diff --git a/tests/logging/test_opentracing.py b/tests/logging/test_opentracing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e430941d27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/logging/test_opentracing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+# Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+from twisted.test.proto_helpers import MemoryReactorClock
+
+from synapse.logging.context import (
+ LoggingContext,
+ make_deferred_yieldable,
+ run_in_background,
+)
+from synapse.logging.opentracing import (
+ start_active_span,
+ start_active_span_follows_from,
+)
+from synapse.util import Clock
+
+try:
+ from synapse.logging.scopecontextmanager import LogContextScopeManager
+except ImportError:
+ LogContextScopeManager = None # type: ignore
+
+try:
+ import jaeger_client
+except ImportError:
+ jaeger_client = None # type: ignore
+
+from tests.unittest import TestCase
+
+
+class LogContextScopeManagerTestCase(TestCase):
+ if LogContextScopeManager is None:
+ skip = "Requires opentracing" # type: ignore[unreachable]
+ if jaeger_client is None:
+ skip = "Requires jaeger_client" # type: ignore[unreachable]
+
+ def setUp(self) -> None:
+ # since this is a unit test, we don't really want to mess around with the
+ # global variables that power opentracing. We create our own tracer instance
+ # and test with it.
+
+ scope_manager = LogContextScopeManager({})
+ config = jaeger_client.config.Config(
+ config={}, service_name="test", scope_manager=scope_manager
+ )
+
+ self._reporter = jaeger_client.reporter.InMemoryReporter()
+
+ self._tracer = config.create_tracer(
+ sampler=jaeger_client.ConstSampler(True),
+ reporter=self._reporter,
+ )
+
+ def test_start_active_span(self) -> None:
+ # the scope manager assumes a logging context of some sort.
+ with LoggingContext("root context"):
+ self.assertIsNone(self._tracer.active_span)
+
+ # start_active_span should start and activate a span.
+ scope = start_active_span("span", tracer=self._tracer)
+ span = scope.span
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, span)
+ self.assertIsNotNone(span.start_time)
+
+ # entering the context doesn't actually do a whole lot.
+ with scope as ctx:
+ self.assertIs(ctx, scope)
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, span)
+
+ # ... but leaving it unsets the active span, and finishes the span.
+ self.assertIsNone(self._tracer.active_span)
+ self.assertIsNotNone(span.end_time)
+
+ # the span should have been reported
+ self.assertEqual(self._reporter.get_spans(), [span])
+
+ def test_nested_spans(self) -> None:
+ """Starting two spans off inside each other should work"""
+
+ with LoggingContext("root context"):
+ with start_active_span("root span", tracer=self._tracer) as root_scope:
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, root_scope.span)
+
+ scope1 = start_active_span(
+ "child1",
+ tracer=self._tracer,
+ )
+ self.assertEqual(
+ self._tracer.active_span, scope1.span, "child1 was not activated"
+ )
+ self.assertEqual(
+ scope1.span.context.parent_id, root_scope.span.context.span_id
+ )
+
+ scope2 = start_active_span_follows_from(
+ "child2",
+ contexts=(scope1,),
+ tracer=self._tracer,
+ )
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, scope2.span)
+ self.assertEqual(
+ scope2.span.context.parent_id, scope1.span.context.span_id
+ )
+
+ with scope1, scope2:
+ pass
+
+ # the root scope should be restored
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, root_scope.span)
+ self.assertIsNotNone(scope2.span.end_time)
+ self.assertIsNotNone(scope1.span.end_time)
+
+ self.assertIsNone(self._tracer.active_span)
+
+ # the spans should be reported in order of their finishing.
+ self.assertEqual(
+ self._reporter.get_spans(), [scope2.span, scope1.span, root_scope.span]
+ )
+
+ def test_overlapping_spans(self) -> None:
+ """Overlapping spans which are not neatly nested should work"""
+ reactor = MemoryReactorClock()
+ clock = Clock(reactor)
+
+ scopes = []
+
+ async def task(i: int):
+ scope = start_active_span(
+ f"task{i}",
+ tracer=self._tracer,
+ )
+ scopes.append(scope)
+
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, scope.span)
+ await clock.sleep(4)
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, scope.span)
+ scope.close()
+
+ async def root():
+ with start_active_span("root span", tracer=self._tracer) as root_scope:
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, root_scope.span)
+ scopes.append(root_scope)
+
+ d1 = run_in_background(task, 1)
+ await clock.sleep(2)
+ d2 = run_in_background(task, 2)
+
+ # because we did run_in_background, the active span should still be the
+ # root.
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, root_scope.span)
+
+ await make_deferred_yieldable(
+ defer.gatherResults([d1, d2], consumeErrors=True)
+ )
+
+ self.assertEqual(self._tracer.active_span, root_scope.span)
+
+ with LoggingContext("root context"):
+ # start the test off
+ d1 = defer.ensureDeferred(root())
+
+ # let the tasks complete
+ reactor.pump((2,) * 8)
+
+ self.successResultOf(d1)
+ self.assertIsNone(self._tracer.active_span)
+
+ # the spans should be reported in order of their finishing: task 1, task 2,
+ # root.
+ self.assertEqual(
+ self._reporter.get_spans(),
+ [scopes[1].span, scopes[2].span, scopes[0].span],
+ )
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