    base_rules::BASE_RULES_BY_ID.keys().copied().collect()
+}
+
+/// A single push rule for a user.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[pyclass(frozen)]
+pub struct PushRule {
+    /// A unique ID for this rule
+    pub rule_id: Cow<'static, str>,
+    /// The "kind" of push rule this is (see `PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP` in Python)
+    #[pyo3(get)]
+    pub priority_class: i32,
+    /// The conditions that must all match for actions to be applied
+    pub conditions: Cow<'static, [Condition]>,
+    /// The actions to apply if all conditions are met
+    pub actions: Cow<'static, [Action]>,
+    /// Whether this is a base rule
+    #[pyo3(get)]
+    pub default: bool,
+    /// Whether this is enabled by default
+    #[pyo3(get)]
+    pub default_enabled: bool,
+}
+
+#[pymethods]
+impl PushRule {
+    #[staticmethod]
+    pub fn from_db(
+        rule_id: String,
+        priority_class: i32,
+        conditions: &str,
+        actions: &str,
+    ) -> Result<PushRule, Error> {
+        let conditions = serde_json::from_str(conditions).context("parsing conditions")?;
+        let actions = serde_json::from_str(actions).context("parsing actions")?;
+
+        Ok(PushRule {
+            rule_id: Cow::Owned(rule_id),
+            priority_class,
+            conditions,
+            actions,
+            default: false,
+            default_enabled: true,
+        })
+    }
+
+    #[getter]
+    fn rule_id(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.rule_id
+    }
+
+    #[getter]
+    fn actions(&self) -> Vec<Action> {
+        self.actions.clone().into_owned()
+    }
+
+    #[getter]
+    fn conditions(&self) -> Vec<Condition> {
+        self.conditions.clone().into_owned()
+    }
+
+    fn __repr__(&self) -> String {
+        format!(
+            "<PushRule rule_id={}, conditions={:?}, actions={:?}>",
+            self.rule_id, self.conditions, self.actions
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/// The "action" Synapse should perform for a matching push rule.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Action {
+    DontNotify,
+    Notify,
+    Coalesce,
+    SetTweak(SetTweak),
+
+    // An unrecognized custom action.
+    Unknown(Value),
+}
+
+impl IntoPy<PyObject> for Action {
+    fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject {
+        // When we pass the `Action` struct to Python we want it to be converted
+        // to a dict. We use `pythonize`, which converts the struct using the
+        // `serde` serialization.
+        pythonize(py, &self).expect("valid action")
+    }
+}
+
+/// The body of a `SetTweak` push action.
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct SetTweak {
+    set_tweak: Cow<'static, str>,
+
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    value: Option<TweakValue>,
+
+    // This picks up any other fields that may have been added by clients.
+    // These get added when we convert the `Action` to a python object.
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    other_keys: Value,
+}
+
+/// The value of a `set_tweak`.
+///
+/// We need this (rather than using `TweakValue` directly) so that we can use
+/// `&'static str` in the value when defining the constant base rules.
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub enum TweakValue {
+    String(Cow<'static, str>),
+    Other(Value),
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Action {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: serde::Serializer,
+    {
+        match self {
+            Action::DontNotify => serializer.serialize_str("dont_notify"),
+            Action::Notify => serializer.serialize_str("notify"),
+            Action::Coalesce => serializer.serialize_str("coalesce"),
+            Action::SetTweak(tweak) => tweak.serialize(serializer),
+            Action::Unknown(value) => value.serialize(serializer),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Simple helper class for deserializing Action from JSON.
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+enum ActionDeserializeHelper {
+    Str(String),
+    SetTweak(SetTweak),
+    Unknown(Value),
+}
+
+impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Action {
+    fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
+    where
+        D: serde::Deserializer<'de>,
+    {
+        let helper: ActionDeserializeHelper = Deserialize::deserialize(deserializer)?;
+        match helper {
+            ActionDeserializeHelper::Str(s) => match &*s {
+                "dont_notify" => Ok(Action::DontNotify),
+                "notify" => Ok(Action::Notify),
+                "coalesce" => Ok(Action::Coalesce),
+                _ => Err(D::Error::custom("unrecognized action")),
+            },
+            ActionDeserializeHelper::SetTweak(set_tweak) => Ok(Action::SetTweak(set_tweak)),
+            ActionDeserializeHelper::Unknown(value) => Ok(Action::Unknown(value)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A condition used in push rules to match against an event.
+///
+/// We need this split as `serde` doesn't give us the ability to have a
+/// "catchall" variant in tagged enums.
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub enum Condition {
+    /// A recognized condition that we can match against
+    Known(KnownCondition),
+    /// An unrecognized condition that we ignore.
+    Unknown(Value),
+}
+
+/// The set of "known" conditions that we can handle.
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+#[serde(tag = "kind")]
+pub enum KnownCondition {
+    EventMatch(EventMatchCondition),
+    ContainsDisplayName,
+    RoomMemberCount {
+        #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        is: Option<Cow<'static, str>>,
+    },
+    SenderNotificationPermission {
+        key: Cow<'static, str>,
+    },
+    #[serde(rename = "org.matrix.msc3772.relation_match")]
+    RelationMatch {
+        rel_type: Cow<'static, str>,
+        #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        sender: Option<Cow<'static, str>>,
+        #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        sender_type: Option<Cow<'static, str>>,
+    },
+}
+
+impl IntoPy<PyObject> for Condition {
+    fn into_py(self, py: Python<'_>) -> PyObject {
+        pythonize(py, &self).expect("valid condition")
+    }
+}
+
+/// The body of a [`Condition::EventMatch`]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct EventMatchCondition {
+    key: Cow<'static, str>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pattern: Option<Cow<'static, str>>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pattern_type: Option<Cow<'static, str>>,
+}
+
+/// The collection of push rules for a user.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+#[pyclass(frozen)]
+struct PushRules {
+    /// Custom push rules that override a base rule.
+    overridden_base_rules: HashMap<Cow<'static, str>, PushRule>,
+
+    /// Custom rules that come between the prepend/append override base rules.
+    override_rules: Vec<PushRule>,
+    /// Custom rules that come before the base content rules.
+    content: Vec<PushRule>,
+    /// Custom rules that come before the base room rules.
+    room: Vec<PushRule>,
+    /// Custom rules that come before the base sender rules.
+    sender: Vec<PushRule>,
+    /// Custom rules that come before the base underride rules.
+    underride: Vec<PushRule>,
+}
+
+#[pymethods]
+impl PushRules {
+    #[new]
+    fn new(rules: Vec<PushRule>) -> PushRules {
+        let mut push_rules: PushRules = Default::default();
+
+        for rule in rules {
+            if let Some(&o) = base_rules::BASE_RULES_BY_ID.get(&*rule.rule_id) {
+                push_rules.overridden_base_rules.insert(
+                    rule.rule_id.clone(),
+                    PushRule {
+                        actions: rule.actions.clone(),
+                        ..o.clone()
+                    },
+                );
+
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            match rule.priority_class {
+                5 => push_rules.override_rules.push(rule),
+                4 => push_rules.content.push(rule),
+                3 => push_rules.room.push(rule),
+                2 => push_rules.sender.push(rule),
+                1 => push_rules.underride.push(rule),
+                _ => {
+                    warn!(
+                        "Unrecognized priority class for rule {}: {}",
+                        rule.rule_id, rule.priority_class
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        push_rules
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the list of all rules, including base rules, in the order they
+    /// should be executed in.
+    fn rules(&self) -> Vec<PushRule> {
+        self.iter().cloned().collect()
+    }
+}
+
+impl PushRules {
+    /// Iterates over all the rules, including base rules, in the order they
+    /// should be executed in.
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &PushRule> {
+        base_rules::BASE_PREPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES
+            .iter()
+            .chain(self.override_rules.iter())
+            .chain(base_rules::BASE_APPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES.iter())
+            .chain(self.content.iter())
+            .chain(base_rules::BASE_APPEND_CONTENT_RULES.iter())
+            .chain(self.room.iter())
+            .chain(self.sender.iter())
+            .chain(self.underride.iter())
+            .chain(base_rules::BASE_APPEND_UNDERRIDE_RULES.iter())
+            .map(|rule| {
+                self.overridden_base_rules
+                    .get(&*rule.rule_id)
+                    .unwrap_or(rule)
+            })
+    }
+}
+
+/// A wrapper around `PushRules` that checks the enabled state of rules and
+/// filters out disabled experimental rules.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+#[pyclass(frozen)]
+pub struct FilteredPushRules {
+    push_rules: PushRules,
+    enabled_map: BTreeMap<String, bool>,
+    msc3786_enabled: bool,
+    msc3772_enabled: bool,
+}
+
+#[pymethods]
+impl FilteredPushRules {
+    #[new]
+    fn py_new(
+        push_rules: PushRules,
+        enabled_map: BTreeMap<String, bool>,
+        msc3786_enabled: bool,
+        msc3772_enabled: bool,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            push_rules,
+            enabled_map,
+            msc3786_enabled,
+            msc3772_enabled,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the list of all rules and their enabled state, including base
+    /// rules, in the order they should be executed in.
+    fn rules(&self) -> Vec<(PushRule, bool)> {
+        self.iter().map(|(r, e)| (r.clone(), e)).collect()
+    }
+}
+
+impl FilteredPushRules {
+    /// Iterates over all the rules and their enabled state, including base
+    /// rules, in the order they should be executed in.
+    fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&PushRule, bool)> {
+        self.push_rules
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|rule| {
+                // Ignore disabled experimental push rules
+                if !self.msc3786_enabled
+                    && rule.rule_id == "global/override/.org.matrix.msc3786.rule.room.server_acl"
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if !self.msc3772_enabled
+                    && rule.rule_id == "global/underride/.org.matrix.msc3772.thread_reply"
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                true
+            })
+            .map(|r| {
+                let enabled = *self
+                    .enabled_map
+                    .get(&*r.rule_id)
+                    .unwrap_or(&r.default_enabled);
+                (r, enabled)
+            })
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_serialize_condition() {
+    let condition = Condition::Known(KnownCondition::EventMatch(EventMatchCondition {
+        key: "content.body".into(),
+        pattern: Some("coffee".into()),
+        pattern_type: None,
+    }));
+
+    let json = serde_json::to_string(&condition).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        json,
+        r#"{"kind":"event_match","key":"content.body","pattern":"coffee"}"#
+    )
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_deserialize_condition() {
+    let json = r#"{"kind":"event_match","key":"content.body","pattern":"coffee"}"#;
+
+    let _: Condition = serde_json::from_str(json).unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_deserialize_custom_condition() {
+    let json = r#"{"kind":"custom_tag"}"#;
+
+    let condition: Condition = serde_json::from_str(json).unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(condition, Condition::Unknown(_)));
+
+    let new_json = serde_json::to_string(&condition).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(json, new_json);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_deserialize_action() {
+    let _: Action = serde_json::from_str(r#""notify""#).unwrap();
+    let _: Action = serde_json::from_str(r#""dont_notify""#).unwrap();
+    let _: Action = serde_json::from_str(r#""coalesce""#).unwrap();
+    let _: Action = serde_json::from_str(r#"{"set_tweak": "highlight"}"#).unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_custom_action() {
+    let json = r#"{"some_custom":"action_fields"}"#;
+
+    let action: Action = serde_json::from_str(json).unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(action, Action::Unknown(_)));
+
+    let new_json = serde_json::to_string(&action).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(json, new_json);
+}
diff --git a/scripts-dev/make_full_schema.sh b/scripts-dev/make_full_schema.sh
index 61394360ce..e2bc1640bb 100755
--- a/scripts-dev/make_full_schema.sh
+++ b/scripts-dev/make_full_schema.sh
@@ -2,23 +2,16 @@
 #
 # This script generates SQL files for creating a brand new Synapse DB with the latest
 # schema, on both SQLite3 and Postgres.
-#
-# It does so by having Synapse generate an up-to-date SQLite DB, then running
-# synapse_port_db to convert it to Postgres. It then dumps the contents of both.
 
 export PGHOST="localhost"
-POSTGRES_DB_NAME="synapse_full_schema.$$"
-
-SQLITE_SCHEMA_FILE="schema.sql.sqlite"
-SQLITE_ROWS_FILE="rows.sql.sqlite"
-POSTGRES_SCHEMA_FILE="full.sql.postgres"
-POSTGRES_ROWS_FILE="rows.sql.postgres"
-
+POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME="synapse_full_schema_main.$$"
+POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME="synapse_full_schema_common.$$"
+POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME="synapse_full_schema_state.$$"
 REQUIRED_DEPS=("matrix-synapse" "psycopg2")
 
 usage() {
   echo
-  echo "Usage: $0 -p <postgres_username> -o <path> [-c] [-n] [-h]"
+  echo "Usage: $0 -p <postgres_username> -o <path> [-c] [-n <schema number>] [-h]"
   echo
   echo "-p <postgres_username>"
   echo "  Username to connect to local postgres instance. The password will be requested"
@@ -27,11 +20,19 @@ usage() {
   echo "  CI mode. Prints every command that the script runs."
   echo "-o <path>"
   echo "  Directory to output full schema files to."
+  echo "-n <schema number>"
+  echo "  Schema number for the new snapshot. Used to set the location of files within "
+  echo "  the output directory, mimicking that of synapse/storage/schemas."
+  echo "  Defaults to 9999."
   echo "-h"
   echo "  Display this help text."
+  echo ""
+  echo "  NB: make sure to run this against the *oldest* supported version of postgres,"
+  echo "  or else pg_dump might output non-backwards-compatible syntax."
 }
 
-while getopts "p:co:h" opt; do
+SCHEMA_NUMBER="9999"
+while getopts "p:co:hn:" opt; do
   case $opt in
     p)
       export PGUSER=$OPTARG
@@ -48,6 +49,9 @@ while getopts "p:co:h" opt; do
       usage
       exit
       ;;
+    n)
+      SCHEMA_NUMBER="$OPTARG"
+      ;;
     \?)
       echo "ERROR: Invalid option: -$OPTARG" >&2
       usage
@@ -95,12 +99,21 @@ cd "$(dirname "$0")/.."
 TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
 KEY_FILE=$TMPDIR/test.signing.key # default Synapse signing key path
 SQLITE_CONFIG=$TMPDIR/sqlite.conf
-SQLITE_DB=$TMPDIR/homeserver.db
+SQLITE_MAIN_DB=$TMPDIR/main.db
+SQLITE_STATE_DB=$TMPDIR/state.db
+SQLITE_COMMON_DB=$TMPDIR/common.db
 POSTGRES_CONFIG=$TMPDIR/postgres.conf
 
 # Ensure these files are delete on script exit
-# TODO: the trap should also drop the temp postgres DB
-trap 'rm -rf $TMPDIR' EXIT
+cleanup() {
+  echo "Cleaning up temporary sqlite database and config files..."
+  rm -r "$TMPDIR"
+  echo "Cleaning up temporary Postgres database..."
+  dropdb --if-exists "$POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME"
+  dropdb --if-exists "$POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME"
+  dropdb --if-exists "$POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME"
+}
+trap 'cleanup' EXIT
 
 cat > "$SQLITE_CONFIG" <<EOF
 server_name: "test"
@@ -110,10 +123,22 @@ macaroon_secret_key: "abcde"
 
 report_stats: false
 
-database:
-  name: "sqlite3"
-  args:
-    database: "$SQLITE_DB"
+databases:
+  common:
+    name: "sqlite3"
+    data_stores: []
+    args:
+      database: "$SQLITE_COMMON_DB"
+  main:
+    name: "sqlite3"
+    data_stores: ["main"]
+    args:
+      database: "$SQLITE_MAIN_DB"
+  state:
+    name: "sqlite3"
+    data_stores: ["state"]
+    args:
+      database: "$SQLITE_STATE_DB"
 
 # Suppress the key server warning.
 trusted_key_servers: []
@@ -127,13 +152,32 @@ macaroon_secret_key: "abcde"
 
 report_stats: false
 
-database:
-  name: "psycopg2"
-  args:
-    user: "$PGUSER"
-    host: "$PGHOST"
-    password: "$PGPASSWORD"
-    database: "$POSTGRES_DB_NAME"
+databases:
+  common:
+    name: "psycopg2"
+    data_stores: []
+    args:
+      user: "$PGUSER"
+      host: "$PGHOST"
+      password: "$PGPASSWORD"
+      database: "$POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME"
+  main:
+    name: "psycopg2"
+    data_stores: ["main"]
+    args:
+      user: "$PGUSER"
+      host: "$PGHOST"
+      password: "$PGPASSWORD"
+      database: "$POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME"
+  state:
+    name: "psycopg2"
+    data_stores: ["state"]
+    args:
+      user: "$PGUSER"
+      host: "$PGHOST"
+      password: "$PGPASSWORD"
+      database: "$POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME"
+
 
 # Suppress the key server warning.
 trusted_key_servers: []
@@ -148,33 +192,105 @@ echo "Running db background jobs..."
 synapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py --database-config "$SQLITE_CONFIG" --run-background-updates
 
 # Create the PostgreSQL database.
-echo "Creating postgres database..."
-createdb --lc-collate=C --lc-ctype=C --template=template0 "$POSTGRES_DB_NAME"
+echo "Creating postgres databases..."
+createdb --lc-collate=C --lc-ctype=C --template=template0 "$POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME"
+createdb --lc-collate=C --lc-ctype=C --template=template0 "$POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME"
+createdb --lc-collate=C --lc-ctype=C --template=template0 "$POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME"
 
 echo "Running db background jobs..."
 synapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py --database-config "$POSTGRES_CONFIG" --run-background-updates
 
 
-# Delete schema_version, applied_schema_deltas and applied_module_schemas tables
-# Also delete any shadow tables from fts4
 echo "Dropping unwanted db tables..."
-SQL="
+
+# Some common tables are created and updated by Synapse itself and do not belong in the
+# schema.
+DROP_APP_MANAGED_TABLES="
 DROP TABLE schema_version;
+DROP TABLE schema_compat_version;
 DROP TABLE applied_schema_deltas;
 DROP TABLE applied_module_schemas;
 "
-sqlite3 "$SQLITE_DB" <<< "$SQL"
-psql "$POSTGRES_DB_NAME" -w <<< "$SQL"
+# Other common tables are not created by Synapse and do belong in the schema.
+# TODO: we could derive DROP_COMMON_TABLES from the dump of the common-only DB. But
+#       since there's only one table there, I haven't bothered to do so.
+DROP_COMMON_TABLES="$DROP_APP_MANAGED_TABLES
+DROP TABLE background_updates;
+"
 
-echo "Dumping SQLite3 schema to '$OUTPUT_DIR/$SQLITE_SCHEMA_FILE' and '$OUTPUT_DIR/$SQLITE_ROWS_FILE'..."
-sqlite3 "$SQLITE_DB" ".schema --indent" > "$OUTPUT_DIR/$SQLITE_SCHEMA_FILE"
-sqlite3 "$SQLITE_DB" ".dump --data-only --nosys" > "$OUTPUT_DIR/$SQLITE_ROWS_FILE"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_COMMON_DB" <<< "$DROP_APP_MANAGED_TABLES"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_MAIN_DB" <<< "$DROP_COMMON_TABLES"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_STATE_DB" <<< "$DROP_COMMON_TABLES"
+psql "$POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME" -w <<< "$DROP_APP_MANAGED_TABLES"
+psql "$POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME" -w <<< "$DROP_COMMON_TABLES"
+psql "$POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME" -w <<< "$DROP_COMMON_TABLES"
+
+# For Reasons(TM), SQLite's `.schema` also dumps out "shadow tables", the implementation
+# details behind full text search tables. Omit these from the dumps.
+
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_MAIN_DB" <<< "
+DROP TABLE event_search_content;
+DROP TABLE event_search_segments;
+DROP TABLE event_search_segdir;
+DROP TABLE event_search_docsize;
+DROP TABLE event_search_stat;
+DROP TABLE user_directory_search_content;
+DROP TABLE user_directory_search_segments;
+DROP TABLE user_directory_search_segdir;
+DROP TABLE user_directory_search_docsize;
+DROP TABLE user_directory_search_stat;
+"
+
+echo "Dumping SQLite3 schema..."
+
+mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR/"{common,main,state}"/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_COMMON_DB" ".schema"                    > "$OUTPUT_DIR/common/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.sqlite"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_COMMON_DB" ".dump --data-only --nosys" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/common/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.sqlite"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_MAIN_DB"   ".schema"                    > "$OUTPUT_DIR/main/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.sqlite"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_MAIN_DB"   ".dump --data-only --nosys" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/main/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.sqlite"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_STATE_DB"  ".schema"                    > "$OUTPUT_DIR/state/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.sqlite"
+sqlite3 "$SQLITE_STATE_DB"  ".dump --data-only --nosys" >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/state/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.sqlite"
+
+cleanup_pg_schema() {
+  # Cleanup as follows:
+  # - Remove empty lines. pg_dump likes to output a lot of these.
+  # - Remove comment-only lines. pg_dump also likes to output a lot of these to visually
+  #   separate tables etc.
+  # - Remove "public." prefix --- the schema name.
+  # - Remove "SET" commands. Last time I ran this, the output commands were
+  #     SET statement_timeout = 0;
+  #     SET lock_timeout = 0;
+  #     SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = 0;
+  #     SET client_encoding = 'UTF8';
+  #     SET standard_conforming_strings = on;
+  #     SET check_function_bodies = false;
+  #     SET xmloption = content;
+  #     SET client_min_messages = warning;
+  #     SET row_security = off;
+  #     SET default_table_access_method = heap;
+  # - Very carefully remove specific SELECT statements. We CANNOT blanket remove all
+  #   SELECT statements because some of those have side-effects which we do want in the
+  #   schema. Last time I ran this, the only SELECTS were
+  #     SELECT pg_catalog.set_config('search_path', '', false);
+  #   and
+  #     SELECT pg_catalog.setval(text, bigint, bool);
+  #   We do want to remove the former, but the latter is important. If the last argument
+  #   is `true` or omitted, this marks the given integer as having been consumed and
+  #   will NOT appear as the nextval.
+   sed -e '/^$/d' \
+   -e '/^--/d' \
+   -e 's/public\.//g' \
+   -e '/^SET /d' \
+   -e '/^SELECT pg_catalog.set_config/d'
+}
 
-echo "Dumping Postgres schema to '$OUTPUT_DIR/$POSTGRES_SCHEMA_FILE' and '$OUTPUT_DIR/$POSTGRES_ROWS_FILE'..."
-pg_dump --format=plain --schema-only         --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_DB_NAME" | sed -e '/^$/d' -e '/^--/d' -e 's/public\.//g' -e '/^SET /d' -e '/^SELECT /d' > "$OUTPUT_DIR/$POSTGRES_SCHEMA_FILE"
-pg_dump --format=plain --data-only --inserts --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_DB_NAME" | sed -e '/^$/d' -e '/^--/d' -e 's/public\.//g' -e '/^SET /d' -e '/^SELECT /d' > "$OUTPUT_DIR/$POSTGRES_ROWS_FILE"
+echo "Dumping Postgres schema..."
 
-echo "Cleaning up temporary Postgres database..."
-dropdb $POSTGRES_DB_NAME
+pg_dump --format=plain --schema-only         --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME" | cleanup_pg_schema  > "$OUTPUT_DIR/common/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.postgres"
+pg_dump --format=plain --data-only --inserts --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_COMMON_DB_NAME" | cleanup_pg_schema >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/common/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.postgres"
+pg_dump --format=plain --schema-only         --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME"   | cleanup_pg_schema  > "$OUTPUT_DIR/main/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.postgres"
+pg_dump --format=plain --data-only --inserts --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_MAIN_DB_NAME"   | cleanup_pg_schema >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/main/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.postgres"
+pg_dump --format=plain --schema-only         --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME"  | cleanup_pg_schema  > "$OUTPUT_DIR/state/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.postgres"
+pg_dump --format=plain --data-only --inserts --no-tablespaces --no-acl --no-owner "$POSTGRES_STATE_DB_NAME"  | cleanup_pg_schema >> "$OUTPUT_DIR/state/full_schemas/$SCHEMA_NUMBER/full.sql.postgres"
 
 echo "Done! Files dumped to: $OUTPUT_DIR"
diff --git a/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py b/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py
index d08517a953..2c377533c0 100644
--- a/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py
+++ b/scripts-dev/mypy_synapse_plugin.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class SynapsePlugin(Plugin):
         self, fullname: str
     ) -> Optional[Callable[[MethodSigContext], CallableType]]:
         if fullname.startswith(
-            "synapse.util.caches.descriptors._CachedFunction.__call__"
+            "synapse.util.caches.descriptors.CachedFunction.__call__"
         ) or fullname.startswith(
             "synapse.util.caches.descriptors._LruCachedFunction.__call__"
         ):
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class SynapsePlugin(Plugin):
 
 
 def cached_function_method_signature(ctx: MethodSigContext) -> CallableType:
-    """Fixes the `_CachedFunction.__call__` signature to be correct.
+    """Fixes the `CachedFunction.__call__` signature to be correct.
 
     It already has *almost* the correct signature, except:
 
diff --git a/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust.pyi b/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/__init__.pyi
index 8658d3138f..8658d3138f 100644
--- a/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust.pyi
+++ b/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/__init__.pyi
diff --git a/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/push.pyi b/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/push.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93c4e69d42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stubs/synapse/synapse_rust/push.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from typing import Any, Collection, Dict, Mapping, Sequence, Tuple, Union
+
+from synapse.types import JsonDict
+
+class PushRule:
+    @property
+    def rule_id(self) -> str: ...
+    @property
+    def priority_class(self) -> int: ...
+    @property
+    def conditions(self) -> Sequence[Mapping[str, str]]: ...
+    @property
+    def actions(self) -> Sequence[Union[Mapping[str, Any], str]]: ...
+    @property
+    def default(self) -> bool: ...
+    @property
+    def default_enabled(self) -> bool: ...
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_db(
+        rule_id: str, priority_class: int, conditions: str, actions: str
+    ) -> "PushRule": ...
+
+class PushRules:
+    def __init__(self, rules: Collection[PushRule]): ...
+    def rules(self) -> Collection[PushRule]: ...
+
+class FilteredPushRules:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        push_rules: PushRules,
+        enabled_map: Dict[str, bool],
+        msc3786_enabled: bool,
+        msc3772_enabled: bool,
+    ): ...
+    def rules(self) -> Collection[Tuple[PushRule, bool]]: ...
+
+def get_base_rule_ids() -> Collection[str]: ...
diff --git a/synapse/_scripts/synapse_port_db.py b/synapse/_scripts/synapse_port_db.py
index 30983c47fb..450ba462ba 100755
--- a/synapse/_scripts/synapse_port_db.py
+++ b/synapse/_scripts/synapse_port_db.py
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ BOOLEAN_COLUMNS = {
     "e2e_fallback_keys_json": ["used"],
     "access_tokens": ["used"],
     "device_lists_changes_in_room": ["converted_to_destinations"],
+    "pushers": ["enabled"],
 }
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py b/synapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py
index b4aeae6dd5..fb1fb83f50 100755
--- a/synapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py
+++ b/synapse/_scripts/update_synapse_database.py
@@ -48,10 +48,13 @@ class MockHomeserver(HomeServer):
 
 
 def run_background_updates(hs: HomeServer) -> None:
-    store = hs.get_datastores().main
+    main = hs.get_datastores().main
+    state = hs.get_datastores().state
 
     async def run_background_updates() -> None:
-        await store.db_pool.updates.run_background_updates(sleep=False)
+        await main.db_pool.updates.run_background_updates(sleep=False)
+        if state:
+            await state.db_pool.updates.run_background_updates(sleep=False)
         # Stop the reactor to exit the script once every background update is run.
         reactor.stop()
 
@@ -97,8 +100,11 @@ def main() -> None:
     # Load, process and sanity-check the config.
     hs_config = yaml.safe_load(args.database_config)
 
-    if "database" not in hs_config:
-        sys.stderr.write("The configuration file must have a 'database' section.\n")
+    if "database" not in hs_config and "databases" not in hs_config:
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "The configuration file must have a 'database' or 'databases' section. "
+            "See https://matrix-org.github.io/synapse/latest/usage/configuration/config_documentation.html#database"
+        )
         sys.exit(4)
 
     config = HomeServerConfig()
diff --git a/synapse/api/errors.py b/synapse/api/errors.py
index e6dea89c6d..1c6b53aa24 100644
--- a/synapse/api/errors.py
+++ b/synapse/api/errors.py
@@ -100,6 +100,12 @@ class Codes(str, Enum):
 
     UNREDACTED_CONTENT_DELETED = "FI.MAU.MSC2815_UNREDACTED_CONTENT_DELETED"
 
+    # Returned for federation requests where we can't process a request as we
+    # can't ensure the sending server is in a room which is partial-stated on
+    # our side.
+    # Part of MSC3895.
+    UNABLE_DUE_TO_PARTIAL_STATE = "ORG.MATRIX.MSC3895_UNABLE_DUE_TO_PARTIAL_STATE"
+
 
 class CodeMessageException(RuntimeError):
     """An exception with integer code and message string attributes.
diff --git a/synapse/app/admin_cmd.py b/synapse/app/admin_cmd.py
index 8a583d3ec6..3c8c00ea5b 100644
--- a/synapse/app/admin_cmd.py
+++ b/synapse/app/admin_cmd.py
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ logger = logging.getLogger("synapse.app.admin_cmd")
 
 class AdminCmdSlavedStore(
     SlavedFilteringStore,
-    SlavedDeviceStore,
     SlavedPushRuleStore,
     SlavedEventStore,
+    SlavedDeviceStore,
     TagsWorkerStore,
     DeviceInboxWorkerStore,
     AccountDataWorkerStore,
diff --git a/synapse/app/complement_fork_starter.py b/synapse/app/complement_fork_starter.py
index 89eb07df27..b22f315453 100644
--- a/synapse/app/complement_fork_starter.py
+++ b/synapse/app/complement_fork_starter.py
@@ -51,11 +51,18 @@ import argparse
 import importlib
 import itertools
 import multiprocessing
+import os
+import signal
 import sys
-from typing import Any, Callable, List
+from types import FrameType
+from typing import Any, Callable, List, Optional
 
 from twisted.internet.main import installReactor
 
+# a list of the original signal handlers, before we installed our custom ones.
+# We restore these in our child processes.
+_original_signal_handlers: dict[int, Any] = {}
+
 
 class ProxiedReactor:
     """
@@ -105,6 +112,11 @@ def _worker_entrypoint(
 
     sys.argv = args
 
+    # reset the custom signal handlers that we installed, so that the children start
+    # from a clean slate.
+    for sig, handler in _original_signal_handlers.items():
+        signal.signal(sig, handler)
+
     from twisted.internet.epollreactor import EPollReactor
 
     proxy_reactor._install_real_reactor(EPollReactor())
@@ -167,13 +179,29 @@ def main() -> None:
     update_proc.join()
     print("===== PREPARED DATABASE =====", file=sys.stderr)
 
+    processes: List[multiprocessing.Process] = []
+
+    # Install signal handlers to propagate signals to all our children, so that they
+    # shut down cleanly. This also inhibits our own exit, but that's good: we want to
+    # wait until the children have exited.
+    def handle_signal(signum: int, frame: Optional[FrameType]) -> None:
+        print(
+            f"complement_fork_starter: Caught signal {signum}. Stopping children.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        for p in processes:
+            if p.pid:
+                os.kill(p.pid, signum)
+
+    for sig in (signal.SIGINT, signal.SIGTERM):
+        _original_signal_handlers[sig] = signal.signal(sig, handle_signal)
+
     # At this point, we've imported all the main entrypoints for all the workers.
     # Now we basically just fork() out to create the workers we need.
     # Because we're using fork(), all the workers get a clone of this launcher's
     # memory space and don't need to repeat the work of loading the code!
     # Instead of using fork() directly, we use the multiprocessing library,
     # which uses fork() on Unix platforms.
-    processes = []
     for (func, worker_args) in zip(worker_functions, args_by_worker):
         process = multiprocessing.Process(
             target=_worker_entrypoint, args=(func, proxy_reactor, worker_args)
diff --git a/synapse/config/experimental.py b/synapse/config/experimental.py
index 702b81e636..933779c23a 100644
--- a/synapse/config/experimental.py
+++ b/synapse/config/experimental.py
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ class ExperimentalConfig(Config):
         # MSC3706 (server-side support for partial state in /send_join responses)
         self.msc3706_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3706_enabled", False)
 
-        # experimental support for faster joins over federation (msc2775, msc3706)
+        # experimental support for faster joins over federation
+        # (MSC2775, MSC3706, MSC3895)
         # requires a target server with msc3706_enabled enabled.
         self.faster_joins_enabled: bool = experimental.get("faster_joins", False)
 
@@ -82,6 +83,8 @@ class ExperimentalConfig(Config):
         # MSC3786 (Add a default push rule to ignore m.room.server_acl events)
         self.msc3786_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3786_enabled", False)
 
+        # MSC3771: Thread read receipts
+        self.msc3771_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3771_enabled", False)
         # MSC3772: A push rule for mutual relations.
         self.msc3772_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3772_enabled", False)
 
@@ -93,3 +96,13 @@ class ExperimentalConfig(Config):
 
         # MSC3852: Expose last seen user agent field on /_matrix/client/v3/devices.
         self.msc3852_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3852_enabled", False)
+
+        # MSC3881: Remotely toggle push notifications for another client
+        self.msc3881_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3881_enabled", False)
+
+        # MSC3882: Allow an existing session to sign in a new session
+        self.msc3882_enabled: bool = experimental.get("msc3882_enabled", False)
+        self.msc3882_ui_auth: bool = experimental.get("msc3882_ui_auth", True)
+        self.msc3882_token_timeout = self.parse_duration(
+            experimental.get("msc3882_token_timeout", "5m")
+        )
diff --git a/synapse/federation/federation_server.py b/synapse/federation/federation_server.py
index 3bf84cf625..907940e19e 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/federation_server.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/federation_server.py
@@ -530,13 +530,10 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
     async def on_room_state_request(
         self, origin: str, room_id: str, event_id: str
     ) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
+        await self._event_auth_handler.assert_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
         origin_host, _ = parse_server_name(origin)
         await self.check_server_matches_acl(origin_host, room_id)
 
-        in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
-        if not in_room:
-            raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
-
         # we grab the linearizer to protect ourselves from servers which hammer
         # us. In theory we might already have the response to this query
         # in the cache so we could return it without waiting for the linearizer
@@ -560,13 +557,10 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
         if not event_id:
             raise NotImplementedError("Specify an event")
 
+        await self._event_auth_handler.assert_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
         origin_host, _ = parse_server_name(origin)
         await self.check_server_matches_acl(origin_host, room_id)
 
-        in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
-        if not in_room:
-            raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
-
         resp = await self._state_ids_resp_cache.wrap(
             (room_id, event_id),
             self._on_state_ids_request_compute,
@@ -955,6 +949,7 @@ class FederationServer(FederationBase):
         self, origin: str, room_id: str, event_id: str
     ) -> Tuple[int, Dict[str, Any]]:
         async with self._server_linearizer.queue((origin, room_id)):
+            await self._event_auth_handler.assert_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
             origin_host, _ = parse_server_name(origin)
             await self.check_server_matches_acl(origin_host, room_id)
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/auth.py b/synapse/handlers/auth.py
index 0327fc57a4..eacd631ee0 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/auth.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/auth.py
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ from synapse.http.server import finish_request, respond_with_html
 from synapse.http.site import SynapseRequest
 from synapse.logging.context import defer_to_thread
 from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
-from synapse.storage.roommember import ProfileInfo
 from synapse.types import JsonDict, Requester, UserID
 from synapse.util import stringutils as stringutils
 from synapse.util.async_helpers import delay_cancellation, maybe_awaitable
@@ -1687,41 +1686,10 @@ class AuthHandler:
             respond_with_html(request, 403, self._sso_account_deactivated_template)
             return
 
-        profile = await self.store.get_profileinfo(
+        user_profile_data = await self.store.get_profileinfo(
             UserID.from_string(registered_user_id).localpart
         )
 
-        self._complete_sso_login(
-            registered_user_id,
-            auth_provider_id,
-            request,
-            client_redirect_url,
-            extra_attributes,
-            new_user=new_user,
-            user_profile_data=profile,
-            auth_provider_session_id=auth_provider_session_id,
-        )
-
-    def _complete_sso_login(
-        self,
-        registered_user_id: str,
-        auth_provider_id: str,
-        request: Request,
-        client_redirect_url: str,
-        extra_attributes: Optional[JsonDict] = None,
-        new_user: bool = False,
-        user_profile_data: Optional[ProfileInfo] = None,
-        auth_provider_session_id: Optional[str] = None,
-    ) -> None:
-        """
-        The synchronous portion of complete_sso_login.
-
-        This exists purely for backwards compatibility of synapse.module_api.ModuleApi.
-        """
-
-        if user_profile_data is None:
-            user_profile_data = ProfileInfo(None, None)
-
         # Store any extra attributes which will be passed in the login response.
         # Note that this is per-user so it may overwrite a previous value, this
         # is considered OK since the newest SSO attributes should be most valid.
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/device.py b/synapse/handlers/device.py
index 901e2310b7..bad262731c 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/device.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/device.py
@@ -195,7 +195,9 @@ class DeviceWorkerHandler:
         possibly_changed = set(changed)
         possibly_left = set()
         for room_id in rooms_changed:
-            current_state_ids = await self._state_storage.get_current_state_ids(room_id)
+            current_state_ids = await self._state_storage.get_current_state_ids(
+                room_id, await_full_state=False
+            )
 
             # The user may have left the room
             # TODO: Check if they actually did or if we were just invited.
@@ -234,7 +236,8 @@ class DeviceWorkerHandler:
 
             # mapping from event_id -> state_dict
             prev_state_ids = await self._state_storage.get_state_ids_for_events(
-                event_ids
+                event_ids,
+                await_full_state=False,
             )
 
             # Check if we've joined the room? If so we just blindly add all the users to
@@ -688,11 +691,15 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
                     # Ignore any users that aren't ours
                     if self.hs.is_mine_id(user_id):
                         hosts = set(
-                            await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_hosts_in_room(
+                            await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_hosts_in_room_or_partial_state_approximation(
                                 room_id
                             )
                         )
                         hosts.discard(self.server_name)
+                        # For rooms with partial state, `hosts` is merely an
+                        # approximation. When we transition to a full state room, we
+                        # will have to send out device list updates to any servers we
+                        # missed.
 
                     # Check if we've already sent this update to some hosts
                     if current_stream_id == stream_id:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/event_auth.py b/synapse/handlers/event_auth.py
index c3ddc5d182..8249ca1ed2 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/event_auth.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/event_auth.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ from synapse.events import EventBase
 from synapse.events.builder import EventBuilder
 from synapse.events.snapshot import EventContext
 from synapse.types import StateMap, get_domain_from_id
-from synapse.util.metrics import Measure
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from synapse.server import HomeServer
@@ -156,9 +155,33 @@ class EventAuthHandler:
             Codes.UNABLE_TO_GRANT_JOIN,
         )
 
-    async def check_host_in_room(self, room_id: str, host: str) -> bool:
-        with Measure(self._clock, "check_host_in_room"):
-            return await self._store.is_host_joined(room_id, host)
+    async def is_host_in_room(self, room_id: str, host: str) -> bool:
+        return await self._store.is_host_joined(room_id, host)
+
+    async def assert_host_in_room(
+        self, room_id: str, host: str, allow_partial_state_rooms: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Asserts that the host is in the room, or raises an AuthError.
+
+        If the room is partial-stated, we raise an AuthError with the
+        UNABLE_DUE_TO_PARTIAL_STATE error code, unless `allow_partial_state_rooms` is true.
+
+        If allow_partial_state_rooms is True and the room is partial-stated,
+        this function may return an incorrect result as we are not able to fully
+        track server membership in a room without full state.
+        """
+        if not allow_partial_state_rooms and await self._store.is_partial_state_room(
+            room_id
+        ):
+            raise AuthError(
+                403,
+                "Unable to authorise you right now; room is partial-stated here.",
+                errcode=Codes.UNABLE_DUE_TO_PARTIAL_STATE,
+            )
+
+        if not await self.is_host_in_room(room_id, host):
+            raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
 
     async def check_restricted_join_rules(
         self,
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/federation.py b/synapse/handlers/federation.py
index dd4b9f66d1..e1a4265a64 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/federation.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/federation.py
@@ -226,9 +226,7 @@ class FederationHandler:
         """
         backwards_extremities = [
             _BackfillPoint(event_id, depth, _BackfillPointType.BACKWARDS_EXTREMITY)
-            for event_id, depth in await self.store.get_oldest_event_ids_with_depth_in_room(
-                room_id
-            )
+            for event_id, depth in await self.store.get_backfill_points_in_room(room_id)
         ]
 
         insertion_events_to_be_backfilled: List[_BackfillPoint] = []
@@ -804,7 +802,7 @@ class FederationHandler:
             )
 
         # now check that we are *still* in the room
-        is_in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
+        is_in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(
             room_id, self.server_name
         )
         if not is_in_room:
@@ -1150,9 +1148,7 @@ class FederationHandler:
     async def on_backfill_request(
         self, origin: str, room_id: str, pdu_list: List[str], limit: int
     ) -> List[EventBase]:
-        in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
-        if not in_room:
-            raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
+        await self._event_auth_handler.assert_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
 
         # Synapse asks for 100 events per backfill request. Do not allow more.
         limit = min(limit, 100)
@@ -1198,21 +1194,17 @@ class FederationHandler:
             event_id, allow_none=True, allow_rejected=True
         )
 
-        if event:
-            in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
-                event.room_id, origin
-            )
-            if not in_room:
-                raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
-
-            events = await filter_events_for_server(
-                self._storage_controllers, origin, [event]
-            )
-            event = events[0]
-            return event
-        else:
+        if not event:
             return None
 
+        await self._event_auth_handler.assert_host_in_room(event.room_id, origin)
+
+        events = await filter_events_for_server(
+            self._storage_controllers, origin, [event]
+        )
+        event = events[0]
+        return event
+
     async def on_get_missing_events(
         self,
         origin: str,
@@ -1221,9 +1213,7 @@ class FederationHandler:
         latest_events: List[str],
         limit: int,
     ) -> List[EventBase]:
-        in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
-        if not in_room:
-            raise AuthError(403, "Host not in room.")
+        await self._event_auth_handler.assert_host_in_room(room_id, origin)
 
         # Only allow up to 20 events to be retrieved per request.
         limit = min(limit, 20)
@@ -1257,7 +1247,7 @@ class FederationHandler:
             "state_key": target_user_id,
         }
 
-        if await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(room_id, self.hs.hostname):
+        if await self._event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(room_id, self.hs.hostname):
             room_version_obj = await self.store.get_room_version(room_id)
             builder = self.event_builder_factory.for_room_version(
                 room_version_obj, event_dict
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/federation_event.py b/synapse/handlers/federation_event.py
index efcdb84057..2d7cde7506 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/federation_event.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/federation_event.py
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ class FederationEventHandler:
         #
         # Note that if we were never in the room then we would have already
         # dropped the event, since we wouldn't know the room version.
-        is_in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
+        is_in_room = await self._event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(
             room_id, self._server_name
         )
         if not is_in_room:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/push_rules.py b/synapse/handlers/push_rules.py
index 2599160bcc..1219672a59 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/push_rules.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/push_rules.py
@@ -16,14 +16,17 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Optional, Union
 import attr
 
 from synapse.api.errors import SynapseError, UnrecognizedRequestError
-from synapse.push.baserules import BASE_RULE_IDS
 from synapse.storage.push_rule import RuleNotFoundException
+from synapse.synapse_rust.push import get_base_rule_ids
 from synapse.types import JsonDict
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from synapse.server import HomeServer
 
 
+BASE_RULE_IDS = get_base_rule_ids()
+
+
 @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
 class RuleSpec:
     scope: str
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/receipts.py b/synapse/handlers/receipts.py
index d2bdb9c8be..4768a34c07 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/receipts.py
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ class ReceiptsHandler:
         self.clock = self.hs.get_clock()
         self.state = hs.get_state_handler()
 
+        self._msc3771_enabled = hs.config.experimental.msc3771_enabled
+
     async def _received_remote_receipt(self, origin: str, content: JsonDict) -> None:
         """Called when we receive an EDU of type m.receipt from a remote HS."""
         receipts = []
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ class ReceiptsHandler:
             # If we're not in the room just ditch the event entirely. This is
             # probably an old server that has come back and thinks we're still in
             # the room (or we've been rejoined to the room by a state reset).
-            is_in_room = await self.event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
+            is_in_room = await self.event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(
                 room_id, self.server_name
             )
             if not is_in_room:
@@ -91,13 +93,23 @@ class ReceiptsHandler:
                         )
                         continue
 
+                    # Check if these receipts apply to a thread.
+                    thread_id = None
+                    data = user_values.get("data", {})
+                    if self._msc3771_enabled and isinstance(data, dict):
+                        thread_id = data.get("thread_id")
+                        # If the thread ID is invalid, consider it missing.
+                        if not isinstance(thread_id, str):
+                            thread_id = None
+
                     receipts.append(
                         ReadReceipt(
                             room_id=room_id,
                             receipt_type=receipt_type,
                             user_id=user_id,
                             event_ids=user_values["event_ids"],
-                            data=user_values.get("data", {}),
+                            thread_id=thread_id,
+                            data=data,
                         )
                     )
 
@@ -114,6 +126,7 @@ class ReceiptsHandler:
                 receipt.receipt_type,
                 receipt.user_id,
                 receipt.event_ids,
+                receipt.thread_id,
                 receipt.data,
             )
 
@@ -146,7 +159,12 @@ class ReceiptsHandler:
         return True
 
     async def received_client_receipt(
-        self, room_id: str, receipt_type: str, user_id: str, event_id: str
+        self,
+        room_id: str,
+        receipt_type: str,
+        user_id: str,
+        event_id: str,
+        thread_id: Optional[str],
     ) -> None:
         """Called when a client tells us a local user has read up to the given
         event_id in the room.
@@ -156,6 +174,7 @@ class ReceiptsHandler:
             receipt_type=receipt_type,
             user_id=user_id,
             event_ids=[event_id],
+            thread_id=thread_id,
             data={"ts": int(self.clock.time_msec())},
         )
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/register.py b/synapse/handlers/register.py
index 20ec22105a..cfcadb34db 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/register.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/register.py
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ class RegistrationHandler:
             assert user_tuple
             token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
-            await self.pusher_pool.add_pusher(
+            await self.pusher_pool.add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="email",
@@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ class RegistrationHandler:
                 app_display_name="Email Notifications",
                 device_display_name=threepid["address"],
                 pushkey=threepid["address"],
-                lang=None,  # We don't know a user's language here
+                lang=None,
                 data={},
             )
 
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/room_summary.py b/synapse/handlers/room_summary.py
index ebd445adca..8d08625237 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/room_summary.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/room_summary.py
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ class RoomSummaryHandler:
         # If this is a request over federation, check if the host is in the room or
         # has a user who could join the room.
         elif origin:
-            if await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
+            if await self._event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(
                 room_id, origin
             ) or await self._store.is_host_invited(room_id, origin):
                 return True
@@ -624,9 +624,7 @@ class RoomSummaryHandler:
                     await self._event_auth_handler.get_rooms_that_allow_join(state_ids)
                 )
                 for space_id in allowed_rooms:
-                    if await self._event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
-                        space_id, origin
-                    ):
+                    if await self._event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(space_id, origin):
                         return True
 
         logger.info(
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/sso.py b/synapse/handlers/sso.py
index 1e171f3f71..6bc1cbd787 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/sso.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/sso.py
@@ -128,6 +128,9 @@ class SsoIdentityProvider(Protocol):
 
 @attr.s(auto_attribs=True)
 class UserAttributes:
+    # NB: This struct is documented in docs/sso_mapping_providers.md so that users can
+    # populate it with data from their own mapping providers.
+
     # the localpart of the mxid that the mapper has assigned to the user.
     # if `None`, the mapper has not picked a userid, and the user should be prompted to
     # enter one.
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/sync.py b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
index 5293fa4d0e..e75fc6b947 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/sync.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
@@ -1191,7 +1191,9 @@ class SyncHandler:
             room_id: The partial state room to find the remaining memberships for.
             members_to_fetch: The memberships to find.
             events_with_membership_auth: A mapping from user IDs to events whose auth
-                events are known to contain their membership.
+                events would contain their prior membership, if one exists.
+                Note that join events will not cite a prior membership if a user has
+                never been in a room before.
             found_state_ids: A dict from (type, state_key) -> state_event_id, containing
                 memberships that have been previously found. Entries in
                 `members_to_fetch` that have a membership in `found_state_ids` are
@@ -1201,6 +1203,10 @@ class SyncHandler:
             A dict from ("m.room.member", state_key) -> state_event_id, containing the
             memberships missing from `found_state_ids`.
 
+            When `events_with_membership_auth` contains a join event for a given user
+            which does not cite a prior membership, no membership is returned for that
+            user.
+
         Raises:
             KeyError: if `events_with_membership_auth` does not have an entry for a
                 missing membership. Memberships in `found_state_ids` do not need an
@@ -1218,8 +1224,18 @@ class SyncHandler:
             if (EventTypes.Member, member) in found_state_ids:
                 continue
 
-            missing_members.add(member)
             event_with_membership_auth = events_with_membership_auth[member]
+            is_join = (
+                event_with_membership_auth.is_state()
+                and event_with_membership_auth.type == EventTypes.Member
+                and event_with_membership_auth.state_key == member
+                and event_with_membership_auth.content.get("membership")
+                == Membership.JOIN
+            )
+            if not is_join:
+                # The event must include the desired membership as an auth event, unless
+                # it's the first join event for a given user.
+                missing_members.add(member)
             auth_event_ids.update(event_with_membership_auth.auth_event_ids())
 
         auth_events = await self.store.get_events(auth_event_ids)
@@ -1243,7 +1259,7 @@ class SyncHandler:
                     auth_event.type == EventTypes.Member
                     and auth_event.state_key == member
                 ):
-                    missing_members.remove(member)
+                    missing_members.discard(member)
                     additional_state_ids[
                         (EventTypes.Member, member)
                     ] = auth_event.event_id
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/typing.py b/synapse/handlers/typing.py
index a4cd8b8f0c..f953691669 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/typing.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/typing.py
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ class TypingWriterHandler(FollowerTypingHandler):
         # If we're not in the room just ditch the event entirely. This is
         # probably an old server that has come back and thinks we're still in
         # the room (or we've been rejoined to the room by a state reset).
-        is_in_room = await self.event_auth_handler.check_host_in_room(
+        is_in_room = await self.event_auth_handler.is_host_in_room(
             room_id, self.server_name
         )
         if not is_in_room:
@@ -362,11 +362,14 @@ class TypingWriterHandler(FollowerTypingHandler):
             )
             return
 
-        domains = await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_hosts_in_room(
+        # Let's check that the origin server is in the room before accepting the typing
+        # event. We don't want to block waiting on a partial state so take an
+        # approximation if needed.
+        domains = await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_hosts_in_room_or_partial_state_approximation(
             room_id
         )
 
-        if self.server_name in domains:
+        if user.domain in domains:
             logger.info("Got typing update from %s: %r", user_id, content)
             now = self.clock.time_msec()
             self._member_typing_until[member] = now + FEDERATION_TIMEOUT
diff --git a/synapse/http/proxyagent.py b/synapse/http/proxyagent.py
index b2a50c9105..1f8227896f 100644
--- a/synapse/http/proxyagent.py
+++ b/synapse/http/proxyagent.py
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ from twisted.web.error import SchemeNotSupported
 from twisted.web.http_headers import Headers
 from twisted.web.iweb import IAgent, IBodyProducer, IPolicyForHTTPS
 
+from synapse.http import redact_uri
 from synapse.http.connectproxyclient import HTTPConnectProxyEndpoint, ProxyCredentials
 from synapse.types import ISynapseReactor
 
@@ -220,7 +221,11 @@ class ProxyAgent(_AgentBase):
                 self._reactor, parsed_uri.host, parsed_uri.port, **self._endpoint_kwargs
             )
 
-        logger.debug("Requesting %s via %s", uri, endpoint)
+        logger.debug(
+            "Requesting %s via %s",
+            redact_uri(uri.decode("ascii", errors="replace")),
+            endpoint,
+        )
 
         if parsed_uri.scheme == b"https":
             tls_connection_creator = self._policy_for_https.creatorForNetloc(
diff --git a/synapse/http/server.py b/synapse/http/server.py
index 6068a94b40..bcbfac2c9f 100644
--- a/synapse/http/server.py
+++ b/synapse/http/server.py
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ class _ByteProducer:
         self._request = None
 
 
-def _encode_json_bytes(json_object: Any) -> bytes:
+def _encode_json_bytes(json_object: object) -> bytes:
     """
     Encode an object into JSON. Returns an iterator of bytes.
     """
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ def respond_with_json(
         return None
 
     if canonical_json:
-        encoder = encode_canonical_json
+        encoder: Callable[[object], bytes] = encode_canonical_json
     else:
         encoder = _encode_json_bytes
 
diff --git a/synapse/module_api/__init__.py b/synapse/module_api/__init__.py
index 87ba154cb7..59755bff6d 100644
--- a/synapse/module_api/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/module_api/__init__.py
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ from synapse.types import (
 )
 from synapse.util import Clock
 from synapse.util.async_helpers import maybe_awaitable
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import CachedFunction, cached
 from synapse.util.frozenutils import freeze
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -836,29 +836,35 @@ class ModuleApi:
             self._store.db_pool.runInteraction(desc, func, *args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         )
 
-    def complete_sso_login(
-        self, registered_user_id: str, request: SynapseRequest, client_redirect_url: str
-    ) -> None:
-        """Complete a SSO login by redirecting the user to a page to confirm whether they
-        want their access token sent to `client_redirect_url`, or redirect them to that
-        URL with a token directly if the URL matches with one of the whitelisted clients.
+    def register_cached_function(self, cached_func: CachedFunction) -> None:
+        """Register a cached function that should be invalidated across workers.
+        Invalidation local to a worker can be done directly using `cached_func.invalidate`,
+        however invalidation that needs to go to other workers needs to call `invalidate_cache`
+        on the module API instead.
 
-        This is deprecated in favor of complete_sso_login_async.
+        Args:
+            cached_function: The cached function that will be registered to receive invalidation
+            locally and from other workers.
+        """
+        self._store.register_external_cached_function(
+            f"{cached_func.__module__}.{cached_func.__name__}", cached_func
+        )
 
-        Added in Synapse v1.11.1.
+    async def invalidate_cache(
+        self, cached_func: CachedFunction, keys: Tuple[Any, ...]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Invalidate a cache entry of a cached function across workers. The cached function
+        needs to be registered on all workers first with `register_cached_function`.
 
         Args:
-            registered_user_id: The MXID that has been registered as a previous step of
-                of this SSO login.
-            request: The request to respond to.
-            client_redirect_url: The URL to which to offer to redirect the user (or to
-                redirect them directly if whitelisted).
-        """
-        self._auth_handler._complete_sso_login(
-            registered_user_id,
-            "<unknown>",
-            request,
-            client_redirect_url,
+            cached_function: The cached function that needs an invalidation
+            keys: keys of the entry to invalidate, usually matching the arguments of the
+            cached function.
+        """
+        cached_func.invalidate(keys)
+        await self._store.send_invalidation_to_replication(
+            f"{cached_func.__module__}.{cached_func.__name__}",
+            keys,
         )
 
     async def complete_sso_login_async(
diff --git a/synapse/push/__init__.py b/synapse/push/__init__.py
index 57c4d70466..a0c760239d 100644
--- a/synapse/push/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/push/__init__.py
@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ class PusherConfig:
     last_stream_ordering: int
     last_success: Optional[int]
     failing_since: Optional[int]
+    enabled: bool
+    device_id: Optional[str]
 
     def as_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Information that can be retrieved about a pusher after creation."""
@@ -128,6 +130,8 @@ class PusherConfig:
             "lang": self.lang,
             "profile_tag": self.profile_tag,
             "pushkey": self.pushkey,
+            "enabled": self.enabled,
+            "device_id": self.device_id,
         }
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/push/baserules.py b/synapse/push/baserules.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 440205e80c..0000000000
--- a/synapse/push/baserules.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,583 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2015, 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
-# Copyright 2017 New Vector Ltd
-# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-"""
-Push rules is the system used to determine which events trigger a push (and a
-bump in notification counts).
-
-This consists of a list of "push rules" for each user, where a push rule is a
-pair of "conditions" and "actions". When a user receives an event Synapse
-iterates over the list of push rules until it finds one where all the conditions
-match the event, at which point "actions" describe the outcome (e.g. notify,
-highlight, etc).
-
-Push rules are split up into 5 different "kinds" (aka "priority classes"), which
-are run in order:
-    1. Override — highest priority rules, e.g. always ignore notices
-    2. Content — content specific rules, e.g. @ notifications
-    3. Room — per room rules, e.g. enable/disable notifications for all messages
-       in a room
-    4. Sender — per sender rules, e.g. never notify for messages from a given
-       user
-    5. Underride — the lowest priority "default" rules, e.g. notify for every
-       message.
-
-The set of "base rules" are the list of rules that every user has by default. A
-user can modify their copy of the push rules in one of three ways:
-
-    1. Adding a new push rule of a certain kind
-    2. Changing the actions of a base rule
-    3. Enabling/disabling a base rule.
-
-The base rules are split into whether they come before or after a particular
-kind, so the order of push rule evaluation would be: base rules for before
-"override" kind, user defined "override" rules, base rules after "override"
-kind, etc, etc.
-"""
-
-import itertools
-import logging
-from typing import Dict, Iterator, List, Mapping, Sequence, Tuple, Union
-
-import attr
-
-from synapse.config.experimental import ExperimentalConfig
-from synapse.push.rulekinds import PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-@attr.s(auto_attribs=True, slots=True, frozen=True)
-class PushRule:
-    """A push rule
-
-    Attributes:
-        rule_id: a unique ID for this rule
-        priority_class: what "kind" of push rule this is (see
-            `PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP` for mapping between int and kind)
-        conditions: the sequence of conditions that all need to match
-        actions: the actions to apply if all conditions are met
-        default: is this a base rule?
-        default_enabled: is this enabled by default?
-    """
-
-    rule_id: str
-    priority_class: int
-    conditions: Sequence[Mapping[str, str]]
-    actions: Sequence[Union[str, Mapping]]
-    default: bool = False
-    default_enabled: bool = True
-
-
-@attr.s(auto_attribs=True, slots=True, frozen=True, weakref_slot=False)
-class PushRules:
-    """A collection of push rules for an account.
-
-    Can be iterated over, producing push rules in priority order.
-    """
-
-    # A mapping from rule ID to push rule that overrides a base rule. These will
-    # be returned instead of the base rule.
-    overriden_base_rules: Dict[str, PushRule] = attr.Factory(dict)
-
-    # The following stores the custom push rules at each priority class.
-    #
-    # We keep these separate (rather than combining into one big list) to avoid
-    # copying the base rules around all the time.
-    override: List[PushRule] = attr.Factory(list)
-    content: List[PushRule] = attr.Factory(list)
-    room: List[PushRule] = attr.Factory(list)
-    sender: List[PushRule] = attr.Factory(list)
-    underride: List[PushRule] = attr.Factory(list)
-
-    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[PushRule]:
-        # When iterating over the push rules we need to return the base rules
-        # interspersed at the correct spots.
-        for rule in itertools.chain(
-            BASE_PREPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES,
-            self.override,
-            BASE_APPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES,
-            self.content,
-            BASE_APPEND_CONTENT_RULES,
-            self.room,
-            self.sender,
-            self.underride,
-            BASE_APPEND_UNDERRIDE_RULES,
-        ):
-            # Check if a base rule has been overriden by a custom rule. If so
-            # return that instead.
-            override_rule = self.overriden_base_rules.get(rule.rule_id)
-            if override_rule:
-                yield override_rule
-            else:
-                yield rule
-
-    def __len__(self) -> int:
-        # The length is mostly used by caches to get a sense of "size" / amount
-        # of memory this object is using, so we only count the number of custom
-        # rules.
-        return (
-            len(self.overriden_base_rules)
-            + len(self.override)
-            + len(self.content)
-            + len(self.room)
-            + len(self.sender)
-            + len(self.underride)
-        )
-
-
-@attr.s(auto_attribs=True, slots=True, frozen=True, weakref_slot=False)
-class FilteredPushRules:
-    """A wrapper around `PushRules` that filters out disabled experimental push
-    rules, and includes the "enabled" state for each rule when iterated over.
-    """
-
-    push_rules: PushRules
-    enabled_map: Dict[str, bool]
-    experimental_config: ExperimentalConfig
-
-    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[PushRule, bool]]:
-        for rule in self.push_rules:
-            if not _is_experimental_rule_enabled(
-                rule.rule_id, self.experimental_config
-            ):
-                continue
-
-            enabled = self.enabled_map.get(rule.rule_id, rule.default_enabled)
-
-            yield rule, enabled
-
-    def __len__(self) -> int:
-        return len(self.push_rules)
-
-
-DEFAULT_EMPTY_PUSH_RULES = PushRules()
-
-
-def compile_push_rules(rawrules: List[PushRule]) -> PushRules:
-    """Given a set of custom push rules return a `PushRules` instance (which
-    includes the base rules).
-    """
-
-    if not rawrules:
-        # Fast path to avoid allocating empty lists when there are no custom
-        # rules for the user.
-        return DEFAULT_EMPTY_PUSH_RULES
-
-    rules = PushRules()
-
-    for rule in rawrules:
-        # We need to decide which bucket each custom push rule goes into.
-
-        # If it has the same ID as a base rule then it overrides that...
-        overriden_base_rule = BASE_RULES_BY_ID.get(rule.rule_id)
-        if overriden_base_rule:
-            rules.overriden_base_rules[rule.rule_id] = attr.evolve(
-                overriden_base_rule, actions=rule.actions
-            )
-            continue
-
-        # ... otherwise it gets added to the appropriate priority class bucket
-        collection: List[PushRule]
-        if rule.priority_class == 5:
-            collection = rules.override
-        elif rule.priority_class == 4:
-            collection = rules.content
-        elif rule.priority_class == 3:
-            collection = rules.room
-        elif rule.priority_class == 2:
-            collection = rules.sender
-        elif rule.priority_class == 1:
-            collection = rules.underride
-        elif rule.priority_class <= 0:
-            logger.info(
-                "Got rule with priority class less than zero, but doesn't override a base rule: %s",
-                rule,
-            )
-            continue
-        else:
-            # We log and continue here so as not to break event sending
-            logger.error("Unknown priority class: %", rule.priority_class)
-            continue
-
-        collection.append(rule)
-
-    return rules
-
-
-def _is_experimental_rule_enabled(
-    rule_id: str, experimental_config: ExperimentalConfig
-) -> bool:
-    """Used by `FilteredPushRules` to filter out experimental rules when they
-    have not been enabled.
-    """
-    if (
-        rule_id == "global/override/.org.matrix.msc3786.rule.room.server_acl"
-        and not experimental_config.msc3786_enabled
-    ):
-        return False
-    if (
-        rule_id == "global/underride/.org.matrix.msc3772.thread_reply"
-        and not experimental_config.msc3772_enabled
-    ):
-        return False
-    return True
-
-
-BASE_APPEND_CONTENT_RULES = [
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["content"],
-        rule_id="global/content/.m.rule.contains_user_name",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "content.body",
-                # Match the localpart of the requester's MXID.
-                "pattern_type": "user_localpart",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=[
-            "notify",
-            {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"},
-            {"set_tweak": "highlight"},
-        ],
-    )
-]
-
-
-BASE_PREPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES = [
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.master",
-        default_enabled=False,
-        conditions=[],
-        actions=["dont_notify"],
-    )
-]
-
-
-BASE_APPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES = [
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.suppress_notices",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "content.msgtype",
-                "pattern": "m.notice",
-                "_cache_key": "_suppress_notices",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=["dont_notify"],
-    ),
-    # NB. .m.rule.invite_for_me must be higher prio than .m.rule.member_event
-    # otherwise invites will be matched by .m.rule.member_event
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.invite_for_me",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.member",
-                "_cache_key": "_member",
-            },
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "content.membership",
-                "pattern": "invite",
-                "_cache_key": "_invite_member",
-            },
-            # Match the requester's MXID.
-            {"kind": "event_match", "key": "state_key", "pattern_type": "user_id"},
-        ],
-        actions=[
-            "notify",
-            {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"},
-            {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False},
-        ],
-    ),
-    # Will we sometimes want to know about people joining and leaving?
-    # Perhaps: if so, this could be expanded upon. Seems the most usual case
-    # is that we don't though. We add this override rule so that even if
-    # the room rule is set to notify, we don't get notifications about
-    # join/leave/avatar/displayname events.
-    # See also: https://matrix.org/jira/browse/SYN-607
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.member_event",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.member",
-                "_cache_key": "_member",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=["dont_notify"],
-    ),
-    # This was changed from underride to override so it's closer in priority
-    # to the content rules where the user name highlight rule lives. This
-    # way a room rule is lower priority than both but a custom override rule
-    # is higher priority than both.
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.contains_display_name",
-        conditions=[{"kind": "contains_display_name"}],
-        actions=[
-            "notify",
-            {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"},
-            {"set_tweak": "highlight"},
-        ],
-    ),
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.roomnotif",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "content.body",
-                "pattern": "@room",
-                "_cache_key": "_roomnotif_content",
-            },
-            {
-                "kind": "sender_notification_permission",
-                "key": "room",
-                "_cache_key": "_roomnotif_pl",
-            },
-        ],
-        actions=["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": True}],
-    ),
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.tombstone",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.tombstone",
-                "_cache_key": "_tombstone",
-            },
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "state_key",
-                "pattern": "",
-                "_cache_key": "_tombstone_statekey",
-            },
-        ],
-        actions=["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": True}],
-    ),
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.m.rule.reaction",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.reaction",
-                "_cache_key": "_reaction",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=["dont_notify"],
-    ),
-    # XXX: This is an experimental rule that is only enabled if msc3786_enabled
-    # is enabled, if it is not the rule gets filtered out in _load_rules() in
-    # PushRulesWorkerStore
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["override"],
-        rule_id="global/override/.org.matrix.msc3786.rule.room.server_acl",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.server_acl",
-                "_cache_key": "_room_server_acl",
-            },
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "state_key",
-                "pattern": "",
-                "_cache_key": "_room_server_acl_state_key",
-            },
-        ],
-        actions=[],
-    ),
-]
-
-
-BASE_APPEND_UNDERRIDE_RULES = [
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.m.rule.call",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.call.invite",
-                "_cache_key": "_call",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=[
-            "notify",
-            {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "ring"},
-            {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False},
-        ],
-    ),
-    # XXX: once m.direct is standardised everywhere, we should use it to detect
-    # a DM from the user's perspective rather than this heuristic.
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.m.rule.room_one_to_one",
-        conditions=[
-            {"kind": "room_member_count", "is": "2", "_cache_key": "member_count"},
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.message",
-                "_cache_key": "_message",
-            },
-        ],
-        actions=[
-            "notify",
-            {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"},
-            {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False},
-        ],
-    ),
-    # XXX: this is going to fire for events which aren't m.room.messages
-    # but are encrypted (e.g. m.call.*)...
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.m.rule.encrypted_room_one_to_one",
-        conditions=[
-            {"kind": "room_member_count", "is": "2", "_cache_key": "member_count"},
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.encrypted",
-                "_cache_key": "_encrypted",
-            },
-        ],
-        actions=[
-            "notify",
-            {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"},
-            {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False},
-        ],
-    ),
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.org.matrix.msc3772.thread_reply",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "org.matrix.msc3772.relation_match",
-                "rel_type": "m.thread",
-                # Match the requester's MXID.
-                "sender_type": "user_id",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False}],
-    ),
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.m.rule.message",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.message",
-                "_cache_key": "_message",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False}],
-    ),
-    # XXX: this is going to fire for events which aren't m.room.messages
-    # but are encrypted (e.g. m.call.*)...
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.m.rule.encrypted",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "m.room.encrypted",
-                "_cache_key": "_encrypted",
-            }
-        ],
-        actions=["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False}],
-    ),
-    PushRule(
-        default=True,
-        priority_class=PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP["underride"],
-        rule_id="global/underride/.im.vector.jitsi",
-        conditions=[
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "type",
-                "pattern": "im.vector.modular.widgets",
-                "_cache_key": "_type_modular_widgets",
-            },
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "content.type",
-                "pattern": "jitsi",
-                "_cache_key": "_content_type_jitsi",
-            },
-            {
-                "kind": "event_match",
-                "key": "state_key",
-                "pattern": "*",
-                "_cache_key": "_is_state_event",
-            },
-        ],
-        actions=["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False}],
-    ),
-]
-
-
-BASE_RULE_IDS = set()
-
-BASE_RULES_BY_ID: Dict[str, PushRule] = {}
-
-for r in BASE_APPEND_CONTENT_RULES:
-    BASE_RULE_IDS.add(r.rule_id)
-    BASE_RULES_BY_ID[r.rule_id] = r
-
-for r in BASE_PREPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES:
-    BASE_RULE_IDS.add(r.rule_id)
-    BASE_RULES_BY_ID[r.rule_id] = r
-
-for r in BASE_APPEND_OVERRIDE_RULES:
-    BASE_RULE_IDS.add(r.rule_id)
-    BASE_RULES_BY_ID[r.rule_id] = r
-
-for r in BASE_APPEND_UNDERRIDE_RULES:
-    BASE_RULE_IDS.add(r.rule_id)
-    BASE_RULES_BY_ID[r.rule_id] = r
diff --git a/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py b/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py
index 3846fbc5f0..404379ef67 100644
--- a/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py
+++ b/synapse/push/bulk_push_rule_evaluator.py
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ from synapse.events.snapshot import EventContext
 from synapse.state import POWER_KEY
 from synapse.storage.databases.main.roommember import EventIdMembership
 from synapse.storage.state import StateFilter
+from synapse.synapse_rust.push import FilteredPushRules, PushRule
 from synapse.util.caches import register_cache
 from synapse.util.metrics import measure_func
 from synapse.visibility import filter_event_for_clients_with_state
 
-from .baserules import FilteredPushRules, PushRule
 from .push_rule_evaluator import PushRuleEvaluatorForEvent
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -280,7 +280,8 @@ class BulkPushRuleEvaluator:
         thread_id = "main"
         if relation:
             relations = await self._get_mutual_relations(
-                relation.parent_id, itertools.chain(*rules_by_user.values())
+                relation.parent_id,
+                itertools.chain(*(r.rules() for r in rules_by_user.values())),
             )
             if relation.rel_type == RelationTypes.THREAD:
                 thread_id = relation.parent_id
@@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ class BulkPushRuleEvaluator:
                 # current user, it'll be added to the dict later.
                 actions_by_user[uid] = []
 
-            for rule, enabled in rules:
+            for rule, enabled in rules.rules():
                 if not enabled:
                     continue
 
diff --git a/synapse/push/clientformat.py b/synapse/push/clientformat.py
index 73618d9234..ebc13beda1 100644
--- a/synapse/push/clientformat.py
+++ b/synapse/push/clientformat.py
@@ -16,10 +16,9 @@ import copy
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
 from synapse.push.rulekinds import PRIORITY_CLASS_INVERSE_MAP, PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP
+from synapse.synapse_rust.push import FilteredPushRules, PushRule
 from synapse.types import UserID
 
-from .baserules import FilteredPushRules, PushRule
-
 
 def format_push_rules_for_user(
     user: UserID, ruleslist: FilteredPushRules
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ def format_push_rules_for_user(
 
     rules["global"] = _add_empty_priority_class_arrays(rules["global"])
 
-    for r, enabled in ruleslist:
+    for r, enabled in ruleslist.rules():
         template_name = _priority_class_to_template_name(r.priority_class)
 
         rulearray = rules["global"][template_name]
diff --git a/synapse/push/pusherpool.py b/synapse/push/pusherpool.py
index 1e0ef44fc7..e2648cbc93 100644
--- a/synapse/push/pusherpool.py
+++ b/synapse/push/pusherpool.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class PusherPool:
             return
         run_as_background_process("start_pushers", self._start_pushers)
 
-    async def add_pusher(
+    async def add_or_update_pusher(
         self,
         user_id: str,
         access_token: Optional[int],
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ class PusherPool:
         lang: Optional[str],
         data: JsonDict,
         profile_tag: str = "",
+        enabled: bool = True,
+        device_id: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> Optional[Pusher]:
         """Creates a new pusher and adds it to the pool
 
@@ -147,9 +149,22 @@ class PusherPool:
                 last_stream_ordering=last_stream_ordering,
                 last_success=None,
                 failing_since=None,
+                enabled=enabled,
+                device_id=device_id,
             )
         )
 
+        # Before we actually persist the pusher, we check if the user already has one
+        # this app ID and pushkey. If so, we want to keep the access token and device ID
+        # in place, since this could be one device modifying (e.g. enabling/disabling)
+        # another device's pusher.
+        existing_config = await self._get_pusher_config_for_user_by_app_id_and_pushkey(
+            user_id, app_id, pushkey
+        )
+        if existing_config:
+            access_token = existing_config.access_token
+            device_id = existing_config.device_id
+
         await self.store.add_pusher(
             user_id=user_id,
             access_token=access_token,
@@ -163,8 +178,10 @@ class PusherPool:
             data=data,
             last_stream_ordering=last_stream_ordering,
             profile_tag=profile_tag,
+            enabled=enabled,
+            device_id=device_id,
         )
-        pusher = await self.start_pusher_by_id(app_id, pushkey, user_id)
+        pusher = await self.process_pusher_change_by_id(app_id, pushkey, user_id)
 
         return pusher
 
@@ -276,10 +293,25 @@ class PusherPool:
         except Exception:
             logger.exception("Exception in pusher on_new_receipts")
 
-    async def start_pusher_by_id(
+    async def _get_pusher_config_for_user_by_app_id_and_pushkey(
+        self, user_id: str, app_id: str, pushkey: str
+    ) -> Optional[PusherConfig]:
+        resultlist = await self.store.get_pushers_by_app_id_and_pushkey(app_id, pushkey)
+
+        pusher_config = None
+        for r in resultlist:
+            if r.user_name == user_id:
+                pusher_config = r
+
+        return pusher_config
+
+    async def process_pusher_change_by_id(
         self, app_id: str, pushkey: str, user_id: str
     ) -> Optional[Pusher]:
-        """Look up the details for the given pusher, and start it
+        """Look up the details for the given pusher, and either start it if its
+        "enabled" flag is True, or try to stop it otherwise.
+
+        If the pusher is new and its "enabled" flag is False, the stop is a noop.
 
         Returns:
             The pusher started, if any
@@ -290,12 +322,13 @@ class PusherPool:
         if not self._pusher_shard_config.should_handle(self._instance_name, user_id):
             return None
 
-        resultlist = await self.store.get_pushers_by_app_id_and_pushkey(app_id, pushkey)
+        pusher_config = await self._get_pusher_config_for_user_by_app_id_and_pushkey(
+            user_id, app_id, pushkey
+        )
 
-        pusher_config = None
-        for r in resultlist:
-            if r.user_name == user_id:
-                pusher_config = r
+        if pusher_config and not pusher_config.enabled:
+            self.maybe_stop_pusher(app_id, pushkey, user_id)
+            return None
 
         pusher = None
         if pusher_config:
@@ -305,7 +338,7 @@ class PusherPool:
 
     async def _start_pushers(self) -> None:
         """Start all the pushers"""
-        pushers = await self.store.get_all_pushers()
+        pushers = await self.store.get_enabled_pushers()
 
         # Stagger starting up the pushers so we don't completely drown the
         # process on start up.
@@ -363,6 +396,8 @@ class PusherPool:
 
         synapse_pushers.labels(type(pusher).__name__, pusher.app_id).inc()
 
+        logger.info("Starting pusher %s / %s", pusher.user_id, appid_pushkey)
+
         # Check if there *may* be push to process. We do this as this check is a
         # lot cheaper to do than actually fetching the exact rows we need to
         # push.
@@ -382,16 +417,7 @@ class PusherPool:
         return pusher
 
     async def remove_pusher(self, app_id: str, pushkey: str, user_id: str) -> None:
-        appid_pushkey = "%s:%s" % (app_id, pushkey)
-
-        byuser = self.pushers.get(user_id, {})
-
-        if appid_pushkey in byuser:
-            logger.info("Stopping pusher %s / %s", user_id, appid_pushkey)
-            pusher = byuser.pop(appid_pushkey)
-            pusher.on_stop()
-
-            synapse_pushers.labels(type(pusher).__name__, pusher.app_id).dec()
+        self.maybe_stop_pusher(app_id, pushkey, user_id)
 
         # We can only delete pushers on master.
         if self._remove_pusher_client:
@@ -402,3 +428,22 @@ class PusherPool:
             await self.store.delete_pusher_by_app_id_pushkey_user_id(
                 app_id, pushkey, user_id
             )
+
+    def maybe_stop_pusher(self, app_id: str, pushkey: str, user_id: str) -> None:
+        """Stops a pusher with the given app ID and push key if one is running.
+
+        Args:
+            app_id: the pusher's app ID.
+            pushkey: the pusher's push key.
+            user_id: the user the pusher belongs to. Only used for logging.
+        """
+        appid_pushkey = "%s:%s" % (app_id, pushkey)
+
+        byuser = self.pushers.get(user_id, {})
+
+        if appid_pushkey in byuser:
+            logger.info("Stopping pusher %s / %s", user_id, appid_pushkey)
+            pusher = byuser.pop(appid_pushkey)
+            pusher.on_stop()
+
+            synapse_pushers.labels(type(pusher).__name__, pusher.app_id).dec()
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/client.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/client.py
index e4f2201c92..b2522f98ca 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/client.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/client.py
@@ -189,7 +189,9 @@ class ReplicationDataHandler:
                 if row.deleted:
                     self.stop_pusher(row.user_id, row.app_id, row.pushkey)
                 else:
-                    await self.start_pusher(row.user_id, row.app_id, row.pushkey)
+                    await self.process_pusher_change(
+                        row.user_id, row.app_id, row.pushkey
+                    )
         elif stream_name == EventsStream.NAME:
             # We shouldn't get multiple rows per token for events stream, so
             # we don't need to optimise this for multiple rows.
@@ -334,13 +336,15 @@ class ReplicationDataHandler:
         logger.info("Stopping pusher %r / %r", user_id, key)
         pusher.on_stop()
 
-    async def start_pusher(self, user_id: str, app_id: str, pushkey: str) -> None:
+    async def process_pusher_change(
+        self, user_id: str, app_id: str, pushkey: str
+    ) -> None:
         if not self._notify_pushers:
             return
 
         key = "%s:%s" % (app_id, pushkey)
         logger.info("Starting pusher %r / %r", user_id, key)
-        await self._pusher_pool.start_pusher_by_id(app_id, pushkey, user_id)
+        await self._pusher_pool.process_pusher_change_by_id(app_id, pushkey, user_id)
 
 
 class FederationSenderHandler:
@@ -423,7 +427,8 @@ class FederationSenderHandler:
                 receipt.receipt_type,
                 receipt.user_id,
                 [receipt.event_id],
-                receipt.data,
+                thread_id=receipt.thread_id,
+                data=receipt.data,
             )
             await self.federation_sender.send_read_receipt(receipt_info)
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py b/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py
index 398bebeaa6..e01155ad59 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/tcp/streams/_base.py
@@ -361,6 +361,7 @@ class ReceiptsStream(Stream):
         receipt_type: str
         user_id: str
         event_id: str
+        thread_id: Optional[str]
         data: dict
 
     NAME = "receipts"
diff --git a/synapse/rest/__init__.py b/synapse/rest/__init__.py
index b712215112..9a2ab99ede 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/__init__.py
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ from synapse.rest.client import (
     keys,
     knock,
     login as v1_login,
+    login_token_request,
     logout,
     mutual_rooms,
     notifications,
@@ -130,3 +131,4 @@ class ClientRestResource(JsonResource):
 
         # unstable
         mutual_rooms.register_servlets(hs, client_resource)
+        login_token_request.register_servlets(hs, client_resource)
diff --git a/synapse/rest/admin/users.py b/synapse/rest/admin/users.py
index 2ca6b2d08a..1274773d7e 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/admin/users.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/admin/users.py
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ class UserRestServletV2(RestServlet):
                         and self.hs.config.email.email_notif_for_new_users
                         and medium == "email"
                     ):
-                        await self.pusher_pool.add_pusher(
+                        await self.pusher_pool.add_or_update_pusher(
                             user_id=user_id,
                             access_token=None,
                             kind="email",
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ class UserRestServletV2(RestServlet):
                             app_display_name="Email Notifications",
                             device_display_name=address,
                             pushkey=address,
-                            lang=None,  # We don't know a user's language here
+                            lang=None,
                             data={},
                         )
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/account.py b/synapse/rest/client/account.py
index 2db2a04f95..44f622bcce 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/account.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/account.py
@@ -534,6 +534,11 @@ class AddThreepidMsisdnSubmitTokenServlet(RestServlet):
         "/add_threepid/msisdn/submit_token$", releases=(), unstable=True
     )
 
+    class PostBody(RequestBodyModel):
+        client_secret: ClientSecretStr
+        sid: StrictStr
+        token: StrictStr
+
     def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
         super().__init__()
         self.config = hs.config
@@ -549,16 +554,14 @@ class AddThreepidMsisdnSubmitTokenServlet(RestServlet):
                 "instead.",
             )
 
-        body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
-        assert_params_in_dict(body, ["client_secret", "sid", "token"])
-        assert_valid_client_secret(body["client_secret"])
+        body = parse_and_validate_json_object_from_request(request, self.PostBody)
 
         # Proxy submit_token request to msisdn threepid delegate
         response = await self.identity_handler.proxy_msisdn_submit_token(
             self.config.registration.account_threepid_delegate_msisdn,
-            body["client_secret"],
-            body["sid"],
-            body["token"],
+            body.client_secret,
+            body.sid,
+            body.token,
         )
         return 200, response
 
@@ -581,6 +584,10 @@ class ThreepidRestServlet(RestServlet):
 
         return 200, {"threepids": threepids}
 
+    # NOTE(dmr): I have chosen not to use Pydantic to parse this request's body, because
+    # the endpoint is deprecated. (If you really want to, you could do this by reusing
+    # ThreePidBindRestServelet.PostBody with an `alias_generator` to handle
+    # `threePidCreds` versus `three_pid_creds`.
     async def on_POST(self, request: SynapseRequest) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
         if not self.hs.config.registration.enable_3pid_changes:
             raise SynapseError(
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/login_token_request.py b/synapse/rest/client/login_token_request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca5c54bf17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/login_token_request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import logging
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Tuple
+
+from synapse.http.server import HttpServer
+from synapse.http.servlet import RestServlet, parse_json_object_from_request
+from synapse.http.site import SynapseRequest
+from synapse.rest.client._base import client_patterns, interactive_auth_handler
+from synapse.types import JsonDict
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from synapse.server import HomeServer
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class LoginTokenRequestServlet(RestServlet):
+    """
+    Get a token that can be used with `m.login.token` to log in a second device.
+
+    Request:
+
+    POST /login/token HTTP/1.1
+    Content-Type: application/json
+
+    {}
+
+    Response:
+
+    HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+    {
+        "login_token": "ABDEFGH",
+        "expires_in": 3600,
+    }
+    """
+
+    PATTERNS = client_patterns("/login/token$")
+
+    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self.server_name = hs.config.server.server_name
+        self.macaroon_gen = hs.get_macaroon_generator()
+        self.auth_handler = hs.get_auth_handler()
+        self.token_timeout = hs.config.experimental.msc3882_token_timeout
+        self.ui_auth = hs.config.experimental.msc3882_ui_auth
+
+    @interactive_auth_handler
+    async def on_POST(self, request: SynapseRequest) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
+        requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
+
+        if self.ui_auth:
+            await self.auth_handler.validate_user_via_ui_auth(
+                requester,
+                request,
+                body,
+                "issue a new access token for your account",
+                can_skip_ui_auth=False,  # Don't allow skipping of UI auth
+            )
+
+        login_token = self.macaroon_gen.generate_short_term_login_token(
+            user_id=requester.user.to_string(),
+            auth_provider_id="org.matrix.msc3882.login_token_request",
+            duration_in_ms=self.token_timeout,
+        )
+
+        return (
+            200,
+            {
+                "login_token": login_token,
+                "expires_in": self.token_timeout // 1000,
+            },
+        )
+
+
+def register_servlets(hs: "HomeServer", http_server: HttpServer) -> None:
+    if hs.config.experimental.msc3882_enabled:
+        LoginTokenRequestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/pusher.py b/synapse/rest/client/pusher.py
index 9a1f10f4be..975eef2144 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/pusher.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/pusher.py
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ class PushersRestServlet(RestServlet):
         super().__init__()
         self.hs = hs
         self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self._msc3881_enabled = self.hs.config.experimental.msc3881_enabled
 
     async def on_GET(self, request: SynapseRequest) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
         requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
@@ -51,9 +52,16 @@ class PushersRestServlet(RestServlet):
             user.to_string()
         )
 
-        filtered_pushers = [p.as_dict() for p in pushers]
+        pusher_dicts = [p.as_dict() for p in pushers]
 
-        return 200, {"pushers": filtered_pushers}
+        for pusher in pusher_dicts:
+            if self._msc3881_enabled:
+                pusher["org.matrix.msc3881.enabled"] = pusher["enabled"]
+                pusher["org.matrix.msc3881.device_id"] = pusher["device_id"]
+            del pusher["enabled"]
+            del pusher["device_id"]
+
+        return 200, {"pushers": pusher_dicts}
 
 
 class PushersSetRestServlet(RestServlet):
@@ -65,6 +73,7 @@ class PushersSetRestServlet(RestServlet):
         self.auth = hs.get_auth()
         self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()
         self.pusher_pool = self.hs.get_pusherpool()
+        self._msc3881_enabled = self.hs.config.experimental.msc3881_enabled
 
     async def on_POST(self, request: SynapseRequest) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
         requester = await self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
@@ -103,6 +112,10 @@ class PushersSetRestServlet(RestServlet):
         if "append" in content:
             append = content["append"]
 
+        enabled = True
+        if self._msc3881_enabled and "org.matrix.msc3881.enabled" in content:
+            enabled = content["org.matrix.msc3881.enabled"]
+
         if not append:
             await self.pusher_pool.remove_pushers_by_app_id_and_pushkey_not_user(
                 app_id=content["app_id"],
@@ -111,7 +124,7 @@ class PushersSetRestServlet(RestServlet):
             )
 
         try:
-            await self.pusher_pool.add_pusher(
+            await self.pusher_pool.add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user.to_string(),
                 access_token=requester.access_token_id,
                 kind=content["kind"],
@@ -122,6 +135,8 @@ class PushersSetRestServlet(RestServlet):
                 lang=content["lang"],
                 data=content["data"],
                 profile_tag=content.get("profile_tag", ""),
+                enabled=enabled,
+                device_id=requester.device_id,
             )
         except PusherConfigException as pce:
             raise SynapseError(
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/read_marker.py b/synapse/rest/client/read_marker.py
index 5e53096539..852838515c 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/read_marker.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/read_marker.py
@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ class ReadMarkerRestServlet(RestServlet):
                     receipt_type,
                     user_id=requester.user.to_string(),
                     event_id=event_id,
+                    # Setting the thread ID is not possible with the /read_markers endpoint.
+                    thread_id=None,
                 )
 
         return 200, {}
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/receipts.py b/synapse/rest/client/receipts.py
index 5b7fad7402..f3ff156abe 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/receipts.py
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ class ReceiptRestServlet(RestServlet):
             ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE,
             ReceiptTypes.FULLY_READ,
         }
+        self._msc3771_enabled = hs.config.experimental.msc3771_enabled
 
     async def on_POST(
         self, request: SynapseRequest, room_id: str, receipt_type: str, event_id: str
@@ -61,7 +62,17 @@ class ReceiptRestServlet(RestServlet):
                 f"Receipt type must be {', '.join(self._known_receipt_types)}",
             )
 
-        parse_json_object_from_request(request, allow_empty_body=False)
+        body = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
+
+        # Pull the thread ID, if one exists.
+        thread_id = None
+        if self._msc3771_enabled:
+            if "thread_id" in body:
+                thread_id = body.get("thread_id")
+                if not thread_id or not isinstance(thread_id, str):
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        400, "thread_id field must be a non-empty string"
+                    )
 
         await self.presence_handler.bump_presence_active_time(requester.user)
 
@@ -77,6 +88,7 @@ class ReceiptRestServlet(RestServlet):
                 receipt_type,
                 user_id=requester.user.to_string(),
                 event_id=event_id,
+                thread_id=thread_id,
             )
 
         return 200, {}
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/versions.py b/synapse/rest/client/versions.py
index c516cda95d..c95b0d6f19 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/versions.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/versions.py
@@ -103,8 +103,14 @@ class VersionsRestServlet(RestServlet):
                     "org.matrix.msc3030": self.config.experimental.msc3030_enabled,
                     # Adds support for thread relations, per MSC3440.
                     "org.matrix.msc3440.stable": True,  # TODO: remove when "v1.3" is added above
+                    # Support for thread read receipts.
+                    "org.matrix.msc3771": self.config.experimental.msc3771_enabled,
                     # Allows moderators to fetch redacted event content as described in MSC2815
                     "fi.mau.msc2815": self.config.experimental.msc2815_enabled,
+                    # Adds support for login token requests as per MSC3882
+                    "org.matrix.msc3882": self.config.experimental.msc3882_enabled,
+                    # Adds support for remotely enabling/disabling pushers, as per MSC3881
+                    "org.matrix.msc3881": self.config.experimental.msc3881_enabled,
                 },
             },
         )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/_base.py b/synapse/storage/_base.py
index e30f9c76d4..313e8aca7d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/_base.py
@@ -15,12 +15,13 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 import logging
 from abc import ABCMeta
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Collection, Iterable, Optional, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Collection, Dict, Iterable, Optional, Union
 
 from synapse.storage.database import make_in_list_sql_clause  # noqa: F401; noqa: F401
 from synapse.storage.database import DatabasePool, LoggingDatabaseConnection
 from synapse.types import get_domain_from_id
 from synapse.util import json_decoder
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import CachedFunction
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from synapse.server import HomeServer
@@ -47,6 +48,8 @@ class SQLBaseStore(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         self.database_engine = database.engine
         self.db_pool = database
 
+        self.external_cached_functions: Dict[str, CachedFunction] = {}
+
     def process_replication_rows(
         self,
         stream_name: str,
@@ -88,6 +91,9 @@ class SQLBaseStore(metaclass=ABCMeta):
             self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
                 "get_user_in_room_with_profile", (room_id, user_id)
             )
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
+                "get_rooms_for_user_with_stream_ordering", (user_id,)
+            )
 
         # Purge other caches based on room state.
         self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_room_summary", (room_id,))
@@ -95,7 +101,7 @@ class SQLBaseStore(metaclass=ABCMeta):
 
     def _attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
         self, cache_name: str, key: Optional[Collection[Any]]
-    ) -> None:
+    ) -> bool:
         """Attempts to invalidate the cache of the given name, ignoring if the
         cache doesn't exist. Mainly used for invalidating caches on workers,
         where they may not have the cache.
@@ -113,9 +119,12 @@ class SQLBaseStore(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         try:
             cache = getattr(self, cache_name)
         except AttributeError:
-            # We probably haven't pulled in the cache in this worker,
-            # which is fine.
-            return
+            # Check if an externally defined module cache has been registered
+            cache = self.external_cached_functions.get(cache_name)
+            if not cache:
+                # We probably haven't pulled in the cache in this worker,
+                # which is fine.
+                return False
 
         if key is None:
             cache.invalidate_all()
@@ -125,6 +134,13 @@ class SQLBaseStore(metaclass=ABCMeta):
             invalidate_method = getattr(cache, "invalidate_local", cache.invalidate)
             invalidate_method(tuple(key))
 
+        return True
+
+    def register_external_cached_function(
+        self, cache_name: str, func: CachedFunction
+    ) -> None:
+        self.external_cached_functions[cache_name] = func
+
 
 def db_to_json(db_content: Union[memoryview, bytes, bytearray, str]) -> Any:
     """
diff --git a/synapse/storage/background_updates.py b/synapse/storage/background_updates.py
index bf5e7ee7be..2056ecb2c3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/background_updates.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/background_updates.py
@@ -285,7 +285,10 @@ class BackgroundUpdater:
         back_to_back_failures = 0
 
         try:
-            logger.info("Starting background schema updates")
+            logger.info(
+                "Starting background schema updates for database %s",
+                self._database_name,
+            )
             while self.enabled:
                 try:
                     result = await self.do_next_background_update(sleep)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/controllers/persist_events.py b/synapse/storage/controllers/persist_events.py
index 501dbbc990..709cb792ed 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/controllers/persist_events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/controllers/persist_events.py
@@ -598,11 +598,6 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
             # room
             state_delta_for_room: Dict[str, DeltaState] = {}
 
-            # Set of remote users which were in rooms the server has left or who may
-            # have left rooms the server is in. We should check if we still share any
-            # rooms and if not we mark their device lists as stale.
-            potentially_left_users: Set[str] = set()
-
             if not backfilled:
                 with Measure(self._clock, "_calculate_state_and_extrem"):
                     # Work out the new "current state" for each room.
@@ -716,8 +711,6 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
                                 room_id,
                                 ev_ctx_rm,
                                 delta,
-                                current_state,
-                                potentially_left_users,
                             )
                             if not is_still_joined:
                                 logger.info("Server no longer in room %s", room_id)
@@ -725,20 +718,6 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
                                 current_state = {}
                                 delta.no_longer_in_room = True
 
-                            # Add all remote users that might have left rooms.
-                            potentially_left_users.update(
-                                user_id
-                                for event_type, user_id in delta.to_delete
-                                if event_type == EventTypes.Member
-                                and not self.is_mine_id(user_id)
-                            )
-                            potentially_left_users.update(
-                                user_id
-                                for event_type, user_id in delta.to_insert.keys()
-                                if event_type == EventTypes.Member
-                                and not self.is_mine_id(user_id)
-                            )
-
                             state_delta_for_room[room_id] = delta
 
             await self.persist_events_store._persist_events_and_state_updates(
@@ -749,8 +728,6 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
                 inhibit_local_membership_updates=backfilled,
             )
 
-            await self._handle_potentially_left_users(potentially_left_users)
-
         return replaced_events
 
     async def _calculate_new_extremities(
@@ -1126,8 +1103,6 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
         room_id: str,
         ev_ctx_rm: List[Tuple[EventBase, EventContext]],
         delta: DeltaState,
-        current_state: Optional[StateMap[str]],
-        potentially_left_users: Set[str],
     ) -> bool:
         """Check if the server will still be joined after the given events have
         been persised.
@@ -1137,11 +1112,6 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
             ev_ctx_rm
             delta: The delta of current state between what is in the database
                 and what the new current state will be.
-            current_state: The new current state if it already been calculated,
-                otherwise None.
-            potentially_left_users: If the server has left the room, then joined
-                remote users will be added to this set to indicate that the
-                server may no longer be sharing a room with them.
         """
 
         if not any(
@@ -1195,45 +1165,4 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
         ):
             return True
 
-        # The server will leave the room, so we go and find out which remote
-        # users will still be joined when we leave.
-        if current_state is None:
-            current_state = await self.main_store.get_partial_current_state_ids(room_id)
-            current_state = dict(current_state)
-            for key in delta.to_delete:
-                current_state.pop(key, None)
-
-            current_state.update(delta.to_insert)
-
-        remote_event_ids = [
-            event_id
-            for (
-                typ,
-                state_key,
-            ), event_id in current_state.items()
-            if typ == EventTypes.Member and not self.is_mine_id(state_key)
-        ]
-        members = await self.main_store.get_membership_from_event_ids(remote_event_ids)
-        potentially_left_users.update(
-            member.user_id
-            for member in members.values()
-            if member and member.membership == Membership.JOIN
-        )
-
         return False
-
-    async def _handle_potentially_left_users(self, user_ids: Set[str]) -> None:
-        """Given a set of remote users check if the server still shares a room with
-        them. If not then mark those users' device cache as stale.
-        """
-
-        if not user_ids:
-            return
-
-        joined_users = await self.main_store.get_users_server_still_shares_room_with(
-            user_ids
-        )
-        left_users = user_ids - joined_users
-
-        for user_id in left_users:
-            await self.main_store.mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed(user_id)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/controllers/state.py b/synapse/storage/controllers/state.py
index bbe568bf05..bb60130afe 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/controllers/state.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/controllers/state.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from typing import (
     List,
     Mapping,
     Optional,
+    Sequence,
     Tuple,
 )
 
@@ -406,6 +407,7 @@ class StateStorageController:
         self,
         room_id: str,
         state_filter: Optional[StateFilter] = None,
+        await_full_state: bool = True,
         on_invalidate: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None,
     ) -> StateMap[str]:
         """Get the current state event ids for a room based on the
@@ -418,13 +420,17 @@ class StateStorageController:
             room_id: The room to get the state IDs of. state_filter: The state
             filter used to fetch state from the
                 database.
+            await_full_state: if true, will block if we do not yet have complete
+               state for the room.
             on_invalidate: Callback for when the `get_current_state_ids` cache
                 for the room gets invalidated.
 
         Returns:
             The current state of the room.
         """
-        if not state_filter or state_filter.must_await_full_state(self._is_mine_id):
+        if await_full_state and (
+            not state_filter or state_filter.must_await_full_state(self._is_mine_id)
+        ):
             await self._partial_state_room_tracker.await_full_state(room_id)
 
         if state_filter and not state_filter.is_full():
@@ -524,12 +530,53 @@ class StateStorageController:
         return state_map.get(key)
 
     async def get_current_hosts_in_room(self, room_id: str) -> List[str]:
-        """Get current hosts in room based on current state."""
+        """Get current hosts in room based on current state.
+
+        Blocks until we have full state for the given room. This only happens for rooms
+        with partial state.
+
+        Returns:
+            A list of hosts in the room, sorted by longest in the room first. (aka.
+            sorted by join with the lowest depth first).
+        """
 
         await self._partial_state_room_tracker.await_full_state(room_id)
 
         return await self.stores.main.get_current_hosts_in_room(room_id)
 
+    async def get_current_hosts_in_room_or_partial_state_approximation(
+        self, room_id: str
+    ) -> Sequence[str]:
+        """Get approximation of current hosts in room based on current state.
+
+        For rooms with full state, this is equivalent to `get_current_hosts_in_room`,
+        with the same order of results.
+
+        For rooms with partial state, no blocking occurs. Instead, the list of hosts
+        in the room at the time of joining is combined with the list of hosts which
+        joined the room afterwards. The returned list may include hosts that are not
+        actually in the room and exclude hosts that are in the room, since we may
+        calculate state incorrectly during the partial state phase. The order of results
+        is arbitrary for rooms with partial state.
+        """
+        # We have to read this list first to mitigate races with un-partial stating.
+        # This will be empty for rooms with full state.
+        hosts_at_join = await self.stores.main.get_partial_state_servers_at_join(
+            room_id
+        )
+
+        hosts_from_state = await self.stores.main.get_current_hosts_in_room(room_id)
+        hosts_from_state_set = set(hosts_from_state)
+
+        # First take the list of hosts based on the current state.
+        # For rooms with partial state, this will be missing most hosts.
+        hosts = list(hosts_from_state)
+        # Then add in the list of hosts in the room at the time we joined.
+        # This will be an empty list for rooms with full state.
+        hosts.extend(host for host in hosts_at_join if host not in hosts_from_state_set)
+
+        return hosts
+
     async def get_users_in_room_with_profiles(
         self, room_id: str
     ) -> Dict[str, ProfileInfo]:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/database.py b/synapse/storage/database.py
index 921cd4dc5e..6cc88aad32 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/database.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/database.py
@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@ UNIQUE_INDEX_BACKGROUND_UPDATES = {
     "local_media_repository_thumbnails": "local_media_repository_thumbnails_method_idx",
     "remote_media_cache_thumbnails": "remote_media_repository_thumbnails_method_idx",
     "event_push_summary": "event_push_summary_unique_index",
+    "receipts_linearized": "receipts_linearized_unique_index",
+    "receipts_graph": "receipts_graph_unique_index",
 }
 
 
@@ -391,6 +393,14 @@ class LoggingTransaction:
     def executemany(self, sql: str, *args: Any) -> None:
         self._do_execute(self.txn.executemany, sql, *args)
 
+    def executescript(self, sql: str) -> None:
+        if isinstance(self.database_engine, Sqlite3Engine):
+            self._do_execute(self.txn.executescript, sql)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"executescript only exists for sqlite driver, not {type(self.database_engine)}"
+            )
+
     def _make_sql_one_line(self, sql: str) -> str:
         "Strip newlines out of SQL so that the loggers in the DB are on one line"
         return " ".join(line.strip() for line in sql.splitlines() if line.strip())
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/__init__.py
index 4dccbb732a..0843f10340 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/__init__.py
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 class DataStore(
     EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore,
+    DeviceStore,
     RoomMemberStore,
     RoomStore,
     RoomBatchStore,
@@ -114,7 +115,6 @@ class DataStore(
     StreamWorkerStore,
     OpenIdStore,
     ClientIpWorkerStore,
-    DeviceStore,
     DeviceInboxStore,
     UserDirectoryStore,
     UserErasureStore,
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/cache.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/cache.py
index 12e9a42382..db6ce83a2b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/cache.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/cache.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from synapse.storage.database import (
 )
 from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
 from synapse.storage.util.id_generators import MultiWriterIdGenerator
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import _CachedFunction
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import CachedFunction
 from synapse.util.iterutils import batch_iter
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -223,15 +223,16 @@ class CacheInvalidationWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         # process triggering the invalidation is responsible for clearing any external
         # cached objects.
         self._invalidate_local_get_event_cache(event_id)
-        self.have_seen_event.invalidate((room_id, event_id))
 
-        self.get_latest_event_ids_in_room.invalidate((room_id,))
-
-        self.get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user.invalidate((room_id,))
+        self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("have_seen_event", (room_id, event_id))
+        self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_latest_event_ids_in_room", (room_id,))
+        self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
+            "get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user", (room_id,)
+        )
 
         # The `_get_membership_from_event_id` is immutable, except for the
         # case where we look up an event *before* persisting it.
-        self._get_membership_from_event_id.invalidate((event_id,))
+        self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("_get_membership_from_event_id", (event_id,))
 
         if not backfilled:
             self._events_stream_cache.entity_has_changed(room_id, stream_ordering)
@@ -240,19 +241,26 @@ class CacheInvalidationWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             self._invalidate_local_get_event_cache(redacts)
             # Caches which might leak edits must be invalidated for the event being
             # redacted.
-            self.get_relations_for_event.invalidate((redacts,))
-            self.get_applicable_edit.invalidate((redacts,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_relations_for_event", (redacts,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_applicable_edit", (redacts,))
 
         if etype == EventTypes.Member:
             self._membership_stream_cache.entity_has_changed(state_key, stream_ordering)
-            self.get_invited_rooms_for_local_user.invalidate((state_key,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
+                "get_invited_rooms_for_local_user", (state_key,)
+            )
 
         if relates_to:
-            self.get_relations_for_event.invalidate((relates_to,))
-            self.get_aggregation_groups_for_event.invalidate((relates_to,))
-            self.get_applicable_edit.invalidate((relates_to,))
-            self.get_thread_summary.invalidate((relates_to,))
-            self.get_thread_participated.invalidate((relates_to,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_relations_for_event", (relates_to,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
+                "get_aggregation_groups_for_event", (relates_to,)
+            )
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_applicable_edit", (relates_to,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_thread_summary", (relates_to,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache("get_thread_participated", (relates_to,))
+            self._attempt_to_invalidate_cache(
+                "get_mutual_event_relations_for_rel_type", (relates_to,)
+            )
 
     async def invalidate_cache_and_stream(
         self, cache_name: str, keys: Tuple[Any, ...]
@@ -269,9 +277,7 @@ class CacheInvalidationWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             return
 
         cache_func.invalidate(keys)
-        await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "invalidate_cache_and_stream",
-            self._send_invalidation_to_replication,
+        await self.send_invalidation_to_replication(
             cache_func.__name__,
             keys,
         )
@@ -279,7 +285,7 @@ class CacheInvalidationWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     def _invalidate_cache_and_stream(
         self,
         txn: LoggingTransaction,
-        cache_func: _CachedFunction,
+        cache_func: CachedFunction,
         keys: Tuple[Any, ...],
     ) -> None:
         """Invalidates the cache and adds it to the cache stream so slaves
@@ -293,7 +299,7 @@ class CacheInvalidationWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         self._send_invalidation_to_replication(txn, cache_func.__name__, keys)
 
     def _invalidate_all_cache_and_stream(
-        self, txn: LoggingTransaction, cache_func: _CachedFunction
+        self, txn: LoggingTransaction, cache_func: CachedFunction
     ) -> None:
         """Invalidates the entire cache and adds it to the cache stream so slaves
         will know to invalidate their caches.
@@ -334,6 +340,16 @@ class CacheInvalidationWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 txn, CURRENT_STATE_CACHE_NAME, [room_id]
             )
 
+    async def send_invalidation_to_replication(
+        self, cache_name: str, keys: Optional[Collection[Any]]
+    ) -> None:
+        await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "send_invalidation_to_replication",
+            self._send_invalidation_to_replication,
+            cache_name,
+            keys,
+        )
+
     def _send_invalidation_to_replication(
         self, txn: LoggingTransaction, cache_name: str, keys: Optional[Iterable[Any]]
     ) -> None:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py
index 5d700ca6c3..1151fb0cc3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/devices.py
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ from synapse.storage.database import (
     make_tuple_comparison_clause,
 )
 from synapse.storage.databases.main.end_to_end_keys import EndToEndKeyWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.databases.main.roommember import RoomMemberWorkerStore
 from synapse.storage.types import Cursor
 from synapse.types import JsonDict, get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key
 from synapse.util import json_decoder, json_encoder
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ DROP_DEVICE_LIST_STREAMS_NON_UNIQUE_INDEXES = (
 BG_UPDATE_REMOVE_DUP_OUTBOUND_POKES = "remove_dup_outbound_pokes"
 
 
-class DeviceWorkerStore(EndToEndKeyWorkerStore):
+class DeviceWorkerStore(RoomMemberWorkerStore, EndToEndKeyWorkerStore):
     def __init__(
         self,
         database: DatabasePool,
@@ -985,24 +986,59 @@ class DeviceWorkerStore(EndToEndKeyWorkerStore):
             desc="mark_remote_user_device_cache_as_valid",
         )
 
+    async def handle_potentially_left_users(self, user_ids: Set[str]) -> None:
+        """Given a set of remote users check if the server still shares a room with
+        them. If not then mark those users' device cache as stale.
+        """
+
+        if not user_ids:
+            return
+
+        await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "_handle_potentially_left_users",
+            self.handle_potentially_left_users_txn,
+            user_ids,
+        )
+
+    def handle_potentially_left_users_txn(
+        self,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        user_ids: Set[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Given a set of remote users check if the server still shares a room with
+        them. If not then mark those users' device cache as stale.
+        """
+
+        if not user_ids:
+            return
+
+        joined_users = self.get_users_server_still_shares_room_with_txn(txn, user_ids)
+        left_users = user_ids - joined_users
+
+        for user_id in left_users:
+            self.mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed_txn(txn, user_id)
+
     async def mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed(self, user_id: str) -> None:
         """Mark that we no longer track device lists for remote user."""
 
-        def _mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed_txn(
-            txn: LoggingTransaction,
-        ) -> None:
-            self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
-                txn,
-                table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
-                keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
-            )
-            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
-                txn, self.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote, (user_id,)
-            )
-
         await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
             "mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed",
-            _mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed_txn,
+            self.mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed_txn,
+            user_id,
+        )
+
+    def mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed_txn(
+        self,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        user_id: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
+            keyvalues={"user_id": user_id},
+        )
+        self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
+            txn, self.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote, (user_id,)
         )
 
     async def get_dehydrated_device(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py
index ef477978ed..3251fca6fb 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_federation.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+import datetime
 import itertools
 import logging
 from queue import Empty, PriorityQueue
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ from synapse.storage.database import (
 )
 from synapse.storage.databases.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
 from synapse.storage.databases.main.signatures import SignatureWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
+from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine, Sqlite3Engine
 from synapse.types import JsonDict
 from synapse.util import json_encoder
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
@@ -72,6 +73,13 @@ pdus_pruned_from_federation_queue = Counter(
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+BACKFILL_EVENT_BACKOFF_UPPER_BOUND_SECONDS: int = int(
+    datetime.timedelta(days=7).total_seconds()
+)
+BACKFILL_EVENT_EXPONENTIAL_BACKOFF_STEP_SECONDS: int = int(
+    datetime.timedelta(hours=1).total_seconds()
+)
+
 
 # All the info we need while iterating the DAG while backfilling
 @attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True, auto_attribs=True)
@@ -715,96 +723,189 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStore(SignatureWorkerStore, EventsWorkerStore, SQLBas
 
     @trace
     @tag_args
-    async def get_oldest_event_ids_with_depth_in_room(
-        self, room_id: str
+    async def get_backfill_points_in_room(
+        self,
+        room_id: str,
     ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]:
-        """Gets the oldest events(backwards extremities) in the room along with the
-        aproximate depth.
-
-        We use this function so that we can compare and see if someones current
-        depth at their current scrollback is within pagination range of the
-        event extremeties. If the current depth is close to the depth of given
-        oldest event, we can trigger a backfill.
+        """
+        Gets the oldest events(backwards extremities) in the room along with the
+        approximate depth. Sorted by depth, highest to lowest (descending).
 
         Args:
             room_id: Room where we want to find the oldest events
 
         Returns:
-            List of (event_id, depth) tuples
+            List of (event_id, depth) tuples. Sorted by depth, highest to lowest
+            (descending)
         """
 
-        def get_oldest_event_ids_with_depth_in_room_txn(
+        def get_backfill_points_in_room_txn(
             txn: LoggingTransaction, room_id: str
         ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]:
-            # Assemble a dictionary with event_id -> depth for the oldest events
+            # Assemble a tuple lookup of event_id -> depth for the oldest events
             # we know of in the room. Backwards extremeties are the oldest
             # events we know of in the room but we only know of them because
-            # some other event referenced them by prev_event and aren't peristed
-            # in our database yet (meaning we don't know their depth
-            # specifically). So we need to look for the aproximate depth from
+            # some other event referenced them by prev_event and aren't
+            # persisted in our database yet (meaning we don't know their depth
+            # specifically). So we need to look for the approximate depth from
             # the events connected to the current backwards extremeties.
             sql = """
-                SELECT b.event_id, MAX(e.depth) FROM events as e
+                SELECT backward_extrem.event_id, event.depth FROM events AS event
                 /**
                  * Get the edge connections from the event_edges table
                  * so we can see whether this event's prev_events points
                  * to a backward extremity in the next join.
                  */
-                INNER JOIN event_edges as g
-                ON g.event_id = e.event_id
+                INNER JOIN event_edges AS edge
+                ON edge.event_id = event.event_id
                 /**
                  * We find the "oldest" events in the room by looking for
                  * events connected to backwards extremeties (oldest events
                  * in the room that we know of so far).
                  */
-                INNER JOIN event_backward_extremities as b
-                ON g.prev_event_id = b.event_id
-                WHERE b.room_id = ? AND g.is_state is ?
-                GROUP BY b.event_id
+                INNER JOIN event_backward_extremities AS backward_extrem
+                ON edge.prev_event_id = backward_extrem.event_id
+                /**
+                 * We use this info to make sure we don't retry to use a backfill point
+                 * if we've already attempted to backfill from it recently.
+                 */
+                LEFT JOIN event_failed_pull_attempts AS failed_backfill_attempt_info
+                ON
+                    failed_backfill_attempt_info.room_id = backward_extrem.room_id
+                    AND failed_backfill_attempt_info.event_id = backward_extrem.event_id
+                WHERE
+                    backward_extrem.room_id = ?
+                    /* We only care about non-state edges because we used to use
+                     * `event_edges` for two different sorts of "edges" (the current
+                     * event DAG, but also a link to the previous state, for state
+                     * events). These legacy state event edges can be distinguished by
+                     * `is_state` and are removed from the codebase and schema but
+                     * because the schema change is in a background update, it's not
+                     * necessarily safe to assume that it will have been completed.
+                     */
+                    AND edge.is_state is ? /* False */
+                    /**
+                     * Exponential back-off (up to the upper bound) so we don't retry the
+                     * same backfill point over and over. ex. 2hr, 4hr, 8hr, 16hr, etc.
+                     *
+                     * We use `1 << n` as a power of 2 equivalent for compatibility
+                     * with older SQLites. The left shift equivalent only works with
+                     * powers of 2 because left shift is a binary operation (base-2).
+                     * Otherwise, we would use `power(2, n)` or the power operator, `2^n`.
+                     */
+                    AND (
+                        failed_backfill_attempt_info.event_id IS NULL
+                        OR ? /* current_time */ >= failed_backfill_attempt_info.last_attempt_ts + /*least*/%s((1 << failed_backfill_attempt_info.num_attempts) * ? /* step */, ? /* upper bound */)
+                    )
+                /**
+                 * Sort from highest to the lowest depth. Then tie-break on
+                 * alphabetical order of the event_ids so we get a consistent
+                 * ordering which is nice when asserting things in tests.
+                 */
+                ORDER BY event.depth DESC, backward_extrem.event_id DESC
             """
 
-            txn.execute(sql, (room_id, False))
+            if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
+                least_function = "least"
+            elif isinstance(self.database_engine, Sqlite3Engine):
+                least_function = "min"
+            else:
+                raise RuntimeError("Unknown database engine")
+
+            txn.execute(
+                sql % (least_function,),
+                (
+                    room_id,
+                    False,
+                    self._clock.time_msec(),
+                    1000 * BACKFILL_EVENT_EXPONENTIAL_BACKOFF_STEP_SECONDS,
+                    1000 * BACKFILL_EVENT_BACKOFF_UPPER_BOUND_SECONDS,
+                ),
+            )
 
             return cast(List[Tuple[str, int]], txn.fetchall())
 
         return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "get_oldest_event_ids_with_depth_in_room",
-            get_oldest_event_ids_with_depth_in_room_txn,
+            "get_backfill_points_in_room",
+            get_backfill_points_in_room_txn,
             room_id,
         )
 
     @trace
     async def get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room(
-        self, room_id: str
+        self,
+        room_id: str,
     ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]:
-        """Get the insertion events we know about that we haven't backfilled yet.
-
-        We use this function so that we can compare and see if someones current
-        depth at their current scrollback is within pagination range of the
-        insertion event. If the current depth is close to the depth of given
-        insertion event, we can trigger a backfill.
+        """
+        Get the insertion events we know about that we haven't backfilled yet
+        along with the approximate depth. Sorted by depth, highest to lowest
+        (descending).
 
         Args:
             room_id: Room where we want to find the oldest events
 
         Returns:
-            List of (event_id, depth) tuples
+            List of (event_id, depth) tuples. Sorted by depth, highest to lowest
+            (descending)
         """
 
         def get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room_txn(
             txn: LoggingTransaction, room_id: str
         ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]:
             sql = """
-                SELECT b.event_id, MAX(e.depth) FROM insertion_events as i
+                SELECT
+                    insertion_event_extremity.event_id, event.depth
                 /* We only want insertion events that are also marked as backwards extremities */
-                INNER JOIN insertion_event_extremities as b USING (event_id)
+                FROM insertion_event_extremities AS insertion_event_extremity
                 /* Get the depth of the insertion event from the events table */
-                INNER JOIN events AS e USING (event_id)
-                WHERE b.room_id = ?
-                GROUP BY b.event_id
+                INNER JOIN events AS event USING (event_id)
+                /**
+                 * We use this info to make sure we don't retry to use a backfill point
+                 * if we've already attempted to backfill from it recently.
+                 */
+                LEFT JOIN event_failed_pull_attempts AS failed_backfill_attempt_info
+                ON
+                    failed_backfill_attempt_info.room_id = insertion_event_extremity.room_id
+                    AND failed_backfill_attempt_info.event_id = insertion_event_extremity.event_id
+                WHERE
+                    insertion_event_extremity.room_id = ?
+                    /**
+                     * Exponential back-off (up to the upper bound) so we don't retry the
+                     * same backfill point over and over. ex. 2hr, 4hr, 8hr, 16hr, etc
+                     *
+                     * We use `1 << n` as a power of 2 equivalent for compatibility
+                     * with older SQLites. The left shift equivalent only works with
+                     * powers of 2 because left shift is a binary operation (base-2).
+                     * Otherwise, we would use `power(2, n)` or the power operator, `2^n`.
+                     */
+                    AND (
+                        failed_backfill_attempt_info.event_id IS NULL
+                        OR ? /* current_time */ >= failed_backfill_attempt_info.last_attempt_ts + /*least*/%s((1 << failed_backfill_attempt_info.num_attempts) * ? /* step */, ? /* upper bound */)
+                    )
+                /**
+                 * Sort from highest to the lowest depth. Then tie-break on
+                 * alphabetical order of the event_ids so we get a consistent
+                 * ordering which is nice when asserting things in tests.
+                 */
+                ORDER BY event.depth DESC, insertion_event_extremity.event_id DESC
             """
 
-            txn.execute(sql, (room_id,))
+            if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
+                least_function = "least"
+            elif isinstance(self.database_engine, Sqlite3Engine):
+                least_function = "min"
+            else:
+                raise RuntimeError("Unknown database engine")
+
+            txn.execute(
+                sql % (least_function,),
+                (
+                    room_id,
+                    self._clock.time_msec(),
+                    1000 * BACKFILL_EVENT_EXPONENTIAL_BACKOFF_STEP_SECONDS,
+                    1000 * BACKFILL_EVENT_BACKOFF_UPPER_BOUND_SECONDS,
+                ),
+            )
             return cast(List[Tuple[str, int]], txn.fetchall())
 
         return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
@@ -1539,7 +1640,12 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStore(SignatureWorkerStore, EventsWorkerStore, SQLBas
         self,
         room_id: str,
     ) -> Optional[Tuple[str, str]]:
-        """Get the next event ID in the staging area for the given room."""
+        """
+        Get the next event ID in the staging area for the given room.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of the `origin` and `event_id`
+        """
 
         def _get_next_staged_event_id_for_room_txn(
             txn: LoggingTransaction,
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py
index 6b8668d2dc..f4cdc2e399 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/event_push_actions.py
@@ -559,7 +559,18 @@ class EventPushActionsWorkerStore(ReceiptsWorkerStore, StreamWorkerStore, SQLBas
 
     def _get_receipts_by_room_txn(
         self, txn: LoggingTransaction, user_id: str
-    ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]:
+    ) -> Dict[str, int]:
+        """
+        Generate a map of room ID to the latest stream ordering that has been
+        read by the given user.
+
+        Args:
+            txn:
+            user_id: The user to fetch receipts for.
+
+        Returns:
+            A map of room ID to stream ordering for all rooms the user has a receipt in.
+        """
         receipt_types_clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
             self.database_engine,
             "receipt_type",
@@ -580,7 +591,10 @@ class EventPushActionsWorkerStore(ReceiptsWorkerStore, StreamWorkerStore, SQLBas
 
         args.extend((user_id,))
         txn.execute(sql, args)
-        return cast(List[Tuple[str, int]], txn.fetchall())
+        return {
+            room_id: latest_stream_ordering
+            for room_id, latest_stream_ordering in txn.fetchall()
+        }
 
     async def get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(
         self,
@@ -605,12 +619,10 @@ class EventPushActionsWorkerStore(ReceiptsWorkerStore, StreamWorkerStore, SQLBas
             The list will have between 0~limit entries.
         """
 
-        receipts_by_room = dict(
-            await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-                "get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_http_receipts",
-                self._get_receipts_by_room_txn,
-                user_id=user_id,
-            ),
+        receipts_by_room = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_http_receipts",
+            self._get_receipts_by_room_txn,
+            user_id=user_id,
         )
 
         def get_push_actions_txn(
@@ -679,12 +691,10 @@ class EventPushActionsWorkerStore(ReceiptsWorkerStore, StreamWorkerStore, SQLBas
             The list will have between 0~limit entries.
         """
 
-        receipts_by_room = dict(
-            await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-                "get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_email_receipts",
-                self._get_receipts_by_room_txn,
-                user_id=user_id,
-            ),
+        receipts_by_room = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_email_receipts",
+            self._get_receipts_by_room_txn,
+            user_id=user_id,
         )
 
         def get_push_actions_txn(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py
index 1b54a2eb57..b59eb7478b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/events.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import attr
 from prometheus_client import Counter
 
 import synapse.metrics
-from synapse.api.constants import EventContentFields, EventTypes, RelationTypes
+from synapse.api.constants import EventContentFields, EventTypes
 from synapse.api.errors import Codes, SynapseError
 from synapse.api.room_versions import RoomVersions
 from synapse.events import EventBase, relation_from_event
@@ -410,6 +410,31 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         assert min_stream_order
         assert max_stream_order
 
+        # Once the txn completes, invalidate all of the relevant caches. Note that we do this
+        # up here because it captures all the events_and_contexts before any are removed.
+        for event, _ in events_and_contexts:
+            self.store.invalidate_get_event_cache_after_txn(txn, event.event_id)
+            if event.redacts:
+                self.store.invalidate_get_event_cache_after_txn(txn, event.redacts)
+
+            relates_to = None
+            relation = relation_from_event(event)
+            if relation:
+                relates_to = relation.parent_id
+
+            assert event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering is not None
+            txn.call_after(
+                self.store._invalidate_caches_for_event,
+                event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
+                event.event_id,
+                event.room_id,
+                event.type,
+                getattr(event, "state_key", None),
+                event.redacts,
+                relates_to,
+                backfilled=False,
+            )
+
         self._update_forward_extremities_txn(
             txn,
             new_forward_extremities=new_forward_extremities,
@@ -459,6 +484,7 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
 
         # We call this last as it assumes we've inserted the events into
         # room_memberships, where applicable.
+        # NB: This function invalidates all state related caches
         self._update_current_state_txn(txn, state_delta_for_room, min_stream_order)
 
     def _persist_event_auth_chain_txn(
@@ -1172,17 +1198,16 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
             )
 
             # Invalidate the various caches
-
-            for member in members_changed:
-                txn.call_after(
-                    self.store.get_rooms_for_user_with_stream_ordering.invalidate,
-                    (member,),
-                )
-
             self.store._invalidate_state_caches_and_stream(
                 txn, room_id, members_changed
             )
 
+            # Check if any of the remote membership changes requires us to
+            # unsubscribe from their device lists.
+            self.store.handle_potentially_left_users_txn(
+                txn, {m for m in members_changed if not self.hs.is_mine_id(m)}
+            )
+
     def _upsert_room_version_txn(self, txn: LoggingTransaction, room_id: str) -> None:
         """Update the room version in the database based off current state
         events.
@@ -1222,9 +1247,6 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
             self.db_pool.simple_delete_txn(
                 txn, table="event_forward_extremities", keyvalues={"room_id": room_id}
             )
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_latest_event_ids_in_room.invalidate, (room_id,)
-            )
 
         self.db_pool.simple_insert_many_txn(
             txn,
@@ -1294,8 +1316,6 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         """
         depth_updates: Dict[str, int] = {}
         for event, context in events_and_contexts:
-            # Remove the any existing cache entries for the event_ids
-            self.store.invalidate_get_event_cache_after_txn(txn, event.event_id)
             # Then update the `stream_ordering` position to mark the latest
             # event as the front of the room. This should not be done for
             # backfilled events because backfilled events have negative
@@ -1697,16 +1717,7 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
         txn.async_call_after(prefill)
 
     def _store_redaction(self, txn: LoggingTransaction, event: EventBase) -> None:
-        """Invalidate the caches for the redacted event.
-
-        Note that these caches are also cleared as part of event replication in
-        _invalidate_caches_for_event.
-        """
         assert event.redacts is not None
-        self.store.invalidate_get_event_cache_after_txn(txn, event.redacts)
-        txn.call_after(self.store.get_relations_for_event.invalidate, (event.redacts,))
-        txn.call_after(self.store.get_applicable_edit.invalidate, (event.redacts,))
-
         self.db_pool.simple_upsert_txn(
             txn,
             table="redactions",
@@ -1807,34 +1818,6 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
 
         for event in events:
             assert event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering is not None
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store._membership_stream_cache.entity_has_changed,
-                event.state_key,
-                event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
-            )
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_invited_rooms_for_local_user.invalidate,
-                (event.state_key,),
-            )
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_local_users_in_room.invalidate,
-                (event.room_id,),
-            )
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_number_joined_users_in_room.invalidate,
-                (event.room_id,),
-            )
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_user_in_room_with_profile.invalidate,
-                (event.room_id, event.state_key),
-            )
-
-            # The `_get_membership_from_event_id` is immutable, except for the
-            # case where we look up an event *before* persisting it.
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store._get_membership_from_event_id.invalidate,
-                (event.event_id,),
-            )
 
             # We update the local_current_membership table only if the event is
             # "current", i.e., its something that has just happened.
@@ -1883,35 +1866,6 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
             },
         )
 
-        txn.call_after(
-            self.store.get_relations_for_event.invalidate, (relation.parent_id,)
-        )
-        txn.call_after(
-            self.store.get_aggregation_groups_for_event.invalidate,
-            (relation.parent_id,),
-        )
-        txn.call_after(
-            self.store.get_mutual_event_relations_for_rel_type.invalidate,
-            (relation.parent_id,),
-        )
-
-        if relation.rel_type == RelationTypes.REPLACE:
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_applicable_edit.invalidate, (relation.parent_id,)
-            )
-
-        if relation.rel_type == RelationTypes.THREAD:
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_thread_summary.invalidate, (relation.parent_id,)
-            )
-            # It should be safe to only invalidate the cache if the user has not
-            # previously participated in the thread, but that's difficult (and
-            # potentially error-prone) so it is always invalidated.
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.store.get_thread_participated.invalidate,
-                (relation.parent_id, event.sender),
-            )
-
     def _handle_insertion_event(
         self, txn: LoggingTransaction, event: EventBase
     ) -> None:
@@ -2213,28 +2167,6 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
                 ),
             )
 
-            room_to_event_ids: Dict[str, List[str]] = {}
-            for e in non_outlier_events:
-                room_to_event_ids.setdefault(e.room_id, []).append(e.event_id)
-
-            for room_id, event_ids in room_to_event_ids.items():
-                rows = self.db_pool.simple_select_many_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="event_push_actions_staging",
-                    column="event_id",
-                    iterable=event_ids,
-                    keyvalues={},
-                    retcols=("user_id",),
-                )
-
-                user_ids = {row["user_id"] for row in rows}
-
-                for user_id in user_ids:
-                    txn.call_after(
-                        self.store.get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user.invalidate,
-                        (room_id, user_id),
-                    )
-
         # Now we delete the staging area for *all* events that were being
         # persisted.
         txn.execute_batch(
@@ -2249,11 +2181,6 @@ class PersistEventsStore:
     def _remove_push_actions_for_event_id_txn(
         self, txn: LoggingTransaction, room_id: str, event_id: str
     ) -> None:
-        # Sad that we have to blow away the cache for the whole room here
-        txn.call_after(
-            self.store.get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user.invalidate,
-            (room_id,),
-        )
         txn.execute(
             "DELETE FROM event_push_actions WHERE room_id = ? AND event_id = ?",
             (room_id, event_id),
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py
index 5079edd1e0..ed17b2e70c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/push_rule.py
@@ -30,9 +30,8 @@ from typing import (
 
 from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
 from synapse.config.homeserver import ExperimentalConfig
-from synapse.push.baserules import FilteredPushRules, PushRule, compile_push_rules
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
-from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 from synapse.storage.database import (
     DatabasePool,
     LoggingDatabaseConnection,
@@ -51,6 +50,7 @@ from synapse.storage.util.id_generators import (
     IdGenerator,
     StreamIdGenerator,
 )
+from synapse.synapse_rust.push import FilteredPushRules, PushRule, PushRules
 from synapse.types import JsonDict
 from synapse.util import json_encoder
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
@@ -72,18 +72,25 @@ def _load_rules(
     """
 
     ruleslist = [
-        PushRule(
+        PushRule.from_db(
             rule_id=rawrule["rule_id"],
             priority_class=rawrule["priority_class"],
-            conditions=db_to_json(rawrule["conditions"]),
-            actions=db_to_json(rawrule["actions"]),
+            conditions=rawrule["conditions"],
+            actions=rawrule["actions"],
         )
         for rawrule in rawrules
     ]
 
-    push_rules = compile_push_rules(ruleslist)
+    push_rules = PushRules(
+        ruleslist,
+    )
 
-    filtered_rules = FilteredPushRules(push_rules, enabled_map, experimental_config)
+    filtered_rules = FilteredPushRules(
+        push_rules,
+        enabled_map,
+        msc3786_enabled=experimental_config.msc3786_enabled,
+        msc3772_enabled=experimental_config.msc3772_enabled,
+    )
 
     return filtered_rules
 
@@ -845,7 +852,7 @@ class PushRuleStore(PushRulesWorkerStore):
         user_push_rules = await self.get_push_rules_for_user(user_id)
 
         # Get rules relating to the old room and copy them to the new room
-        for rule, enabled in user_push_rules:
+        for rule, enabled in user_push_rules.rules():
             if not enabled:
                 continue
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
index bd0cfa7f32..01206950a9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/pusher.py
@@ -89,6 +89,11 @@ class PusherWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 )
                 continue
 
+            # If we're using SQLite, then boolean values are integers. This is
+            # troublesome since some code using the return value of this method might
+            # expect it to be a boolean, or will expose it to clients (in responses).
+            r["enabled"] = bool(r["enabled"])
+
             yield PusherConfig(**r)
 
     async def get_pushers_by_app_id_and_pushkey(
@@ -100,38 +105,52 @@ class PusherWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return await self.get_pushers_by({"user_name": user_id})
 
     async def get_pushers_by(self, keyvalues: Dict[str, Any]) -> Iterator[PusherConfig]:
-        ret = await self.db_pool.simple_select_list(
-            "pushers",
-            keyvalues,
-            [
-                "id",
-                "user_name",
-                "access_token",
-                "profile_tag",
-                "kind",
-                "app_id",
-                "app_display_name",
-                "device_display_name",
-                "pushkey",
-                "ts",
-                "lang",
-                "data",
-                "last_stream_ordering",
-                "last_success",
-                "failing_since",
-            ],
+        """Retrieve pushers that match the given criteria.
+
+        Args:
+            keyvalues: A {column: value} dictionary.
+
+        Returns:
+            The pushers for which the given columns have the given values.
+        """
+
+        def get_pushers_by_txn(txn: LoggingTransaction) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+            # We could technically use simple_select_list here, but we need to call
+            # COALESCE on the 'enabled' column. While it is technically possible to give
+            # simple_select_list the whole `COALESCE(...) AS ...` as a column name, it
+            # feels a bit hacky, so it's probably better to just inline the query.
+            sql = """
+            SELECT
+                id, user_name, access_token, profile_tag, kind, app_id,
+                app_display_name, device_display_name, pushkey, ts, lang, data,
+                last_stream_ordering, last_success, failing_since,
+                COALESCE(enabled, TRUE) AS enabled, device_id
+            FROM pushers
+            """
+
+            sql += "WHERE %s" % (" AND ".join("%s = ?" % (k,) for k in keyvalues),)
+
+            txn.execute(sql, list(keyvalues.values()))
+
+            return self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+
+        ret = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
             desc="get_pushers_by",
+            func=get_pushers_by_txn,
         )
+
         return self._decode_pushers_rows(ret)
 
-    async def get_all_pushers(self) -> Iterator[PusherConfig]:
-        def get_pushers(txn: LoggingTransaction) -> Iterator[PusherConfig]:
-            txn.execute("SELECT * FROM pushers")
+    async def get_enabled_pushers(self) -> Iterator[PusherConfig]:
+        def get_enabled_pushers_txn(txn: LoggingTransaction) -> Iterator[PusherConfig]:
+            txn.execute("SELECT * FROM pushers WHERE COALESCE(enabled, TRUE)")
             rows = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)
 
             return self._decode_pushers_rows(rows)
 
-        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction("get_all_pushers", get_pushers)
+        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "get_enabled_pushers", get_enabled_pushers_txn
+        )
 
     async def get_all_updated_pushers_rows(
         self, instance_name: str, last_id: int, current_id: int, limit: int
@@ -458,7 +477,74 @@ class PusherWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         return number_deleted
 
 
-class PusherStore(PusherWorkerStore):
+class PusherBackgroundUpdatesStore(SQLBaseStore):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        database: DatabasePool,
+        db_conn: LoggingDatabaseConnection,
+        hs: "HomeServer",
+    ):
+        super().__init__(database, db_conn, hs)
+
+        self.db_pool.updates.register_background_update_handler(
+            "set_device_id_for_pushers", self._set_device_id_for_pushers
+        )
+
+    async def _set_device_id_for_pushers(
+        self, progress: JsonDict, batch_size: int
+    ) -> int:
+        """Background update to populate the device_id column of the pushers table."""
+        last_pusher_id = progress.get("pusher_id", 0)
+
+        def set_device_id_for_pushers_txn(txn: LoggingTransaction) -> int:
+            txn.execute(
+                """
+                    SELECT p.id, at.device_id
+                    FROM pushers AS p
+                    INNER JOIN access_tokens AS at
+                        ON p.access_token = at.id
+                    WHERE
+                        p.access_token IS NOT NULL
+                        AND at.device_id IS NOT NULL
+                        AND p.id > ?
+                    ORDER BY p.id
+                    LIMIT ?
+                """,
+                (last_pusher_id, batch_size),
+            )
+
+            rows = self.db_pool.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+            if len(rows) == 0:
+                return 0
+
+            self.db_pool.simple_update_many_txn(
+                txn=txn,
+                table="pushers",
+                key_names=("id",),
+                key_values=[(row["id"],) for row in rows],
+                value_names=("device_id",),
+                value_values=[(row["device_id"],) for row in rows],
+            )
+
+            self.db_pool.updates._background_update_progress_txn(
+                txn, "set_device_id_for_pushers", {"pusher_id": rows[-1]["id"]}
+            )
+
+            return len(rows)
+
+        nb_processed = await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "set_device_id_for_pushers", set_device_id_for_pushers_txn
+        )
+
+        if nb_processed < batch_size:
+            await self.db_pool.updates._end_background_update(
+                "set_device_id_for_pushers"
+            )
+
+        return nb_processed
+
+
+class PusherStore(PusherWorkerStore, PusherBackgroundUpdatesStore):
     def get_pushers_stream_token(self) -> int:
         return self._pushers_id_gen.get_current_token()
 
@@ -476,6 +562,8 @@ class PusherStore(PusherWorkerStore):
         data: Optional[JsonDict],
         last_stream_ordering: int,
         profile_tag: str = "",
+        enabled: bool = True,
+        device_id: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         async with self._pushers_id_gen.get_next() as stream_id:
             # no need to lock because `pushers` has a unique key on
@@ -494,6 +582,8 @@ class PusherStore(PusherWorkerStore):
                     "last_stream_ordering": last_stream_ordering,
                     "profile_tag": profile_tag,
                     "id": stream_id,
+                    "enabled": enabled,
+                    "device_id": device_id,
                 },
                 desc="add_pusher",
                 lock=False,
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py
index ddb8e80b69..52fe0db924 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/receipts.py
@@ -540,7 +540,9 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
     async def get_all_updated_receipts(
         self, instance_name: str, last_id: int, current_id: int, limit: int
-    ) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[int, list]], int, bool]:
+    ) -> Tuple[
+        List[Tuple[int, Tuple[str, str, str, str, Optional[str], JsonDict]]], int, bool
+    ]:
         """Get updates for receipts replication stream.
 
         Args:
@@ -567,9 +569,13 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         def get_all_updated_receipts_txn(
             txn: LoggingTransaction,
-        ) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[int, list]], int, bool]:
+        ) -> Tuple[
+            List[Tuple[int, Tuple[str, str, str, str, Optional[str], JsonDict]]],
+            int,
+            bool,
+        ]:
             sql = """
-                SELECT stream_id, room_id, receipt_type, user_id, event_id, data
+                SELECT stream_id, room_id, receipt_type, user_id, event_id, thread_id, data
                 FROM receipts_linearized
                 WHERE ? < stream_id AND stream_id <= ?
                 ORDER BY stream_id ASC
@@ -578,8 +584,8 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             txn.execute(sql, (last_id, current_id, limit))
 
             updates = cast(
-                List[Tuple[int, list]],
-                [(r[0], r[1:5] + (db_to_json(r[5]),)) for r in txn],
+                List[Tuple[int, Tuple[str, str, str, str, Optional[str], JsonDict]]],
+                [(r[0], r[1:6] + (db_to_json(r[6]),)) for r in txn],
             )
 
             limited = False
@@ -631,6 +637,7 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         receipt_type: str,
         user_id: str,
         event_id: str,
+        thread_id: Optional[str],
         data: JsonDict,
         stream_id: int,
     ) -> Optional[int]:
@@ -657,12 +664,27 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         # We don't want to clobber receipts for more recent events, so we
         # have to compare orderings of existing receipts
         if stream_ordering is not None:
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT stream_ordering, event_id FROM events"
-                " INNER JOIN receipts_linearized AS r USING (event_id, room_id)"
-                " WHERE r.room_id = ? AND r.receipt_type = ? AND r.user_id = ?"
+            if thread_id is None:
+                thread_clause = "r.thread_id IS NULL"
+                thread_args: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
+            else:
+                thread_clause = "r.thread_id = ?"
+                thread_args = (thread_id,)
+
+            sql = f"""
+            SELECT stream_ordering, event_id FROM events
+            INNER JOIN receipts_linearized AS r USING (event_id, room_id)
+            WHERE r.room_id = ? AND r.receipt_type = ? AND r.user_id = ? AND {thread_clause}
+            """
+            txn.execute(
+                sql,
+                (
+                    room_id,
+                    receipt_type,
+                    user_id,
+                )
+                + thread_args,
             )
-            txn.execute(sql, (room_id, receipt_type, user_id))
 
             for so, eid in txn:
                 if int(so) >= stream_ordering:
@@ -682,21 +704,28 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             self._receipts_stream_cache.entity_has_changed, room_id, stream_id
         )
 
+        keyvalues = {
+            "room_id": room_id,
+            "receipt_type": receipt_type,
+            "user_id": user_id,
+        }
+        where_clause = ""
+        if thread_id is None:
+            where_clause = "thread_id IS NULL"
+        else:
+            keyvalues["thread_id"] = thread_id
+
         self.db_pool.simple_upsert_txn(
             txn,
             table="receipts_linearized",
-            keyvalues={
-                "room_id": room_id,
-                "receipt_type": receipt_type,
-                "user_id": user_id,
-            },
+            keyvalues=keyvalues,
             values={
                 "stream_id": stream_id,
                 "event_id": event_id,
                 "event_stream_ordering": stream_ordering,
                 "data": json_encoder.encode(data),
-                "thread_id": None,
             },
+            where_clause=where_clause,
             # receipts_linearized has a unique constraint on
             # (user_id, room_id, receipt_type), so no need to lock
             lock=False,
@@ -748,6 +777,7 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         receipt_type: str,
         user_id: str,
         event_ids: List[str],
+        thread_id: Optional[str],
         data: dict,
     ) -> Optional[Tuple[int, int]]:
         """Insert a receipt, either from local client or remote server.
@@ -780,6 +810,7 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 receipt_type,
                 user_id,
                 linearized_event_id,
+                thread_id,
                 data,
                 stream_id=stream_id,
                 # Read committed is actually beneficial here because we check for a receipt with
@@ -794,7 +825,8 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         now = self._clock.time_msec()
         logger.debug(
-            "RR for event %s in %s (%i ms old)",
+            "Receipt %s for event %s in %s (%i ms old)",
+            receipt_type,
             linearized_event_id,
             room_id,
             now - event_ts,
@@ -807,6 +839,7 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
             receipt_type,
             user_id,
             event_ids,
+            thread_id,
             data,
         )
 
@@ -821,6 +854,7 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         receipt_type: str,
         user_id: str,
         event_ids: List[str],
+        thread_id: Optional[str],
         data: JsonDict,
     ) -> None:
         assert self._can_write_to_receipts
@@ -832,19 +866,26 @@ class ReceiptsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         # FIXME: This shouldn't invalidate the whole cache
         txn.call_after(self._get_linearized_receipts_for_room.invalidate, (room_id,))
 
+        keyvalues = {
+            "room_id": room_id,
+            "receipt_type": receipt_type,
+            "user_id": user_id,
+        }
+        where_clause = ""
+        if thread_id is None:
+            where_clause = "thread_id IS NULL"
+        else:
+            keyvalues["thread_id"] = thread_id
+
         self.db_pool.simple_upsert_txn(
             txn,
             table="receipts_graph",
-            keyvalues={
-                "room_id": room_id,
-                "receipt_type": receipt_type,
-                "user_id": user_id,
-            },
+            keyvalues=keyvalues,
             values={
                 "event_ids": json_encoder.encode(event_ids),
                 "data": json_encoder.encode(data),
-                "thread_id": None,
             },
+            where_clause=where_clause,
             # receipts_graph has a unique constraint on
             # (user_id, room_id, receipt_type), so no need to lock
             lock=False,
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/relations.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/relations.py
index 7bd27790eb..898947af95 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/relations.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/relations.py
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ class _RelatedEvent:
     event_id: str
     # The sender of the related event.
     sender: str
+    topological_ordering: Optional[int]
+    stream_ordering: int
 
 
 class RelationsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
@@ -91,6 +93,9 @@ class RelationsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         # it. The `event_id` must match the `event.event_id`.
         assert event.event_id == event_id
 
+        # Ensure bad limits aren't being passed in.
+        assert limit >= 0
+
         where_clause = ["relates_to_id = ?", "room_id = ?"]
         where_args: List[Union[str, int]] = [event.event_id, room_id]
         is_redacted = event.internal_metadata.is_redacted()
@@ -139,21 +144,34 @@ class RelationsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
         ) -> Tuple[List[_RelatedEvent], Optional[StreamToken]]:
             txn.execute(sql, where_args + [limit + 1])
 
-            last_topo_id = None
-            last_stream_id = None
             events = []
-            for row in txn:
+            for event_id, relation_type, sender, topo_ordering, stream_ordering in txn:
                 # Do not include edits for redacted events as they leak event
                 # content.
-                if not is_redacted or row[1] != RelationTypes.REPLACE:
-                    events.append(_RelatedEvent(row[0], row[2]))
-                last_topo_id = row[3]
-                last_stream_id = row[4]
+                if not is_redacted or relation_type != RelationTypes.REPLACE:
+                    events.append(
+                        _RelatedEvent(event_id, sender, topo_ordering, stream_ordering)
+                    )
 
-            # If there are more events, generate the next pagination key.
+            # If there are more events, generate the next pagination key from the
+            # last event returned.
             next_token = None
-            if len(events) > limit and last_topo_id and last_stream_id:
-                next_key = RoomStreamToken(last_topo_id, last_stream_id)
+            if len(events) > limit:
+                # Instead of using the last row (which tells us there is more
+                # data), use the last row to be returned.
+                events = events[:limit]
+
+                topo = events[-1].topological_ordering
+                token = events[-1].stream_ordering
+                if direction == "b":
+                    # Tokens are positions between events.
+                    # This token points *after* the last event in the chunk.
+                    # We need it to point to the event before it in the chunk
+                    # when we are going backwards so we subtract one from the
+                    # stream part.
+                    token -= 1
+                next_key = RoomStreamToken(topo, token)
+
                 if from_token:
                     next_token = from_token.copy_and_replace(
                         StreamKeyType.ROOM, next_key
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py
index bef66f1992..5dd116d766 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/room.py
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ from typing import (
     List,
     Mapping,
     Optional,
+    Sequence,
     Tuple,
     Union,
     cast,
@@ -1133,6 +1134,22 @@ class RoomWorkerStore(CacheInvalidationWorkerStore):
             get_rooms_for_retention_period_in_range_txn,
         )
 
+    async def get_partial_state_servers_at_join(self, room_id: str) -> Sequence[str]:
+        """Gets the list of servers in a partial state room at the time we joined it.
+
+        Returns:
+            The `servers_in_room` list from the `/send_join` response for partial state
+            rooms. May not be accurate or complete, as it comes from a remote
+            homeserver.
+            An empty list for full state rooms.
+        """
+        return await self.db_pool.simple_select_onecol(
+            "partial_state_rooms_servers",
+            keyvalues={"room_id": room_id},
+            retcol="server_name",
+            desc="get_partial_state_servers_at_join",
+        )
+
     async def get_partial_state_rooms_and_servers(
         self,
     ) -> Mapping[str, Collection[str]]:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
index a8d224602a..8ada3cdac3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/roommember.py
@@ -662,31 +662,37 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
         if not user_ids:
             return set()
 
-        def _get_users_server_still_shares_room_with_txn(
-            txn: LoggingTransaction,
-        ) -> Set[str]:
-            sql = """
-                SELECT state_key FROM current_state_events
-                WHERE
-                    type = 'm.room.member'
-                    AND membership = 'join'
-                    AND %s
-                GROUP BY state_key
-            """
-
-            clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
-                self.database_engine, "state_key", user_ids
-            )
+        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
+            "get_users_server_still_shares_room_with",
+            self.get_users_server_still_shares_room_with_txn,
+            user_ids,
+        )
 
-            txn.execute(sql % (clause,), args)
+    def get_users_server_still_shares_room_with_txn(
+        self,
+        txn: LoggingTransaction,
+        user_ids: Collection[str],
+    ) -> Set[str]:
+        if not user_ids:
+            return set()
 
-            return {row[0] for row in txn}
+        sql = """
+            SELECT state_key FROM current_state_events
+            WHERE
+                type = 'm.room.member'
+                AND membership = 'join'
+                AND %s
+            GROUP BY state_key
+        """
 
-        return await self.db_pool.runInteraction(
-            "get_users_server_still_shares_room_with",
-            _get_users_server_still_shares_room_with_txn,
+        clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
+            self.database_engine, "state_key", user_ids
         )
 
+        txn.execute(sql % (clause,), args)
+
+        return {row[0] for row in txn}
+
     @cancellable
     async def get_rooms_for_user(
         self, user_id: str, on_invalidate: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py
index 3f9bfaeac5..530f04e149 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/stream.py
@@ -1334,15 +1334,15 @@ class StreamWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, SQLBaseStore):
 
         if rows:
             topo = rows[-1].topological_ordering
-            toke = rows[-1].stream_ordering
+            token = rows[-1].stream_ordering
             if direction == "b":
                 # Tokens are positions between events.
                 # This token points *after* the last event in the chunk.
                 # We need it to point to the event before it in the chunk
                 # when we are going backwards so we subtract one from the
                 # stream part.
-                toke -= 1
-            next_token = RoomStreamToken(topo, toke)
+                token -= 1
+            next_token = RoomStreamToken(topo, token)
         else:
             # TODO (erikj): We should work out what to do here instead.
             next_token = to_token if to_token else from_token
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py b/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py
index 0d16a419a4..70e594a68f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/_base.py
@@ -32,9 +32,10 @@ class IncorrectDatabaseSetup(RuntimeError):
 
 
 ConnectionType = TypeVar("ConnectionType", bound=Connection)
+CursorType = TypeVar("CursorType", bound=Cursor)
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseEngine(Generic[ConnectionType], metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+class BaseDatabaseEngine(Generic[ConnectionType, CursorType], metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
     def __init__(self, module: DBAPI2Module, config: Mapping[str, Any]):
         self.module = module
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ class BaseDatabaseEngine(Generic[ConnectionType], metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         ...
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def check_new_database(self, txn: Cursor) -> None:
+    def check_new_database(self, txn: CursorType) -> None:
         """Gets called when setting up a brand new database. This allows us to
         apply stricter checks on new databases versus existing database.
         """
@@ -124,3 +125,21 @@ class BaseDatabaseEngine(Generic[ConnectionType], metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         Note: This has no effect on SQLite3, as transactions are SERIALIZABLE by default.
         """
         ...
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def executescript(cursor: CursorType, script: str) -> None:
+        """Execute a chunk of SQL containing multiple semicolon-delimited statements.
+
+        This is not provided by DBAPI2, and so needs engine-specific support.
+        """
+        ...
+
+    @classmethod
+    def execute_script_file(cls, cursor: CursorType, filepath: str) -> None:
+        """Execute a file containing multiple semicolon-delimited SQL statements.
+
+        This is not provided by DBAPI2, and so needs engine-specific support.
+        """
+        with open(filepath, "rt") as f:
+            cls.executescript(cursor, f.read())
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py b/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
index 7f7d006ac2..d8c0f64d9a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class PostgresEngine(BaseDatabaseEngine[psycopg2.extensions.connection]):
+class PostgresEngine(
+    BaseDatabaseEngine[psycopg2.extensions.connection, psycopg2.extensions.cursor]
+):
     def __init__(self, database_config: Mapping[str, Any]):
         super().__init__(psycopg2, database_config)
         psycopg2.extensions.register_type(psycopg2.extensions.UNICODE)
@@ -212,3 +214,11 @@ class PostgresEngine(BaseDatabaseEngine[psycopg2.extensions.connection]):
         else:
             isolation_level = self.isolation_level_map[isolation_level]
         return conn.set_isolation_level(isolation_level)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def executescript(cursor: psycopg2.extensions.cursor, script: str) -> None:
+        """Execute a chunk of SQL containing multiple semicolon-delimited statements.
+
+        Psycopg2 seems happy to do this in DBAPI2's `execute()` function.
+        """
+        cursor.execute(script)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py b/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py
index 095ae0a096..faa574dbfd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/sqlite.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from synapse.storage.database import LoggingDatabaseConnection
 
 
-class Sqlite3Engine(BaseDatabaseEngine[sqlite3.Connection]):
+class Sqlite3Engine(BaseDatabaseEngine[sqlite3.Connection, sqlite3.Cursor]):
     def __init__(self, database_config: Mapping[str, Any]):
         super().__init__(sqlite3, database_config)
 
@@ -120,6 +120,25 @@ class Sqlite3Engine(BaseDatabaseEngine[sqlite3.Connection]):
         # All transactions are SERIALIZABLE by default in sqlite
         pass
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def executescript(cursor: sqlite3.Cursor, script: str) -> None:
+        """Execute a chunk of SQL containing multiple semicolon-delimited statements.
+
+        Python's built-in SQLite driver does not allow you to do this with DBAPI2's
+        `execute`:
+
+        > execute() will only execute a single SQL statement. If you try to execute more
+        > than one statement with it, it will raise a Warning. Use executescript() if
+        > you want to execute multiple SQL statements with one call.
+
+        Though the docs for `executescript` warn:
+
+        > If there is a pending transaction, an implicit COMMIT statement is executed
+        > first. No other implicit transaction control is performed; any transaction
+        > control must be added to sql_script.
+        """
+        cursor.executescript(script)
+
 
 # Following functions taken from: https://github.com/coleifer/peewee
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py b/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
index 09a2b58f4c..3acdb39da7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ def _setup_new_database(
             ".sql." + specific
         ):
             logger.debug("Applying schema %s", entry.absolute_path)
-            executescript(cur, entry.absolute_path)
+            database_engine.execute_script_file(cur, entry.absolute_path)
 
     cur.execute(
         "INSERT INTO schema_version (version, upgraded) VALUES (?,?)",
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ def _upgrade_existing_database(
                         UNAPPLIED_DELTA_ON_WORKER_ERROR % relative_path
                     )
                 logger.info("Applying schema %s", relative_path)
-                executescript(cur, absolute_path)
+                database_engine.execute_script_file(cur, absolute_path)
             elif ext == specific_engine_extension and root_name.endswith(".sql"):
                 # A .sql file specific to our engine; just read and execute it
                 if is_worker:
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ def _upgrade_existing_database(
                         UNAPPLIED_DELTA_ON_WORKER_ERROR % relative_path
                     )
                 logger.info("Applying engine-specific schema %s", relative_path)
-                executescript(cur, absolute_path)
+                database_engine.execute_script_file(cur, absolute_path)
             elif ext in specific_engine_extensions and root_name.endswith(".sql"):
                 # A .sql file for a different engine; skip it.
                 continue
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ def _get_or_create_schema_state(
 ) -> Optional[_SchemaState]:
     # Bluntly try creating the schema_version tables.
     sql_path = os.path.join(schema_path, "common", "schema_version.sql")
-    executescript(txn, sql_path)
+    database_engine.execute_script_file(txn, sql_path)
 
     txn.execute("SELECT version, upgraded FROM schema_version")
     row = txn.fetchone()
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres b/synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f0e546f052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+CREATE TABLE background_updates (
+    update_name text NOT NULL,
+    progress_json text NOT NULL,
+    depends_on text,
+    ordering integer DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL
+);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY background_updates
+    ADD CONSTRAINT background_updates_uniqueness UNIQUE (update_name);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite b/synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5a2c04aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/common/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+CREATE TABLE background_updates (
+    update_name text NOT NULL,
+    progress_json text NOT NULL,
+    depends_on text, ordering INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    CONSTRAINT background_updates_uniqueness UNIQUE (update_name)
+);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/02add_pusher_enabled.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/02add_pusher_enabled.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dba3b4900b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/02add_pusher_enabled.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/* Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+ALTER TABLE pushers ADD COLUMN enabled BOOLEAN;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/03pusher_device_id.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/03pusher_device_id.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b4ffbeebe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/main/delta/73/03pusher_device_id.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/* Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+-- Add a device_id column to track the device ID that created the pusher. It's NULLable
+-- on purpose, because a) it might not be possible to track down the device that created
+-- old pushers (pushers.access_token and access_tokens.device_id are both NULLable), and
+-- b) access tokens retrieved via the admin API don't have a device associated to them.
+ALTER TABLE pushers ADD COLUMN device_id TEXT;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres b/synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d421fd9ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres
@@ -0,0 +1,1344 @@
+CREATE FUNCTION check_partial_state_events() RETURNS trigger
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+            BEGIN
+                IF EXISTS (
+                    SELECT 1 FROM events
+                    WHERE events.event_id = NEW.event_id
+                       AND events.room_id != NEW.room_id
+                ) THEN
+                    RAISE EXCEPTION 'Incorrect room_id in partial_state_events';
+                END IF;
+                RETURN NEW;
+            END;
+            $$;
+CREATE TABLE access_tokens (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text,
+    token text NOT NULL,
+    valid_until_ms bigint,
+    puppets_user_id text,
+    last_validated bigint,
+    refresh_token_id bigint,
+    used boolean
+);
+CREATE TABLE account_data (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    account_data_type text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    content text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE account_data_sequence
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE account_validity (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    expiration_ts_ms bigint NOT NULL,
+    email_sent boolean NOT NULL,
+    renewal_token text,
+    token_used_ts_ms bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE application_services_state (
+    as_id text NOT NULL,
+    state character varying(5),
+    read_receipt_stream_id bigint,
+    presence_stream_id bigint,
+    to_device_stream_id bigint,
+    device_list_stream_id bigint
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE application_services_txn_id_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE application_services_txns (
+    as_id text NOT NULL,
+    txn_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    event_ids text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE appservice_room_list (
+    appservice_id text NOT NULL,
+    network_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE appservice_stream_position (
+    lock character(1) DEFAULT 'X'::bpchar NOT NULL,
+    stream_ordering bigint,
+    CONSTRAINT appservice_stream_position_lock_check CHECK ((lock = 'X'::bpchar))
+);
+CREATE TABLE batch_events (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    batch_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE blocked_rooms (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE cache_invalidation_stream_by_instance (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text NOT NULL,
+    cache_func text NOT NULL,
+    keys text[],
+    invalidation_ts bigint
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE cache_invalidation_stream_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE current_state_delta_stream (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    state_key text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text,
+    prev_event_id text,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE TABLE current_state_events (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    state_key text NOT NULL,
+    membership text
+);
+CREATE TABLE dehydrated_devices (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_data text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE deleted_pushers (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    app_id text NOT NULL,
+    pushkey text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE destination_rooms (
+    destination text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    stream_ordering bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE destinations (
+    destination text NOT NULL,
+    retry_last_ts bigint,
+    retry_interval bigint,
+    failure_ts bigint,
+    last_successful_stream_ordering bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_auth_providers (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    auth_provider_id text NOT NULL,
+    auth_provider_session_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_federation_inbox (
+    origin text NOT NULL,
+    message_id text NOT NULL,
+    received_ts bigint NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_federation_outbox (
+    destination text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    queued_ts bigint NOT NULL,
+    messages_json text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_inbox (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    message_json text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE device_inbox_sequence
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_changes_in_room (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    converted_to_destinations boolean NOT NULL,
+    opentracing_context text
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_outbound_last_success (
+    destination text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_outbound_pokes (
+    destination text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    sent boolean NOT NULL,
+    ts bigint NOT NULL,
+    opentracing_context text
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_remote_cache (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    content text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_remote_extremeties (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_remote_resync (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    added_ts bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_stream (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE devices (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    display_name text,
+    last_seen bigint,
+    ip text,
+    user_agent text,
+    hidden boolean DEFAULT false
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_cross_signing_keys (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    keytype text NOT NULL,
+    keydata text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_cross_signing_signatures (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    key_id text NOT NULL,
+    target_user_id text NOT NULL,
+    target_device_id text NOT NULL,
+    signature text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_device_keys_json (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    ts_added_ms bigint NOT NULL,
+    key_json text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_fallback_keys_json (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    algorithm text NOT NULL,
+    key_id text NOT NULL,
+    key_json text NOT NULL,
+    used boolean DEFAULT false NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_one_time_keys_json (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    algorithm text NOT NULL,
+    key_id text NOT NULL,
+    ts_added_ms bigint NOT NULL,
+    key_json text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_room_keys (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    version bigint NOT NULL,
+    first_message_index integer,
+    forwarded_count integer,
+    is_verified boolean,
+    session_data text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_room_keys_versions (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    version bigint NOT NULL,
+    algorithm text NOT NULL,
+    auth_data text NOT NULL,
+    deleted smallint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    etag bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE erased_users (
+    user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_auth (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    auth_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE event_auth_chain_id
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE event_auth_chain_links (
+    origin_chain_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    origin_sequence_number bigint NOT NULL,
+    target_chain_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    target_sequence_number bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_auth_chain_to_calculate (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    state_key text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_auth_chains (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    chain_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    sequence_number bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_backward_extremities (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_edges (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    prev_event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text,
+    is_state boolean DEFAULT false NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_expiry (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    expiry_ts bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_forward_extremities (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_json (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    internal_metadata text NOT NULL,
+    json text NOT NULL,
+    format_version integer
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_labels (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    label text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    topological_ordering bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_actions (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    profile_tag character varying(32),
+    actions text NOT NULL,
+    topological_ordering bigint,
+    stream_ordering bigint,
+    notif smallint,
+    highlight smallint,
+    unread smallint,
+    thread_id text
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_actions_staging (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    actions text NOT NULL,
+    notif smallint NOT NULL,
+    highlight smallint NOT NULL,
+    unread smallint,
+    thread_id text
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    notif_count bigint NOT NULL,
+    stream_ordering bigint NOT NULL,
+    unread_count bigint,
+    last_receipt_stream_ordering bigint,
+    thread_id text
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id (
+    lock character(1) DEFAULT 'X'::bpchar NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    CONSTRAINT event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id_lock_check CHECK ((lock = 'X'::bpchar))
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary_stream_ordering (
+    lock character(1) DEFAULT 'X'::bpchar NOT NULL,
+    stream_ordering bigint NOT NULL,
+    CONSTRAINT event_push_summary_stream_ordering_lock_check CHECK ((lock = 'X'::bpchar))
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_relations (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    relates_to_id text NOT NULL,
+    relation_type text NOT NULL,
+    aggregation_key text
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_reports (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    received_ts bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    reason text,
+    content text
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_search (
+    event_id text,
+    room_id text,
+    sender text,
+    key text,
+    vector tsvector,
+    origin_server_ts bigint,
+    stream_ordering bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_to_state_groups (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    state_group bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE event_txn_id (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    token_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    txn_id text NOT NULL,
+    inserted_ts bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE events (
+    topological_ordering bigint NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    content text,
+    unrecognized_keys text,
+    processed boolean NOT NULL,
+    outlier boolean NOT NULL,
+    depth bigint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    origin_server_ts bigint,
+    received_ts bigint,
+    sender text,
+    contains_url boolean,
+    instance_name text,
+    stream_ordering bigint,
+    state_key text,
+    rejection_reason text
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE events_backfill_stream_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE SEQUENCE events_stream_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE ex_outlier_stream (
+    event_stream_ordering bigint NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    state_group bigint NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE TABLE federation_inbound_events_staging (
+    origin text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    received_ts bigint NOT NULL,
+    event_json text NOT NULL,
+    internal_metadata text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE federation_stream_position (
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text DEFAULT 'master'::text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE ignored_users (
+    ignorer_user_id text NOT NULL,
+    ignored_user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE insertion_event_edges (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    insertion_prev_event_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE insertion_event_extremities (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE insertion_events (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    next_batch_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE instance_map (
+    instance_id integer NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE instance_map_instance_id_seq
+    AS integer
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+ALTER SEQUENCE instance_map_instance_id_seq OWNED BY instance_map.instance_id;
+CREATE TABLE local_current_membership (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    membership text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE local_media_repository (
+    media_id text,
+    media_type text,
+    media_length integer,
+    created_ts bigint,
+    upload_name text,
+    user_id text,
+    quarantined_by text,
+    url_cache text,
+    last_access_ts bigint,
+    safe_from_quarantine boolean DEFAULT false NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE local_media_repository_thumbnails (
+    media_id text,
+    thumbnail_width integer,
+    thumbnail_height integer,
+    thumbnail_type text,
+    thumbnail_method text,
+    thumbnail_length integer
+);
+CREATE TABLE local_media_repository_url_cache (
+    url text,
+    response_code integer,
+    etag text,
+    expires_ts bigint,
+    og text,
+    media_id text,
+    download_ts bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE monthly_active_users (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    "timestamp" bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE open_id_tokens (
+    token text NOT NULL,
+    ts_valid_until_ms bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE partial_state_events (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE partial_state_rooms (
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE partial_state_rooms_servers (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    server_name text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE presence (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    state character varying(20),
+    status_msg text,
+    mtime bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE presence_stream (
+    stream_id bigint,
+    user_id text,
+    state text,
+    last_active_ts bigint,
+    last_federation_update_ts bigint,
+    last_user_sync_ts bigint,
+    status_msg text,
+    currently_active boolean,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE presence_stream_sequence
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE profiles (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    displayname text,
+    avatar_url text
+);
+CREATE TABLE push_rules (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_name text NOT NULL,
+    rule_id text NOT NULL,
+    priority_class smallint NOT NULL,
+    priority integer DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    conditions text NOT NULL,
+    actions text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE push_rules_enable (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_name text NOT NULL,
+    rule_id text NOT NULL,
+    enabled smallint
+);
+CREATE TABLE push_rules_stream (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    event_stream_ordering bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    rule_id text NOT NULL,
+    op text NOT NULL,
+    priority_class smallint,
+    priority integer,
+    conditions text,
+    actions text
+);
+CREATE TABLE pusher_throttle (
+    pusher bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    last_sent_ts bigint,
+    throttle_ms bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE pushers (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_name text NOT NULL,
+    access_token bigint,
+    profile_tag text NOT NULL,
+    kind text NOT NULL,
+    app_id text NOT NULL,
+    app_display_name text NOT NULL,
+    device_display_name text NOT NULL,
+    pushkey text NOT NULL,
+    ts bigint NOT NULL,
+    lang text,
+    data text,
+    last_stream_ordering bigint,
+    last_success bigint,
+    failing_since bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE ratelimit_override (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    messages_per_second bigint,
+    burst_count bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE receipts_graph (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    receipt_type text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_ids text NOT NULL,
+    data text NOT NULL,
+    thread_id text
+);
+CREATE TABLE receipts_linearized (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    receipt_type text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    data text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text,
+    event_stream_ordering bigint,
+    thread_id text
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE receipts_sequence
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE received_transactions (
+    transaction_id text,
+    origin text,
+    ts bigint,
+    response_code integer,
+    response_json bytea,
+    has_been_referenced smallint DEFAULT 0
+);
+CREATE TABLE redactions (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    redacts text NOT NULL,
+    have_censored boolean DEFAULT false NOT NULL,
+    received_ts bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE refresh_tokens (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text NOT NULL,
+    token text NOT NULL,
+    next_token_id bigint,
+    expiry_ts bigint,
+    ultimate_session_expiry_ts bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE registration_tokens (
+    token text NOT NULL,
+    uses_allowed integer,
+    pending integer NOT NULL,
+    completed integer NOT NULL,
+    expiry_time bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE rejections (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    reason text NOT NULL,
+    last_check text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE remote_media_cache (
+    media_origin text,
+    media_id text,
+    media_type text,
+    created_ts bigint,
+    upload_name text,
+    media_length integer,
+    filesystem_id text,
+    last_access_ts bigint,
+    quarantined_by text
+);
+CREATE TABLE remote_media_cache_thumbnails (
+    media_origin text,
+    media_id text,
+    thumbnail_width integer,
+    thumbnail_height integer,
+    thumbnail_method text,
+    thumbnail_type text,
+    thumbnail_length integer,
+    filesystem_id text
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_account_data (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    account_data_type text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    content text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_alias_servers (
+    room_alias text NOT NULL,
+    server text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_aliases (
+    room_alias text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    creator text
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_depth (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    min_depth bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_memberships (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    sender text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    membership text NOT NULL,
+    forgotten integer DEFAULT 0,
+    display_name text,
+    avatar_url text
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_retention (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    min_lifetime bigint,
+    max_lifetime bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_stats_current (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    current_state_events integer NOT NULL,
+    joined_members integer NOT NULL,
+    invited_members integer NOT NULL,
+    left_members integer NOT NULL,
+    banned_members integer NOT NULL,
+    local_users_in_room integer NOT NULL,
+    completed_delta_stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    knocked_members integer
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_stats_earliest_token (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    token bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_stats_state (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    name text,
+    canonical_alias text,
+    join_rules text,
+    history_visibility text,
+    encryption text,
+    avatar text,
+    guest_access text,
+    is_federatable boolean,
+    topic text,
+    room_type text
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_tags (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    tag text NOT NULL,
+    content text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_tags_revisions (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text
+);
+CREATE TABLE rooms (
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    is_public boolean,
+    creator text,
+    room_version text,
+    has_auth_chain_index boolean
+);
+CREATE TABLE server_keys_json (
+    server_name text NOT NULL,
+    key_id text NOT NULL,
+    from_server text NOT NULL,
+    ts_added_ms bigint NOT NULL,
+    ts_valid_until_ms bigint NOT NULL,
+    key_json bytea NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE server_signature_keys (
+    server_name text,
+    key_id text,
+    from_server text,
+    ts_added_ms bigint,
+    verify_key bytea,
+    ts_valid_until_ms bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE sessions (
+    session_type text NOT NULL,
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    value text NOT NULL,
+    expiry_time_ms bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE state_events (
+    event_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    state_key text NOT NULL,
+    prev_state text
+);
+CREATE TABLE stats_incremental_position (
+    lock character(1) DEFAULT 'X'::bpchar NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    CONSTRAINT stats_incremental_position_lock_check CHECK ((lock = 'X'::bpchar))
+);
+CREATE TABLE stream_ordering_to_exterm (
+    stream_ordering bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE stream_positions (
+    stream_name text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE threepid_guest_access_tokens (
+    medium text,
+    address text,
+    guest_access_token text,
+    first_inviter text
+);
+CREATE TABLE threepid_validation_session (
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    medium text NOT NULL,
+    address text NOT NULL,
+    client_secret text NOT NULL,
+    last_send_attempt bigint NOT NULL,
+    validated_at bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE threepid_validation_token (
+    token text NOT NULL,
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    next_link text,
+    expires bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE ui_auth_sessions (
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    creation_time bigint NOT NULL,
+    serverdict text NOT NULL,
+    clientdict text NOT NULL,
+    uri text NOT NULL,
+    method text NOT NULL,
+    description text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE ui_auth_sessions_credentials (
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    stage_type text NOT NULL,
+    result text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE ui_auth_sessions_ips (
+    session_id text NOT NULL,
+    ip text NOT NULL,
+    user_agent text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_daily_visits (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text,
+    "timestamp" bigint NOT NULL,
+    user_agent text
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_directory (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text,
+    display_name text,
+    avatar_url text
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_directory_search (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    vector tsvector
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_directory_stream_pos (
+    lock character(1) DEFAULT 'X'::bpchar NOT NULL,
+    stream_id bigint,
+    CONSTRAINT user_directory_stream_pos_lock_check CHECK ((lock = 'X'::bpchar))
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_external_ids (
+    auth_provider text NOT NULL,
+    external_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_filters (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    filter_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    filter_json bytea NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE user_id_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE user_ips (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    access_token text NOT NULL,
+    device_id text,
+    ip text NOT NULL,
+    user_agent text NOT NULL,
+    last_seen bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_signature_stream (
+    stream_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    from_user_id text NOT NULL,
+    user_ids text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_stats_current (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    joined_rooms bigint NOT NULL,
+    completed_delta_stream_id bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_threepid_id_server (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    medium text NOT NULL,
+    address text NOT NULL,
+    id_server text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_threepids (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    medium text NOT NULL,
+    address text NOT NULL,
+    validated_at bigint NOT NULL,
+    added_at bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    name text,
+    password_hash text,
+    creation_ts bigint,
+    admin smallint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    upgrade_ts bigint,
+    is_guest smallint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    appservice_id text,
+    consent_version text,
+    consent_server_notice_sent text,
+    user_type text,
+    deactivated smallint DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
+    shadow_banned boolean,
+    consent_ts bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE users_in_public_rooms (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE users_pending_deactivation (
+    user_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE users_to_send_full_presence_to (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    presence_stream_id bigint
+);
+CREATE TABLE users_who_share_private_rooms (
+    user_id text NOT NULL,
+    other_user_id text NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE worker_locks (
+    lock_name text NOT NULL,
+    lock_key text NOT NULL,
+    instance_name text NOT NULL,
+    token text NOT NULL,
+    last_renewed_ts bigint NOT NULL
+);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY instance_map ALTER COLUMN instance_id SET DEFAULT nextval('instance_map_instance_id_seq'::regclass);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY access_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT access_tokens_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY access_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT access_tokens_token_key UNIQUE (token);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY account_data
+    ADD CONSTRAINT account_data_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, account_data_type);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY account_validity
+    ADD CONSTRAINT account_validity_pkey PRIMARY KEY (user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY application_services_state
+    ADD CONSTRAINT application_services_state_pkey PRIMARY KEY (as_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY application_services_txns
+    ADD CONSTRAINT application_services_txns_as_id_txn_id_key UNIQUE (as_id, txn_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY appservice_stream_position
+    ADD CONSTRAINT appservice_stream_position_lock_key UNIQUE (lock);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY current_state_events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT current_state_events_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY current_state_events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT current_state_events_room_id_type_state_key_key UNIQUE (room_id, type, state_key);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY dehydrated_devices
+    ADD CONSTRAINT dehydrated_devices_pkey PRIMARY KEY (user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY destination_rooms
+    ADD CONSTRAINT destination_rooms_pkey PRIMARY KEY (destination, room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY destinations
+    ADD CONSTRAINT destinations_pkey PRIMARY KEY (destination);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY devices
+    ADD CONSTRAINT device_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY e2e_device_keys_json
+    ADD CONSTRAINT e2e_device_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY e2e_fallback_keys_json
+    ADD CONSTRAINT e2e_fallback_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id, algorithm);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY e2e_one_time_keys_json
+    ADD CONSTRAINT e2e_one_time_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id, algorithm, key_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_auth_chain_to_calculate
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_auth_chain_to_calculate_pkey PRIMARY KEY (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_auth_chains
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_auth_chains_pkey PRIMARY KEY (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_backward_extremities
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_backward_extremities_event_id_room_id_key UNIQUE (event_id, room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_expiry
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_expiry_pkey PRIMARY KEY (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_forward_extremities
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_forward_extremities_event_id_room_id_key UNIQUE (event_id, room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_push_actions
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_id_user_id_profile_tag_uniqueness UNIQUE (room_id, event_id, user_id, profile_tag);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_json
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_json_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_labels
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_labels_pkey PRIMARY KEY (event_id, label);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id_lock_key UNIQUE (lock);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_push_summary_stream_ordering
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_push_summary_stream_ordering_lock_key UNIQUE (lock);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_reports
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_reports_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_to_state_groups
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_to_state_groups_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT events_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY ex_outlier_stream
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ex_outlier_stream_pkey PRIMARY KEY (event_stream_ordering);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY instance_map
+    ADD CONSTRAINT instance_map_pkey PRIMARY KEY (instance_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY local_media_repository
+    ADD CONSTRAINT local_media_repository_media_id_key UNIQUE (media_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY user_threepids
+    ADD CONSTRAINT medium_address UNIQUE (medium, address);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY open_id_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT open_id_tokens_pkey PRIMARY KEY (token);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_events_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_rooms
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_rooms_pkey PRIMARY KEY (room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_rooms_servers
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_rooms_servers_room_id_server_name_key UNIQUE (room_id, server_name);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY presence
+    ADD CONSTRAINT presence_user_id_key UNIQUE (user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY profiles
+    ADD CONSTRAINT profiles_user_id_key UNIQUE (user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY push_rules_enable
+    ADD CONSTRAINT push_rules_enable_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY push_rules_enable
+    ADD CONSTRAINT push_rules_enable_user_name_rule_id_key UNIQUE (user_name, rule_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY push_rules
+    ADD CONSTRAINT push_rules_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY push_rules
+    ADD CONSTRAINT push_rules_user_name_rule_id_key UNIQUE (user_name, rule_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY pusher_throttle
+    ADD CONSTRAINT pusher_throttle_pkey PRIMARY KEY (pusher, room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY pushers
+    ADD CONSTRAINT pushers2_app_id_pushkey_user_name_key UNIQUE (app_id, pushkey, user_name);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY pushers
+    ADD CONSTRAINT pushers2_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY receipts_graph
+    ADD CONSTRAINT receipts_graph_uniqueness UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY receipts_graph
+    ADD CONSTRAINT receipts_graph_uniqueness_thread UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id, thread_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY receipts_linearized
+    ADD CONSTRAINT receipts_linearized_uniqueness UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY receipts_linearized
+    ADD CONSTRAINT receipts_linearized_uniqueness_thread UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id, thread_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY received_transactions
+    ADD CONSTRAINT received_transactions_transaction_id_origin_key UNIQUE (transaction_id, origin);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY redactions
+    ADD CONSTRAINT redactions_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY refresh_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT refresh_tokens_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY refresh_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT refresh_tokens_token_key UNIQUE (token);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY registration_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT registration_tokens_token_key UNIQUE (token);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY rejections
+    ADD CONSTRAINT rejections_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY remote_media_cache
+    ADD CONSTRAINT remote_media_cache_media_origin_media_id_key UNIQUE (media_origin, media_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_account_data
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_account_data_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, room_id, account_data_type);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_aliases
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_aliases_room_alias_key UNIQUE (room_alias);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_depth
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_depth_room_id_key UNIQUE (room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_memberships
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_memberships_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_retention
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_retention_pkey PRIMARY KEY (room_id, event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_stats_current
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_stats_current_pkey PRIMARY KEY (room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_tags_revisions
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_tag_revisions_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY room_tags
+    ADD CONSTRAINT room_tag_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, room_id, tag);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY rooms
+    ADD CONSTRAINT rooms_pkey PRIMARY KEY (room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY server_keys_json
+    ADD CONSTRAINT server_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (server_name, key_id, from_server);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY server_signature_keys
+    ADD CONSTRAINT server_signature_keys_server_name_key_id_key UNIQUE (server_name, key_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY sessions
+    ADD CONSTRAINT sessions_session_type_session_id_key UNIQUE (session_type, session_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY state_events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT state_events_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY stats_incremental_position
+    ADD CONSTRAINT stats_incremental_position_lock_key UNIQUE (lock);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY threepid_validation_session
+    ADD CONSTRAINT threepid_validation_session_pkey PRIMARY KEY (session_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY threepid_validation_token
+    ADD CONSTRAINT threepid_validation_token_pkey PRIMARY KEY (token);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY ui_auth_sessions_credentials
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ui_auth_sessions_credentials_session_id_stage_type_key UNIQUE (session_id, stage_type);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY ui_auth_sessions_ips
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ui_auth_sessions_ips_session_id_ip_user_agent_key UNIQUE (session_id, ip, user_agent);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY ui_auth_sessions
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ui_auth_sessions_session_id_key UNIQUE (session_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY user_directory_stream_pos
+    ADD CONSTRAINT user_directory_stream_pos_lock_key UNIQUE (lock);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY user_external_ids
+    ADD CONSTRAINT user_external_ids_auth_provider_external_id_key UNIQUE (auth_provider, external_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY user_stats_current
+    ADD CONSTRAINT user_stats_current_pkey PRIMARY KEY (user_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY users
+    ADD CONSTRAINT users_name_key UNIQUE (name);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY users_to_send_full_presence_to
+    ADD CONSTRAINT users_to_send_full_presence_to_pkey PRIMARY KEY (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX access_tokens_device_id ON access_tokens USING btree (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE INDEX account_data_stream_id ON account_data USING btree (user_id, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX application_services_txns_id ON application_services_txns USING btree (as_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX appservice_room_list_idx ON appservice_room_list USING btree (appservice_id, network_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX batch_events_batch_id ON batch_events USING btree (batch_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX blocked_rooms_idx ON blocked_rooms USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX cache_invalidation_stream_by_instance_id ON cache_invalidation_stream_by_instance USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX cache_invalidation_stream_by_instance_instance_index ON cache_invalidation_stream_by_instance USING btree (instance_name, stream_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX chunk_events_event_id ON batch_events USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX current_state_delta_stream_idx ON current_state_delta_stream USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX current_state_events_member_index ON current_state_events USING btree (state_key) WHERE (type = 'm.room.member'::text);
+CREATE INDEX deleted_pushers_stream_id ON deleted_pushers USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX destination_rooms_room_id ON destination_rooms USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_auth_providers_devices ON device_auth_providers USING btree (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_auth_providers_sessions ON device_auth_providers USING btree (auth_provider_id, auth_provider_session_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_federation_inbox_sender_id ON device_federation_inbox USING btree (origin, message_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_federation_outbox_destination_id ON device_federation_outbox USING btree (destination, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_federation_outbox_id ON device_federation_outbox USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_inbox_stream_id_user_id ON device_inbox USING btree (stream_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_inbox_user_stream_id ON device_inbox USING btree (user_id, device_id, stream_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_changes_in_stream_id ON device_lists_changes_in_room USING btree (stream_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_changes_in_stream_id_unconverted ON device_lists_changes_in_room USING btree (stream_id) WHERE (NOT converted_to_destinations);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_outbound_last_success_unique_idx ON device_lists_outbound_last_success USING btree (destination, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_id ON device_lists_outbound_pokes USING btree (destination, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_stream ON device_lists_outbound_pokes USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_user ON device_lists_outbound_pokes USING btree (destination, user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_remote_cache_unique_id ON device_lists_remote_cache USING btree (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_remote_extremeties_unique_idx ON device_lists_remote_extremeties USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_remote_resync_idx ON device_lists_remote_resync USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_remote_resync_ts_idx ON device_lists_remote_resync USING btree (added_ts);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_stream_id ON device_lists_stream USING btree (stream_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_stream_user_id ON device_lists_stream USING btree (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_keys_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_keys USING btree (user_id, keytype, stream_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_keys_stream_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_keys USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_signatures2_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_signatures USING btree (user_id, target_user_id, target_device_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_room_keys_versions_idx ON e2e_room_keys_versions USING btree (user_id, version);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_room_keys_with_version_idx ON e2e_room_keys USING btree (user_id, version, room_id, session_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX erased_users_user ON erased_users USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_b_extrem_id ON event_backward_extremities USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_b_extrem_room ON event_backward_extremities USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_edges_prev_id ON event_edges USING btree (prev_event_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_extrem_id ON event_forward_extremities USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_extrem_room ON event_forward_extremities USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX evauth_edges_id ON event_auth USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_auth_chain_links_idx ON event_auth_chain_links USING btree (origin_chain_id, target_chain_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_auth_chain_to_calculate_rm_id ON event_auth_chain_to_calculate USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_auth_chains_c_seq_index ON event_auth_chains USING btree (chain_id, sequence_number);
+CREATE INDEX event_contains_url_index ON events USING btree (room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering) WHERE ((contains_url = true) AND (outlier = false));
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_edges_event_id_prev_event_id_idx ON event_edges USING btree (event_id, prev_event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_expiry_expiry_ts_idx ON event_expiry USING btree (expiry_ts);
+CREATE INDEX event_labels_room_id_label_idx ON event_labels USING btree (room_id, label, topological_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_highlights_index ON event_push_actions USING btree (user_id, room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering) WHERE (highlight = 1);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_rm_tokens ON event_push_actions USING btree (user_id, room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_room_id_user_id ON event_push_actions USING btree (room_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_staging_id ON event_push_actions_staging USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_stream_highlight_index ON event_push_actions USING btree (highlight, stream_ordering) WHERE (highlight = 0);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_stream_ordering ON event_push_actions USING btree (stream_ordering, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_u_highlight ON event_push_actions USING btree (user_id, stream_ordering);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_push_summary_unique_index ON event_push_summary USING btree (user_id, room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_push_summary_unique_index2 ON event_push_summary USING btree (user_id, room_id, thread_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_relations_id ON event_relations USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_relations_relates ON event_relations USING btree (relates_to_id, relation_type, aggregation_key);
+CREATE INDEX event_search_ev_ridx ON event_search USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_search_event_id_idx ON event_search USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_search_fts_idx ON event_search USING gin (vector);
+CREATE INDEX event_to_state_groups_sg_index ON event_to_state_groups USING btree (state_group);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_txn_id_event_id ON event_txn_id USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_txn_id_ts ON event_txn_id USING btree (inserted_ts);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_txn_id_txn_id ON event_txn_id USING btree (room_id, user_id, token_id, txn_id);
+CREATE INDEX events_order_room ON events USING btree (room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX events_room_stream ON events USING btree (room_id, stream_ordering);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX events_stream_ordering ON events USING btree (stream_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX events_ts ON events USING btree (origin_server_ts, stream_ordering);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX federation_inbound_events_staging_instance_event ON federation_inbound_events_staging USING btree (origin, event_id);
+CREATE INDEX federation_inbound_events_staging_room ON federation_inbound_events_staging USING btree (room_id, received_ts);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX federation_stream_position_instance ON federation_stream_position USING btree (type, instance_name);
+CREATE INDEX ignored_users_ignored_user_id ON ignored_users USING btree (ignored_user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ignored_users_uniqueness ON ignored_users USING btree (ignorer_user_id, ignored_user_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_edges_event_id ON insertion_event_edges USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_edges_insertion_prev_event_id ON insertion_event_edges USING btree (insertion_prev_event_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_edges_insertion_room_id ON insertion_event_edges USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX insertion_event_extremities_event_id ON insertion_event_extremities USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_extremities_room_id ON insertion_event_extremities USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX insertion_events_event_id ON insertion_events USING btree (event_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_events_next_batch_id ON insertion_events USING btree (next_batch_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX instance_map_idx ON instance_map USING btree (instance_name);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX local_current_membership_idx ON local_current_membership USING btree (user_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX local_current_membership_room_idx ON local_current_membership USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX local_media_repository_thumbn_media_id_width_height_method_key ON local_media_repository_thumbnails USING btree (media_id, thumbnail_width, thumbnail_height, thumbnail_type, thumbnail_method);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_thumbnails_media_id ON local_media_repository_thumbnails USING btree (media_id);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_cache_by_url_download_ts ON local_media_repository_url_cache USING btree (url, download_ts);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_cache_expires_idx ON local_media_repository_url_cache USING btree (expires_ts);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_cache_media_idx ON local_media_repository_url_cache USING btree (media_id);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_idx ON local_media_repository USING btree (created_ts) WHERE (url_cache IS NOT NULL);
+CREATE INDEX monthly_active_users_time_stamp ON monthly_active_users USING btree ("timestamp");
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX monthly_active_users_users ON monthly_active_users USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX open_id_tokens_ts_valid_until_ms ON open_id_tokens USING btree (ts_valid_until_ms);
+CREATE INDEX partial_state_events_room_id_idx ON partial_state_events USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX presence_stream_id ON presence_stream USING btree (stream_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX presence_stream_state_not_offline_idx ON presence_stream USING btree (state) WHERE (state <> 'offline'::text);
+CREATE INDEX presence_stream_user_id ON presence_stream USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX public_room_index ON rooms USING btree (is_public);
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_enable_user_name ON push_rules_enable USING btree (user_name);
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_stream_id ON push_rules_stream USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_stream_user_stream_id ON push_rules_stream USING btree (user_id, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_user_name ON push_rules USING btree (user_name);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ratelimit_override_idx ON ratelimit_override USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX receipts_graph_unique_index ON receipts_graph USING btree (room_id, receipt_type, user_id) WHERE (thread_id IS NULL);
+CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_id ON receipts_linearized USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_room_stream ON receipts_linearized USING btree (room_id, stream_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX receipts_linearized_unique_index ON receipts_linearized USING btree (room_id, receipt_type, user_id) WHERE (thread_id IS NULL);
+CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_user ON receipts_linearized USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX received_transactions_ts ON received_transactions USING btree (ts);
+CREATE INDEX redactions_have_censored_ts ON redactions USING btree (received_ts) WHERE (NOT have_censored);
+CREATE INDEX redactions_redacts ON redactions USING btree (redacts);
+CREATE INDEX refresh_tokens_next_token_id ON refresh_tokens USING btree (next_token_id) WHERE (next_token_id IS NOT NULL);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX remote_media_repository_thumbn_media_origin_id_width_height_met ON remote_media_cache_thumbnails USING btree (media_origin, media_id, thumbnail_width, thumbnail_height, thumbnail_type, thumbnail_method);
+CREATE INDEX room_account_data_stream_id ON room_account_data USING btree (user_id, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX room_alias_servers_alias ON room_alias_servers USING btree (room_alias);
+CREATE INDEX room_aliases_id ON room_aliases USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX room_memberships_room_id ON room_memberships USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX room_memberships_user_id ON room_memberships USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX room_memberships_user_room_forgotten ON room_memberships USING btree (user_id, room_id) WHERE (forgotten = 1);
+CREATE INDEX room_retention_max_lifetime_idx ON room_retention USING btree (max_lifetime);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX room_stats_earliest_token_idx ON room_stats_earliest_token USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX room_stats_state_room ON room_stats_state USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX stream_ordering_to_exterm_idx ON stream_ordering_to_exterm USING btree (stream_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX stream_ordering_to_exterm_rm_idx ON stream_ordering_to_exterm USING btree (room_id, stream_ordering);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX stream_positions_idx ON stream_positions USING btree (stream_name, instance_name);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX threepid_guest_access_tokens_index ON threepid_guest_access_tokens USING btree (medium, address);
+CREATE INDEX threepid_validation_token_session_id ON threepid_validation_token USING btree (session_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_daily_visits_ts_idx ON user_daily_visits USING btree ("timestamp");
+CREATE INDEX user_daily_visits_uts_idx ON user_daily_visits USING btree (user_id, "timestamp");
+CREATE INDEX user_directory_room_idx ON user_directory USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_directory_search_fts_idx ON user_directory_search USING gin (vector);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_directory_search_user_idx ON user_directory_search USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_directory_user_idx ON user_directory USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_external_ids_user_id_idx ON user_external_ids USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_filters_unique ON user_filters USING btree (user_id, filter_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_ips_device_id ON user_ips USING btree (user_id, device_id, last_seen);
+CREATE INDEX user_ips_last_seen ON user_ips USING btree (user_id, last_seen);
+CREATE INDEX user_ips_last_seen_only ON user_ips USING btree (last_seen);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_ips_user_token_ip_unique_index ON user_ips USING btree (user_id, access_token, ip);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_signature_stream_idx ON user_signature_stream USING btree (stream_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_threepid_id_server_idx ON user_threepid_id_server USING btree (user_id, medium, address, id_server);
+CREATE INDEX user_threepids_medium_address ON user_threepids USING btree (medium, address);
+CREATE INDEX user_threepids_user_id ON user_threepids USING btree (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX users_creation_ts ON users USING btree (creation_ts);
+CREATE INDEX users_have_local_media ON local_media_repository USING btree (user_id, created_ts);
+CREATE INDEX users_in_public_rooms_r_idx ON users_in_public_rooms USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_in_public_rooms_u_idx ON users_in_public_rooms USING btree (user_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_o_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms USING btree (other_user_id);
+CREATE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_r_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_u_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms USING btree (user_id, other_user_id, room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX worker_locks_key ON worker_locks USING btree (lock_name, lock_key);
+CREATE TRIGGER check_partial_state_events BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON partial_state_events FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE check_partial_state_events();
+ALTER TABLE ONLY access_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT access_tokens_refresh_token_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (refresh_token_id) REFERENCES refresh_tokens(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+ALTER TABLE ONLY destination_rooms
+    ADD CONSTRAINT destination_rooms_destination_fkey FOREIGN KEY (destination) REFERENCES destinations(destination);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY destination_rooms
+    ADD CONSTRAINT destination_rooms_room_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (room_id) REFERENCES rooms(room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_edges
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_edges_event_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (event_id) REFERENCES events(event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_txn_id
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_txn_id_event_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (event_id) REFERENCES events(event_id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+ALTER TABLE ONLY event_txn_id
+    ADD CONSTRAINT event_txn_id_token_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (token_id) REFERENCES access_tokens(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_events_event_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (event_id) REFERENCES events(event_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_events
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_events_room_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (room_id) REFERENCES partial_state_rooms(room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_rooms
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_rooms_room_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (room_id) REFERENCES rooms(room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY partial_state_rooms_servers
+    ADD CONSTRAINT partial_state_rooms_servers_room_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (room_id) REFERENCES partial_state_rooms(room_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY refresh_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT refresh_tokens_next_token_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (next_token_id) REFERENCES refresh_tokens(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+ALTER TABLE ONLY ui_auth_sessions_credentials
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ui_auth_sessions_credentials_session_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (session_id) REFERENCES ui_auth_sessions(session_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY ui_auth_sessions_ips
+    ADD CONSTRAINT ui_auth_sessions_ips_session_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (session_id) REFERENCES ui_auth_sessions(session_id);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY users_to_send_full_presence_to
+    ADD CONSTRAINT users_to_send_full_presence_to_user_id_fkey FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(name);
+INSERT INTO appservice_stream_position VALUES ('X', 0);
+INSERT INTO event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id VALUES ('X', 0);
+INSERT INTO event_push_summary_stream_ordering VALUES ('X', 0);
+INSERT INTO federation_stream_position VALUES ('federation', -1, 'master');
+INSERT INTO federation_stream_position VALUES ('events', -1, 'master');
+INSERT INTO stats_incremental_position VALUES ('X', 1);
+INSERT INTO user_directory_stream_pos VALUES ('X', 1);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('account_data_sequence', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('application_services_txn_id_seq', 1, false);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('cache_invalidation_stream_seq', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('device_inbox_sequence', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('event_auth_chain_id', 1, false);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('events_backfill_stream_seq', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('events_stream_seq', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('instance_map_instance_id_seq', 1, false);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('presence_stream_sequence', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('receipts_sequence', 1, true);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('user_id_seq', 1, false);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite b/synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d403baf1fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/main/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite
@@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
+CREATE TABLE application_services_txns( as_id TEXT NOT NULL, txn_id INTEGER NOT NULL, event_ids TEXT NOT NULL, UNIQUE(as_id, txn_id) );
+CREATE INDEX application_services_txns_id ON application_services_txns ( as_id );
+CREATE TABLE presence( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, state VARCHAR(20), status_msg TEXT, mtime BIGINT, UNIQUE (user_id) );
+CREATE TABLE users( name TEXT, password_hash TEXT, creation_ts BIGINT, admin SMALLINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, upgrade_ts BIGINT, is_guest SMALLINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, appservice_id TEXT, consent_version TEXT, consent_server_notice_sent TEXT, user_type TEXT DEFAULT NULL, deactivated SMALLINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, shadow_banned BOOLEAN, consent_ts bigint, UNIQUE(name) );
+CREATE TABLE user_ips ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, access_token TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT, ip TEXT NOT NULL, user_agent TEXT NOT NULL, last_seen BIGINT NOT NULL );
+CREATE TABLE profiles( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, displayname TEXT, avatar_url TEXT, UNIQUE(user_id) );
+CREATE TABLE received_transactions( transaction_id TEXT, origin TEXT, ts BIGINT, response_code INTEGER, response_json bytea, has_been_referenced smallint default 0, UNIQUE (transaction_id, origin) );
+CREATE TABLE destinations( destination TEXT PRIMARY KEY, retry_last_ts BIGINT, retry_interval INTEGER , failure_ts BIGINT, last_successful_stream_ordering BIGINT);
+CREATE TABLE events( stream_ordering INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, topological_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL, event_id TEXT NOT NULL, type TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, content TEXT, unrecognized_keys TEXT, processed BOOL NOT NULL, outlier BOOL NOT NULL, depth BIGINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, origin_server_ts BIGINT, received_ts BIGINT, sender TEXT, contains_url BOOLEAN, instance_name TEXT, state_key TEXT DEFAULT NULL, rejection_reason TEXT DEFAULT NULL, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE INDEX events_order_room ON events ( room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering );
+CREATE TABLE event_json( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, internal_metadata TEXT NOT NULL, json TEXT NOT NULL, format_version INTEGER, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE TABLE state_events( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, type TEXT NOT NULL, state_key TEXT NOT NULL, prev_state TEXT, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE TABLE current_state_events( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, type TEXT NOT NULL, state_key TEXT NOT NULL, membership TEXT, UNIQUE (event_id), UNIQUE (room_id, type, state_key) );
+CREATE TABLE room_memberships( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, sender TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, membership TEXT NOT NULL, forgotten INTEGER DEFAULT 0, display_name TEXT, avatar_url TEXT, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE INDEX room_memberships_room_id ON room_memberships (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX room_memberships_user_id ON room_memberships (user_id);
+CREATE TABLE rooms( room_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, is_public BOOL, creator TEXT , room_version TEXT, has_auth_chain_index BOOLEAN);
+CREATE TABLE server_signature_keys( server_name TEXT, key_id TEXT, from_server TEXT, ts_added_ms BIGINT, verify_key bytea, ts_valid_until_ms BIGINT, UNIQUE (server_name, key_id) );
+CREATE TABLE rejections( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, reason TEXT NOT NULL, last_check TEXT NOT NULL, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE TABLE push_rules ( id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, user_name TEXT NOT NULL, rule_id TEXT NOT NULL, priority_class SMALLINT NOT NULL, priority INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, conditions TEXT NOT NULL, actions TEXT NOT NULL, UNIQUE(user_name, rule_id) );
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_user_name on push_rules (user_name);
+CREATE TABLE push_rules_enable ( id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, user_name TEXT NOT NULL, rule_id TEXT NOT NULL, enabled SMALLINT, UNIQUE(user_name, rule_id) );
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_enable_user_name on push_rules_enable (user_name);
+CREATE TABLE event_forward_extremities( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, UNIQUE (event_id, room_id) );
+CREATE INDEX ev_extrem_room ON event_forward_extremities(room_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_extrem_id ON event_forward_extremities(event_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_backward_extremities( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, UNIQUE (event_id, room_id) );
+CREATE INDEX ev_b_extrem_room ON event_backward_extremities(room_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_b_extrem_id ON event_backward_extremities(event_id);
+CREATE TABLE room_depth( room_id TEXT NOT NULL, min_depth INTEGER NOT NULL, UNIQUE (room_id) );
+CREATE TABLE event_to_state_groups( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, state_group BIGINT NOT NULL, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE TABLE local_media_repository ( media_id TEXT, media_type TEXT, media_length INTEGER, created_ts BIGINT, upload_name TEXT, user_id TEXT, quarantined_by TEXT, url_cache TEXT, last_access_ts BIGINT, safe_from_quarantine BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, UNIQUE (media_id) );
+CREATE TABLE remote_media_cache ( media_origin TEXT, media_id TEXT, media_type TEXT, created_ts BIGINT, upload_name TEXT, media_length INTEGER, filesystem_id TEXT, last_access_ts BIGINT, quarantined_by TEXT, UNIQUE (media_origin, media_id) );
+CREATE TABLE redactions ( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, redacts TEXT NOT NULL, have_censored BOOL NOT NULL DEFAULT false, received_ts BIGINT, UNIQUE (event_id) );
+CREATE INDEX redactions_redacts ON redactions (redacts);
+CREATE TABLE room_aliases( room_alias TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, creator TEXT, UNIQUE (room_alias) );
+CREATE INDEX room_aliases_id ON room_aliases(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE room_alias_servers( room_alias TEXT NOT NULL, server TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE INDEX room_alias_servers_alias ON room_alias_servers(room_alias);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "server_keys_json" ( server_name TEXT NOT NULL, key_id TEXT NOT NULL, from_server TEXT NOT NULL, ts_added_ms BIGINT NOT NULL, ts_valid_until_ms BIGINT NOT NULL, key_json bytea NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT server_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (server_name, key_id, from_server) );
+CREATE TABLE e2e_device_keys_json ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT NOT NULL, ts_added_ms BIGINT NOT NULL, key_json TEXT NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT e2e_device_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id) );
+CREATE TABLE e2e_one_time_keys_json ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT NOT NULL, algorithm TEXT NOT NULL, key_id TEXT NOT NULL, ts_added_ms BIGINT NOT NULL, key_json TEXT NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT e2e_one_time_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id, algorithm, key_id) );
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "user_threepids" ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, medium TEXT NOT NULL, address TEXT NOT NULL, validated_at BIGINT NOT NULL, added_at BIGINT NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT medium_address UNIQUE (medium, address) );
+CREATE INDEX user_threepids_user_id ON user_threepids(user_id);
+CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE event_search USING fts4 ( event_id, room_id, sender, key, value )
+/* event_search(event_id,room_id,sender,"key",value) */;
+CREATE TABLE room_tags( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, tag     TEXT NOT NULL, content TEXT NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT room_tag_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, room_id, tag) );
+CREATE TABLE room_tags_revisions ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, instance_name TEXT, CONSTRAINT room_tag_revisions_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, room_id) );
+CREATE TABLE account_data( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, account_data_type TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, content TEXT NOT NULL, instance_name TEXT, CONSTRAINT account_data_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, account_data_type) );
+CREATE TABLE room_account_data( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, account_data_type TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, content TEXT NOT NULL, instance_name TEXT, CONSTRAINT room_account_data_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, room_id, account_data_type) );
+CREATE INDEX account_data_stream_id on account_data(user_id, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX room_account_data_stream_id on room_account_data(user_id, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX events_ts ON events(origin_server_ts, stream_ordering);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_actions( room_id TEXT NOT NULL, event_id TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, profile_tag VARCHAR(32), actions TEXT NOT NULL, topological_ordering BIGINT, stream_ordering BIGINT, notif SMALLINT, highlight SMALLINT, unread SMALLINT, thread_id TEXT, CONSTRAINT event_id_user_id_profile_tag_uniqueness UNIQUE (room_id, event_id, user_id, profile_tag) );
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_room_id_user_id on event_push_actions(room_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX events_room_stream on events(room_id, stream_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX public_room_index on rooms(is_public);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_rm_tokens on event_push_actions( user_id, room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering );
+CREATE TABLE presence_stream( stream_id BIGINT, user_id TEXT, state TEXT, last_active_ts BIGINT, last_federation_update_ts BIGINT, last_user_sync_ts BIGINT, status_msg TEXT, currently_active BOOLEAN , instance_name TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX presence_stream_id ON presence_stream(stream_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX presence_stream_user_id ON presence_stream(user_id);
+CREATE TABLE push_rules_stream( stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, event_stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, rule_id TEXT NOT NULL, op TEXT NOT NULL, priority_class SMALLINT, priority INTEGER, conditions TEXT, actions TEXT );
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_stream_id ON push_rules_stream(stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX push_rules_stream_user_stream_id on push_rules_stream(user_id, stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE ex_outlier_stream( event_stream_ordering BIGINT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, event_id TEXT NOT NULL, state_group BIGINT NOT NULL , instance_name TEXT);
+CREATE TABLE threepid_guest_access_tokens( medium TEXT, address TEXT, guest_access_token TEXT, first_inviter TEXT );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX threepid_guest_access_tokens_index ON threepid_guest_access_tokens(medium, address);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_stream_ordering on event_push_actions( stream_ordering, user_id );
+CREATE TABLE open_id_tokens ( token TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, ts_valid_until_ms bigint NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, UNIQUE (token) );
+CREATE INDEX open_id_tokens_ts_valid_until_ms ON open_id_tokens(ts_valid_until_ms);
+CREATE TABLE pusher_throttle( pusher BIGINT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, last_sent_ts BIGINT, throttle_ms BIGINT, PRIMARY KEY (pusher, room_id) );
+CREATE TABLE event_reports( id BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, received_ts BIGINT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, event_id TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, reason TEXT, content TEXT );
+CREATE TABLE appservice_stream_position( Lock CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'X' UNIQUE, stream_ordering BIGINT, CHECK (Lock='X') );
+CREATE TABLE device_inbox ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, message_json TEXT NOT NULL , instance_name TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX device_inbox_user_stream_id ON device_inbox(user_id, device_id, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX received_transactions_ts ON received_transactions(ts);
+CREATE TABLE device_federation_outbox ( destination TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, queued_ts BIGINT NOT NULL, messages_json TEXT NOT NULL , instance_name TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX device_federation_outbox_destination_id ON device_federation_outbox(destination, stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE device_federation_inbox ( origin TEXT NOT NULL, message_id TEXT NOT NULL, received_ts BIGINT NOT NULL , instance_name TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX device_federation_inbox_sender_id ON device_federation_inbox(origin, message_id);
+CREATE TABLE stream_ordering_to_exterm ( stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, event_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE INDEX stream_ordering_to_exterm_idx on stream_ordering_to_exterm( stream_ordering );
+CREATE INDEX stream_ordering_to_exterm_rm_idx on stream_ordering_to_exterm( room_id, stream_ordering );
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "event_auth"( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, auth_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE INDEX evauth_edges_id ON event_auth(event_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_threepids_medium_address on user_threepids (medium, address);
+CREATE TABLE appservice_room_list( appservice_id TEXT NOT NULL, network_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX appservice_room_list_idx ON appservice_room_list( appservice_id, network_id, room_id );
+CREATE INDEX device_federation_outbox_id ON device_federation_outbox(stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE federation_stream_position( type TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id INTEGER NOT NULL , instance_name TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'master');
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_remote_cache ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT NOT NULL, content TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_remote_extremeties ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_stream ( stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_stream_id ON device_lists_stream(stream_id, user_id);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_outbound_pokes ( destination TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT NOT NULL, sent BOOLEAN NOT NULL, ts BIGINT NOT NULL , opentracing_context TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_id ON device_lists_outbound_pokes(destination, stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_user ON device_lists_outbound_pokes(destination, user_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, notif_count BIGINT NOT NULL, stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL , unread_count BIGINT, last_receipt_stream_ordering BIGINT, thread_id TEXT);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary_stream_ordering ( Lock CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'X' UNIQUE, stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL, CHECK (Lock='X') );
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "pushers" ( id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, user_name TEXT NOT NULL, access_token BIGINT DEFAULT NULL, profile_tag TEXT NOT NULL, kind TEXT NOT NULL, app_id TEXT NOT NULL, app_display_name TEXT NOT NULL, device_display_name TEXT NOT NULL, pushkey TEXT NOT NULL, ts BIGINT NOT NULL, lang TEXT, data TEXT, last_stream_ordering INTEGER, last_success BIGINT, failing_since BIGINT, UNIQUE (app_id, pushkey, user_name) );
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_stream ON device_lists_outbound_pokes(stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE ratelimit_override ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, messages_per_second BIGINT, burst_count BIGINT );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ratelimit_override_idx ON ratelimit_override(user_id);
+CREATE TABLE current_state_delta_stream ( stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, type TEXT NOT NULL, state_key TEXT NOT NULL, event_id TEXT, prev_event_id TEXT , instance_name TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX current_state_delta_stream_idx ON current_state_delta_stream(stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE user_directory_stream_pos ( Lock CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'X' UNIQUE, stream_id BIGINT, CHECK (Lock='X') );
+CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE user_directory_search USING fts4 ( user_id, value )
+/* user_directory_search(user_id,value) */;
+CREATE TABLE blocked_rooms ( room_id TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX blocked_rooms_idx ON blocked_rooms(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "local_media_repository_url_cache"( url TEXT, response_code INTEGER, etag TEXT, expires_ts BIGINT, og TEXT, media_id TEXT, download_ts BIGINT );
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_cache_expires_idx ON local_media_repository_url_cache(expires_ts);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_cache_by_url_download_ts ON local_media_repository_url_cache(url, download_ts);
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_cache_media_idx ON local_media_repository_url_cache(media_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "deleted_pushers" ( stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL, app_id TEXT NOT NULL, pushkey TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE INDEX deleted_pushers_stream_id ON deleted_pushers (stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "user_directory" ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT, display_name TEXT, avatar_url TEXT );
+CREATE INDEX user_directory_room_idx ON user_directory(room_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_directory_user_idx ON user_directory(user_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_actions_staging ( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, actions TEXT NOT NULL, notif SMALLINT NOT NULL, highlight SMALLINT NOT NULL , unread SMALLINT, thread_id TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_staging_id ON event_push_actions_staging(event_id);
+CREATE TABLE users_pending_deactivation ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE TABLE user_daily_visits ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, device_id TEXT, timestamp BIGINT NOT NULL , user_agent TEXT);
+CREATE INDEX user_daily_visits_uts_idx ON user_daily_visits(user_id, timestamp);
+CREATE INDEX user_daily_visits_ts_idx ON user_daily_visits(timestamp);
+CREATE TABLE erased_users ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX erased_users_user ON erased_users(user_id);
+CREATE TABLE monthly_active_users ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, timestamp BIGINT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX monthly_active_users_users ON monthly_active_users(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX monthly_active_users_time_stamp ON monthly_active_users(timestamp);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "e2e_room_keys_versions" ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, version BIGINT NOT NULL, algorithm TEXT NOT NULL, auth_data TEXT NOT NULL, deleted SMALLINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL , etag BIGINT);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_room_keys_versions_idx ON e2e_room_keys_versions(user_id, version);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "e2e_room_keys" ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL, session_id TEXT NOT NULL, version BIGINT NOT NULL, first_message_index INT, forwarded_count INT, is_verified BOOLEAN, session_data TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE TABLE users_who_share_private_rooms ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, other_user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_u_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms(user_id, other_user_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_r_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms(room_id);
+CREATE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_o_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms(other_user_id);
+CREATE TABLE user_threepid_id_server ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, medium TEXT NOT NULL, address TEXT NOT NULL, id_server TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_threepid_id_server_idx ON user_threepid_id_server( user_id, medium, address, id_server );
+CREATE TABLE users_in_public_rooms ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, room_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_in_public_rooms_u_idx ON users_in_public_rooms(user_id, room_id);
+CREATE TABLE account_validity ( user_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY, expiration_ts_ms BIGINT NOT NULL, email_sent BOOLEAN NOT NULL, renewal_token TEXT , token_used_ts_ms BIGINT);
+CREATE TABLE event_relations ( event_id TEXT NOT NULL, relates_to_id TEXT NOT NULL, relation_type TEXT NOT NULL, aggregation_key TEXT );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_relations_id ON event_relations(event_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_relations_relates ON event_relations(relates_to_id, relation_type, aggregation_key);
+CREATE TABLE room_stats_earliest_token ( room_id TEXT NOT NULL, token BIGINT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX room_stats_earliest_token_idx ON room_stats_earliest_token(room_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_ips_device_id ON user_ips (user_id, device_id, last_seen);
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_u_highlight ON event_push_actions (user_id, stream_ordering);
+CREATE INDEX device_inbox_stream_id_user_id ON device_inbox (stream_id, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_stream_user_id ON device_lists_stream (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE INDEX user_ips_last_seen ON user_ips (user_id, last_seen);
+CREATE INDEX user_ips_last_seen_only ON user_ips (last_seen);
+CREATE INDEX users_creation_ts ON users (creation_ts);
+CREATE INDEX event_to_state_groups_sg_index ON event_to_state_groups (state_group);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_remote_cache_unique_id ON device_lists_remote_cache (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_remote_extremeties_unique_idx ON device_lists_remote_extremeties (user_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_ips_user_token_ip_unique_index ON user_ips (user_id, access_token, ip);
+CREATE TABLE threepid_validation_session (
+    session_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    medium TEXT NOT NULL,
+    address TEXT NOT NULL,
+    client_secret TEXT NOT NULL,
+    last_send_attempt BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    validated_at BIGINT
+);
+CREATE TABLE threepid_validation_token (
+    token TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    session_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    next_link TEXT,
+    expires BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX threepid_validation_token_session_id ON threepid_validation_token(session_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_expiry (
+    event_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    expiry_ts BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX event_expiry_expiry_ts_idx ON event_expiry(expiry_ts);
+CREATE TABLE event_labels (
+    event_id TEXT,
+    label TEXT,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    topological_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY(event_id, label)
+);
+CREATE INDEX event_labels_room_id_label_idx ON event_labels(room_id, label, topological_ordering);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_room_keys_with_version_idx ON e2e_room_keys(user_id, version, room_id, session_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "devices" (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    display_name TEXT,
+    last_seen BIGINT,
+    ip TEXT,
+    user_agent TEXT,
+    hidden BOOLEAN DEFAULT 0,
+    CONSTRAINT device_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id)
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_retention(
+    room_id TEXT,
+    event_id TEXT,
+    min_lifetime BIGINT,
+    max_lifetime BIGINT,
+
+    PRIMARY KEY(room_id, event_id)
+);
+CREATE INDEX room_retention_max_lifetime_idx on room_retention(max_lifetime);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_cross_signing_keys (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- the type of cross-signing key (master, user_signing, or self_signing)
+    keytype TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- the full key information, as a json-encoded dict
+    keydata TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- for keeping the keys in order, so that we can fetch the latest one
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_keys_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_keys(user_id, keytype, stream_id);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_cross_signing_signatures (
+    -- user who did the signing
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- key used to sign
+    key_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- user who was signed
+    target_user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- device/key that was signed
+    target_device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- the actual signature
+    signature TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE user_signature_stream (
+    -- uses the same stream ID as device list stream
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    -- user who did the signing
+    from_user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- list of users who were signed, as a JSON array
+    user_ids TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_signature_stream_idx ON user_signature_stream(stream_id);
+CREATE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_signatures2_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_signatures(user_id, target_user_id, target_device_id);
+CREATE TABLE stats_incremental_position (
+    Lock CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'X' UNIQUE,  -- Makes sure this table only has one row.
+    stream_id  BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    CHECK (Lock='X')
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_stats_current (
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
+
+    -- These are absolute counts
+    current_state_events INT NOT NULL,
+    joined_members INT NOT NULL,
+    invited_members INT NOT NULL,
+    left_members INT NOT NULL,
+    banned_members INT NOT NULL,
+
+    local_users_in_room INT NOT NULL,
+
+    -- The maximum delta stream position that this row takes into account.
+    completed_delta_stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL
+, knocked_members INT);
+CREATE TABLE user_stats_current (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
+
+    joined_rooms BIGINT NOT NULL,
+
+    -- The maximum delta stream position that this row takes into account.
+    completed_delta_stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE room_stats_state (
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    name TEXT,
+    canonical_alias TEXT,
+    join_rules TEXT,
+    history_visibility TEXT,
+    encryption TEXT,
+    avatar TEXT,
+    guest_access TEXT,
+    is_federatable BOOLEAN,
+    topic TEXT
+, room_type TEXT);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX room_stats_state_room ON room_stats_state(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "user_filters" ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, filter_id BIGINT NOT NULL, filter_json BYTEA NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX user_filters_unique ON "user_filters" (user_id, filter_id);
+CREATE TABLE user_external_ids (
+    auth_provider TEXT NOT NULL,
+    external_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    UNIQUE (auth_provider, external_id)
+);
+CREATE INDEX users_in_public_rooms_r_idx ON users_in_public_rooms(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_remote_resync (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    added_ts BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_remote_resync_idx ON device_lists_remote_resync (user_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_remote_resync_ts_idx ON device_lists_remote_resync (added_ts);
+CREATE TABLE local_current_membership (
+            room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+            user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+            event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+            membership TEXT NOT NULL
+        );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX local_current_membership_idx ON local_current_membership(user_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX local_current_membership_room_idx ON local_current_membership(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE ui_auth_sessions(
+    session_id TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The session ID passed to the client.
+    creation_time BIGINT NOT NULL,  -- The time this session was created (epoch time in milliseconds).
+    serverdict TEXT NOT NULL,  -- A JSON dictionary of arbitrary data added by Synapse.
+    clientdict TEXT NOT NULL,  -- A JSON dictionary of arbitrary data from the client.
+    uri TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The URI the UI authentication session is using.
+    method TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The HTTP method the UI authentication session is using.
+    -- The clientdict, uri, and method make up an tuple that must be immutable
+    -- throughout the lifetime of the UI Auth session.
+    description TEXT NOT NULL,  -- A human readable description of the operation which caused the UI Auth flow to occur.
+    UNIQUE (session_id)
+);
+CREATE TABLE ui_auth_sessions_credentials(
+    session_id TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The corresponding UI Auth session.
+    stage_type TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The stage type.
+    result TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The result of the stage verification, stored as JSON.
+    UNIQUE (session_id, stage_type),
+    FOREIGN KEY (session_id)
+        REFERENCES ui_auth_sessions (session_id)
+);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "device_lists_outbound_last_success" ( destination TEXT NOT NULL, user_id TEXT NOT NULL, stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_outbound_last_success_unique_idx ON "device_lists_outbound_last_success" (destination, user_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "local_media_repository_thumbnails" ( media_id TEXT, thumbnail_width INTEGER, thumbnail_height INTEGER, thumbnail_type TEXT, thumbnail_method TEXT, thumbnail_length INTEGER, UNIQUE ( media_id, thumbnail_width, thumbnail_height, thumbnail_type, thumbnail_method ) );
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_thumbnails_media_id ON local_media_repository_thumbnails (media_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "remote_media_cache_thumbnails" ( media_origin TEXT, media_id TEXT, thumbnail_width INTEGER, thumbnail_height INTEGER, thumbnail_method TEXT, thumbnail_type TEXT, thumbnail_length INTEGER, filesystem_id TEXT, UNIQUE ( media_origin, media_id, thumbnail_width, thumbnail_height, thumbnail_type, thumbnail_method ) );
+CREATE TABLE ui_auth_sessions_ips(
+    session_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    ip TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_agent TEXT NOT NULL,
+    UNIQUE (session_id, ip, user_agent),
+    FOREIGN KEY (session_id)
+        REFERENCES ui_auth_sessions (session_id)
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX federation_stream_position_instance ON federation_stream_position(type, instance_name);
+CREATE TABLE dehydrated_devices(
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
+    device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    device_data TEXT NOT NULL -- JSON-encoded client-defined data
+);
+CREATE TABLE e2e_fallback_keys_json (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL, -- The user this fallback key is for.
+    device_id TEXT NOT NULL, -- The device this fallback key is for.
+    algorithm TEXT NOT NULL, -- Which algorithm this fallback key is for.
+    key_id TEXT NOT NULL, -- An id for suppressing duplicate uploads.
+    key_json TEXT NOT NULL, -- The key as a JSON blob.
+    used BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE, -- Whether the key has been used or not.
+    CONSTRAINT e2e_fallback_keys_json_uniqueness UNIQUE (user_id, device_id, algorithm)
+);
+CREATE TABLE destination_rooms (
+  -- the destination in question.
+  destination TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES destinations (destination),
+  -- the ID of the room in question
+  room_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES rooms (room_id),
+  -- the stream_ordering of the event
+  stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL,
+  PRIMARY KEY (destination, room_id)
+  -- We don't declare a foreign key on stream_ordering here because that'd mean
+  -- we'd need to either maintain an index (expensive) or do a table scan of
+  -- destination_rooms whenever we delete an event (also potentially expensive).
+  -- In addition to that, a foreign key on stream_ordering would be redundant
+  -- as this row doesn't need to refer to a specific event; if the event gets
+  -- deleted then it doesn't affect the validity of the stream_ordering here.
+);
+CREATE INDEX destination_rooms_room_id
+    ON destination_rooms (room_id);
+CREATE TABLE stream_positions (
+    stream_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    instance_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX stream_positions_idx ON stream_positions(stream_name, instance_name);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "access_tokens" (
+    id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, 
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL, 
+    device_id TEXT, 
+    token TEXT NOT NULL,
+    valid_until_ms BIGINT,
+    puppets_user_id TEXT,
+    last_validated BIGINT, refresh_token_id BIGINT REFERENCES refresh_tokens (id) ON DELETE CASCADE, used BOOLEAN,
+    UNIQUE(token) 
+);
+CREATE INDEX access_tokens_device_id ON access_tokens (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "event_txn_id" (
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    token_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    txn_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    inserted_ts BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    FOREIGN KEY (event_id)
+        REFERENCES events (event_id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    FOREIGN KEY (token_id)
+        REFERENCES access_tokens (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_txn_id_event_id ON event_txn_id(event_id);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_txn_id_txn_id ON event_txn_id(room_id, user_id, token_id, txn_id);
+CREATE INDEX event_txn_id_ts ON event_txn_id(inserted_ts);
+CREATE TABLE ignored_users( ignorer_user_id TEXT NOT NULL, ignored_user_id TEXT NOT NULL );
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ignored_users_uniqueness ON ignored_users (ignorer_user_id, ignored_user_id);
+CREATE INDEX ignored_users_ignored_user_id ON ignored_users (ignored_user_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_auth_chains (
+  event_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+  chain_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+  sequence_number BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_auth_chains_c_seq_index ON event_auth_chains (chain_id, sequence_number);
+CREATE TABLE event_auth_chain_links (
+  origin_chain_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+  origin_sequence_number BIGINT NOT NULL,
+
+  target_chain_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+  target_sequence_number BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX event_auth_chain_links_idx ON event_auth_chain_links (origin_chain_id, target_chain_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_auth_chain_to_calculate (
+  event_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+  room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  type TEXT NOT NULL,
+  state_key TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX event_auth_chain_to_calculate_rm_id ON event_auth_chain_to_calculate(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE users_to_send_full_presence_to(
+    -- The user ID to send full presence to.
+    user_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    -- A presence stream ID token - the current presence stream token when the row was last upserted.
+    -- If a user calls /sync and this token is part of the update they're to receive, we also include
+    -- full user presence in the response.
+    -- This allows multiple devices for a user to receive full presence whenever they next call /sync.
+    presence_stream_id BIGINT,
+    FOREIGN KEY (user_id)
+        REFERENCES users (name)
+);
+CREATE TABLE refresh_tokens (
+  id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
+  user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  token TEXT NOT NULL,
+  -- When consumed, a new refresh token is generated, which is tracked by
+  -- this foreign key
+  next_token_id BIGINT REFERENCES refresh_tokens (id) ON DELETE CASCADE, expiry_ts BIGINT DEFAULT NULL, ultimate_session_expiry_ts BIGINT DEFAULT NULL,
+  UNIQUE(token)
+);
+CREATE TABLE worker_locks (
+    lock_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    lock_key TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- We write the instance name to ease manual debugging, we don't ever read
+    -- from it.
+    -- Note: instance names aren't guarenteed to be unique.
+    instance_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    -- A random string generated each time an instance takes out a lock. Used by
+    -- the instance to tell whether the lock is still held by it (e.g. in the
+    -- case where the process stalls for a long time the lock may time out and
+    -- be taken out by another instance, at which point the original instance
+    -- can tell it no longer holds the lock as the tokens no longer match).
+    token TEXT NOT NULL,
+    last_renewed_ts BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX worker_locks_key ON worker_locks (lock_name, lock_key);
+CREATE TABLE federation_inbound_events_staging (
+    origin TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    received_ts BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    event_json TEXT NOT NULL,
+    internal_metadata TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX federation_inbound_events_staging_room ON federation_inbound_events_staging(room_id, received_ts);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX federation_inbound_events_staging_instance_event ON federation_inbound_events_staging(origin, event_id);
+CREATE TABLE insertion_event_edges(
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    insertion_prev_event_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_edges_insertion_room_id ON insertion_event_edges(room_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_edges_insertion_prev_event_id ON insertion_event_edges(insertion_prev_event_id);
+CREATE TABLE insertion_event_extremities(
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX insertion_event_extremities_event_id ON insertion_event_extremities(event_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_extremities_room_id ON insertion_event_extremities(room_id);
+CREATE TABLE registration_tokens(
+    token TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The token that can be used for authentication.
+    uses_allowed INT,  -- The total number of times this token can be used. NULL if no limit.
+    pending INT NOT NULL, -- The number of in progress registrations using this token.
+    completed INT NOT NULL, -- The number of times this token has been used to complete a registration.
+    expiry_time BIGINT,  -- The latest time this token will be valid (epoch time in milliseconds). NULL if token doesn't expire.
+    UNIQUE (token)
+);
+CREATE TABLE sessions(
+    session_type TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The unique key for this type of session.
+    session_id TEXT NOT NULL,  -- The session ID passed to the client.
+    value TEXT NOT NULL, -- A JSON dictionary to persist.
+    expiry_time_ms BIGINT NOT NULL,  -- The time this session will expire (epoch time in milliseconds).
+    UNIQUE (session_type, session_id)
+);
+CREATE TABLE insertion_events(
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    next_batch_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX insertion_events_event_id ON insertion_events(event_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_events_next_batch_id ON insertion_events(next_batch_id);
+CREATE TABLE batch_events(
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    batch_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX batch_events_event_id ON batch_events(event_id);
+CREATE INDEX batch_events_batch_id ON batch_events(batch_id);
+CREATE INDEX insertion_event_edges_event_id ON insertion_event_edges(event_id);
+CREATE TABLE device_auth_providers (
+  user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  auth_provider_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  auth_provider_session_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX device_auth_providers_devices
+  ON device_auth_providers (user_id, device_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_auth_providers_sessions
+  ON device_auth_providers (auth_provider_id, auth_provider_session_id);
+CREATE INDEX refresh_tokens_next_token_id
+    ON refresh_tokens(next_token_id)
+    WHERE next_token_id IS NOT NULL;
+CREATE TABLE partial_state_rooms (
+    room_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    FOREIGN KEY(room_id) REFERENCES rooms(room_id)
+);
+CREATE TABLE partial_state_rooms_servers (
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES partial_state_rooms(room_id),
+    server_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    UNIQUE(room_id, server_name)
+);
+CREATE TABLE partial_state_events (
+    -- the room_id is denormalised for efficient indexing (the canonical source is `events`)
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES partial_state_rooms(room_id),
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES events(event_id),
+    UNIQUE(event_id)
+);
+CREATE INDEX partial_state_events_room_id_idx
+     ON partial_state_events (room_id);
+CREATE TRIGGER partial_state_events_bad_room_id
+            BEFORE INSERT ON partial_state_events
+            FOR EACH ROW
+            BEGIN
+                SELECT RAISE(ABORT, 'Incorrect room_id in partial_state_events')
+                WHERE EXISTS (
+                    SELECT 1 FROM events
+                    WHERE events.event_id = NEW.event_id
+                       AND events.room_id != NEW.room_id
+                );
+            END;
+CREATE TABLE device_lists_changes_in_room (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    device_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+
+    -- This initially matches `device_lists_stream.stream_id`. Note that we
+    -- delete older values from `device_lists_stream`, so we can't use a foreign
+    -- constraint here.
+    --
+    -- The table will contain rows with the same `stream_id` but different
+    -- `room_id`, as for each device update we store a row per room the user is
+    -- joined to. Therefore `(stream_id, room_id)` gives a unique index.
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+
+    -- We have a background process which goes through this table and converts
+    -- entries into rows in `device_lists_outbound_pokes`. Once we have processed
+    -- a row, we mark it as such by setting `converted_to_destinations=TRUE`.
+    converted_to_destinations BOOLEAN NOT NULL,
+    opentracing_context TEXT
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX device_lists_changes_in_stream_id ON device_lists_changes_in_room(stream_id, room_id);
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_changes_in_stream_id_unconverted ON device_lists_changes_in_room(stream_id) WHERE NOT converted_to_destinations;
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "event_edges" (
+  event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  prev_event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+  room_id TEXT NULL,
+  is_state BOOL NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+  FOREIGN KEY(event_id) REFERENCES events(event_id)
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_edges_event_id_prev_event_id_idx
+  ON event_edges (event_id, prev_event_id);
+CREATE INDEX ev_edges_prev_id ON event_edges (prev_event_id);
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id (
+    Lock CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'X' UNIQUE,  -- Makes sure this table only has one row.
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    CHECK (Lock='X')
+);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "application_services_state" (
+    as_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    state VARCHAR(5),
+    read_receipt_stream_id BIGINT,
+    presence_stream_id BIGINT,
+    to_device_stream_id BIGINT,
+    device_list_stream_id BIGINT
+);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "receipts_linearized" (
+    stream_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    receipt_type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    thread_id TEXT,
+    event_stream_ordering BIGINT,
+    data TEXT NOT NULL,
+    CONSTRAINT receipts_linearized_uniqueness UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id),
+    CONSTRAINT receipts_linearized_uniqueness_thread UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id, thread_id)
+);
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "receipts_graph" (
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    receipt_type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    event_ids TEXT NOT NULL,
+    thread_id TEXT,
+    data TEXT NOT NULL,
+    CONSTRAINT receipts_graph_uniqueness UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id),
+    CONSTRAINT receipts_graph_uniqueness_thread UNIQUE (room_id, receipt_type, user_id, thread_id)
+);
+CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_id ON receipts_linearized( stream_id );
+CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_room_stream ON receipts_linearized( room_id, stream_id );
+CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_user ON receipts_linearized( user_id );
+CREATE INDEX redactions_have_censored_ts ON redactions (received_ts) WHERE NOT have_censored;
+CREATE INDEX room_memberships_user_room_forgotten ON room_memberships (user_id, room_id) WHERE forgotten = 1;
+CREATE INDEX users_have_local_media ON local_media_repository (user_id, created_ts) ;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX e2e_cross_signing_keys_stream_idx ON e2e_cross_signing_keys (stream_id) ;
+CREATE INDEX user_external_ids_user_id_idx ON user_external_ids (user_id) ;
+CREATE INDEX presence_stream_state_not_offline_idx ON presence_stream (state) WHERE state != 'offline';
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_push_summary_unique_index ON event_push_summary (user_id, room_id) ;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX event_push_summary_unique_index2 ON event_push_summary (user_id, room_id, thread_id) ;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX receipts_graph_unique_index ON receipts_graph (room_id, receipt_type, user_id) WHERE thread_id IS NULL;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX receipts_linearized_unique_index ON receipts_linearized (room_id, receipt_type, user_id) WHERE thread_id IS NULL;
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_stream_highlight_index ON event_push_actions (highlight, stream_ordering) WHERE highlight=0;
+CREATE INDEX current_state_events_member_index ON current_state_events (state_key) WHERE type='m.room.member';
+CREATE INDEX event_contains_url_index ON events (room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering) WHERE contains_url = true AND outlier = false;
+CREATE INDEX event_push_actions_highlights_index ON event_push_actions (user_id, room_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering) WHERE highlight=1;
+CREATE INDEX local_media_repository_url_idx ON local_media_repository (created_ts) WHERE url_cache IS NOT NULL;
+INSERT INTO appservice_stream_position VALUES('X',0);
+INSERT INTO federation_stream_position VALUES('federation',-1,'master');
+INSERT INTO federation_stream_position VALUES('events',-1,'master');
+INSERT INTO event_push_summary_stream_ordering VALUES('X',0);
+INSERT INTO user_directory_stream_pos VALUES('X',1);
+INSERT INTO stats_incremental_position VALUES('X',1);
+INSERT INTO event_push_summary_last_receipt_stream_id VALUES('X',0);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres b/synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..263ade761e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.postgres
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+CREATE TABLE state_group_edges (
+    state_group bigint NOT NULL,
+    prev_state_group bigint NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE SEQUENCE state_group_id_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+CREATE TABLE state_groups (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE state_groups_state (
+    state_group bigint NOT NULL,
+    room_id text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    state_key text NOT NULL,
+    event_id text NOT NULL
+);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY state_groups_state ALTER COLUMN state_group SET (n_distinct=-0.02);
+ALTER TABLE ONLY state_groups
+    ADD CONSTRAINT state_groups_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);
+CREATE INDEX state_group_edges_prev_idx ON state_group_edges USING btree (prev_state_group);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX state_group_edges_unique_idx ON state_group_edges USING btree (state_group, prev_state_group);
+CREATE INDEX state_groups_room_id_idx ON state_groups USING btree (room_id);
+CREATE INDEX state_groups_state_type_idx ON state_groups_state USING btree (state_group, type, state_key);
+SELECT pg_catalog.setval('state_group_id_seq', 1, false);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite b/synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dda060b638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/state/full_schemas/72/full.sql.sqlite
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+CREATE TABLE state_groups (
+    id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE state_groups_state (
+    state_group BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    state_key TEXT NOT NULL,
+    event_id TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE TABLE state_group_edges (
+    state_group BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    prev_state_group BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX state_group_edges_prev_idx ON state_group_edges (prev_state_group);
+CREATE INDEX state_groups_state_type_idx ON state_groups_state (state_group, type, state_key);
+CREATE INDEX state_groups_room_id_idx ON state_groups (room_id) ;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX state_group_edges_unique_idx ON state_group_edges (state_group, prev_state_group) ;
diff --git a/synapse/types.py b/synapse/types.py
index ec44601f54..773f0438d5 100644
--- a/synapse/types.py
+++ b/synapse/types.py
@@ -835,6 +835,7 @@ class ReadReceipt:
     receipt_type: str
     user_id: str
     event_ids: List[str]
+    thread_id: Optional[str]
     data: JsonDict
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py b/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py
index 10aff4d04a..3909f1caea 100644
--- a/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py
+++ b/synapse/util/caches/descriptors.py
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ CacheKey = Union[Tuple, Any]
 F = TypeVar("F", bound=Callable[..., Any])
 
 
-class _CachedFunction(Generic[F]):
+class CachedFunction(Generic[F]):
     invalidate: Any = None
     invalidate_all: Any = None
     prefill: Any = None
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class LruCacheDescriptor(_CacheDescriptorBase):
 
             return ret2
 
-        wrapped = cast(_CachedFunction, _wrapped)
+        wrapped = cast(CachedFunction, _wrapped)
         wrapped.cache = cache
         obj.__dict__[self.name] = wrapped
 
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ class DeferredCacheDescriptor(_CacheDescriptorBase):
 
             return make_deferred_yieldable(ret)
 
-        wrapped = cast(_CachedFunction, _wrapped)
+        wrapped = cast(CachedFunction, _wrapped)
 
         if self.num_args == 1:
             assert not self.tree
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ def cached(
     iterable: bool = False,
     prune_unread_entries: bool = True,
     name: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> Callable[[F], _CachedFunction[F]]:
+) -> Callable[[F], CachedFunction[F]]:
     func = lambda orig: DeferredCacheDescriptor(
         orig,
         max_entries=max_entries,
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ def cached(
         name=name,
     )
 
-    return cast(Callable[[F], _CachedFunction[F]], func)
+    return cast(Callable[[F], CachedFunction[F]], func)
 
 
 def cachedList(
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ def cachedList(
     list_name: str,
     num_args: Optional[int] = None,
     name: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> Callable[[F], _CachedFunction[F]]:
+) -> Callable[[F], CachedFunction[F]]:
     """Creates a descriptor that wraps a function in a `DeferredCacheListDescriptor`.
 
     Used to do batch lookups for an already created cache. One of the arguments
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ def cachedList(
         name=name,
     )
 
-    return cast(Callable[[F], _CachedFunction[F]], func)
+    return cast(Callable[[F], CachedFunction[F]], func)
 
 
 def _get_cache_key_builder(
diff --git a/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py b/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py
index a5aa500ef8..f1e357764f 100644
--- a/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py
+++ b/tests/federation/test_federation_sender.py
@@ -49,7 +49,12 @@ class FederationSenderReceiptsTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         sender = self.hs.get_federation_sender()
         receipt = ReadReceipt(
-            "room_id", "m.read", "user_id", ["event_id"], {"ts": 1234}
+            "room_id",
+            "m.read",
+            "user_id",
+            ["event_id"],
+            thread_id=None,
+            data={"ts": 1234},
         )
         self.successResultOf(defer.ensureDeferred(sender.send_read_receipt(receipt)))
 
@@ -89,7 +94,12 @@ class FederationSenderReceiptsTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         sender = self.hs.get_federation_sender()
         receipt = ReadReceipt(
-            "room_id", "m.read", "user_id", ["event_id"], {"ts": 1234}
+            "room_id",
+            "m.read",
+            "user_id",
+            ["event_id"],
+            thread_id=None,
+            data={"ts": 1234},
         )
         self.successResultOf(defer.ensureDeferred(sender.send_read_receipt(receipt)))
 
@@ -121,7 +131,12 @@ class FederationSenderReceiptsTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         # send the second RR
         receipt = ReadReceipt(
-            "room_id", "m.read", "user_id", ["other_id"], {"ts": 1234}
+            "room_id",
+            "m.read",
+            "user_id",
+            ["other_id"],
+            thread_id=None,
+            data={"ts": 1234},
         )
         self.successResultOf(defer.ensureDeferred(sender.send_read_receipt(receipt)))
         self.pump()
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_appservice.py b/tests/handlers/test_appservice.py
index b17af2725b..af24c4984d 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_appservice.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_appservice.py
@@ -447,6 +447,7 @@ class ApplicationServicesHandlerSendEventsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
                     receipt_type="m.read",
                     user_id=self.local_user,
                     event_ids=[f"$eventid_{i}"],
+                    thread_id=None,
                     data={},
                 )
             )
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_deactivate_account.py b/tests/handlers/test_deactivate_account.py
index 7b9b711521..bce65fab7d 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_deactivate_account.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_deactivate_account.py
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@
 from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactor
 
 from synapse.api.constants import AccountDataTypes
-from synapse.push.baserules import PushRule
 from synapse.push.rulekinds import PRIORITY_CLASS_MAP
 from synapse.rest import admin
 from synapse.rest.client import account, login
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.synapse_rust.push import PushRule
 from synapse.util import Clock
 
 from tests.unittest import HomeserverTestCase
@@ -161,20 +161,15 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
             self._store.get_push_rules_for_user(self.user)
         )
         # Filter out default rules; we don't care
-        push_rules = [r for r, _ in filtered_push_rules if self._is_custom_rule(r)]
+        push_rules = [
+            r for r, _ in filtered_push_rules.rules() if self._is_custom_rule(r)
+        ]
         # Check our rule made it
-        self.assertEqual(
-            push_rules,
-            [
-                PushRule(
-                    rule_id="personal.override.rule1",
-                    priority_class=5,
-                    conditions=[],
-                    actions=[],
-                )
-            ],
-            push_rules,
-        )
+        self.assertEqual(len(push_rules), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(push_rules[0].rule_id, "personal.override.rule1")
+        self.assertEqual(push_rules[0].priority_class, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(push_rules[0].conditions, [])
+        self.assertEqual(push_rules[0].actions, [])
 
         # Request the deactivation of our account
         self._deactivate_my_account()
@@ -183,7 +178,9 @@ class DeactivateAccountTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
             self._store.get_push_rules_for_user(self.user)
         )
         # Filter out default rules; we don't care
-        push_rules = [r for r, _ in filtered_push_rules if self._is_custom_rule(r)]
+        push_rules = [
+            r for r, _ in filtered_push_rules.rules() if self._is_custom_rule(r)
+        ]
         # Check our rule no longer exists
         self.assertEqual(push_rules, [], push_rules)
 
diff --git a/tests/handlers/test_typing.py b/tests/handlers/test_typing.py
index 8adba29d7f..9c821b3042 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/test_typing.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/test_typing.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class TypingNotificationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         async def check_host_in_room(room_id: str, server_name: str) -> bool:
             return room_id == ROOM_ID
 
-        hs.get_event_auth_handler().check_host_in_room = check_host_in_room
+        hs.get_event_auth_handler().is_host_in_room = check_host_in_room
 
         async def get_current_hosts_in_room(room_id: str):
             return {member.domain for member in self.room_members}
@@ -138,6 +138,10 @@ class TypingNotificationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
             get_current_hosts_in_room
         )
 
+        hs.get_storage_controllers().state.get_current_hosts_in_room_or_partial_state_approximation = (
+            get_current_hosts_in_room
+        )
+
         async def get_users_in_room(room_id: str):
             return {str(u) for u in self.room_members}
 
diff --git a/tests/push/test_email.py b/tests/push/test_email.py
index 7a3b0d6755..fd14568f55 100644
--- a/tests/push/test_email.py
+++ b/tests/push/test_email.py
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ class EmailPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         )
 
         self.pusher = self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=self.user_id,
                 access_token=self.token_id,
                 kind="email",
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class EmailPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         """
         with self.assertRaises(SynapseError) as cm:
             self.get_success_or_raise(
-                self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+                self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                     user_id=self.user_id,
                     access_token=self.token_id,
                     kind="email",
diff --git a/tests/push/test_http.py b/tests/push/test_http.py
index d9c68cdd2d..b383b8401f 100644
--- a/tests/push/test_http.py
+++ b/tests/push/test_http.py
@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactor
 
 import synapse.rest.admin
 from synapse.logging.context import make_deferred_yieldable
-from synapse.push import PusherConfigException
-from synapse.rest.client import login, push_rule, receipts, room
+from synapse.push import PusherConfig, PusherConfigException
+from synapse.rest.client import login, push_rule, pusher, receipts, room
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.storage.databases.main.registration import TokenLookupResult
 from synapse.types import JsonDict
 from synapse.util import Clock
 
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         login.register_servlets,
         receipts.register_servlets,
         push_rule.register_servlets,
+        pusher.register_servlets,
     ]
     user_id = True
     hijack_auth = False
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
 
         def test_data(data: Optional[JsonDict]) -> None:
             self.get_failure(
-                self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+                self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                     user_id=user_id,
                     access_token=token_id,
                     kind="http",
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -235,7 +237,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -355,7 +357,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -441,7 +443,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -518,7 +520,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -624,7 +626,7 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -728,18 +730,38 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         )
         self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200, channel.json_body)
 
-    def _make_user_with_pusher(self, username: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+    def _make_user_with_pusher(
+        self, username: str, enabled: bool = True
+    ) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        """Registers a user and creates a pusher for them.
+
+        Args:
+            username: the localpart of the new user's Matrix ID.
+            enabled: whether to create the pusher in an enabled or disabled state.
+        """
         user_id = self.register_user(username, "pass")
         access_token = self.login(username, "pass")
 
         # Register the pusher
+        self._set_pusher(user_id, access_token, enabled)
+
+        return user_id, access_token
+
+    def _set_pusher(self, user_id: str, access_token: str, enabled: bool) -> None:
+        """Creates or updates the pusher for the given user.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id: the user's Matrix ID.
+            access_token: the access token associated with the pusher.
+            enabled: whether to enable or disable the pusher.
+        """
         user_tuple = self.get_success(
             self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_user_by_access_token(access_token)
         )
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
@@ -749,11 +771,11 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
                 pushkey="a@example.com",
                 lang=None,
                 data={"url": "http://example.com/_matrix/push/v1/notify"},
+                enabled=enabled,
+                device_id=user_tuple.device_id,
             )
         )
 
-        return user_id, access_token
-
     def test_dont_notify_rule_overrides_message(self) -> None:
         """
         The override push rule will suppress notification
@@ -791,3 +813,148 @@ class HTTPPusherTests(HomeserverTestCase):
         # The user sends a message back (sends a notification)
         self.helper.send(room, body="Hello", tok=access_token)
         self.assertEqual(len(self.push_attempts), 1)
+
+    @override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3881_enabled": True}})
+    def test_disable(self) -> None:
+        """Tests that disabling a pusher means it's not pushed to anymore."""
+        user_id, access_token = self._make_user_with_pusher("user")
+        other_user_id, other_access_token = self._make_user_with_pusher("otheruser")
+
+        room = self.helper.create_room_as(user_id, tok=access_token)
+        self.helper.join(room=room, user=other_user_id, tok=other_access_token)
+
+        # Send a message and check that it generated a push.
+        self.helper.send(room, body="Hi!", tok=other_access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.push_attempts), 1)
+
+        # Disable the pusher.
+        self._set_pusher(user_id, access_token, enabled=False)
+
+        # Send another message and check that it did not generate a push.
+        self.helper.send(room, body="Hi!", tok=other_access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.push_attempts), 1)
+
+        # Get the pushers for the user and check that it is marked as disabled.
+        channel = self.make_request("GET", "/pushers", access_token=access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(channel.json_body["pushers"]), 1)
+
+        enabled = channel.json_body["pushers"][0]["org.matrix.msc3881.enabled"]
+        self.assertFalse(enabled)
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(enabled, bool))
+
+    @override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3881_enabled": True}})
+    def test_enable(self) -> None:
+        """Tests that enabling a disabled pusher means it gets pushed to."""
+        # Create the user with the pusher already disabled.
+        user_id, access_token = self._make_user_with_pusher("user", enabled=False)
+        other_user_id, other_access_token = self._make_user_with_pusher("otheruser")
+
+        room = self.helper.create_room_as(user_id, tok=access_token)
+        self.helper.join(room=room, user=other_user_id, tok=other_access_token)
+
+        # Send a message and check that it did not generate a push.
+        self.helper.send(room, body="Hi!", tok=other_access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.push_attempts), 0)
+
+        # Enable the pusher.
+        self._set_pusher(user_id, access_token, enabled=True)
+
+        # Send another message and check that it did generate a push.
+        self.helper.send(room, body="Hi!", tok=other_access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(len(self.push_attempts), 1)
+
+        # Get the pushers for the user and check that it is marked as enabled.
+        channel = self.make_request("GET", "/pushers", access_token=access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(channel.json_body["pushers"]), 1)
+
+        enabled = channel.json_body["pushers"][0]["org.matrix.msc3881.enabled"]
+        self.assertTrue(enabled)
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(enabled, bool))
+
+    @override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3881_enabled": True}})
+    def test_null_enabled(self) -> None:
+        """Tests that a pusher that has an 'enabled' column set to NULL (eg pushers
+        created before the column was introduced) is considered enabled.
+        """
+        # We intentionally set 'enabled' to None so that it's stored as NULL in the
+        # database.
+        user_id, access_token = self._make_user_with_pusher("user", enabled=None)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+        channel = self.make_request("GET", "/pushers", access_token=access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(channel.json_body["pushers"]), 1)
+        self.assertTrue(channel.json_body["pushers"][0]["org.matrix.msc3881.enabled"])
+
+    def test_update_different_device_access_token_device_id(self) -> None:
+        """Tests that if we create a pusher from one device, the update it from another
+        device, the access token and device ID associated with the pusher stays the
+        same.
+        """
+        # Create a user with a pusher.
+        user_id, access_token = self._make_user_with_pusher("user")
+
+        # Get the token ID for the current access token, since that's what we store in
+        # the pushers table. Also get the device ID from it.
+        user_tuple = self.get_success(
+            self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_user_by_access_token(access_token)
+        )
+        token_id = user_tuple.token_id
+        device_id = user_tuple.device_id
+
+        # Generate a new access token, and update the pusher with it.
+        new_token = self.login("user", "pass")
+        self._set_pusher(user_id, new_token, enabled=False)
+
+        # Get the current list of pushers for the user.
+        ret = self.get_success(
+            self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_pushers_by({"user_name": user_id})
+        )
+        pushers: List[PusherConfig] = list(ret)
+
+        # Check that we still have one pusher, and that the access token and device ID
+        # associated with it didn't change.
+        self.assertEqual(len(pushers), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(pushers[0].access_token, token_id)
+        self.assertEqual(pushers[0].device_id, device_id)
+
+    @override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3881_enabled": True}})
+    def test_device_id(self) -> None:
+        """Tests that a pusher created with a given device ID shows that device ID in
+        GET /pushers requests.
+        """
+        self.register_user("user", "pass")
+        access_token = self.login("user", "pass")
+
+        # We create the pusher with an HTTP request rather than with
+        # _make_user_with_pusher so that we can test the device ID is correctly set when
+        # creating a pusher via an API call.
+        self.make_request(
+            method="POST",
+            path="/pushers/set",
+            content={
+                "kind": "http",
+                "app_id": "m.http",
+                "app_display_name": "HTTP Push Notifications",
+                "device_display_name": "pushy push",
+                "pushkey": "a@example.com",
+                "lang": "en",
+                "data": {"url": "http://example.com/_matrix/push/v1/notify"},
+            },
+            access_token=access_token,
+        )
+
+        # Look up the user info for the access token so we can compare the device ID.
+        lookup_result: TokenLookupResult = self.get_success(
+            self.hs.get_datastores().main.get_user_by_access_token(access_token)
+        )
+
+        # Get the user's devices and check it has the correct device ID.
+        channel = self.make_request("GET", "/pushers", access_token=access_token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(len(channel.json_body["pushers"]), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            channel.json_body["pushers"][0]["org.matrix.msc3881.device_id"],
+            lookup_result.device_id,
+        )
diff --git a/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py b/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py
index 49a21e2e85..efd92793c0 100644
--- a/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py
+++ b/tests/replication/slave/storage/test_events.py
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ class SlavedEventStoreTestCase(BaseSlavedStoreTestCase):
         if send_receipt:
             self.get_success(
                 self.master_store.insert_receipt(
-                    ROOM_ID, ReceiptTypes.READ, USER_ID_2, [event1.event_id], {}
+                    ROOM_ID, ReceiptTypes.READ, USER_ID_2, [event1.event_id], None, {}
                 )
             )
 
diff --git a/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_receipts.py b/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_receipts.py
index eb00117845..ede6d0c118 100644
--- a/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_receipts.py
+++ b/tests/replication/tcp/streams/test_receipts.py
@@ -33,7 +33,12 @@ class ReceiptsStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
         # tell the master to send a new receipt
         self.get_success(
             self.hs.get_datastores().main.insert_receipt(
-                "!room:blue", "m.read", USER_ID, ["$event:blue"], {"a": 1}
+                "!room:blue",
+                "m.read",
+                USER_ID,
+                ["$event:blue"],
+                thread_id=None,
+                data={"a": 1},
             )
         )
         self.replicate()
@@ -48,6 +53,7 @@ class ReceiptsStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
         self.assertEqual("m.read", row.receipt_type)
         self.assertEqual(USER_ID, row.user_id)
         self.assertEqual("$event:blue", row.event_id)
+        self.assertIsNone(row.thread_id)
         self.assertEqual({"a": 1}, row.data)
 
         # Now let's disconnect and insert some data.
@@ -57,7 +63,12 @@ class ReceiptsStreamTestCase(BaseStreamTestCase):
 
         self.get_success(
             self.hs.get_datastores().main.insert_receipt(
-                "!room2:blue", "m.read", USER_ID, ["$event2:foo"], {"a": 2}
+                "!room2:blue",
+                "m.read",
+                USER_ID,
+                ["$event2:foo"],
+                thread_id=None,
+                data={"a": 2},
             )
         )
         self.replicate()
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_module_cache_invalidation.py b/tests/replication/test_module_cache_invalidation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b93cae67d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/replication/test_module_cache_invalidation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import logging
+
+import synapse
+from synapse.module_api import cached
+
+from tests.replication._base import BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+FIRST_VALUE = "one"
+SECOND_VALUE = "two"
+
+KEY = "mykey"
+
+
+class TestCache:
+    current_value = FIRST_VALUE
+
+    @cached()
+    async def cached_function(self, user_id: str) -> str:
+        return self.current_value
+
+
+class ModuleCacheInvalidationTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
+    servlets = [
+        synapse.rest.admin.register_servlets,
+    ]
+
+    def test_module_cache_full_invalidation(self):
+        main_cache = TestCache()
+        self.hs.get_module_api().register_cached_function(main_cache.cached_function)
+
+        worker_hs = self.make_worker_hs("synapse.app.generic_worker")
+
+        worker_cache = TestCache()
+        worker_hs.get_module_api().register_cached_function(
+            worker_cache.cached_function
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(FIRST_VALUE, self.get_success(main_cache.cached_function(KEY)))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            FIRST_VALUE, self.get_success(worker_cache.cached_function(KEY))
+        )
+
+        main_cache.current_value = SECOND_VALUE
+        worker_cache.current_value = SECOND_VALUE
+        # No invalidation yet, should return the cached value on both the main process and the worker
+        self.assertEqual(FIRST_VALUE, self.get_success(main_cache.cached_function(KEY)))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            FIRST_VALUE, self.get_success(worker_cache.cached_function(KEY))
+        )
+
+        # Full invalidation on the main process, should be replicated on the worker that
+        # should returned the updated value too
+        self.get_success(
+            self.hs.get_module_api().invalidate_cache(
+                main_cache.cached_function, (KEY,)
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            SECOND_VALUE, self.get_success(main_cache.cached_function(KEY))
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            SECOND_VALUE, self.get_success(worker_cache.cached_function(KEY))
+        )
diff --git a/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py b/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py
index 8f4f6688ce..59fea93e49 100644
--- a/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py
+++ b/tests/replication/test_pusher_shard.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class PusherShardTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):
         token_id = user_dict.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=user_id,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
diff --git a/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py b/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py
index 9f536ceeb3..1847e6ad6b 100644
--- a/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py
+++ b/tests/rest/admin/test_user.py
@@ -2839,7 +2839,7 @@ class PushersRestTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         token_id = user_tuple.token_id
 
         self.get_success(
-            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_pusher(
+            self.hs.get_pusherpool().add_or_update_pusher(
                 user_id=self.other_user,
                 access_token=token_id,
                 kind="http",
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/test_login_token_request.py b/tests/rest/client/test_login_token_request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5bb16c98d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rest/client/test_login_token_request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactor
+
+from synapse.rest import admin
+from synapse.rest.client import login, login_token_request
+from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.util import Clock
+
+from tests import unittest
+from tests.unittest import override_config
+
+
+class LoginTokenRequestServletTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
+
+    servlets = [
+        login.register_servlets,
+        admin.register_servlets,
+        login_token_request.register_servlets,
+    ]
+
+    def make_homeserver(self, reactor: MemoryReactor, clock: Clock) -> HomeServer:
+        self.hs = self.setup_test_homeserver()
+        self.hs.config.registration.enable_registration = True
+        self.hs.config.registration.registrations_require_3pid = []
+        self.hs.config.registration.auto_join_rooms = []
+        self.hs.config.captcha.enable_registration_captcha = False
+
+        return self.hs
+
+    def prepare(self, reactor: MemoryReactor, clock: Clock, hs: HomeServer) -> None:
+        self.user = "user123"
+        self.password = "password"
+
+    def test_disabled(self) -> None:
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", {}, access_token=None)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400)
+
+        self.register_user(self.user, self.password)
+        token = self.login(self.user, self.password)
+
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", {}, access_token=token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 400)
+
+    @override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3882_enabled": True}})
+    def test_require_auth(self) -> None:
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", {}, access_token=None)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 401)
+
+    @override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3882_enabled": True}})
+    def test_uia_on(self) -> None:
+        user_id = self.register_user(self.user, self.password)
+        token = self.login(self.user, self.password)
+
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", {}, access_token=token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 401)
+        self.assertIn({"stages": ["m.login.password"]}, channel.json_body["flows"])
+
+        session = channel.json_body["session"]
+
+        uia = {
+            "auth": {
+                "type": "m.login.password",
+                "identifier": {"type": "m.id.user", "user": self.user},
+                "password": self.password,
+                "session": session,
+            },
+        }
+
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", uia, access_token=token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["expires_in"], 300)
+
+        login_token = channel.json_body["login_token"]
+
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            "/login",
+            content={"type": "m.login.token", "token": login_token},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200, channel.result)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["user_id"], user_id)
+
+    @override_config(
+        {"experimental_features": {"msc3882_enabled": True, "msc3882_ui_auth": False}}
+    )
+    def test_uia_off(self) -> None:
+        user_id = self.register_user(self.user, self.password)
+        token = self.login(self.user, self.password)
+
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", {}, access_token=token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["expires_in"], 300)
+
+        login_token = channel.json_body["login_token"]
+
+        channel = self.make_request(
+            "POST",
+            "/login",
+            content={"type": "m.login.token", "token": login_token},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200, channel.result)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["user_id"], user_id)
+
+    @override_config(
+        {
+            "experimental_features": {
+                "msc3882_enabled": True,
+                "msc3882_ui_auth": False,
+                "msc3882_token_timeout": "15s",
+            }
+        }
+    )
+    def test_expires_in(self) -> None:
+        self.register_user(self.user, self.password)
+        token = self.login(self.user, self.password)
+
+        channel = self.make_request("POST", "/login/token", {}, access_token=token)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(channel.json_body["expires_in"], 15)
diff --git a/tests/rest/client/test_relations.py b/tests/rest/client/test_relations.py
index 651f4f415d..d33e34d829 100644
--- a/tests/rest/client/test_relations.py
+++ b/tests/rest/client/test_relations.py
@@ -788,6 +788,7 @@ class RelationPaginationTestCase(BaseRelationsTestCase):
             channel.json_body["chunk"][0],
         )
 
+    @unittest.override_config({"experimental_features": {"msc3715_enabled": True}})
     def test_repeated_paginate_relations(self) -> None:
         """Test that if we paginate using a limit and tokens then we get the
         expected events.
@@ -809,7 +810,7 @@ class RelationPaginationTestCase(BaseRelationsTestCase):
 
             channel = self.make_request(
                 "GET",
-                f"/_matrix/client/v1/rooms/{self.room}/relations/{self.parent_id}?limit=1{from_token}",
+                f"/_matrix/client/v1/rooms/{self.room}/relations/{self.parent_id}?limit=3{from_token}",
                 access_token=self.user_token,
             )
             self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, channel.json_body)
@@ -827,6 +828,32 @@ class RelationPaginationTestCase(BaseRelationsTestCase):
         found_event_ids.reverse()
         self.assertEqual(found_event_ids, expected_event_ids)
 
+        # Test forward pagination.
+        prev_token = ""
+        found_event_ids = []
+        for _ in range(20):
+            from_token = ""
+            if prev_token:
+                from_token = "&from=" + prev_token
+
+            channel = self.make_request(
+                "GET",
+                f"/_matrix/client/v1/rooms/{self.room}/relations/{self.parent_id}?org.matrix.msc3715.dir=f&limit=3{from_token}",
+                access_token=self.user_token,
+            )
+            self.assertEqual(200, channel.code, channel.json_body)
+
+            found_event_ids.extend(e["event_id"] for e in channel.json_body["chunk"])
+            next_batch = channel.json_body.get("next_batch")
+
+            self.assertNotEqual(prev_token, next_batch)
+            prev_token = next_batch
+
+            if not prev_token:
+                break
+
+        self.assertEqual(found_event_ids, expected_event_ids)
+
     def test_pagination_from_sync_and_messages(self) -> None:
         """Pagination tokens from /sync and /messages can be used to paginate /relations."""
         channel = self._send_relation(RelationTypes.ANNOTATION, "m.reaction", "A")
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py b/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py
index a6679e1312..85739c464e 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_event_federation.py
@@ -12,25 +12,38 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from typing import Tuple, Union
+import datetime
+from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Union
 
 import attr
 from parameterized import parameterized
 
+from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactor
+
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes
 from synapse.api.room_versions import (
     KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS,
     EventFormatVersions,
     RoomVersion,
 )
 from synapse.events import _EventInternalMetadata
-from synapse.util import json_encoder
+from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.storage.database import LoggingTransaction
+from synapse.types import JsonDict
+from synapse.util import Clock, json_encoder
 
 import tests.unittest
 import tests.utils
 
 
+@attr.s(auto_attribs=True, frozen=True, slots=True)
+class _BackfillSetupInfo:
+    room_id: str
+    depth_map: Dict[str, int]
+
+
 class EventFederationWorkerStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
-    def prepare(self, reactor, clock, hs):
+    def prepare(self, reactor: MemoryReactor, clock: Clock, hs: HomeServer) -> None:
         self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
 
     def test_get_prev_events_for_room(self):
@@ -571,11 +584,471 @@ class EventFederationWorkerStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
         )
         self.assertEqual(count, 1)
 
-        _, event_id = self.get_success(
+        next_staged_event_info = self.get_success(
             self.store.get_next_staged_event_id_for_room(room_id)
         )
+        assert next_staged_event_info
+        _, event_id = next_staged_event_info
         self.assertEqual(event_id, "$fake_event_id_500")
 
+    def _setup_room_for_backfill_tests(self) -> _BackfillSetupInfo:
+        """
+        Sets up a room with various events and backward extremities to test
+        backfill functions against.
+
+        Returns:
+            _BackfillSetupInfo including the `room_id` to test against and
+            `depth_map` of events in the room
+        """
+        room_id = "!backfill-room-test:some-host"
+
+        # The silly graph we use to test grabbing backward extremities,
+        # where the top is the oldest events.
+        #    1 (oldest)
+        #    |
+        #    2 ⹁
+        #    |  \
+        #    |   [b1, b2, b3]
+        #    |   |
+        #    |   A
+        #    |  /
+        #    3 {
+        #    |  \
+        #    |   [b4, b5, b6]
+        #    |   |
+        #    |   B
+        #    |  /
+        #    4 ´
+        #    |
+        #    5 (newest)
+
+        event_graph: Dict[str, List[str]] = {
+            "1": [],
+            "2": ["1"],
+            "3": ["2", "A"],
+            "4": ["3", "B"],
+            "5": ["4"],
+            "A": ["b1", "b2", "b3"],
+            "b1": ["2"],
+            "b2": ["2"],
+            "b3": ["2"],
+            "B": ["b4", "b5", "b6"],
+            "b4": ["3"],
+            "b5": ["3"],
+            "b6": ["3"],
+        }
+
+        depth_map: Dict[str, int] = {
+            "1": 1,
+            "2": 2,
+            "b1": 3,
+            "b2": 3,
+            "b3": 3,
+            "A": 4,
+            "3": 5,
+            "b4": 6,
+            "b5": 6,
+            "b6": 6,
+            "B": 7,
+            "4": 8,
+            "5": 9,
+        }
+
+        # The events we have persisted on our server.
+        # The rest are events in the room but not backfilled tet.
+        our_server_events = {"5", "4", "B", "3", "A"}
+
+        complete_event_dict_map: Dict[str, JsonDict] = {}
+        stream_ordering = 0
+        for (event_id, prev_event_ids) in event_graph.items():
+            depth = depth_map[event_id]
+
+            complete_event_dict_map[event_id] = {
+                "event_id": event_id,
+                "type": "test_regular_type",
+                "room_id": room_id,
+                "sender": "@sender",
+                "prev_event_ids": prev_event_ids,
+                "auth_event_ids": [],
+                "origin_server_ts": stream_ordering,
+                "depth": depth,
+                "stream_ordering": stream_ordering,
+                "content": {"body": "event" + event_id},
+            }
+
+            stream_ordering += 1
+
+        def populate_db(txn: LoggingTransaction):
+            # Insert the room to satisfy the foreign key constraint of
+            # `event_failed_pull_attempts`
+            self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                txn,
+                "rooms",
+                {
+                    "room_id": room_id,
+                    "creator": "room_creator_user_id",
+                    "is_public": True,
+                    "room_version": "6",
+                },
+            )
+
+            # Insert our server events
+            for event_id in our_server_events:
+                event_dict = complete_event_dict_map[event_id]
+
+                self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="events",
+                    values={
+                        "event_id": event_dict.get("event_id"),
+                        "type": event_dict.get("type"),
+                        "room_id": event_dict.get("room_id"),
+                        "depth": event_dict.get("depth"),
+                        "topological_ordering": event_dict.get("depth"),
+                        "stream_ordering": event_dict.get("stream_ordering"),
+                        "processed": True,
+                        "outlier": False,
+                    },
+                )
+
+            # Insert the event edges
+            for event_id in our_server_events:
+                for prev_event_id in event_graph[event_id]:
+                    self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                        txn,
+                        table="event_edges",
+                        values={
+                            "event_id": event_id,
+                            "prev_event_id": prev_event_id,
+                            "room_id": room_id,
+                        },
+                    )
+
+            # Insert the backward extremities
+            prev_events_of_our_events = {
+                prev_event_id
+                for our_server_event in our_server_events
+                for prev_event_id in complete_event_dict_map[our_server_event][
+                    "prev_event_ids"
+                ]
+            }
+            backward_extremities = prev_events_of_our_events - our_server_events
+            for backward_extremity in backward_extremities:
+                self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="event_backward_extremities",
+                    values={
+                        "event_id": backward_extremity,
+                        "room_id": room_id,
+                    },
+                )
+
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.db_pool.runInteraction(
+                "_setup_room_for_backfill_tests_populate_db",
+                populate_db,
+            )
+        )
+
+        return _BackfillSetupInfo(room_id=room_id, depth_map=depth_map)
+
+    def test_get_backfill_points_in_room(self):
+        """
+        Test to make sure we get some backfill points
+        """
+        setup_info = self._setup_room_for_backfill_tests()
+        room_id = setup_info.room_id
+
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_backfill_points_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        self.assertListEqual(
+            backfill_event_ids, ["b6", "b5", "b4", "2", "b3", "b2", "b1"]
+        )
+
+    def test_get_backfill_points_in_room_excludes_events_we_have_attempted(
+        self,
+    ):
+        """
+        Test to make sure that events we have attempted to backfill (and within
+        backoff timeout duration) do not show up as an event to backfill again.
+        """
+        setup_info = self._setup_room_for_backfill_tests()
+        room_id = setup_info.room_id
+
+        # Record some attempts to backfill these events which will make
+        # `get_backfill_points_in_room` exclude them because we
+        # haven't passed the backoff interval.
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b5", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b4", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b3", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b2", "fake cause")
+        )
+
+        # No time has passed since we attempted to backfill ^
+
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_backfill_points_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        # Only the backfill points that we didn't record earlier exist here.
+        self.assertListEqual(backfill_event_ids, ["b6", "2", "b1"])
+
+    def test_get_backfill_points_in_room_attempted_event_retry_after_backoff_duration(
+        self,
+    ):
+        """
+        Test to make sure after we fake attempt to backfill event "b3" many times,
+        we can see retry and see the "b3" again after the backoff timeout duration
+        has exceeded.
+        """
+        setup_info = self._setup_room_for_backfill_tests()
+        room_id = setup_info.room_id
+
+        # Record some attempts to backfill these events which will make
+        # `get_backfill_points_in_room` exclude them because we
+        # haven't passed the backoff interval.
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b3", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b1", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b1", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b1", "fake cause")
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(room_id, "b1", "fake cause")
+        )
+
+        # Now advance time by 2 hours and we should only be able to see "b3"
+        # because we have waited long enough for the single attempt (2^1 hours)
+        # but we still shouldn't see "b1" because we haven't waited long enough
+        # for this many attempts. We didn't do anything to "b2" so it should be
+        # visible regardless.
+        self.reactor.advance(datetime.timedelta(hours=2).total_seconds())
+
+        # Make sure that "b1" is not in the list because we've
+        # already attempted many times
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_backfill_points_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        self.assertListEqual(backfill_event_ids, ["b6", "b5", "b4", "2", "b3", "b2"])
+
+        # Now advance time by 20 hours (above 2^4 because we made 4 attemps) and
+        # see if we can now backfill it
+        self.reactor.advance(datetime.timedelta(hours=20).total_seconds())
+
+        # Try again after we advanced enough time and we should see "b3" again
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_backfill_points_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        self.assertListEqual(
+            backfill_event_ids, ["b6", "b5", "b4", "2", "b3", "b2", "b1"]
+        )
+
+    def _setup_room_for_insertion_backfill_tests(self) -> _BackfillSetupInfo:
+        """
+        Sets up a room with various insertion event backward extremities to test
+        backfill functions against.
+
+        Returns:
+            _BackfillSetupInfo including the `room_id` to test against and
+            `depth_map` of events in the room
+        """
+        room_id = "!backfill-room-test:some-host"
+
+        depth_map: Dict[str, int] = {
+            "1": 1,
+            "2": 2,
+            "insertion_eventA": 3,
+            "3": 4,
+            "insertion_eventB": 5,
+            "4": 6,
+            "5": 7,
+        }
+
+        def populate_db(txn: LoggingTransaction):
+            # Insert the room to satisfy the foreign key constraint of
+            # `event_failed_pull_attempts`
+            self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                txn,
+                "rooms",
+                {
+                    "room_id": room_id,
+                    "creator": "room_creator_user_id",
+                    "is_public": True,
+                    "room_version": "6",
+                },
+            )
+
+            # Insert our server events
+            stream_ordering = 0
+            for event_id, depth in depth_map.items():
+                self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="events",
+                    values={
+                        "event_id": event_id,
+                        "type": EventTypes.MSC2716_INSERTION
+                        if event_id.startswith("insertion_event")
+                        else "test_regular_type",
+                        "room_id": room_id,
+                        "depth": depth,
+                        "topological_ordering": depth,
+                        "stream_ordering": stream_ordering,
+                        "processed": True,
+                        "outlier": False,
+                    },
+                )
+
+                if event_id.startswith("insertion_event"):
+                    self.store.db_pool.simple_insert_txn(
+                        txn,
+                        table="insertion_event_extremities",
+                        values={
+                            "event_id": event_id,
+                            "room_id": room_id,
+                        },
+                    )
+
+                stream_ordering += 1
+
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.db_pool.runInteraction(
+                "_setup_room_for_insertion_backfill_tests_populate_db",
+                populate_db,
+            )
+        )
+
+        return _BackfillSetupInfo(room_id=room_id, depth_map=depth_map)
+
+    def test_get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room(self):
+        """
+        Test to make sure insertion event backward extremities are returned.
+        """
+        setup_info = self._setup_room_for_insertion_backfill_tests()
+        room_id = setup_info.room_id
+
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        self.assertListEqual(
+            backfill_event_ids, ["insertion_eventB", "insertion_eventA"]
+        )
+
+    def test_get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room_excludes_events_we_have_attempted(
+        self,
+    ):
+        """
+        Test to make sure that insertion events we have attempted to backfill
+        (and within backoff timeout duration) do not show up as an event to
+        backfill again.
+        """
+        setup_info = self._setup_room_for_insertion_backfill_tests()
+        room_id = setup_info.room_id
+
+        # Record some attempts to backfill these events which will make
+        # `get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room` exclude them
+        # because we haven't passed the backoff interval.
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(
+                room_id, "insertion_eventA", "fake cause"
+            )
+        )
+
+        # No time has passed since we attempted to backfill ^
+
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        # Only the backfill points that we didn't record earlier exist here.
+        self.assertListEqual(backfill_event_ids, ["insertion_eventB"])
+
+    def test_get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room_attempted_event_retry_after_backoff_duration(
+        self,
+    ):
+        """
+        Test to make sure after we fake attempt to backfill event
+        "insertion_eventA" many times, we can see retry and see the
+        "insertion_eventA" again after the backoff timeout duration has
+        exceeded.
+        """
+        setup_info = self._setup_room_for_insertion_backfill_tests()
+        room_id = setup_info.room_id
+
+        # Record some attempts to backfill these events which will make
+        # `get_backfill_points_in_room` exclude them because we
+        # haven't passed the backoff interval.
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(
+                room_id, "insertion_eventB", "fake cause"
+            )
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(
+                room_id, "insertion_eventA", "fake cause"
+            )
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(
+                room_id, "insertion_eventA", "fake cause"
+            )
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(
+                room_id, "insertion_eventA", "fake cause"
+            )
+        )
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.record_event_failed_pull_attempt(
+                room_id, "insertion_eventA", "fake cause"
+            )
+        )
+
+        # Now advance time by 2 hours and we should only be able to see
+        # "insertion_eventB" because we have waited long enough for the single
+        # attempt (2^1 hours) but we still shouldn't see "insertion_eventA"
+        # because we haven't waited long enough for this many attempts.
+        self.reactor.advance(datetime.timedelta(hours=2).total_seconds())
+
+        # Make sure that "insertion_eventA" is not in the list because we've
+        # already attempted many times
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        self.assertListEqual(backfill_event_ids, ["insertion_eventB"])
+
+        # Now advance time by 20 hours (above 2^4 because we made 4 attemps) and
+        # see if we can now backfill it
+        self.reactor.advance(datetime.timedelta(hours=20).total_seconds())
+
+        # Try at "insertion_eventA" again after we advanced enough time and we
+        # should see "insertion_eventA" again
+        backfill_points = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_insertion_event_backward_extremities_in_room(room_id)
+        )
+        backfill_event_ids = [backfill_point[0] for backfill_point in backfill_points]
+        self.assertListEqual(
+            backfill_event_ids, ["insertion_eventB", "insertion_eventA"]
+        )
+
 
 @attr.s
 class FakeEvent:
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py b/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
index fc43d7edd1..473c965e19 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+from typing import Tuple
+
 from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactor
 
 from synapse.rest import admin
@@ -22,8 +24,6 @@ from synapse.util import Clock
 
 from tests.unittest import HomeserverTestCase
 
-USER_ID = "@user:example.com"
-
 
 class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
     servlets = [
@@ -38,21 +38,13 @@ class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         assert persist_events_store is not None
         self.persist_events_store = persist_events_store
 
-    def test_get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(self) -> None:
-        self.get_success(
-            self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(
-                USER_ID, 0, 1000, 20
-            )
-        )
+    def _create_users_and_room(self) -> Tuple[str, str, str, str, str]:
+        """
+        Creates two users and a shared room.
 
-    def test_get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(self) -> None:
-        self.get_success(
-            self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(
-                USER_ID, 0, 1000, 20
-            )
-        )
-
-    def test_count_aggregation(self) -> None:
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (user 1 ID, user 1 token, user 2 ID, user 2 token, room ID).
+        """
         # Create a user to receive notifications and send receipts.
         user_id = self.register_user("user1235", "pass")
         token = self.login("user1235", "pass")
@@ -65,6 +57,70 @@ class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         room_id = self.helper.create_room_as(user_id, tok=token)
         self.helper.join(room_id, other_id, tok=other_token)
 
+        return user_id, token, other_id, other_token, room_id
+
+    def test_get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range(self) -> None:
+        """Test getting unread push actions for HTTP and email pushers."""
+        user_id, token, _, other_token, room_id = self._create_users_and_room()
+
+        # Create two events, one of which is a highlight.
+        self.helper.send_event(
+            room_id,
+            type="m.room.message",
+            content={"msgtype": "m.text", "body": "msg"},
+            tok=other_token,
+        )
+        event_id = self.helper.send_event(
+            room_id,
+            type="m.room.message",
+            content={"msgtype": "m.text", "body": user_id},
+            tok=other_token,
+        )["event_id"]
+
+        # Fetch unread actions for HTTP pushers.
+        http_actions = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(
+                user_id, 0, 1000, 20
+            )
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(2, len(http_actions))
+
+        # Fetch unread actions for email pushers.
+        email_actions = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(
+                user_id, 0, 1000, 20
+            )
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(2, len(email_actions))
+
+        # Send a receipt, which should clear any actions.
+        self.get_success(
+            self.store.insert_receipt(
+                room_id,
+                "m.read",
+                user_id=user_id,
+                event_ids=[event_id],
+                thread_id=None,
+                data={},
+            )
+        )
+        http_actions = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_http(
+                user_id, 0, 1000, 20
+            )
+        )
+        self.assertEqual([], http_actions)
+        email_actions = self.get_success(
+            self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(
+                user_id, 0, 1000, 20
+            )
+        )
+        self.assertEqual([], email_actions)
+
+    def test_count_aggregation(self) -> None:
+        # Create a user to receive notifications and send receipts.
+        user_id, token, _, other_token, room_id = self._create_users_and_room()
+
         last_event_id: str
 
         def _assert_counts(noitf_count: int, highlight_count: int) -> None:
@@ -106,6 +162,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
                     "m.read",
                     user_id=user_id,
                     event_ids=[event_id],
+                    thread_id=None,
                     data={},
                 )
             )
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_receipts.py b/tests/storage/test_receipts.py
index c89bfff241..9459ee1705 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_receipts.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_receipts.py
@@ -131,13 +131,18 @@ class ReceiptTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Send public read receipt for the first event
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_1_id], {}
+                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_1_id], None, {}
             )
         )
         # Send private read receipt for the second event
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_2_id], {}
+                self.room_id1,
+                ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE,
+                OUR_USER_ID,
+                [event1_2_id],
+                None,
+                {},
             )
         )
 
@@ -164,7 +169,7 @@ class ReceiptTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Test receipt updating
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_2_id], {}
+                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_2_id], None, {}
             )
         )
         res = self.get_success(
@@ -180,7 +185,12 @@ class ReceiptTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Test new room is reflected in what the method returns
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id2, ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE, OUR_USER_ID, [event2_1_id], {}
+                self.room_id2,
+                ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE,
+                OUR_USER_ID,
+                [event2_1_id],
+                None,
+                {},
             )
         )
         res = self.get_success(
@@ -202,13 +212,18 @@ class ReceiptTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Send public read receipt for the first event
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_1_id], {}
+                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_1_id], None, {}
             )
         )
         # Send private read receipt for the second event
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_2_id], {}
+                self.room_id1,
+                ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE,
+                OUR_USER_ID,
+                [event1_2_id],
+                None,
+                {},
             )
         )
 
@@ -241,7 +256,7 @@ class ReceiptTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Test receipt updating
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_2_id], {}
+                self.room_id1, ReceiptTypes.READ, OUR_USER_ID, [event1_2_id], None, {}
             )
         )
         res = self.get_success(
@@ -259,7 +274,12 @@ class ReceiptTestCase(HomeserverTestCase):
         # Test new room is reflected in what the method returns
         self.get_success(
             self.store.insert_receipt(
-                self.room_id2, ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE, OUR_USER_ID, [event2_1_id], {}
+                self.room_id2,
+                ReceiptTypes.READ_PRIVATE,
+                OUR_USER_ID,
+                [event2_1_id],
+                None,
+                {},
             )
         )
         res = self.get_success(
diff --git a/tests/unittest.py b/tests/unittest.py
index 975b0a23a7..00cb023198 100644
--- a/tests/unittest.py
+++ b/tests/unittest.py
@@ -300,47 +300,31 @@ class HomeserverTestCase(TestCase):
         if hasattr(self, "user_id"):
             if self.hijack_auth:
                 assert self.helper.auth_user_id is not None
+                token = "some_fake_token"
 
                 # We need a valid token ID to satisfy foreign key constraints.
                 token_id = self.get_success(
                     self.hs.get_datastores().main.add_access_token_to_user(
                         self.helper.auth_user_id,
-                        "some_fake_token",
+                        token,
                         None,
                         None,
                     )
                 )
 
-                async def get_user_by_access_token(
-                    token: Optional[str] = None, allow_guest: bool = False
-                ) -> JsonDict:
-                    assert self.helper.auth_user_id is not None
-                    return {
-                        "user": UserID.from_string(self.helper.auth_user_id),
-                        "token_id": token_id,
-                        "is_guest": False,
-                    }
-
-                async def get_user_by_req(
-                    request: SynapseRequest,
-                    allow_guest: bool = False,
-                    allow_expired: bool = False,
-                ) -> Requester:
+                # This has to be a function and not just a Mock, because
+                # `self.helper.auth_user_id` is temporarily reassigned in some tests
+                async def get_requester(*args, **kwargs) -> Requester:
                     assert self.helper.auth_user_id is not None
                     return create_requester(
-                        UserID.from_string(self.helper.auth_user_id),
-                        token_id,
-                        False,
-                        False,
-                        None,
+                        user_id=UserID.from_string(self.helper.auth_user_id),
+                        access_token_id=token_id,
                     )
 
                 # Type ignore: mypy doesn't like us assigning to methods.
-                self.hs.get_auth().get_user_by_req = get_user_by_req  # type: ignore[assignment]
-                self.hs.get_auth().get_user_by_access_token = get_user_by_access_token  # type: ignore[assignment]
-                self.hs.get_auth().get_access_token_from_request = Mock(  # type: ignore[assignment]
-                    return_value="1234"
-                )
+                self.hs.get_auth().get_user_by_req = get_requester  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                self.hs.get_auth().get_user_by_access_token = get_requester  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                self.hs.get_auth().get_access_token_from_request = Mock(return_value=token)  # type: ignore[assignment]
 
         if self.needs_threadpool:
             self.reactor.threadpool = ThreadPool()  # type: ignore[assignment]