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-rw-r--r--CHANGES.rst47
-rw-r--r--README.rst5
-rwxr-xr-xcontrib/cmdclient/console.py2
-rw-r--r--contrib/example_log_config.yaml48
-rw-r--r--contrib/systemd/synapse.service2
-rw-r--r--docs/CAPTCHA_SETUP.rst5
-rwxr-xr-xjenkins-dendron-haproxy-postgres.sh22
-rwxr-xr-xjenkins-dendron-postgres.sh6
-rwxr-xr-xscripts/synapse_port_db1
-rw-r--r--synapse/__init__.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/api/constants.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/app/synchrotron.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/config/tls.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/federation_client.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/federation/transaction_queue.py30
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/admin.py44
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/device.py208
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/federation.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/presence.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/room_member.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/handlers/sync.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/push/emailpusher.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/slave/storage/_base.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py8
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py4
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/transactions.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/admin.py220
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py6
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py5
-rw-r--r--synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py3
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/__init__.py76
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/_base.py178
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py36
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/devices.py139
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/event_federation.py17
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py346
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/events.py15
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/prepare_database.py2
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/presence.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/receipts.py1
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql37
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql39
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql17
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql16
-rw-r--r--synapse/storage/state.py14
-rw-r--r--synapse/util/caches/expiringcache.py7
-rw-r--r--tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py86
50 files changed, 1531 insertions, 238 deletions
diff --git a/CHANGES.rst b/CHANGES.rst
index c8856d9575..2a46af52a8 100644
--- a/CHANGES.rst
+++ b/CHANGES.rst
@@ -1,3 +1,50 @@
+Changes in synapse v0.19.3 (2017-03-20)
+=======================================
+
+No changes since v0.19.3-rc2
+
+
+Changes in synapse v0.19.3-rc2 (2017-03-13)
+===========================================
+
+Bug fixes:
+
+* Fix bug in handling of incoming device list updates over federation.
+
+
+
+Changes in synapse v0.19.3-rc1 (2017-03-08)
+===========================================
+
+Features:
+
+* Add some administration functionalities. Thanks to morteza-araby! (PR #1784)
+
+
+Changes:
+
+* Reduce database table sizes (PR #1873, #1916, #1923, #1963)
+* Update contrib/ to not use syutil. Thanks to andrewshadura! (PR #1907)
+* Don't fetch current state when sending an event in common case (PR #1955)
+
+
+Bug fixes:
+
+* Fix synapse_port_db failure. Thanks to Pneumaticat! (PR #1904)
+* Fix caching to not cache error responses (PR #1913)
+* Fix APIs to make kick & ban reasons work (PR #1917)
+* Fix bugs in the /keys/changes api (PR #1921)
+* Fix bug where users couldn't forget rooms they were banned from (PR #1922)
+* Fix issue with long language values in pushers API (PR #1925)
+* Fix a race in transaction queue (PR #1930)
+* Fix dynamic thumbnailing to preserve aspect ratio. Thanks to jkolo! (PR
+  #1945)
+* Fix device list update to not constantly resync (PR #1964)
+* Fix potential for huge memory usage when getting device that have
+  changed (PR #1969)
+
+
+
 Changes in synapse v0.19.2 (2017-02-20)
 =======================================
 
diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index 25ead6e5f9..56f92a680d 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -332,9 +332,8 @@ https://obs.infoserver.lv/project/monitor/matrix-synapse
 ArchLinux
 ---------
 
-The quickest way to get up and running with ArchLinux is probably with Ivan
-Shapovalov's AUR package from
-https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/matrix-synapse/, which should pull in all
+The quickest way to get up and running with ArchLinux is probably with the community package
+https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/any/matrix-synapse/, which should pull in all
 the necessary dependencies.
 
 Alternatively, to install using pip a few changes may be needed as ArchLinux
diff --git a/contrib/cmdclient/console.py b/contrib/cmdclient/console.py
index 8bb03ce66a..4918fa1a9a 100755
--- a/contrib/cmdclient/console.py
+++ b/contrib/cmdclient/console.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import urlparse
 import nacl.signing
 import nacl.encoding
 
-from syutil.crypto.jsonsign import verify_signed_json, SignatureVerifyException
+from signedjson.sign import verify_signed_json, SignatureVerifyException
 
 CONFIG_JSON = "cmdclient_config.json"
 
diff --git a/contrib/example_log_config.yaml b/contrib/example_log_config.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f7c8ba588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/example_log_config.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Example log_config file for synapse. To enable, point `log_config` to it in 
+# `homeserver.yaml`, and restart synapse.
+#
+# This configuration will produce similar results to the defaults within 
+# synapse, but can be edited to give more flexibility.
+
+version: 1
+
+formatters:
+  fmt:
+    format: '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(lineno)d - %(levelname)s - %(request)s- %(message)s'
+
+filters:
+  context:
+    (): synapse.util.logcontext.LoggingContextFilter
+    request: ""
+
+handlers:
+  # example output to console
+  console:
+    class: logging.StreamHandler
+    filters: [context]
+
+  # example output to file - to enable, edit 'root' config below.
+  file:
+    class: logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler
+    formatter: fmt
+    filename: /var/log/synapse/homeserver.log
+    maxBytes: 100000000
+    backupCount: 3
+    filters: [context]
+
+
+root:
+    level: INFO
+    handlers: [console] # to use file handler instead, switch to [file]
+    
+loggers:
+    synapse:
+        level: INFO
+
+    synapse.storage:
+        level: INFO
+    
+    # example of enabling debugging for a component:
+    #
+    # synapse.federation.transport.server:
+    #    level: DEBUG
diff --git a/contrib/systemd/synapse.service b/contrib/systemd/synapse.service
index 967a4debfd..92d94b9d58 100644
--- a/contrib/systemd/synapse.service
+++ b/contrib/systemd/synapse.service
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # This assumes that Synapse has been installed as a system package
-# (e.g. https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/matrix-synapse/ for ArchLinux)
+# (e.g. https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/any/matrix-synapse/ for ArchLinux)
 # rather than in a user home directory or similar under virtualenv.
 
 [Unit]
diff --git a/docs/CAPTCHA_SETUP.rst b/docs/CAPTCHA_SETUP.rst
index db621aedfc..19a204d9ce 100644
--- a/docs/CAPTCHA_SETUP.rst
+++ b/docs/CAPTCHA_SETUP.rst
@@ -25,6 +25,5 @@ Configuring IP used for auth
 The ReCaptcha API requires that the IP address of the user who solved the
 captcha is sent. If the client is connecting through a proxy or load balancer,
 it may be required to use the X-Forwarded-For (XFF) header instead of the origin
-IP address. This can be configured as an option on the home server like so::
-
-  captcha_ip_origin_is_x_forwarded: true
+IP address. This can be configured using the x_forwarded directive in the
+listeners section of the homeserver.yaml configuration file.
diff --git a/jenkins-dendron-haproxy-postgres.sh b/jenkins-dendron-haproxy-postgres.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d64b2d2c9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jenkins-dendron-haproxy-postgres.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -eux
+
+: ${WORKSPACE:="$(pwd)"}
+
+export WORKSPACE
+export PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=yep
+export SYNAPSE_CACHE_FACTOR=1
+
+export HAPROXY_BIN=/home/haproxy/haproxy-1.6.11/haproxy
+
+./jenkins/prepare_synapse.sh
+./jenkins/clone.sh sytest https://github.com/matrix-org/sytest.git
+./jenkins/clone.sh dendron https://github.com/matrix-org/dendron.git
+./dendron/jenkins/build_dendron.sh
+./sytest/jenkins/prep_sytest_for_postgres.sh
+
+./sytest/jenkins/install_and_run.sh \
+    --synapse-directory $WORKSPACE \
+    --dendron $WORKSPACE/dendron/bin/dendron \
+    --haproxy \
diff --git a/jenkins-dendron-postgres.sh b/jenkins-dendron-postgres.sh
index 55ff31fd18..37ae746f4b 100755
--- a/jenkins-dendron-postgres.sh
+++ b/jenkins-dendron-postgres.sh
@@ -17,9 +17,3 @@ export SYNAPSE_CACHE_FACTOR=1
 ./sytest/jenkins/install_and_run.sh \
     --synapse-directory $WORKSPACE \
     --dendron $WORKSPACE/dendron/bin/dendron \
-    --pusher \
-    --synchrotron \
-    --federation-reader \
-    --client-reader \
-    --appservice \
-    --federation-sender \
diff --git a/scripts/synapse_port_db b/scripts/synapse_port_db
index 2cb2eab68b..ea367a1281 100755
--- a/scripts/synapse_port_db
+++ b/scripts/synapse_port_db
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ BOOLEAN_COLUMNS = {
     "presence_list": ["accepted"],
     "presence_stream": ["currently_active"],
     "public_room_list_stream": ["visibility"],
+    "device_lists_outbound_pokes": ["sent"],
 }
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/__init__.py b/synapse/__init__.py
index ff251ce597..7628e7c505 100644
--- a/synapse/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/__init__.py
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@
 """ This is a reference implementation of a Matrix home server.
 """
 
-__version__ = "0.19.2"
+__version__ = "0.19.3"
diff --git a/synapse/api/constants.py b/synapse/api/constants.py
index a8123cddcb..ca23c9c460 100644
--- a/synapse/api/constants.py
+++ b/synapse/api/constants.py
@@ -43,9 +43,6 @@ class JoinRules(object):
 
 class LoginType(object):
     PASSWORD = u"m.login.password"
-    OAUTH = u"m.login.oauth2"
-    EMAIL_CODE = u"m.login.email.code"
-    EMAIL_URL = u"m.login.email.url"
     EMAIL_IDENTITY = u"m.login.email.identity"
     RECAPTCHA = u"m.login.recaptcha"
     DUMMY = u"m.login.dummy"
diff --git a/synapse/app/synchrotron.py b/synapse/app/synchrotron.py
index b3fb408cfd..3f29595256 100644
--- a/synapse/app/synchrotron.py
+++ b/synapse/app/synchrotron.py
@@ -87,6 +87,10 @@ class SynchrotronSlavedStore(
         RoomMemberStore.__dict__["who_forgot_in_room"]
     )
 
+    did_forget = (
+        RoomMemberStore.__dict__["did_forget"]
+    )
+
     # XXX: This is a bit broken because we don't persist the accepted list in a
     # way that can be replicated. This means that we don't have a way to
     # invalidate the cache correctly.
diff --git a/synapse/config/tls.py b/synapse/config/tls.py
index 3c58d2de17..e081840a83 100644
--- a/synapse/config/tls.py
+++ b/synapse/config/tls.py
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class TlsConfig(Config):
         # make HTTPS requests to this server will check that the TLS
         # certificates returned by this server match one of the fingerprints.
         #
-        # Synapse automatically adds its the fingerprint of its own certificate
+        # Synapse automatically adds the fingerprint of its own certificate
         # to the list. So if federation traffic is handle directly by synapse
         # then no modification to the list is required.
         #
diff --git a/synapse/federation/federation_client.py b/synapse/federation/federation_client.py
index b5bcfd705a..5dcd4eecce 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/federation_client.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/federation_client.py
@@ -206,8 +206,7 @@ class FederationClient(FederationBase):
 
         Args:
             destinations (list): Which home servers to query
-            pdu_origin (str): The home server that originally sent the pdu.
-            event_id (str)
+            event_id (str): event to fetch
             outlier (bool): Indicates whether the PDU is an `outlier`, i.e. if
                 it's from an arbitary point in the context as opposed to part
                 of the current block of PDUs. Defaults to `False`
diff --git a/synapse/federation/transaction_queue.py b/synapse/federation/transaction_queue.py
index bb3d9258a6..90235ff098 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/transaction_queue.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/transaction_queue.py
@@ -303,18 +303,10 @@ class TransactionQueue(object):
         try:
             self.pending_transactions[destination] = 1
 
+            # XXX: what's this for?
             yield run_on_reactor()
 
             while True:
-                pending_pdus = self.pending_pdus_by_dest.pop(destination, [])
-                pending_edus = self.pending_edus_by_dest.pop(destination, [])
-                pending_presence = self.pending_presence_by_dest.pop(destination, {})
-                pending_failures = self.pending_failures_by_dest.pop(destination, [])
-
-                pending_edus.extend(
-                    self.pending_edus_keyed_by_dest.pop(destination, {}).values()
-                )
-
                 limiter = yield get_retry_limiter(
                     destination,
                     self.clock,
@@ -326,6 +318,24 @@ class TransactionQueue(object):
                     yield self._get_new_device_messages(destination)
                 )
 
+                # BEGIN CRITICAL SECTION
+                #
+                # In order to avoid a race condition, we need to make sure that
+                # the following code (from popping the queues up to the point
+                # where we decide if we actually have any pending messages) is
+                # atomic - otherwise new PDUs or EDUs might arrive in the
+                # meantime, but not get sent because we hold the
+                # pending_transactions flag.
+
+                pending_pdus = self.pending_pdus_by_dest.pop(destination, [])
+                pending_edus = self.pending_edus_by_dest.pop(destination, [])
+                pending_presence = self.pending_presence_by_dest.pop(destination, {})
+                pending_failures = self.pending_failures_by_dest.pop(destination, [])
+
+                pending_edus.extend(
+                    self.pending_edus_keyed_by_dest.pop(destination, {}).values()
+                )
+
                 pending_edus.extend(device_message_edus)
                 if pending_presence:
                     pending_edus.append(
@@ -355,6 +365,8 @@ class TransactionQueue(object):
                     )
                     return
 
+                # END CRITICAL SECTION
+
                 success = yield self._send_new_transaction(
                     destination, pending_pdus, pending_edus, pending_failures,
                     limiter=limiter,
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/admin.py b/synapse/handlers/admin.py
index 084e33ca6a..f36b358b45 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/admin.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/admin.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ from ._base import BaseHandler
 
 import logging
 
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
@@ -54,3 +53,46 @@ class AdminHandler(BaseHandler):
         }
 
         defer.returnValue(ret)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_users(self):
+        """Function to reterive a list of users in users table.
+
+        Args:
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        ret = yield self.store.get_users()
+
+        defer.returnValue(ret)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_users_paginate(self, order, start, limit):
+        """Function to reterive a paginated list of users from
+        users list. This will return a json object, which contains
+        list of users and the total number of users in users table.
+
+        Args:
+            order (str): column name to order the select by this column
+            start (int): start number to begin the query from
+            limit (int): number of rows to reterive
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count}
+        """
+        ret = yield self.store.get_users_paginate(order, start, limit)
+
+        defer.returnValue(ret)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def search_users(self, term):
+        """Function to search users list for one or more users with
+        the matched term.
+
+        Args:
+            term (str): search term
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        ret = yield self.store.search_users(term)
+
+        defer.returnValue(ret)
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/device.py b/synapse/handlers/device.py
index 8cb47ac417..e859b3165f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/device.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/device.py
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
-
 from synapse.api import errors
 from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes
 from synapse.util import stringutils
 from synapse.util.async import Linearizer
+from synapse.util.caches.expiringcache import ExpiringCache
 from synapse.util.metrics import measure_func
 from synapse.types import get_domain_from_id, RoomStreamToken
 from twisted.internet import defer
@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@ class DeviceHandler(BaseHandler):
         self.state = hs.get_state_handler()
         self.federation_sender = hs.get_federation_sender()
         self.federation = hs.get_replication_layer()
-        self._remote_edue_linearizer = Linearizer(name="remote_device_list")
+
+        self._edu_updater = DeviceListEduUpdater(hs, self)
 
         self.federation.register_edu_handler(
-            "m.device_list_update", self._incoming_device_list_update,
+            "m.device_list_update", self._edu_updater.incoming_device_list_update,
         )
         self.federation.register_query_handler(
             "user_devices", self.on_federation_query_user_devices,
@@ -246,30 +247,51 @@ class DeviceHandler(BaseHandler):
         # Then work out if any users have since joined
         rooms_changed = self.store.get_rooms_that_changed(room_ids, from_token.room_key)
 
+        stream_ordering = RoomStreamToken.parse_stream_token(
+            from_token.room_key).stream
+
         possibly_changed = set(changed)
         for room_id in rooms_changed:
-            # Fetch  the current state at the time.
-            stream_ordering = RoomStreamToken.parse_stream_token(from_token.room_key)
-
+            # Fetch the current state at the time.
             try:
                 event_ids = yield self.store.get_forward_extremeties_for_room(
                     room_id, stream_ordering=stream_ordering
                 )
-                prev_state_ids = yield self.store.get_state_ids_for_events(event_ids)
-            except:
-                prev_state_ids = {}
+            except errors.StoreError:
+                # we have purged the stream_ordering index since the stream
+                # ordering: treat it the same as a new room
+                event_ids = []
 
             current_state_ids = yield self.state.get_current_state_ids(room_id)
 
+            # special-case for an empty prev state: include all members
+            # in the changed list
+            if not event_ids:
+                for key, event_id in current_state_ids.iteritems():
+                    etype, state_key = key
+                    if etype != EventTypes.Member:
+                        continue
+                    possibly_changed.add(state_key)
+                continue
+
+            # mapping from event_id -> state_dict
+            prev_state_ids = yield self.store.get_state_ids_for_events(event_ids)
+
             # If there has been any change in membership, include them in the
             # possibly changed list. We'll check if they are joined below,
             # and we're not toooo worried about spuriously adding users.
             for key, event_id in current_state_ids.iteritems():
                 etype, state_key = key
-                if etype == EventTypes.Member:
-                    prev_event_id = prev_state_ids.get(key, None)
+                if etype != EventTypes.Member:
+                    continue
+
+                # check if this member has changed since any of the extremities
+                # at the stream_ordering, and add them to the list if so.
+                for state_dict in prev_state_ids.values():
+                    prev_event_id = state_dict.get(key, None)
                     if not prev_event_id or prev_event_id != event_id:
                         possibly_changed.add(state_key)
+                        break
 
         users_who_share_room = yield self.store.get_users_who_share_room_with_user(
             user_id
@@ -279,13 +301,69 @@ class DeviceHandler(BaseHandler):
         # and those that actually still share a room with the user
         defer.returnValue(users_who_share_room & possibly_changed)
 
-    @measure_func("_incoming_device_list_update")
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _incoming_device_list_update(self, origin, edu_content):
-        user_id = edu_content["user_id"]
-        device_id = edu_content["device_id"]
-        stream_id = edu_content["stream_id"]
-        prev_ids = edu_content.get("prev_id", [])
+    def on_federation_query_user_devices(self, user_id):
+        stream_id, devices = yield self.store.get_devices_with_keys_by_user(user_id)
+        defer.returnValue({
+            "user_id": user_id,
+            "stream_id": stream_id,
+            "devices": devices,
+        })
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def user_left_room(self, user, room_id):
+        user_id = user.to_string()
+        rooms = yield self.store.get_rooms_for_user(user_id)
+        if not rooms:
+            # We no longer share rooms with this user, so we'll no longer
+            # receive device updates. Mark this in DB.
+            yield self.store.mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed(user_id)
+
+
+def _update_device_from_client_ips(device, client_ips):
+    ip = client_ips.get((device["user_id"], device["device_id"]), {})
+    device.update({
+        "last_seen_ts": ip.get("last_seen"),
+        "last_seen_ip": ip.get("ip"),
+    })
+
+
+class DeviceListEduUpdater(object):
+    "Handles incoming device list updates from federation and updates the DB"
+
+    def __init__(self, hs, device_handler):
+        self.store = hs.get_datastore()
+        self.federation = hs.get_replication_layer()
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self.device_handler = device_handler
+
+        self._remote_edu_linearizer = Linearizer(name="remote_device_list")
+
+        # user_id -> list of updates waiting to be handled.
+        self._pending_updates = {}
+
+        # Recently seen stream ids. We don't bother keeping these in the DB,
+        # but they're useful to have them about to reduce the number of spurious
+        # resyncs.
+        self._seen_updates = ExpiringCache(
+            cache_name="device_update_edu",
+            clock=self.clock,
+            max_len=10000,
+            expiry_ms=30 * 60 * 1000,
+            iterable=True,
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def incoming_device_list_update(self, origin, edu_content):
+        """Called on incoming device list update from federation. Responsible
+        for parsing the EDU and adding to pending updates list.
+        """
+
+        user_id = edu_content.pop("user_id")
+        device_id = edu_content.pop("device_id")
+        stream_id = str(edu_content.pop("stream_id"))  # They may come as ints
+        prev_ids = edu_content.pop("prev_id", [])
+        prev_ids = [str(p) for p in prev_ids]   # They may come as ints
 
         if get_domain_from_id(user_id) != origin:
             # TODO: Raise?
@@ -298,20 +376,28 @@ class DeviceHandler(BaseHandler):
             # probably won't get any further updates.
             return
 
-        with (yield self._remote_edue_linearizer.queue(user_id)):
-            # If the prev id matches whats in our cache table, then we don't need
-            # to resync the users device list, otherwise we do.
-            resync = True
-            if len(prev_ids) == 1:
-                extremity = yield self.store.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote(
-                    user_id
-                )
-                logger.info("Extrem: %r, prev_ids: %r", extremity, prev_ids)
-                if str(extremity) == str(prev_ids[0]):
-                    resync = False
+        self._pending_updates.setdefault(user_id, []).append(
+            (device_id, stream_id, prev_ids, edu_content)
+        )
+
+        yield self._handle_device_updates(user_id)
+
+    @measure_func("_incoming_device_list_update")
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _handle_device_updates(self, user_id):
+        "Actually handle pending updates."
+
+        with (yield self._remote_edu_linearizer.queue(user_id)):
+            pending_updates = self._pending_updates.pop(user_id, [])
+            if not pending_updates:
+                # This can happen since we batch updates
+                return
+
+            resync = yield self._need_to_do_resync(user_id, pending_updates)
 
             if resync:
                 # Fetch all devices for the user.
+                origin = get_domain_from_id(user_id)
                 result = yield self.federation.query_user_devices(origin, user_id)
                 stream_id = result["stream_id"]
                 devices = result["devices"]
@@ -319,40 +405,50 @@ class DeviceHandler(BaseHandler):
                     user_id, devices, stream_id,
                 )
                 device_ids = [device["device_id"] for device in devices]
-                yield self.notify_device_update(user_id, device_ids)
+                yield self.device_handler.notify_device_update(user_id, device_ids)
             else:
                 # Simply update the single device, since we know that is the only
                 # change (becuase of the single prev_id matching the current cache)
-                content = dict(edu_content)
-                for key in ("user_id", "device_id", "stream_id", "prev_ids"):
-                    content.pop(key, None)
-                yield self.store.update_remote_device_list_cache_entry(
-                    user_id, device_id, content, stream_id,
+                for device_id, stream_id, prev_ids, content in pending_updates:
+                    yield self.store.update_remote_device_list_cache_entry(
+                        user_id, device_id, content, stream_id,
+                    )
+
+                yield self.device_handler.notify_device_update(
+                    user_id, [device_id for device_id, _, _, _ in pending_updates]
                 )
-                yield self.notify_device_update(user_id, [device_id])
 
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def on_federation_query_user_devices(self, user_id):
-        stream_id, devices = yield self.store.get_devices_with_keys_by_user(user_id)
-        defer.returnValue({
-            "user_id": user_id,
-            "stream_id": stream_id,
-            "devices": devices,
-        })
+            self._seen_updates.setdefault(user_id, set()).update(
+                stream_id for _, stream_id, _, _ in pending_updates
+            )
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def user_left_room(self, user, room_id):
-        user_id = user.to_string()
-        rooms = yield self.store.get_rooms_for_user(user_id)
-        if not rooms:
-            # We no longer share rooms with this user, so we'll no longer
-            # receive device updates. Mark this in DB.
-            yield self.store.mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed(user_id)
+    def _need_to_do_resync(self, user_id, updates):
+        """Given a list of updates for a user figure out if we need to do a full
+        resync, or whether we have enough data that we can just apply the delta.
+        """
+        seen_updates = self._seen_updates.get(user_id, set())
 
+        extremity = yield self.store.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote(
+            user_id
+        )
 
-def _update_device_from_client_ips(device, client_ips):
-    ip = client_ips.get((device["user_id"], device["device_id"]), {})
-    device.update({
-        "last_seen_ts": ip.get("last_seen"),
-        "last_seen_ip": ip.get("ip"),
-    })
+        stream_id_in_updates = set()  # stream_ids in updates list
+        for _, stream_id, prev_ids, _ in updates:
+            if not prev_ids:
+                # We always do a resync if there are no previous IDs
+                defer.returnValue(True)
+
+            for prev_id in prev_ids:
+                if prev_id == extremity:
+                    continue
+                elif prev_id in seen_updates:
+                    continue
+                elif prev_id in stream_id_in_updates:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    defer.returnValue(True)
+
+            stream_id_in_updates.add(stream_id)
+
+        defer.returnValue(False)
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/federation.py b/synapse/handlers/federation.py
index 996bfd0e23..ed0fa51e7f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/federation.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/federation.py
@@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ class FederationHandler(BaseHandler):
                     if prev_id != event.event_id:
                         results[(event.type, event.state_key)] = prev_id
                 else:
-                    del results[(event.type, event.state_key)]
+                    results.pop((event.type, event.state_key), None)
 
             defer.returnValue(results.values())
         else:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/presence.py b/synapse/handlers/presence.py
index fdfce2a88c..da610e430f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/presence.py
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(object):
             # There are things not in our in memory cache. Lets pull them out of
             # the database.
             res = yield self.store.get_presence_for_users(missing)
-            states.update({state.user_id: state for state in res})
+            states.update(res)
 
             missing = [user_id for user_id, state in states.items() if not state]
             if missing:
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/room_member.py b/synapse/handlers/room_member.py
index b2806555cf..2052d6d05f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/room_member.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/room_member.py
@@ -719,7 +719,9 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(BaseHandler):
         )
         membership = member.membership if member else None
 
-        if membership is not None and membership != Membership.LEAVE:
+        if membership is not None and membership not in [
+            Membership.LEAVE, Membership.BAN
+        ]:
             raise SynapseError(400, "User %s in room %s" % (
                 user_id, room_id
             ))
diff --git a/synapse/handlers/sync.py b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
index d7dcd1ce5b..5572cb883f 100644
--- a/synapse/handlers/sync.py
+++ b/synapse/handlers/sync.py
@@ -609,14 +609,14 @@ class SyncHandler(object):
             deleted = yield self.store.delete_messages_for_device(
                 user_id, device_id, since_stream_id
             )
-            logger.info("Deleted %d to-device messages up to %d",
-                        deleted, since_stream_id)
+            logger.debug("Deleted %d to-device messages up to %d",
+                         deleted, since_stream_id)
 
             messages, stream_id = yield self.store.get_new_messages_for_device(
                 user_id, device_id, since_stream_id, now_token.to_device_key
             )
 
-            logger.info(
+            logger.debug(
                 "Returning %d to-device messages between %d and %d (current token: %d)",
                 len(messages), since_stream_id, stream_id, now_token.to_device_key
             )
diff --git a/synapse/push/emailpusher.py b/synapse/push/emailpusher.py
index 2eb325c7c7..c7afd11111 100644
--- a/synapse/push/emailpusher.py
+++ b/synapse/push/emailpusher.py
@@ -218,7 +218,8 @@ class EmailPusher(object):
         )
 
     def seconds_until(self, ts_msec):
-        return (ts_msec - self.clock.time_msec()) / 1000
+        secs = (ts_msec - self.clock.time_msec()) / 1000
+        return max(secs, 0)
 
     def get_room_throttle_ms(self, room_id):
         if room_id in self.throttle_params:
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/_base.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/_base.py
index 18076e0f3b..ab133db872 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/_base.py
@@ -54,7 +54,9 @@ class BaseSlavedStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 try:
                     getattr(self, cache_func).invalidate(tuple(keys))
                 except AttributeError:
-                    logger.info("Got unexpected cache_func: %r", cache_func)
+                    # We probably haven't pulled in the cache in this worker,
+                    # which is fine.
+                    pass
             self._cache_id_gen.advance(int(stream["position"]))
         return defer.succeed(None)
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py
index 735c03c7eb..77c64722c7 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py
@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ class SlavedAccountDataStore(BaseSlavedStore):
     )
 
     get_tags_for_user = TagsStore.__dict__["get_tags_for_user"]
+    get_tags_for_room = (
+        DataStore.get_tags_for_room.__func__
+    )
+    get_account_data_for_room = (
+        DataStore.get_account_data_for_room.__func__
+    )
 
     get_updated_tags = DataStore.get_updated_tags.__func__
     get_updated_account_data_for_user = (
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py
index cc860f9f9b..f9102e0d89 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
 from synapse.storage import DataStore
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
+from synapse.util.caches.expiringcache import ExpiringCache
 
 
 class SlavedDeviceInboxStore(BaseSlavedStore):
@@ -34,6 +35,13 @@ class SlavedDeviceInboxStore(BaseSlavedStore):
             self._device_inbox_id_gen.get_current_token()
         )
 
+        self._last_device_delete_cache = ExpiringCache(
+            cache_name="last_device_delete_cache",
+            clock=self._clock,
+            max_len=10000,
+            expiry_ms=30 * 60 * 1000,
+        )
+
     get_to_device_stream_token = DataStore.get_to_device_stream_token.__func__
     get_new_messages_for_device = DataStore.get_new_messages_for_device.__func__
     get_new_device_msgs_for_remote = DataStore.get_new_device_msgs_for_remote.__func__
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py
index d72ff6055c..622b2d8540 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ class SlavedEventStore(BaseSlavedStore):
     get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user = (
         EventPushActionsStore.__dict__["get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user"]
     )
+    _get_unread_counts_by_receipt_txn = (
+        DataStore._get_unread_counts_by_receipt_txn.__func__
+    )
+    _get_unread_counts_by_pos_txn = (
+        DataStore._get_unread_counts_by_pos_txn.__func__
+    )
     _get_state_group_for_events = (
         StateStore.__dict__["_get_state_group_for_events"]
     )
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py
index 703f4a49bf..40f6c9a386 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
 
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
 from synapse.storage import DataStore
+from synapse.storage.presence import PresenceStore
 
 
 class SlavedPresenceStore(BaseSlavedStore):
@@ -35,7 +36,8 @@ class SlavedPresenceStore(BaseSlavedStore):
 
     _get_active_presence = DataStore._get_active_presence.__func__
     take_presence_startup_info = DataStore.take_presence_startup_info.__func__
-    get_presence_for_users = DataStore.get_presence_for_users.__func__
+    _get_presence_for_user = PresenceStore.__dict__["_get_presence_for_user"]
+    get_presence_for_users = PresenceStore.__dict__["get_presence_for_users"]
 
     def get_current_presence_token(self):
         return self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token()
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/transactions.py b/synapse/rest/client/transactions.py
index efa77b8c51..fceca2edeb 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/transactions.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/transactions.py
@@ -87,9 +87,17 @@ class HttpTransactionCache(object):
 
         deferred = fn(*args, **kwargs)
 
-        # We don't add an errback to the raw deferred, so we ask ObservableDeferred
-        # to swallow the error. This is fine as the error will still be reported
-        # to the observers.
+        # if the request fails with a Twisted failure, remove it
+        # from the transaction map. This is done to ensure that we don't
+        # cache transient errors like rate-limiting errors, etc.
+        def remove_from_map(err):
+            self.transactions.pop(txn_key, None)
+            return err
+        deferred.addErrback(remove_from_map)
+
+        # We don't add any other errbacks to the raw deferred, so we ask
+        # ObservableDeferred to swallow the error. This is fine as the error will
+        # still be reported to the observers.
         observable = ObservableDeferred(deferred, consumeErrors=True)
         self.transactions[txn_key] = (observable, self.clock.time_msec())
         return observable.observe()
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/admin.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/admin.py
index af21661d7c..29fcd72375 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/admin.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/admin.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import AuthError, SynapseError
 from synapse.types import UserID
+from synapse.http.servlet import parse_json_object_from_request
 
 from .base import ClientV1RestServlet, client_path_patterns
 
@@ -25,6 +26,34 @@ import logging
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+class UsersRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
+    PATTERNS = client_path_patterns("/admin/users/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)")
+
+    def __init__(self, hs):
+        super(UsersRestServlet, self).__init__(hs)
+        self.handlers = hs.get_handlers()
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_GET(self, request, user_id):
+        target_user = UserID.from_string(user_id)
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
+
+        if not is_admin:
+            raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        # To allow all users to get the users list
+        # if not is_admin and target_user != auth_user:
+        #     raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        if not self.hs.is_mine(target_user):
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Can only users a local user")
+
+        ret = yield self.handlers.admin_handler.get_users()
+
+        defer.returnValue((200, ret))
+
+
 class WhoisRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
     PATTERNS = client_path_patterns("/admin/whois/(?P<user_id>[^/]*)")
 
@@ -128,8 +157,199 @@ class DeactivateAccountRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
         defer.returnValue((200, {}))
 
 
+class ResetPasswordRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
+    """Post request to allow an administrator reset password for a user.
+    This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        Example:
+            http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/admin/reset_password/
+            @user:to_reset_password?access_token=admin_access_token
+        JsonBodyToSend:
+            {
+                "new_password": "secret"
+            }
+        Returns:
+            200 OK with empty object if success otherwise an error.
+        """
+    PATTERNS = client_path_patterns("/admin/reset_password/(?P<target_user_id>[^/]*)")
+
+    def __init__(self, hs):
+        self.store = hs.get_datastore()
+        super(ResetPasswordRestServlet, self).__init__(hs)
+        self.hs = hs
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.auth_handler = hs.get_auth_handler()
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_POST(self, request, target_user_id):
+        """Post request to allow an administrator reset password for a user.
+        This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        """
+        UserID.from_string(target_user_id)
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
+
+        if not is_admin:
+            raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        params = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
+        new_password = params['new_password']
+        if not new_password:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Missing 'new_password' arg")
+
+        logger.info("new_password: %r", new_password)
+
+        yield self.auth_handler.set_password(
+            target_user_id, new_password, requester
+        )
+        defer.returnValue((200, {}))
+
+
+class GetUsersPaginatedRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
+    """Get request to get specific number of users from Synapse.
+    This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        Example:
+            http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/admin/users_paginate/
+            @admin:user?access_token=admin_access_token&start=0&limit=10
+        Returns:
+            200 OK with json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count} or empty object.
+        """
+    PATTERNS = client_path_patterns("/admin/users_paginate/(?P<target_user_id>[^/]*)")
+
+    def __init__(self, hs):
+        self.store = hs.get_datastore()
+        super(GetUsersPaginatedRestServlet, self).__init__(hs)
+        self.hs = hs
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.handlers = hs.get_handlers()
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_GET(self, request, target_user_id):
+        """Get request to get specific number of users from Synapse.
+        This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        """
+        target_user = UserID.from_string(target_user_id)
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
+
+        if not is_admin:
+            raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        # To allow all users to get the users list
+        # if not is_admin and target_user != auth_user:
+        #     raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        if not self.hs.is_mine(target_user):
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Can only users a local user")
+
+        order = "name"  # order by name in user table
+        start = request.args.get("start")[0]
+        limit = request.args.get("limit")[0]
+        if not limit:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Missing 'limit' arg")
+        if not start:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Missing 'start' arg")
+        logger.info("limit: %s, start: %s", limit, start)
+
+        ret = yield self.handlers.admin_handler.get_users_paginate(
+            order, start, limit
+        )
+        defer.returnValue((200, ret))
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_POST(self, request, target_user_id):
+        """Post request to get specific number of users from Synapse..
+        This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        Example:
+            http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/admin/users_paginate/
+            @admin:user?access_token=admin_access_token
+        JsonBodyToSend:
+            {
+                "start": "0",
+                "limit": "10
+            }
+        Returns:
+            200 OK with json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count} or empty object.
+        """
+        UserID.from_string(target_user_id)
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
+
+        if not is_admin:
+            raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        order = "name"  # order by name in user table
+        params = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
+        limit = params['limit']
+        start = params['start']
+        if not limit:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Missing 'limit' arg")
+        if not start:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Missing 'start' arg")
+        logger.info("limit: %s, start: %s", limit, start)
+
+        ret = yield self.handlers.admin_handler.get_users_paginate(
+            order, start, limit
+        )
+        defer.returnValue((200, ret))
+
+
+class SearchUsersRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
+    """Get request to search user table for specific users according to
+    search term.
+    This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        Example:
+            http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/admin/search_users/
+            @admin:user?access_token=admin_access_token&term=alice
+        Returns:
+            200 OK with json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count} or empty object.
+    """
+    PATTERNS = client_path_patterns("/admin/search_users/(?P<target_user_id>[^/]*)")
+
+    def __init__(self, hs):
+        self.store = hs.get_datastore()
+        super(SearchUsersRestServlet, self).__init__(hs)
+        self.hs = hs
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.handlers = hs.get_handlers()
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def on_GET(self, request, target_user_id):
+        """Get request to search user table for specific users according to
+        search term.
+        This need a user have a administrator access in Synapse.
+        """
+        target_user = UserID.from_string(target_user_id)
+        requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
+
+        if not is_admin:
+            raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        # To allow all users to get the users list
+        # if not is_admin and target_user != auth_user:
+        #     raise AuthError(403, "You are not a server admin")
+
+        if not self.hs.is_mine(target_user):
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Can only users a local user")
+
+        term = request.args.get("term")[0]
+        if not term:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Missing 'term' arg")
+
+        logger.info("term: %s ", term)
+
+        ret = yield self.handlers.admin_handler.search_users(
+            term
+        )
+        defer.returnValue((200, ret))
+
+
 def register_servlets(hs, http_server):
     WhoisRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
     PurgeMediaCacheRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
     DeactivateAccountRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
     PurgeHistoryRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
+    UsersRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
+    ResetPasswordRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
+    GetUsersPaginatedRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
+    SearchUsersRestServlet(hs).register(http_server)
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py
index 355e82474b..1a5045c9ec 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/profile.py
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ class ProfileDisplaynameRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
     def on_PUT(self, request, user_id):
         requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request, allow_guest=True)
         user = UserID.from_string(user_id)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
 
         content = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
 
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class ProfileDisplaynameRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
             defer.returnValue((400, "Unable to parse name"))
 
         yield self.handlers.profile_handler.set_displayname(
-            user, requester, new_name)
+            user, requester, new_name, is_admin)
 
         defer.returnValue((200, {}))
 
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ class ProfileAvatarURLRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
     def on_PUT(self, request, user_id):
         requester = yield self.auth.get_user_by_req(request)
         user = UserID.from_string(user_id)
+        is_admin = yield self.auth.is_server_admin(requester.user)
 
         content = parse_json_object_from_request(request)
         try:
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ class ProfileAvatarURLRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
             defer.returnValue((400, "Unable to parse name"))
 
         yield self.handlers.profile_handler.set_avatar_url(
-            user, requester, new_name)
+            user, requester, new_name, is_admin)
 
         defer.returnValue((200, {}))
 
diff --git a/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py b/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
index 6554f57df1..90242a6bac 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/client/v1/room.py
@@ -608,6 +608,10 @@ class RoomMembershipRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
                 raise SynapseError(400, "Missing user_id key.")
             target = UserID.from_string(content["user_id"])
 
+        event_content = None
+        if 'reason' in content and membership_action in ['kick', 'ban']:
+            event_content = {'reason': content['reason']}
+
         yield self.handlers.room_member_handler.update_membership(
             requester=requester,
             target=target,
@@ -615,6 +619,7 @@ class RoomMembershipRestServlet(ClientV1RestServlet):
             action=membership_action,
             txn_id=txn_id,
             third_party_signed=content.get("third_party_signed", None),
+            content=event_content,
         )
 
         defer.returnValue((200, {}))
diff --git a/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py b/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py
index 3cbeca503c..481ffee200 100644
--- a/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py
+++ b/synapse/rest/media/v1/media_repository.py
@@ -240,6 +240,9 @@ class MediaRepository(object):
         if t_method == "crop":
             t_len = thumbnailer.crop(t_path, t_width, t_height, t_type)
         elif t_method == "scale":
+            t_width, t_height = thumbnailer.aspect(t_width, t_height)
+            t_width = min(m_width, t_width)
+            t_height = min(m_height, t_height)
             t_len = thumbnailer.scale(t_path, t_width, t_height, t_type)
         else:
             t_len = None
diff --git a/synapse/storage/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
index b9968debe5..d604e7668f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
@@ -297,6 +297,82 @@ class DataStore(RoomMemberStore, RoomStore,
             desc="get_user_ip_and_agents",
         )
 
+    def get_users(self):
+        """Function to reterive a list of users in users table.
+
+        Args:
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        return self._simple_select_list(
+            table="users",
+            keyvalues={},
+            retcols=[
+                "name",
+                "password_hash",
+                "is_guest",
+                "admin"
+            ],
+            desc="get_users",
+        )
+
+    def get_users_paginate(self, order, start, limit):
+        """Function to reterive a paginated list of users from
+        users list. This will return a json object, which contains
+        list of users and the total number of users in users table.
+
+        Args:
+            order (str): column name to order the select by this column
+            start (int): start number to begin the query from
+            limit (int): number of rows to reterive
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count}
+        """
+        is_guest = 0
+        i_start = (int)(start)
+        i_limit = (int)(limit)
+        return self.get_user_list_paginate(
+            table="users",
+            keyvalues={
+                "is_guest": is_guest
+            },
+            pagevalues=[
+                order,
+                i_limit,
+                i_start
+            ],
+            retcols=[
+                "name",
+                "password_hash",
+                "is_guest",
+                "admin"
+            ],
+            desc="get_users_paginate",
+        )
+
+    def search_users(self, term):
+        """Function to search users list for one or more users with
+        the matched term.
+
+        Args:
+            term (str): search term
+            col (str): column to query term should be matched to
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        return self._simple_search_list(
+            table="users",
+            term=term,
+            col="name",
+            retcols=[
+                "name",
+                "password_hash",
+                "is_guest",
+                "admin"
+            ],
+            desc="search_users",
+        )
+
 
 def are_all_users_on_domain(txn, database_engine, domain):
     sql = database_engine.convert_param_style(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/_base.py b/synapse/storage/_base.py
index 05374682fd..a7a8ec9b7b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/_base.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/_base.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
 from synapse.util.logcontext import LoggingContext, PreserveLoggingContext
 from synapse.util.caches.dictionary_cache import DictionaryCache
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import Cache
-from synapse.util.caches import intern_dict
 from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
 import synapse.metrics
 
@@ -80,7 +79,13 @@ class LoggingTransaction(object):
     def executemany(self, sql, *args):
         self._do_execute(self.txn.executemany, sql, *args)
 
+    def _make_sql_one_line(self, sql):
+        "Strip newlines out of SQL so that the loggers in the DB are on one line"
+        return " ".join(l.strip() for l in sql.splitlines() if l.strip())
+
     def _do_execute(self, func, sql, *args):
+        sql = self._make_sql_one_line(sql)
+
         # TODO(paul): Maybe use 'info' and 'debug' for values?
         sql_logger.debug("[SQL] {%s} %s", self.name, sql)
 
@@ -350,9 +355,9 @@ class SQLBaseStore(object):
         Returns:
             A list of dicts where the key is the column header.
         """
-        col_headers = list(column[0] for column in cursor.description)
+        col_headers = list(intern(column[0]) for column in cursor.description)
         results = list(
-            intern_dict(dict(zip(col_headers, row))) for row in cursor.fetchall()
+            dict(zip(col_headers, row)) for row in cursor.fetchall()
         )
         return results
 
@@ -483,10 +488,6 @@ class SQLBaseStore(object):
             " AND ".join("%s = ?" % (k,) for k in keyvalues)
         )
         sqlargs = values.values() + keyvalues.values()
-        logger.debug(
-            "[SQL] %s Args=%s",
-            sql, sqlargs,
-        )
 
         txn.execute(sql, sqlargs)
         if txn.rowcount == 0:
@@ -501,10 +502,6 @@ class SQLBaseStore(object):
                 ", ".join(k for k in allvalues),
                 ", ".join("?" for _ in allvalues)
             )
-            logger.debug(
-                "[SQL] %s Args=%s",
-                sql, keyvalues.values(),
-            )
             txn.execute(sql, allvalues.values())
 
             return True
@@ -934,6 +931,165 @@ class SQLBaseStore(object):
         else:
             return 0
 
+    def _simple_select_list_paginate(self, table, keyvalues, pagevalues, retcols,
+                                     desc="_simple_select_list_paginate"):
+        """Executes a SELECT query on the named table with start and limit,
+        of row numbers, which may return zero or number of rows from start to limit,
+        returning the result as a list of dicts.
+
+        Args:
+            table (str): the table name
+            keyvalues (dict[str, Any] | None):
+                column names and values to select the rows with, or None to not
+                apply a WHERE clause.
+            retcols (iterable[str]): the names of the columns to return
+            order (str): order the select by this column
+            start (int): start number to begin the query from
+            limit (int): number of rows to reterive
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            desc,
+            self._simple_select_list_paginate_txn,
+            table, keyvalues, pagevalues, retcols
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _simple_select_list_paginate_txn(cls, txn, table, keyvalues, pagevalues, retcols):
+        """Executes a SELECT query on the named table with start and limit,
+        of row numbers, which may return zero or number of rows from start to limit,
+        returning the result as a list of dicts.
+
+        Args:
+            txn : Transaction object
+            table (str): the table name
+            keyvalues (dict[str, T] | None):
+                column names and values to select the rows with, or None to not
+                apply a WHERE clause.
+            pagevalues ([]):
+                order (str): order the select by this column
+                start (int): start number to begin the query from
+                limit (int): number of rows to reterive
+            retcols (iterable[str]): the names of the columns to return
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+
+        """
+        if keyvalues:
+            sql = "SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s ORDER BY %s" % (
+                ", ".join(retcols),
+                table,
+                " AND ".join("%s = ?" % (k,) for k in keyvalues),
+                " ? ASC LIMIT ? OFFSET ?"
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, keyvalues.values() + pagevalues)
+        else:
+            sql = "SELECT %s FROM %s ORDER BY %s" % (
+                ", ".join(retcols),
+                table,
+                " ? ASC LIMIT ? OFFSET ?"
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, pagevalues)
+
+        return cls.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_user_list_paginate(self, table, keyvalues, pagevalues, retcols,
+                               desc="get_user_list_paginate"):
+        """Get a list of users from start row to a limit number of rows. This will
+        return a json object with users and total number of users in users list.
+
+        Args:
+            table (str): the table name
+            keyvalues (dict[str, Any] | None):
+                column names and values to select the rows with, or None to not
+                apply a WHERE clause.
+            pagevalues ([]):
+                order (str): order the select by this column
+                start (int): start number to begin the query from
+                limit (int): number of rows to reterive
+            retcols (iterable[str]): the names of the columns to return
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count}
+        """
+        users = yield self.runInteraction(
+            desc,
+            self._simple_select_list_paginate_txn,
+            table, keyvalues, pagevalues, retcols
+        )
+        count = yield self.runInteraction(
+            desc,
+            self.get_user_count_txn
+        )
+        retval = {
+            "users": users,
+            "total": count
+        }
+        defer.returnValue(retval)
+
+    def get_user_count_txn(self, txn):
+        """Get a total number of registerd users in the users list.
+
+        Args:
+            txn : Transaction object
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to int
+        """
+        sql_count = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE is_guest = 0;"
+        txn.execute(sql_count)
+        count = txn.fetchone()[0]
+        defer.returnValue(count)
+
+    def _simple_search_list(self, table, term, col, retcols,
+                            desc="_simple_search_list"):
+        """Executes a SELECT query on the named table, which may return zero or
+        more rows, returning the result as a list of dicts.
+
+        Args:
+            table (str): the table name
+            term (str | None):
+                term for searching the table matched to a column.
+            col (str): column to query term should be matched to
+            retcols (iterable[str]): the names of the columns to return
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]] or None
+        """
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            desc,
+            self._simple_search_list_txn,
+            table, term, col, retcols
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _simple_search_list_txn(cls, txn, table, term, col, retcols):
+        """Executes a SELECT query on the named table, which may return zero or
+        more rows, returning the result as a list of dicts.
+
+        Args:
+            txn : Transaction object
+            table (str): the table name
+            term (str | None):
+                term for searching the table matched to a column.
+            col (str): column to query term should be matched to
+            retcols (iterable[str]): the names of the columns to return
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]] or None
+        """
+        if term:
+            sql = "SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s LIKE ?" % (
+                ", ".join(retcols),
+                table,
+                col
+            )
+            termvalues = ["%%" + term + "%%"]
+            txn.execute(sql, termvalues)
+        else:
+            return 0
+
+        return cls.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+
 
 class _RollbackButIsFineException(Exception):
     """ This exception is used to rollback a transaction without implying
diff --git a/synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py b/synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py
index bde3b5cbbc..5c7db5e5f6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from .background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
 
+from synapse.util.caches.expiringcache import ExpiringCache
+
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -42,6 +44,15 @@ class DeviceInboxStore(BackgroundUpdateStore):
             self._background_drop_index_device_inbox,
         )
 
+        # Map of (user_id, device_id) to the last stream_id that has been
+        # deleted up to. This is so that we can no op deletions.
+        self._last_device_delete_cache = ExpiringCache(
+            cache_name="last_device_delete_cache",
+            clock=self._clock,
+            max_len=10000,
+            expiry_ms=30 * 60 * 1000,
+        )
+
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def add_messages_to_device_inbox(self, local_messages_by_user_then_device,
                                      remote_messages_by_destination):
@@ -251,6 +262,7 @@ class DeviceInboxStore(BackgroundUpdateStore):
             "get_new_messages_for_device", get_new_messages_for_device_txn,
         )
 
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def delete_messages_for_device(self, user_id, device_id, up_to_stream_id):
         """
         Args:
@@ -260,6 +272,18 @@ class DeviceInboxStore(BackgroundUpdateStore):
         Returns:
             A deferred that resolves to the number of messages deleted.
         """
+        # If we have cached the last stream id we've deleted up to, we can
+        # check if there is likely to be anything that needs deleting
+        last_deleted_stream_id = self._last_device_delete_cache.get(
+            (user_id, device_id), None
+        )
+        if last_deleted_stream_id:
+            has_changed = self._device_inbox_stream_cache.has_entity_changed(
+                user_id, last_deleted_stream_id
+            )
+            if not has_changed:
+                defer.returnValue(0)
+
         def delete_messages_for_device_txn(txn):
             sql = (
                 "DELETE FROM device_inbox"
@@ -269,10 +293,20 @@ class DeviceInboxStore(BackgroundUpdateStore):
             txn.execute(sql, (user_id, device_id, up_to_stream_id))
             return txn.rowcount
 
-        return self.runInteraction(
+        count = yield self.runInteraction(
             "delete_messages_for_device", delete_messages_for_device_txn
         )
 
+        # Update the cache, ensuring that we only ever increase the value
+        last_deleted_stream_id = self._last_device_delete_cache.get(
+            (user_id, device_id), 0
+        )
+        self._last_device_delete_cache[(user_id, device_id)] = max(
+            last_deleted_stream_id, up_to_stream_id
+        )
+
+        defer.returnValue(count)
+
     def get_all_new_device_messages(self, last_pos, current_pos, limit):
         """
         Args:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/devices.py b/synapse/storage/devices.py
index 8e17800364..bd56ba2515 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/devices.py
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
 from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList, cachedInlineCallbacks
+
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -31,6 +33,13 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             self._prune_old_outbound_device_pokes, 60 * 60 * 1000
         )
 
+        self.register_background_index_update(
+            "device_lists_stream_idx",
+            index_name="device_lists_stream_user_id",
+            table="device_lists_stream",
+            columns=["user_id", "device_id"],
+        )
+
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def store_device(self, user_id, device_id,
                      initial_device_display_name):
@@ -144,6 +153,7 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         defer.returnValue({d["device_id"]: d for d in devices})
 
+    @cached(max_entries=10000)
     def get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote(self, user_id):
         """Get the last stream_id we got for a user. May be None if we haven't
         got any information for them.
@@ -156,16 +166,36 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             allow_none=True,
         )
 
+    @cachedList(cached_method_name="get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote",
+                list_name="user_ids", inlineCallbacks=True)
+    def get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remotes(self, user_ids):
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
+            table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
+            column="user_id",
+            iterable=user_ids,
+            retcols=("user_id", "stream_id",),
+            desc="get_user_devices_from_cache",
+        )
+
+        results = {user_id: None for user_id in user_ids}
+        results.update({
+            row["user_id"]: row["stream_id"] for row in rows
+        })
+
+        defer.returnValue(results)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed(self, user_id):
         """Mark that we no longer track device lists for remote user.
         """
-        return self._simple_delete(
+        yield self._simple_delete(
             table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
             keyvalues={
                 "user_id": user_id,
             },
             desc="mark_remote_user_device_list_as_unsubscribed",
         )
+        self.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote.invalidate((user_id,))
 
     def update_remote_device_list_cache_entry(self, user_id, device_id, content,
                                               stream_id):
@@ -191,6 +221,12 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             }
         )
 
+        txn.call_after(self._get_cached_user_device.invalidate, (user_id, device_id,))
+        txn.call_after(self._get_cached_devices_for_user.invalidate, (user_id,))
+        txn.call_after(
+            self.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote.invalidate, (user_id,)
+        )
+
         self._simple_upsert_txn(
             txn,
             table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
@@ -234,6 +270,12 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             ]
         )
 
+        txn.call_after(self._get_cached_devices_for_user.invalidate, (user_id,))
+        txn.call_after(self._get_cached_user_device.invalidate_many, (user_id,))
+        txn.call_after(
+            self.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remote.invalidate, (user_id,)
+        )
+
         self._simple_upsert_txn(
             txn,
             table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
@@ -320,6 +362,7 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         return (now_stream_id, results)
 
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def get_user_devices_from_cache(self, query_list):
         """Get the devices (and keys if any) for remote users from the cache.
 
@@ -332,27 +375,11 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             a set of user_ids and results_map is a mapping of
             user_id -> device_id -> device_info
         """
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_user_devices_from_cache", self._get_user_devices_from_cache_txn,
-            query_list,
+        user_ids = set(user_id for user_id, _ in query_list)
+        user_map = yield self.get_device_list_last_stream_id_for_remotes(list(user_ids))
+        user_ids_in_cache = set(
+            user_id for user_id, stream_id in user_map.items() if stream_id
         )
-
-    def _get_user_devices_from_cache_txn(self, txn, query_list):
-        user_ids = {user_id for user_id, _ in query_list}
-
-        user_ids_in_cache = set()
-        for user_id in user_ids:
-            stream_ids = self._simple_select_onecol_txn(
-                txn,
-                table="device_lists_remote_extremeties",
-                keyvalues={
-                    "user_id": user_id,
-                },
-                retcol="stream_id",
-            )
-            if stream_ids:
-                user_ids_in_cache.add(user_id)
-
         user_ids_not_in_cache = user_ids - user_ids_in_cache
 
         results = {}
@@ -361,32 +388,40 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 continue
 
             if device_id:
-                content = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="device_lists_remote_cache",
-                    keyvalues={
-                        "user_id": user_id,
-                        "device_id": device_id,
-                    },
-                    retcol="content",
-                )
-                results.setdefault(user_id, {})[device_id] = json.loads(content)
+                device = yield self._get_cached_user_device(user_id, device_id)
+                results.setdefault(user_id, {})[device_id] = device
             else:
-                devices = self._simple_select_list_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="device_lists_remote_cache",
-                    keyvalues={
-                        "user_id": user_id,
-                    },
-                    retcols=("device_id", "content"),
-                )
-                results[user_id] = {
-                    device["device_id"]: json.loads(device["content"])
-                    for device in devices
-                }
-                user_ids_in_cache.discard(user_id)
+                results[user_id] = yield self._get_cached_devices_for_user(user_id)
+
+        defer.returnValue((user_ids_not_in_cache, results))
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2, tree=True)
+    def _get_cached_user_device(self, user_id, device_id):
+        content = yield self._simple_select_one_onecol(
+            table="device_lists_remote_cache",
+            keyvalues={
+                "user_id": user_id,
+                "device_id": device_id,
+            },
+            retcol="content",
+            desc="_get_cached_user_device",
+        )
+        defer.returnValue(json.loads(content))
 
-        return user_ids_not_in_cache, results
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks()
+    def _get_cached_devices_for_user(self, user_id):
+        devices = yield self._simple_select_list(
+            table="device_lists_remote_cache",
+            keyvalues={
+                "user_id": user_id,
+            },
+            retcols=("device_id", "content"),
+            desc="_get_cached_devices_for_user",
+        )
+        defer.returnValue({
+            device["device_id"]: json.loads(device["content"])
+            for device in devices
+        })
 
     def get_devices_with_keys_by_user(self, user_id):
         """Get all devices (with any device keys) for a user
@@ -473,7 +508,7 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             defer.returnValue(set(changed))
 
         sql = """
-            SELECT user_id FROM device_lists_stream WHERE stream_id > ?
+            SELECT DISTINCT user_id FROM device_lists_stream WHERE stream_id > ?
         """
         rows = yield self._execute("get_user_whose_devices_changed", None, sql, from_key)
         defer.returnValue(set(row[0] for row in rows))
@@ -489,7 +524,7 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             WHERE stream_id > ?
         """
         return self._execute(
-            "get_users_and_hosts_device_list", None,
+            "get_all_device_list_changes_for_remotes", None,
             sql, from_key,
         )
 
@@ -518,6 +553,16 @@ class DeviceStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 host, stream_id,
             )
 
+        # Delete older entries in the table, as we really only care about
+        # when the latest change happened.
+        txn.executemany(
+            """
+            DELETE FROM device_lists_stream
+            WHERE user_id = ? AND device_id = ? AND stream_id < ?
+            """,
+            [(user_id, device_id, stream_id) for device_id in device_ids]
+        )
+
         self._simple_insert_many_txn(
             txn,
             table="device_lists_stream",
diff --git a/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py b/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
index 2040e022fa..b9f1365f92 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class EndToEndKeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
             query_clause = "user_id = ?"
             query_params.append(user_id)
 
-            if device_id:
+            if device_id is not None:
                 query_clause += " AND device_id = ?"
                 query_params.append(device_id)
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/event_federation.py b/synapse/storage/event_federation.py
index ee88c61954..256e50dc20 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/event_federation.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/event_federation.py
@@ -281,15 +281,30 @@ class EventFederationStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     def get_forward_extremeties_for_room(self, room_id, stream_ordering):
+        """For a given room_id and stream_ordering, return the forward
+        extremeties of the room at that point in "time".
+
+        Throws a StoreError if we have since purged the index for
+        stream_orderings from that point.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str):
+            stream_ordering (int):
+
+        Returns:
+            deferred, which resolves to a list of event_ids
+        """
         # We want to make the cache more effective, so we clamp to the last
         # change before the given ordering.
         last_change = self._events_stream_cache.get_max_pos_of_last_change(room_id)
 
         # We don't always have a full stream_to_exterm_id table, e.g. after
         # the upgrade that introduced it, so we make sure we never ask for a
-        # try and pin to a stream_ordering from before a restart
+        # stream_ordering from before a restart
         last_change = max(self._stream_order_on_start, last_change)
 
+        # provided the last_change is recent enough, we now clamp the requested
+        # stream_ordering to it.
         if last_change > self.stream_ordering_month_ago:
             stream_ordering = min(last_change, stream_ordering)
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py b/synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py
index 7de3e8c58c..14543b4269 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 from ._base import SQLBaseStore
 from twisted.internet import defer
+from synapse.util.async import sleep
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cachedInlineCallbacks
 from synapse.types import RoomStreamToken
 from .stream import lower_bound
@@ -25,11 +26,46 @@ import ujson as json
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+DEFAULT_NOTIF_ACTION = ["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False}]
+DEFAULT_HIGHLIGHT_ACTION = [
+    "notify", {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"}, {"set_tweak": "highlight"}
+]
+
+
+def _serialize_action(actions, is_highlight):
+    """Custom serializer for actions. This allows us to "compress" common actions.
+
+    We use the fact that most users have the same actions for notifs (and for
+    highlights).
+    We store these default actions as the empty string rather than the full JSON.
+    Since the empty string isn't valid JSON there is no risk of this clashing with
+    any real JSON actions
+    """
+    if is_highlight:
+        if actions == DEFAULT_HIGHLIGHT_ACTION:
+            return ""  # We use empty string as the column is non-NULL
+    else:
+        if actions == DEFAULT_NOTIF_ACTION:
+            return ""
+    return json.dumps(actions)
+
+
+def _deserialize_action(actions, is_highlight):
+    """Custom deserializer for actions. This allows us to "compress" common actions
+    """
+    if actions:
+        return json.loads(actions)
+
+    if is_highlight:
+        return DEFAULT_HIGHLIGHT_ACTION
+    else:
+        return DEFAULT_NOTIF_ACTION
+
+
 class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
     EPA_HIGHLIGHT_INDEX = "epa_highlight_index"
 
     def __init__(self, hs):
-        self.stream_ordering_month_ago = None
         super(EventPushActionsStore, self).__init__(hs)
 
         self.register_background_index_update(
@@ -47,6 +83,11 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
             where_clause="highlight=1"
         )
 
+        self._doing_notif_rotation = False
+        self._rotate_notif_loop = self._clock.looping_call(
+            self._rotate_notifs, 30 * 60 * 1000
+        )
+
     def _set_push_actions_for_event_and_users_txn(self, txn, event, tuples):
         """
         Args:
@@ -55,15 +96,17 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
         """
         values = []
         for uid, actions in tuples:
+            is_highlight = 1 if _action_has_highlight(actions) else 0
+
             values.append({
                 'room_id': event.room_id,
                 'event_id': event.event_id,
                 'user_id': uid,
-                'actions': json.dumps(actions),
+                'actions': _serialize_action(actions, is_highlight),
                 'stream_ordering': event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
                 'topological_ordering': event.depth,
                 'notif': 1,
-                'highlight': 1 if _action_has_highlight(actions) else 0,
+                'highlight': is_highlight,
             })
 
         for uid, __ in tuples:
@@ -77,66 +120,83 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
     def get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user(
             self, room_id, user_id, last_read_event_id
     ):
-        def _get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room(txn):
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT stream_ordering, topological_ordering"
-                " FROM events"
-                " WHERE room_id = ? AND event_id = ?"
-            )
-            txn.execute(
-                sql, (room_id, last_read_event_id)
-            )
-            results = txn.fetchall()
-            if len(results) == 0:
-                return {"notify_count": 0, "highlight_count": 0}
-
-            stream_ordering = results[0][0]
-            topological_ordering = results[0][1]
-            token = RoomStreamToken(
-                topological_ordering, stream_ordering
-            )
-
-            # First get number of notifications.
-            # We don't need to put a notif=1 clause as all rows always have
-            # notif=1
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT count(*)"
-                " FROM event_push_actions ea"
-                " WHERE"
-                " user_id = ?"
-                " AND room_id = ?"
-                " AND %s"
-            ) % (lower_bound(token, self.database_engine, inclusive=False),)
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
-            row = txn.fetchone()
-            notify_count = row[0] if row else 0
+        ret = yield self.runInteraction(
+            "get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room",
+            self._get_unread_counts_by_receipt_txn,
+            room_id, user_id, last_read_event_id
+        )
+        defer.returnValue(ret)
 
-            # Now get the number of highlights
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT count(*)"
-                " FROM event_push_actions ea"
-                " WHERE"
-                " highlight = 1"
-                " AND user_id = ?"
-                " AND room_id = ?"
-                " AND %s"
-            ) % (lower_bound(token, self.database_engine, inclusive=False),)
+    def _get_unread_counts_by_receipt_txn(self, txn, room_id, user_id,
+                                          last_read_event_id):
+        sql = (
+            "SELECT stream_ordering, topological_ordering"
+            " FROM events"
+            " WHERE room_id = ? AND event_id = ?"
+        )
+        txn.execute(
+            sql, (room_id, last_read_event_id)
+        )
+        results = txn.fetchall()
+        if len(results) == 0:
+            return {"notify_count": 0, "highlight_count": 0}
 
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
-            row = txn.fetchone()
-            highlight_count = row[0] if row else 0
+        stream_ordering = results[0][0]
+        topological_ordering = results[0][1]
 
-            return {
-                "notify_count": notify_count,
-                "highlight_count": highlight_count,
-            }
+        return self._get_unread_counts_by_pos_txn(
+            txn, room_id, user_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering
+        )
 
-        ret = yield self.runInteraction(
-            "get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room",
-            _get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room
+    def _get_unread_counts_by_pos_txn(self, txn, room_id, user_id, topological_ordering,
+                                      stream_ordering):
+        token = RoomStreamToken(
+            topological_ordering, stream_ordering
         )
-        defer.returnValue(ret)
+
+        # First get number of notifications.
+        # We don't need to put a notif=1 clause as all rows always have
+        # notif=1
+        sql = (
+            "SELECT count(*)"
+            " FROM event_push_actions ea"
+            " WHERE"
+            " user_id = ?"
+            " AND room_id = ?"
+            " AND %s"
+        ) % (lower_bound(token, self.database_engine, inclusive=False),)
+
+        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
+        row = txn.fetchone()
+        notify_count = row[0] if row else 0
+
+        txn.execute("""
+            SELECT notif_count FROM event_push_summary
+            WHERE room_id = ? AND user_id = ? AND stream_ordering > ?
+        """, (room_id, user_id, stream_ordering,))
+        rows = txn.fetchall()
+        if rows:
+            notify_count += rows[0][0]
+
+        # Now get the number of highlights
+        sql = (
+            "SELECT count(*)"
+            " FROM event_push_actions ea"
+            " WHERE"
+            " highlight = 1"
+            " AND user_id = ?"
+            " AND room_id = ?"
+            " AND %s"
+        ) % (lower_bound(token, self.database_engine, inclusive=False),)
+
+        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
+        row = txn.fetchone()
+        highlight_count = row[0] if row else 0
+
+        return {
+            "notify_count": notify_count,
+            "highlight_count": highlight_count,
+        }
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def get_push_action_users_in_range(self, min_stream_ordering, max_stream_ordering):
@@ -176,7 +236,8 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
             # find rooms that have a read receipt in them and return the next
             # push actions
             sql = (
-                "SELECT ep.event_id, ep.room_id, ep.stream_ordering, ep.actions"
+                "SELECT ep.event_id, ep.room_id, ep.stream_ordering, ep.actions,"
+                "   ep.highlight "
                 " FROM ("
                 "   SELECT room_id,"
                 "       MAX(topological_ordering) as topological_ordering,"
@@ -217,7 +278,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
         def get_no_receipt(txn):
             sql = (
                 "SELECT ep.event_id, ep.room_id, ep.stream_ordering, ep.actions,"
-                " e.received_ts"
+                "   ep.highlight "
                 " FROM event_push_actions AS ep"
                 " INNER JOIN events AS e USING (room_id, event_id)"
                 " WHERE"
@@ -246,7 +307,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 "event_id": row[0],
                 "room_id": row[1],
                 "stream_ordering": row[2],
-                "actions": json.loads(row[3]),
+                "actions": _deserialize_action(row[3], row[4]),
             } for row in after_read_receipt + no_read_receipt
         ]
 
@@ -285,7 +346,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
         def get_after_receipt(txn):
             sql = (
                 "SELECT ep.event_id, ep.room_id, ep.stream_ordering, ep.actions,"
-                "  e.received_ts"
+                "  ep.highlight, e.received_ts"
                 " FROM ("
                 "   SELECT room_id,"
                 "       MAX(topological_ordering) as topological_ordering,"
@@ -327,7 +388,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
         def get_no_receipt(txn):
             sql = (
                 "SELECT ep.event_id, ep.room_id, ep.stream_ordering, ep.actions,"
-                " e.received_ts"
+                "   ep.highlight, e.received_ts"
                 " FROM event_push_actions AS ep"
                 " INNER JOIN events AS e USING (room_id, event_id)"
                 " WHERE"
@@ -357,8 +418,8 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 "event_id": row[0],
                 "room_id": row[1],
                 "stream_ordering": row[2],
-                "actions": json.loads(row[3]),
-                "received_ts": row[4],
+                "actions": _deserialize_action(row[3], row[4]),
+                "received_ts": row[5],
             } for row in after_read_receipt + no_read_receipt
         ]
 
@@ -392,7 +453,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
             sql = (
                 "SELECT epa.event_id, epa.room_id,"
                 " epa.stream_ordering, epa.topological_ordering,"
-                " epa.actions, epa.profile_tag, e.received_ts"
+                " epa.actions, epa.highlight, epa.profile_tag, e.received_ts"
                 " FROM event_push_actions epa, events e"
                 " WHERE epa.event_id = e.event_id"
                 " AND epa.user_id = ? %s"
@@ -407,7 +468,7 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
             "get_push_actions_for_user", f
         )
         for pa in push_actions:
-            pa["actions"] = json.loads(pa["actions"])
+            pa["actions"] = _deserialize_action(pa["actions"], pa["highlight"])
         defer.returnValue(push_actions)
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
@@ -448,10 +509,14 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
         )
 
     def _remove_old_push_actions_before_txn(self, txn, room_id, user_id,
-                                            topological_ordering):
+                                            topological_ordering, stream_ordering):
         """
-        Purges old, stale push actions for a user and room before a given
-        topological_ordering
+        Purges old push actions for a user and room before a given
+        topological_ordering.
+
+        We however keep a months worth of highlighted notifications, so that
+        users can still get a list of recent highlights.
+
         Args:
             txn: The transcation
             room_id: Room ID to delete from
@@ -475,10 +540,16 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
         txn.execute(
             "DELETE FROM event_push_actions "
             " WHERE user_id = ? AND room_id = ? AND "
-            " topological_ordering < ? AND stream_ordering < ?",
+            " topological_ordering <= ?"
+            " AND ((stream_ordering < ? AND highlight = 1) or highlight = 0)",
             (user_id, room_id, topological_ordering, self.stream_ordering_month_ago)
         )
 
+        txn.execute("""
+            DELETE FROM event_push_summary
+            WHERE room_id = ? AND user_id = ? AND stream_ordering <= ?
+        """, (room_id, user_id, stream_ordering))
+
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
     def _find_stream_orderings_for_times(self):
         yield self.runInteraction(
@@ -495,6 +566,14 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
             "Found stream ordering 1 month ago: it's %d",
             self.stream_ordering_month_ago
         )
+        logger.info("Searching for stream ordering 1 day ago")
+        self.stream_ordering_day_ago = self._find_first_stream_ordering_after_ts_txn(
+            txn, self._clock.time_msec() - 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
+        )
+        logger.info(
+            "Found stream ordering 1 day ago: it's %d",
+            self.stream_ordering_day_ago
+        )
 
     def _find_first_stream_ordering_after_ts_txn(self, txn, ts):
         """
@@ -534,6 +613,131 @@ class EventPushActionsStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
         return range_end
 
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _rotate_notifs(self):
+        if self._doing_notif_rotation or self.stream_ordering_day_ago is None:
+            return
+        self._doing_notif_rotation = True
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                logger.info("Rotating notifications")
+
+                caught_up = yield self.runInteraction(
+                    "_rotate_notifs",
+                    self._rotate_notifs_txn
+                )
+                if caught_up:
+                    break
+                yield sleep(5)
+        finally:
+            self._doing_notif_rotation = False
+
+    def _rotate_notifs_txn(self, txn):
+        """Archives older notifications into event_push_summary. Returns whether
+        the archiving process has caught up or not.
+        """
+
+        old_rotate_stream_ordering = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="event_push_summary_stream_ordering",
+            keyvalues={},
+            retcol="stream_ordering",
+        )
+
+        # We don't to try and rotate millions of rows at once, so we cap the
+        # maximum stream ordering we'll rotate before.
+        txn.execute("""
+            SELECT stream_ordering FROM event_push_actions
+            WHERE stream_ordering > ?
+            ORDER BY stream_ordering ASC LIMIT 1 OFFSET 50000
+        """, (old_rotate_stream_ordering,))
+        stream_row = txn.fetchone()
+        if stream_row:
+            offset_stream_ordering, = stream_row
+            rotate_to_stream_ordering = min(
+                self.stream_ordering_day_ago, offset_stream_ordering
+            )
+            caught_up = offset_stream_ordering >= self.stream_ordering_day_ago
+        else:
+            rotate_to_stream_ordering = self.stream_ordering_day_ago
+            caught_up = True
+
+        logger.info("Rotating notifications up to: %s", rotate_to_stream_ordering)
+
+        self._rotate_notifs_before_txn(txn, rotate_to_stream_ordering)
+
+        # We have caught up iff we were limited by `stream_ordering_day_ago`
+        return caught_up
+
+    def _rotate_notifs_before_txn(self, txn, rotate_to_stream_ordering):
+        old_rotate_stream_ordering = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="event_push_summary_stream_ordering",
+            keyvalues={},
+            retcol="stream_ordering",
+        )
+
+        # Calculate the new counts that should be upserted into event_push_summary
+        sql = """
+            SELECT user_id, room_id,
+                coalesce(old.notif_count, 0) + upd.notif_count,
+                upd.stream_ordering,
+                old.user_id
+            FROM (
+                SELECT user_id, room_id, count(*) as notif_count,
+                    max(stream_ordering) as stream_ordering
+                FROM event_push_actions
+                WHERE ? <= stream_ordering AND stream_ordering < ?
+                    AND highlight = 0
+                GROUP BY user_id, room_id
+            ) AS upd
+            LEFT JOIN event_push_summary AS old USING (user_id, room_id)
+        """
+
+        txn.execute(sql, (old_rotate_stream_ordering, rotate_to_stream_ordering,))
+        rows = txn.fetchall()
+
+        logger.info("Rotating notifications, handling %d rows", len(rows))
+
+        # If the `old.user_id` above is NULL then we know there isn't already an
+        # entry in the table, so we simply insert it. Otherwise we update the
+        # existing table.
+        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="event_push_summary",
+            values=[
+                {
+                    "user_id": row[0],
+                    "room_id": row[1],
+                    "notif_count": row[2],
+                    "stream_ordering": row[3],
+                }
+                for row in rows if row[4] is None
+            ]
+        )
+
+        txn.executemany(
+            """
+                UPDATE event_push_summary SET notif_count = ?, stream_ordering = ?
+                WHERE user_id = ? AND room_id = ?
+            """,
+            ((row[2], row[3], row[0], row[1],) for row in rows if row[4] is not None)
+        )
+
+        txn.execute(
+            "DELETE FROM event_push_actions"
+            " WHERE ? <= stream_ordering AND stream_ordering < ? AND highlight = 0",
+            (old_rotate_stream_ordering, rotate_to_stream_ordering,)
+        )
+
+        logger.info("Rotating notifications, deleted %s push actions", txn.rowcount)
+
+        txn.execute(
+            "UPDATE event_push_summary_stream_ordering SET stream_ordering = ?",
+            (rotate_to_stream_ordering,)
+        )
+
 
 def _action_has_highlight(actions):
     for action in actions:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/events.py b/synapse/storage/events.py
index c88f689d3a..db01eb6d14 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/events.py
@@ -311,6 +311,21 @@ class EventsStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
                             new_forward_extremeties[room_id] = new_latest_event_ids
 
+                            len_1 = (
+                                len(latest_event_ids) == 1
+                                and len(new_latest_event_ids) == 1
+                            )
+                            if len_1:
+                                all_single_prev_not_state = all(
+                                    len(event.prev_events) == 1
+                                    and not event.is_state()
+                                    for event, ctx in ev_ctx_rm
+                                )
+                                # Don't bother calculating state if they're just
+                                # a long chain of single ancestor non-state events.
+                                if all_single_prev_not_state:
+                                    continue
+
                             state = yield self._calculate_state_delta(
                                 room_id, ev_ctx_rm, new_latest_event_ids
                             )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py b/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
index b357f22be7..ed84db6b4b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/prepare_database.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Remember to update this number every time a change is made to database
 # schema files, so the users will be informed on server restarts.
-SCHEMA_VERSION = 40
+SCHEMA_VERSION = 41
 
 dir_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/presence.py b/synapse/storage/presence.py
index 7460f98a1f..4d1590d2b4 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/presence.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 from ._base import SQLBaseStore
 from synapse.api.constants import PresenceState
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks, cachedList
 
 from collections import namedtuple
 from twisted.internet import defer
@@ -85,6 +85,9 @@ class PresenceStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 self.presence_stream_cache.entity_has_changed,
                 state.user_id, stream_id,
             )
+            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
+                txn, self._get_presence_for_user, (state.user_id,)
+            )
 
         # Actually insert new rows
         self._simple_insert_many_txn(
@@ -143,7 +146,12 @@ class PresenceStore(SQLBaseStore):
             "get_all_presence_updates", get_all_presence_updates_txn
         )
 
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    @cached()
+    def _get_presence_for_user(self, user_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @cachedList(cached_method_name="_get_presence_for_user", list_name="user_ids",
+                num_args=1, inlineCallbacks=True)
     def get_presence_for_users(self, user_ids):
         rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
             table="presence_stream",
@@ -165,7 +173,7 @@ class PresenceStore(SQLBaseStore):
         for row in rows:
             row["currently_active"] = bool(row["currently_active"])
 
-        defer.returnValue([UserPresenceState(**row) for row in rows])
+        defer.returnValue({row["user_id"]: UserPresenceState(**row) for row in rows})
 
     def get_current_presence_token(self):
         return self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token()
diff --git a/synapse/storage/receipts.py b/synapse/storage/receipts.py
index f72d15f5ed..5cf41501ea 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/receipts.py
@@ -351,6 +351,7 @@ class ReceiptsStore(SQLBaseStore):
                 room_id=room_id,
                 user_id=user_id,
                 topological_ordering=topological_ordering,
+                stream_ordering=stream_ordering,
             )
 
         return True
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3918f0b794
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/* Copyright 2017 OpenMarket Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+-- Aggregate of old notification counts that have been deleted out of the
+-- main event_push_actions table. This count does not include those that were
+-- highlights, as they remain in the event_push_actions table.
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary (
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    room_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    notif_count BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX event_push_summary_user_rm ON event_push_summary(user_id, room_id);
+
+
+-- The stream ordering up to which we have aggregated the event_push_actions
+-- table into event_push_summary
+CREATE TABLE event_push_summary_stream_ordering (
+    Lock CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'X' UNIQUE,  -- Makes sure this table only has one row.
+    stream_ordering BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    CHECK (Lock='X')
+);
+
+INSERT INTO event_push_summary_stream_ordering (stream_ordering) VALUES (0);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..054a223f14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/* Copyright 2017 Vector Creations Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS pushers2 (
+    id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
+    user_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    access_token BIGINT DEFAULT NULL,
+    profile_tag TEXT NOT NULL,
+    kind TEXT NOT NULL,
+    app_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    app_display_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    device_display_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    pushkey TEXT NOT NULL,
+    ts BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    lang TEXT,
+    data TEXT,
+    last_stream_ordering INTEGER,
+    last_success BIGINT,
+    failing_since BIGINT,
+    UNIQUE (app_id, pushkey, user_name)
+);
+
+INSERT INTO pushers2 SELECT * FROM PUSHERS;
+
+DROP TABLE PUSHERS;
+
+ALTER TABLE pushers2 RENAME TO pushers;
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b7bee8b692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* Copyright 2017 Vector Creations Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+INSERT into background_updates (update_name, progress_json)
+    VALUES ('device_lists_stream_idx', '{}');
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..62f0b9892b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/* Copyright 2017 Vector Creations Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+CREATE INDEX device_lists_outbound_pokes_stream ON device_lists_outbound_pokes(stream_id);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/state.py b/synapse/storage/state.py
index 1b3800eb6a..84482d8285 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/state.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/state.py
@@ -413,7 +413,19 @@ class StateStore(SQLBaseStore):
         defer.returnValue({event: event_to_state[event] for event in event_ids})
 
     @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_ids_for_events(self, event_ids, types):
+    def get_state_ids_for_events(self, event_ids, types=None):
+        """
+        Get the state dicts corresponding to a list of events
+
+        Args:
+            event_ids(list(str)): events whose state should be returned
+            types(list[(str, str)]|None): List of (type, state_key) tuples
+                which are used to filter the state fetched. May be None, which
+                matches any key
+
+        Returns:
+            A deferred dict from event_id -> (type, state_key) -> state_event
+        """
         event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(
             event_ids,
         )
diff --git a/synapse/util/caches/expiringcache.py b/synapse/util/caches/expiringcache.py
index 2987c38a2d..cbdde34a57 100644
--- a/synapse/util/caches/expiringcache.py
+++ b/synapse/util/caches/expiringcache.py
@@ -100,6 +100,13 @@ class ExpiringCache(object):
         except KeyError:
             return default
 
+    def setdefault(self, key, value):
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            self[key] = value
+            return value
+
     def _prune_cache(self):
         if not self._expiry_ms:
             # zero expiry time means don't expire. This should never get called
diff --git a/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py b/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
index e9044afa2e..3135488353 100644
--- a/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
+++ b/tests/storage/test_event_push_actions.py
@@ -17,9 +17,15 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 import tests.unittest
 import tests.utils
+from mock import Mock
 
 USER_ID = "@user:example.com"
 
+PlAIN_NOTIF = ["notify", {"set_tweak": "highlight", "value": False}]
+HIGHLIGHT = [
+    "notify", {"set_tweak": "sound", "value": "default"}, {"set_tweak": "highlight"}
+]
+
 
 class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
 
@@ -39,3 +45,83 @@ class EventPushActionsStoreTestCase(tests.unittest.TestCase):
         yield self.store.get_unread_push_actions_for_user_in_range_for_email(
             USER_ID, 0, 1000, 20
         )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def test_count_aggregation(self):
+        room_id = "!foo:example.com"
+        user_id = "@user1235:example.com"
+
+        @defer.inlineCallbacks
+        def _assert_counts(noitf_count, highlight_count):
+            counts = yield self.store.runInteraction(
+                "", self.store._get_unread_counts_by_pos_txn,
+                room_id, user_id, 0, 0
+            )
+            self.assertEquals(
+                counts,
+                {"notify_count": noitf_count, "highlight_count": highlight_count}
+            )
+
+        def _inject_actions(stream, action):
+            event = Mock()
+            event.room_id = room_id
+            event.event_id = "$test:example.com"
+            event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering = stream
+            event.depth = stream
+
+            tuples = [(user_id, action)]
+
+            return self.store.runInteraction(
+                "", self.store._set_push_actions_for_event_and_users_txn,
+                event, tuples
+            )
+
+        def _rotate(stream):
+            return self.store.runInteraction(
+                "", self.store._rotate_notifs_before_txn, stream
+            )
+
+        def _mark_read(stream, depth):
+            return self.store.runInteraction(
+                "", self.store._remove_old_push_actions_before_txn,
+                room_id, user_id, depth, stream
+            )
+
+        yield _assert_counts(0, 0)
+        yield _inject_actions(1, PlAIN_NOTIF)
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 0)
+        yield _rotate(2)
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 0)
+
+        yield _inject_actions(3, PlAIN_NOTIF)
+        yield _assert_counts(2, 0)
+        yield _rotate(4)
+        yield _assert_counts(2, 0)
+
+        yield _inject_actions(5, PlAIN_NOTIF)
+        yield _mark_read(3, 3)
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 0)
+
+        yield _mark_read(5, 5)
+        yield _assert_counts(0, 0)
+
+        yield _inject_actions(6, PlAIN_NOTIF)
+        yield _rotate(7)
+
+        yield self.store._simple_delete(
+            table="event_push_actions",
+            keyvalues={"1": 1},
+            desc="",
+        )
+
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 0)
+
+        yield _mark_read(7, 7)
+        yield _assert_counts(0, 0)
+
+        yield _inject_actions(8, HIGHLIGHT)
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 1)
+        yield _rotate(9)
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 1)
+        yield _rotate(10)
+        yield _assert_counts(1, 1)