Move storage classes into a main "data store".

This is in preparation for having multiple data stores that offer
different functionality, e.g. splitting out state or event storage.

261 files changed, 4500 insertions, 4324 deletions

diff --git a/synapse/app/event_creator.py b/synapse/app/event_creator.py
index c67fe69a50..f20d810ece 100644
--- a/synapse/app/event_creator.py
+++ b/synapse/app/event_creator.py
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ from synapse.rest.client.v1.room import (
     RoomStateEventRestServlet,
 )
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.user_directory import UserDirectoryStore
 from synapse.storage.engines import create_engine
-from synapse.storage.user_directory import UserDirectoryStore
 from synapse.util.httpresourcetree import create_resource_tree
 from synapse.util.manhole import manhole
 from synapse.util.versionstring import get_version_string
diff --git a/synapse/app/media_repository.py b/synapse/app/media_repository.py
index 2ac783ffa3..6bc7202f33 100644
--- a/synapse/app/media_repository.py
+++ b/synapse/app/media_repository.py
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ from synapse.replication.tcp.client import ReplicationClientHandler
 from synapse.rest.admin import register_servlets_for_media_repo
 from synapse.rest.media.v0.content_repository import ContentRepoResource
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.media_repository import MediaRepositoryStore
 from synapse.storage.engines import create_engine
-from synapse.storage.media_repository import MediaRepositoryStore
 from synapse.util.httpresourcetree import create_resource_tree
 from synapse.util.manhole import manhole
 from synapse.util.versionstring import get_version_string
diff --git a/synapse/app/synchrotron.py b/synapse/app/synchrotron.py
index 473026fce5..6a7e2fa707 100644
--- a/synapse/app/synchrotron.py
+++ b/synapse/app/synchrotron.py
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ from synapse.rest.client.v1.initial_sync import InitialSyncRestServlet
 from synapse.rest.client.v1.room import RoomInitialSyncRestServlet
 from synapse.rest.client.v2_alpha import sync
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.presence import UserPresenceState
 from synapse.storage.engines import create_engine
-from synapse.storage.presence import UserPresenceState
 from synapse.util.httpresourcetree import create_resource_tree
 from synapse.util.manhole import manhole
 from synapse.util.stringutils import random_string
diff --git a/synapse/app/user_dir.py b/synapse/app/user_dir.py
index e01afb39f2..a5d6dc7915 100644
--- a/synapse/app/user_dir.py
+++ b/synapse/app/user_dir.py
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ from synapse.replication.tcp.streams.events import (
 )
 from synapse.rest.client.v2_alpha import user_directory
 from synapse.server import HomeServer
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.user_directory import UserDirectoryStore
 from synapse.storage.engines import create_engine
-from synapse.storage.user_directory import UserDirectoryStore
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
 from synapse.util.httpresourcetree import create_resource_tree
 from synapse.util.manhole import manhole
diff --git a/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py b/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py
index fad980b893..cc75c39476 100644
--- a/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py
+++ b/synapse/federation/sender/per_destination_queue.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from synapse.federation.units import Edu
 from synapse.handlers.presence import format_user_presence_state
 from synapse.metrics import sent_transactions_counter
 from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
-from synapse.storage import UserPresenceState
+from synapse.storage.presence import UserPresenceState
 from synapse.util.retryutils import NotRetryingDestination, get_retry_limiter
 
 # This is defined in the Matrix spec and enforced by the receiver.
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py
index 3c44d1d48d..bc2f6a12ae 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/account_data.py
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
-from synapse.storage.account_data import AccountDataWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.tags import TagsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.account_data import AccountDataWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.tags import TagsWorkerStore
 
 
 class SlavedAccountDataStore(TagsWorkerStore, AccountDataWorkerStore, BaseSlavedStore):
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/appservice.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/appservice.py
index cda12ea70d..a67fbeffb7 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/appservice.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/appservice.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.appservice import (
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.appservice import (
     ApplicationServiceTransactionWorkerStore,
     ApplicationServiceWorkerStore,
 )
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/client_ips.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/client_ips.py
index 14ced32333..b4f58cea19 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/client_ips.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/client_ips.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.client_ips import LAST_SEEN_GRANULARITY
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.client_ips import LAST_SEEN_GRANULARITY
 from synapse.util.caches import CACHE_SIZE_FACTOR
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import Cache
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py
index 284fd30d89..9fb6c5c6ff 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/deviceinbox.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
-from synapse.storage.deviceinbox import DeviceInboxWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.deviceinbox import DeviceInboxWorkerStore
 from synapse.util.caches.expiringcache import ExpiringCache
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py
index d9300fce33..f856c72d84 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/devices.py
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
-from synapse.storage.devices import DeviceWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.end_to_end_keys import EndToEndKeyWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.devices import DeviceWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.end_to_end_keys import EndToEndKeyWorkerStore
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/directory.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/directory.py
index 1d1d48709a..8b9717c46f 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/directory.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/directory.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.directory import DirectoryWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.directory import DirectoryWorkerStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py
index ab5937e638..d0a0eaf75b 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/events.py
@@ -20,15 +20,17 @@ from synapse.replication.tcp.streams.events import (
     EventsStreamCurrentStateRow,
     EventsStreamEventRow,
 )
-from synapse.storage.event_federation import EventFederationWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.event_push_actions import EventPushActionsWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.relations import RelationsWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.roommember import RoomMemberWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.signatures import SignatureWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.state import StateGroupWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.stream import StreamWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.user_erasure_store import UserErasureWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.event_federation import EventFederationWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.event_push_actions import (
+    EventPushActionsWorkerStore,
+)
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.relations import RelationsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.roommember import RoomMemberWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.signatures import SignatureWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.state import StateGroupWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.stream import StreamWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.user_erasure_store import UserErasureWorkerStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/filtering.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/filtering.py
index 456a14cd5c..5c84ebd125 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/filtering.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/filtering.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.filtering import FilteringStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.filtering import FilteringStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/keys.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/keys.py
index cc6f7f009f..3def367ae9 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/keys.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/keys.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage import KeyStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.keys import KeyStore
 
 # KeyStore isn't really safe to use from a worker, but for now we do so and hope that
 # the races it creates aren't too bad.
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py
index 82d808af4c..747ced0c84 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/presence.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 from synapse.storage import DataStore
-from synapse.storage.presence import PresenceStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.presence import PresenceStore
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore, __func__
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/profile.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/profile.py
index 46c28d4171..28c508aad3 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/profile.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/profile.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 from synapse.replication.slave.storage._base import BaseSlavedStore
-from synapse.storage.profile import ProfileWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.profile import ProfileWorkerStore
 
 
 class SlavedProfileStore(ProfileWorkerStore, BaseSlavedStore):
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/push_rule.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/push_rule.py
index af7012702e..3655f05e54 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/push_rule.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/push_rule.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.push_rule import PushRulesWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.push_rule import PushRulesWorkerStore
 
 from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
 from .events import SlavedEventStore
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/pushers.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/pushers.py
index 8eeb267d61..b4331d0799 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/pushers.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/pushers.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.pusher import PusherWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.pusher import PusherWorkerStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/receipts.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/receipts.py
index 91afa5a72b..43d823c601 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/receipts.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.receipts import ReceiptsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.receipts import ReceiptsWorkerStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/registration.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/registration.py
index 408d91df1c..4b8553e250 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/registration.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/registration.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.registration import RegistrationWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.registration import RegistrationWorkerStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/room.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/room.py
index f68b3378e3..d9ad386b28 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/room.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/room.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.room import RoomWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.room import RoomWorkerStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 from ._slaved_id_tracker import SlavedIdTracker
diff --git a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/transactions.py b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/transactions.py
index 3527beb3c9..ac88e6b8c3 100644
--- a/synapse/replication/slave/storage/transactions.py
+++ b/synapse/replication/slave/storage/transactions.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from synapse.storage.transactions import TransactionStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.transactions import TransactionStore
 
 from ._base import BaseSlavedStore
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
index e7f6ea7286..e42fba45a1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/__init__.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/__init__.py
@@ -14,509 +14,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-import calendar
-import logging
-import time
-
-from twisted.internet import defer
-
-from synapse.api.constants import PresenceState
-from synapse.storage.devices import DeviceStore
-from synapse.storage.user_erasure_store import UserErasureStore
-from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
-
-from .account_data import AccountDataStore
-from .appservice import ApplicationServiceStore, ApplicationServiceTransactionStore
-from .client_ips import ClientIpStore
-from .deviceinbox import DeviceInboxStore
-from .directory import DirectoryStore
-from .e2e_room_keys import EndToEndRoomKeyStore
-from .end_to_end_keys import EndToEndKeyStore
-from .engines import PostgresEngine
-from .event_federation import EventFederationStore
-from .event_push_actions import EventPushActionsStore
-from .events import EventsStore
-from .events_bg_updates import EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore
-from .filtering import FilteringStore
-from .group_server import GroupServerStore
-from .keys import KeyStore
-from .media_repository import MediaRepositoryStore
-from .monthly_active_users import MonthlyActiveUsersStore
-from .openid import OpenIdStore
-from .presence import PresenceStore, UserPresenceState
-from .profile import ProfileStore
-from .push_rule import PushRuleStore
-from .pusher import PusherStore
-from .receipts import ReceiptsStore
-from .registration import RegistrationStore
-from .rejections import RejectionsStore
-from .relations import RelationsStore
-from .room import RoomStore
-from .roommember import RoomMemberStore
-from .search import SearchStore
-from .signatures import SignatureStore
-from .state import StateStore
-from .stats import StatsStore
-from .stream import StreamStore
-from .tags import TagsStore
-from .transactions import TransactionStore
-from .user_directory import UserDirectoryStore
-from .util.id_generators import ChainedIdGenerator, IdGenerator, StreamIdGenerator
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-class DataStore(
-    EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore,
-    RoomMemberStore,
-    RoomStore,
-    RegistrationStore,
-    StreamStore,
-    ProfileStore,
-    PresenceStore,
-    TransactionStore,
-    DirectoryStore,
-    KeyStore,
-    StateStore,
-    SignatureStore,
-    ApplicationServiceStore,
-    EventsStore,
-    EventFederationStore,
-    MediaRepositoryStore,
-    RejectionsStore,
-    FilteringStore,
-    PusherStore,
-    PushRuleStore,
-    ApplicationServiceTransactionStore,
-    ReceiptsStore,
-    EndToEndKeyStore,
-    EndToEndRoomKeyStore,
-    SearchStore,
-    TagsStore,
-    AccountDataStore,
-    EventPushActionsStore,
-    OpenIdStore,
-    ClientIpStore,
-    DeviceStore,
-    DeviceInboxStore,
-    UserDirectoryStore,
-    GroupServerStore,
-    UserErasureStore,
-    MonthlyActiveUsersStore,
-    StatsStore,
-    RelationsStore,
-):
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        self.hs = hs
-        self._clock = hs.get_clock()
-        self.database_engine = hs.database_engine
-
-        self._stream_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn,
-            "events",
-            "stream_ordering",
-            extra_tables=[("local_invites", "stream_id")],
-        )
-        self._backfill_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn,
-            "events",
-            "stream_ordering",
-            step=-1,
-            extra_tables=[("ex_outlier_stream", "event_stream_ordering")],
-        )
-        self._presence_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn, "presence_stream", "stream_id"
-        )
-        self._device_inbox_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn, "device_max_stream_id", "stream_id"
-        )
-        self._public_room_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn, "public_room_list_stream", "stream_id"
-        )
-        self._device_list_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn, "device_lists_stream", "stream_id"
-        )
-
-        self._access_tokens_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "access_tokens", "id")
-        self._event_reports_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "event_reports", "id")
-        self._push_rule_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "push_rules", "id")
-        self._push_rules_enable_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "push_rules_enable", "id")
-        self._push_rules_stream_id_gen = ChainedIdGenerator(
-            self._stream_id_gen, db_conn, "push_rules_stream", "stream_id"
-        )
-        self._pushers_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn, "pushers", "id", extra_tables=[("deleted_pushers", "stream_id")]
-        )
-        self._group_updates_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-            db_conn, "local_group_updates", "stream_id"
-        )
-
-        if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
-            self._cache_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
-                db_conn, "cache_invalidation_stream", "stream_id"
-            )
-        else:
-            self._cache_id_gen = None
-
-        self._presence_on_startup = self._get_active_presence(db_conn)
-
-        presence_cache_prefill, min_presence_val = self._get_cache_dict(
-            db_conn,
-            "presence_stream",
-            entity_column="user_id",
-            stream_column="stream_id",
-            max_value=self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token(),
-        )
-        self.presence_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "PresenceStreamChangeCache",
-            min_presence_val,
-            prefilled_cache=presence_cache_prefill,
-        )
-
-        max_device_inbox_id = self._device_inbox_id_gen.get_current_token()
-        device_inbox_prefill, min_device_inbox_id = self._get_cache_dict(
-            db_conn,
-            "device_inbox",
-            entity_column="user_id",
-            stream_column="stream_id",
-            max_value=max_device_inbox_id,
-            limit=1000,
-        )
-        self._device_inbox_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "DeviceInboxStreamChangeCache",
-            min_device_inbox_id,
-            prefilled_cache=device_inbox_prefill,
-        )
-        # The federation outbox and the local device inbox uses the same
-        # stream_id generator.
-        device_outbox_prefill, min_device_outbox_id = self._get_cache_dict(
-            db_conn,
-            "device_federation_outbox",
-            entity_column="destination",
-            stream_column="stream_id",
-            max_value=max_device_inbox_id,
-            limit=1000,
-        )
-        self._device_federation_outbox_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "DeviceFederationOutboxStreamChangeCache",
-            min_device_outbox_id,
-            prefilled_cache=device_outbox_prefill,
-        )
-
-        device_list_max = self._device_list_id_gen.get_current_token()
-        self._device_list_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "DeviceListStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
-        )
-        self._device_list_federation_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "DeviceListFederationStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
-        )
-
-        events_max = self._stream_id_gen.get_current_token()
-        curr_state_delta_prefill, min_curr_state_delta_id = self._get_cache_dict(
-            db_conn,
-            "current_state_delta_stream",
-            entity_column="room_id",
-            stream_column="stream_id",
-            max_value=events_max,  # As we share the stream id with events token
-            limit=1000,
-        )
-        self._curr_state_delta_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "_curr_state_delta_stream_cache",
-            min_curr_state_delta_id,
-            prefilled_cache=curr_state_delta_prefill,
-        )
-
-        _group_updates_prefill, min_group_updates_id = self._get_cache_dict(
-            db_conn,
-            "local_group_updates",
-            entity_column="user_id",
-            stream_column="stream_id",
-            max_value=self._group_updates_id_gen.get_current_token(),
-            limit=1000,
-        )
-        self._group_updates_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "_group_updates_stream_cache",
-            min_group_updates_id,
-            prefilled_cache=_group_updates_prefill,
-        )
-
-        self._stream_order_on_start = self.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
-        self._min_stream_order_on_start = self.get_room_min_stream_ordering()
-
-        # Used in _generate_user_daily_visits to keep track of progress
-        self._last_user_visit_update = self._get_start_of_day()
-
-        super(DataStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-
-    def take_presence_startup_info(self):
-        active_on_startup = self._presence_on_startup
-        self._presence_on_startup = None
-        return active_on_startup
-
-    def _get_active_presence(self, db_conn):
-        """Fetch non-offline presence from the database so that we can register
-        the appropriate time outs.
-        """
-
-        sql = (
-            "SELECT user_id, state, last_active_ts, last_federation_update_ts,"
-            " last_user_sync_ts, status_msg, currently_active FROM presence_stream"
-            " WHERE state != ?"
-        )
-        sql = self.database_engine.convert_param_style(sql)
-
-        txn = db_conn.cursor()
-        txn.execute(sql, (PresenceState.OFFLINE,))
-        rows = self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
-        txn.close()
-
-        for row in rows:
-            row["currently_active"] = bool(row["currently_active"])
-
-        return [UserPresenceState(**row) for row in rows]
-
-    def count_daily_users(self):
-        """
-        Counts the number of users who used this homeserver in the last 24 hours.
-        """
-        yesterday = int(self._clock.time_msec()) - (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)
-        return self.runInteraction("count_daily_users", self._count_users, yesterday)
-
-    def count_monthly_users(self):
-        """
-        Counts the number of users who used this homeserver in the last 30 days.
-        Note this method is intended for phonehome metrics only and is different
-        from the mau figure in synapse.storage.monthly_active_users which,
-        amongst other things, includes a 3 day grace period before a user counts.
-        """
-        thirty_days_ago = int(self._clock.time_msec()) - (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24 * 30)
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "count_monthly_users", self._count_users, thirty_days_ago
-        )
-
-    def _count_users(self, txn, time_from):
-        """
-        Returns number of users seen in the past time_from period
-        """
-        sql = """
-            SELECT COALESCE(count(*), 0) FROM (
-                SELECT user_id FROM user_ips
-                WHERE last_seen > ?
-                GROUP BY user_id
-            ) u
-        """
-        txn.execute(sql, (time_from,))
-        count, = txn.fetchone()
-        return count
-
-    def count_r30_users(self):
-        """
-        Counts the number of 30 day retained users, defined as:-
-         * Users who have created their accounts more than 30 days ago
-         * Where last seen at most 30 days ago
-         * Where account creation and last_seen are > 30 days apart
-
-         Returns counts globaly for a given user as well as breaking
-         by platform
-        """
-
-        def _count_r30_users(txn):
-            thirty_days_in_secs = 86400 * 30
-            now = int(self._clock.time())
-            thirty_days_ago_in_secs = now - thirty_days_in_secs
-
-            sql = """
-                SELECT platform, COALESCE(count(*), 0) FROM (
-                     SELECT
-                        users.name, platform, users.creation_ts * 1000,
-                        MAX(uip.last_seen)
-                     FROM users
-                     INNER JOIN (
-                         SELECT
-                         user_id,
-                         last_seen,
-                         CASE
-                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Android%%' THEN 'android'
-                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%iOS%%' THEN 'ios'
-                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Electron%%' THEN 'electron'
-                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Mozilla%%' THEN 'web'
-                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Gecko%%' THEN 'web'
-                             ELSE 'unknown'
-                         END
-                         AS platform
-                         FROM user_ips
-                     ) uip
-                     ON users.name = uip.user_id
-                     AND users.appservice_id is NULL
-                     AND users.creation_ts < ?
-                     AND uip.last_seen/1000 > ?
-                     AND (uip.last_seen/1000) - users.creation_ts > 86400 * 30
-                     GROUP BY users.name, platform, users.creation_ts
-                ) u GROUP BY platform
-            """
-
-            results = {}
-            txn.execute(sql, (thirty_days_ago_in_secs, thirty_days_ago_in_secs))
-
-            for row in txn:
-                if row[0] == "unknown":
-                    pass
-                results[row[0]] = row[1]
-
-            sql = """
-                SELECT COALESCE(count(*), 0) FROM (
-                    SELECT users.name, users.creation_ts * 1000,
-                                                        MAX(uip.last_seen)
-                    FROM users
-                    INNER JOIN (
-                        SELECT
-                        user_id,
-                        last_seen
-                        FROM user_ips
-                    ) uip
-                    ON users.name = uip.user_id
-                    AND appservice_id is NULL
-                    AND users.creation_ts < ?
-                    AND uip.last_seen/1000 > ?
-                    AND (uip.last_seen/1000) - users.creation_ts > 86400 * 30
-                    GROUP BY users.name, users.creation_ts
-                ) u
-            """
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (thirty_days_ago_in_secs, thirty_days_ago_in_secs))
-
-            count, = txn.fetchone()
-            results["all"] = count
-
-            return results
-
-        return self.runInteraction("count_r30_users", _count_r30_users)
-
-    def _get_start_of_day(self):
-        """
-        Returns millisecond unixtime for start of UTC day.
-        """
-        now = time.gmtime()
-        today_start = calendar.timegm((now.tm_year, now.tm_mon, now.tm_mday, 0, 0, 0))
-        return today_start * 1000
-
-    def generate_user_daily_visits(self):
-        """
-        Generates daily visit data for use in cohort/ retention analysis
-        """
-
-        def _generate_user_daily_visits(txn):
-            logger.info("Calling _generate_user_daily_visits")
-            today_start = self._get_start_of_day()
-            a_day_in_milliseconds = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
-            now = self.clock.time_msec()
-
-            sql = """
-                INSERT INTO user_daily_visits (user_id, device_id, timestamp)
-                    SELECT u.user_id, u.device_id, ?
-                    FROM user_ips AS u
-                    LEFT JOIN (
-                      SELECT user_id, device_id, timestamp FROM user_daily_visits
-                      WHERE timestamp = ?
-                    ) udv
-                    ON u.user_id = udv.user_id AND u.device_id=udv.device_id
-                    INNER JOIN users ON users.name=u.user_id
-                    WHERE last_seen > ? AND last_seen <= ?
-                    AND udv.timestamp IS NULL AND users.is_guest=0
-                    AND users.appservice_id IS NULL
-                    GROUP BY u.user_id, u.device_id
-            """
-
-            # This means that the day has rolled over but there could still
-            # be entries from the previous day. There is an edge case
-            # where if the user logs in at 23:59 and overwrites their
-            # last_seen at 00:01 then they will not be counted in the
-            # previous day's stats - it is important that the query is run
-            # often to minimise this case.
-            if today_start > self._last_user_visit_update:
-                yesterday_start = today_start - a_day_in_milliseconds
-                txn.execute(
-                    sql,
-                    (
-                        yesterday_start,
-                        yesterday_start,
-                        self._last_user_visit_update,
-                        today_start,
-                    ),
-                )
-                self._last_user_visit_update = today_start
-
-            txn.execute(
-                sql, (today_start, today_start, self._last_user_visit_update, now)
-            )
-            # Update _last_user_visit_update to now. The reason to do this
-            # rather just clamping to the beginning of the day is to limit
-            # the size of the join - meaning that the query can be run more
-            # frequently
-            self._last_user_visit_update = now
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "generate_user_daily_visits", _generate_user_daily_visits
-        )
-
-    def get_users(self):
-        """Function to reterive a list of users in users table.
-
-        Args:
-        Returns:
-            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
-        """
-        return self._simple_select_list(
-            table="users",
-            keyvalues={},
-            retcols=["name", "password_hash", "is_guest", "admin", "user_type"],
-            desc="get_users",
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_users_paginate(self, order, start, limit):
-        """Function to reterive a paginated list of users from
-        users list. This will return a json object, which contains
-        list of users and the total number of users in users table.
-
-        Args:
-            order (str): column name to order the select by this column
-            start (int): start number to begin the query from
-            limit (int): number of rows to reterive
-        Returns:
-            defer.Deferred: resolves to json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count}
-        """
-        users = yield self.runInteraction(
-            "get_users_paginate",
-            self._simple_select_list_paginate_txn,
-            table="users",
-            keyvalues={"is_guest": False},
-            orderby=order,
-            start=start,
-            limit=limit,
-            retcols=["name", "password_hash", "is_guest", "admin", "user_type"],
-        )
-        count = yield self.runInteraction("get_users_paginate", self.get_user_count_txn)
-        retval = {"users": users, "total": count}
-        return retval
-
-    def search_users(self, term):
-        """Function to search users list for one or more users with
-        the matched term.
-
-        Args:
-            term (str): search term
-            col (str): column to query term should be matched to
-        Returns:
-            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
-        """
-        return self._simple_search_list(
-            table="users",
-            term=term,
-            col="name",
-            retcols=["name", "password_hash", "is_guest", "admin", "user_type"],
-            desc="search_users",
-        )
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main import DataStore  # noqa: F401
 
 
 def are_all_users_on_domain(txn, database_engine, domain):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56094078ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/__init__.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d29135588f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,524 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import calendar
+import logging
+import time
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+
+from synapse.api.constants import PresenceState
+from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
+from synapse.storage.util.id_generators import (
+    ChainedIdGenerator,
+    IdGenerator,
+    StreamIdGenerator,
+)
+from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
+
+from .account_data import AccountDataStore
+from .appservice import ApplicationServiceStore, ApplicationServiceTransactionStore
+from .client_ips import ClientIpStore
+from .deviceinbox import DeviceInboxStore
+from .devices import DeviceStore
+from .directory import DirectoryStore
+from .e2e_room_keys import EndToEndRoomKeyStore
+from .end_to_end_keys import EndToEndKeyStore
+from .event_federation import EventFederationStore
+from .event_push_actions import EventPushActionsStore
+from .events import EventsStore
+from .events_bg_updates import EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore
+from .filtering import FilteringStore
+from .group_server import GroupServerStore
+from .keys import KeyStore
+from .media_repository import MediaRepositoryStore
+from .monthly_active_users import MonthlyActiveUsersStore
+from .openid import OpenIdStore
+from .presence import PresenceStore, UserPresenceState
+from .profile import ProfileStore
+from .push_rule import PushRuleStore
+from .pusher import PusherStore
+from .receipts import ReceiptsStore
+from .registration import RegistrationStore
+from .rejections import RejectionsStore
+from .relations import RelationsStore
+from .room import RoomStore
+from .roommember import RoomMemberStore
+from .search import SearchStore
+from .signatures import SignatureStore
+from .state import StateStore
+from .stats import StatsStore
+from .stream import StreamStore
+from .tags import TagsStore
+from .transactions import TransactionStore
+from .user_directory import UserDirectoryStore
+from .user_erasure_store import UserErasureStore
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class DataStore(
+    EventsBackgroundUpdatesStore,
+    RoomMemberStore,
+    RoomStore,
+    RegistrationStore,
+    StreamStore,
+    ProfileStore,
+    PresenceStore,
+    TransactionStore,
+    DirectoryStore,
+    KeyStore,
+    StateStore,
+    SignatureStore,
+    ApplicationServiceStore,
+    EventsStore,
+    EventFederationStore,
+    MediaRepositoryStore,
+    RejectionsStore,
+    FilteringStore,
+    PusherStore,
+    PushRuleStore,
+    ApplicationServiceTransactionStore,
+    ReceiptsStore,
+    EndToEndKeyStore,
+    EndToEndRoomKeyStore,
+    SearchStore,
+    TagsStore,
+    AccountDataStore,
+    EventPushActionsStore,
+    OpenIdStore,
+    ClientIpStore,
+    DeviceStore,
+    DeviceInboxStore,
+    UserDirectoryStore,
+    GroupServerStore,
+    UserErasureStore,
+    MonthlyActiveUsersStore,
+    StatsStore,
+    RelationsStore,
+):
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        self.hs = hs
+        self._clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self.database_engine = hs.database_engine
+
+        self._stream_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn,
+            "events",
+            "stream_ordering",
+            extra_tables=[("local_invites", "stream_id")],
+        )
+        self._backfill_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn,
+            "events",
+            "stream_ordering",
+            step=-1,
+            extra_tables=[("ex_outlier_stream", "event_stream_ordering")],
+        )
+        self._presence_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "presence_stream", "stream_id"
+        )
+        self._device_inbox_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "device_max_stream_id", "stream_id"
+        )
+        self._public_room_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "public_room_list_stream", "stream_id"
+        )
+        self._device_list_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "device_lists_stream", "stream_id"
+        )
+
+        self._access_tokens_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "access_tokens", "id")
+        self._event_reports_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "event_reports", "id")
+        self._push_rule_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "push_rules", "id")
+        self._push_rules_enable_id_gen = IdGenerator(db_conn, "push_rules_enable", "id")
+        self._push_rules_stream_id_gen = ChainedIdGenerator(
+            self._stream_id_gen, db_conn, "push_rules_stream", "stream_id"
+        )
+        self._pushers_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "pushers", "id", extra_tables=[("deleted_pushers", "stream_id")]
+        )
+        self._group_updates_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+            db_conn, "local_group_updates", "stream_id"
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
+            self._cache_id_gen = StreamIdGenerator(
+                db_conn, "cache_invalidation_stream", "stream_id"
+            )
+        else:
+            self._cache_id_gen = None
+
+        self._presence_on_startup = self._get_active_presence(db_conn)
+
+        presence_cache_prefill, min_presence_val = self._get_cache_dict(
+            db_conn,
+            "presence_stream",
+            entity_column="user_id",
+            stream_column="stream_id",
+            max_value=self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token(),
+        )
+        self.presence_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "PresenceStreamChangeCache",
+            min_presence_val,
+            prefilled_cache=presence_cache_prefill,
+        )
+
+        max_device_inbox_id = self._device_inbox_id_gen.get_current_token()
+        device_inbox_prefill, min_device_inbox_id = self._get_cache_dict(
+            db_conn,
+            "device_inbox",
+            entity_column="user_id",
+            stream_column="stream_id",
+            max_value=max_device_inbox_id,
+            limit=1000,
+        )
+        self._device_inbox_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "DeviceInboxStreamChangeCache",
+            min_device_inbox_id,
+            prefilled_cache=device_inbox_prefill,
+        )
+        # The federation outbox and the local device inbox uses the same
+        # stream_id generator.
+        device_outbox_prefill, min_device_outbox_id = self._get_cache_dict(
+            db_conn,
+            "device_federation_outbox",
+            entity_column="destination",
+            stream_column="stream_id",
+            max_value=max_device_inbox_id,
+            limit=1000,
+        )
+        self._device_federation_outbox_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "DeviceFederationOutboxStreamChangeCache",
+            min_device_outbox_id,
+            prefilled_cache=device_outbox_prefill,
+        )
+
+        device_list_max = self._device_list_id_gen.get_current_token()
+        self._device_list_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "DeviceListStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
+        )
+        self._device_list_federation_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "DeviceListFederationStreamChangeCache", device_list_max
+        )
+
+        events_max = self._stream_id_gen.get_current_token()
+        curr_state_delta_prefill, min_curr_state_delta_id = self._get_cache_dict(
+            db_conn,
+            "current_state_delta_stream",
+            entity_column="room_id",
+            stream_column="stream_id",
+            max_value=events_max,  # As we share the stream id with events token
+            limit=1000,
+        )
+        self._curr_state_delta_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "_curr_state_delta_stream_cache",
+            min_curr_state_delta_id,
+            prefilled_cache=curr_state_delta_prefill,
+        )
+
+        _group_updates_prefill, min_group_updates_id = self._get_cache_dict(
+            db_conn,
+            "local_group_updates",
+            entity_column="user_id",
+            stream_column="stream_id",
+            max_value=self._group_updates_id_gen.get_current_token(),
+            limit=1000,
+        )
+        self._group_updates_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "_group_updates_stream_cache",
+            min_group_updates_id,
+            prefilled_cache=_group_updates_prefill,
+        )
+
+        self._stream_order_on_start = self.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
+        self._min_stream_order_on_start = self.get_room_min_stream_ordering()
+
+        # Used in _generate_user_daily_visits to keep track of progress
+        self._last_user_visit_update = self._get_start_of_day()
+
+        super(DataStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+
+    def take_presence_startup_info(self):
+        active_on_startup = self._presence_on_startup
+        self._presence_on_startup = None
+        return active_on_startup
+
+    def _get_active_presence(self, db_conn):
+        """Fetch non-offline presence from the database so that we can register
+        the appropriate time outs.
+        """
+
+        sql = (
+            "SELECT user_id, state, last_active_ts, last_federation_update_ts,"
+            " last_user_sync_ts, status_msg, currently_active FROM presence_stream"
+            " WHERE state != ?"
+        )
+        sql = self.database_engine.convert_param_style(sql)
+
+        txn = db_conn.cursor()
+        txn.execute(sql, (PresenceState.OFFLINE,))
+        rows = self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+        txn.close()
+
+        for row in rows:
+            row["currently_active"] = bool(row["currently_active"])
+
+        return [UserPresenceState(**row) for row in rows]
+
+    def count_daily_users(self):
+        """
+        Counts the number of users who used this homeserver in the last 24 hours.
+        """
+        yesterday = int(self._clock.time_msec()) - (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)
+        return self.runInteraction("count_daily_users", self._count_users, yesterday)
+
+    def count_monthly_users(self):
+        """
+        Counts the number of users who used this homeserver in the last 30 days.
+        Note this method is intended for phonehome metrics only and is different
+        from the mau figure in synapse.storage.monthly_active_users which,
+        amongst other things, includes a 3 day grace period before a user counts.
+        """
+        thirty_days_ago = int(self._clock.time_msec()) - (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24 * 30)
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "count_monthly_users", self._count_users, thirty_days_ago
+        )
+
+    def _count_users(self, txn, time_from):
+        """
+        Returns number of users seen in the past time_from period
+        """
+        sql = """
+            SELECT COALESCE(count(*), 0) FROM (
+                SELECT user_id FROM user_ips
+                WHERE last_seen > ?
+                GROUP BY user_id
+            ) u
+        """
+        txn.execute(sql, (time_from,))
+        count, = txn.fetchone()
+        return count
+
+    def count_r30_users(self):
+        """
+        Counts the number of 30 day retained users, defined as:-
+         * Users who have created their accounts more than 30 days ago
+         * Where last seen at most 30 days ago
+         * Where account creation and last_seen are > 30 days apart
+
+         Returns counts globaly for a given user as well as breaking
+         by platform
+        """
+
+        def _count_r30_users(txn):
+            thirty_days_in_secs = 86400 * 30
+            now = int(self._clock.time())
+            thirty_days_ago_in_secs = now - thirty_days_in_secs
+
+            sql = """
+                SELECT platform, COALESCE(count(*), 0) FROM (
+                     SELECT
+                        users.name, platform, users.creation_ts * 1000,
+                        MAX(uip.last_seen)
+                     FROM users
+                     INNER JOIN (
+                         SELECT
+                         user_id,
+                         last_seen,
+                         CASE
+                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Android%%' THEN 'android'
+                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%iOS%%' THEN 'ios'
+                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Electron%%' THEN 'electron'
+                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Mozilla%%' THEN 'web'
+                             WHEN user_agent LIKE '%%Gecko%%' THEN 'web'
+                             ELSE 'unknown'
+                         END
+                         AS platform
+                         FROM user_ips
+                     ) uip
+                     ON users.name = uip.user_id
+                     AND users.appservice_id is NULL
+                     AND users.creation_ts < ?
+                     AND uip.last_seen/1000 > ?
+                     AND (uip.last_seen/1000) - users.creation_ts > 86400 * 30
+                     GROUP BY users.name, platform, users.creation_ts
+                ) u GROUP BY platform
+            """
+
+            results = {}
+            txn.execute(sql, (thirty_days_ago_in_secs, thirty_days_ago_in_secs))
+
+            for row in txn:
+                if row[0] == "unknown":
+                    pass
+                results[row[0]] = row[1]
+
+            sql = """
+                SELECT COALESCE(count(*), 0) FROM (
+                    SELECT users.name, users.creation_ts * 1000,
+                                                        MAX(uip.last_seen)
+                    FROM users
+                    INNER JOIN (
+                        SELECT
+                        user_id,
+                        last_seen
+                        FROM user_ips
+                    ) uip
+                    ON users.name = uip.user_id
+                    AND appservice_id is NULL
+                    AND users.creation_ts < ?
+                    AND uip.last_seen/1000 > ?
+                    AND (uip.last_seen/1000) - users.creation_ts > 86400 * 30
+                    GROUP BY users.name, users.creation_ts
+                ) u
+            """
+
+            txn.execute(sql, (thirty_days_ago_in_secs, thirty_days_ago_in_secs))
+
+            count, = txn.fetchone()
+            results["all"] = count
+
+            return results
+
+        return self.runInteraction("count_r30_users", _count_r30_users)
+
+    def _get_start_of_day(self):
+        """
+        Returns millisecond unixtime for start of UTC day.
+        """
+        now = time.gmtime()
+        today_start = calendar.timegm((now.tm_year, now.tm_mon, now.tm_mday, 0, 0, 0))
+        return today_start * 1000
+
+    def generate_user_daily_visits(self):
+        """
+        Generates daily visit data for use in cohort/ retention analysis
+        """
+
+        def _generate_user_daily_visits(txn):
+            logger.info("Calling _generate_user_daily_visits")
+            today_start = self._get_start_of_day()
+            a_day_in_milliseconds = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
+            now = self.clock.time_msec()
+
+            sql = """
+                INSERT INTO user_daily_visits (user_id, device_id, timestamp)
+                    SELECT u.user_id, u.device_id, ?
+                    FROM user_ips AS u
+                    LEFT JOIN (
+                      SELECT user_id, device_id, timestamp FROM user_daily_visits
+                      WHERE timestamp = ?
+                    ) udv
+                    ON u.user_id = udv.user_id AND u.device_id=udv.device_id
+                    INNER JOIN users ON users.name=u.user_id
+                    WHERE last_seen > ? AND last_seen <= ?
+                    AND udv.timestamp IS NULL AND users.is_guest=0
+                    AND users.appservice_id IS NULL
+                    GROUP BY u.user_id, u.device_id
+            """
+
+            # This means that the day has rolled over but there could still
+            # be entries from the previous day. There is an edge case
+            # where if the user logs in at 23:59 and overwrites their
+            # last_seen at 00:01 then they will not be counted in the
+            # previous day's stats - it is important that the query is run
+            # often to minimise this case.
+            if today_start > self._last_user_visit_update:
+                yesterday_start = today_start - a_day_in_milliseconds
+                txn.execute(
+                    sql,
+                    (
+                        yesterday_start,
+                        yesterday_start,
+                        self._last_user_visit_update,
+                        today_start,
+                    ),
+                )
+                self._last_user_visit_update = today_start
+
+            txn.execute(
+                sql, (today_start, today_start, self._last_user_visit_update, now)
+            )
+            # Update _last_user_visit_update to now. The reason to do this
+            # rather just clamping to the beginning of the day is to limit
+            # the size of the join - meaning that the query can be run more
+            # frequently
+            self._last_user_visit_update = now
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "generate_user_daily_visits", _generate_user_daily_visits
+        )
+
+    def get_users(self):
+        """Function to reterive a list of users in users table.
+
+        Args:
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        return self._simple_select_list(
+            table="users",
+            keyvalues={},
+            retcols=["name", "password_hash", "is_guest", "admin", "user_type"],
+            desc="get_users",
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_users_paginate(self, order, start, limit):
+        """Function to reterive a paginated list of users from
+        users list. This will return a json object, which contains
+        list of users and the total number of users in users table.
+
+        Args:
+            order (str): column name to order the select by this column
+            start (int): start number to begin the query from
+            limit (int): number of rows to reterive
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to json object {list[dict[str, Any]], count}
+        """
+        users = yield self.runInteraction(
+            "get_users_paginate",
+            self._simple_select_list_paginate_txn,
+            table="users",
+            keyvalues={"is_guest": False},
+            orderby=order,
+            start=start,
+            limit=limit,
+            retcols=["name", "password_hash", "is_guest", "admin", "user_type"],
+        )
+        count = yield self.runInteraction("get_users_paginate", self.get_user_count_txn)
+        retval = {"users": users, "total": count}
+        return retval
+
+    def search_users(self, term):
+        """Function to search users list for one or more users with
+        the matched term.
+
+        Args:
+            term (str): search term
+            col (str): column to query term should be matched to
+        Returns:
+            defer.Deferred: resolves to list[dict[str, Any]]
+        """
+        return self._simple_search_list(
+            table="users",
+            term=term,
+            col="name",
+            retcols=["name", "password_hash", "is_guest", "admin", "user_type"],
+            desc="search_users",
+        )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/account_data.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/account_data.py
index 6afbfc0d74..6afbfc0d74 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/account_data.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/account_data.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/appservice.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/appservice.py
index 435b2acd4d..81babf2029 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/appservice.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/appservice.py
@@ -22,9 +22,8 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.appservice import AppServiceTransaction
 from synapse.config.appservice import load_appservices
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
-
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/client_ips.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/client_ips.py
index 067820a5da..706c6a1f3f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/client_ips.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/client_ips.py
@@ -20,11 +20,10 @@ from six import iteritems
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import wrap_as_background_process
+from synapse.storage import background_updates
+from synapse.storage._base import Cache
 from synapse.util.caches import CACHE_SIZE_FACTOR
 
-from . import background_updates
-from ._base import Cache
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Number of msec of granularity to store the user IP 'last seen' time. Smaller
diff --git a/synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/deviceinbox.py
index f04aad0743..f04aad0743 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/deviceinbox.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/deviceinbox.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/devices.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/devices.py
index ac5239e50a..ac5239e50a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/devices.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/devices.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/directory.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/directory.py
index eed7757ed5..297966d9f4 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/directory.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/directory.py
@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@ from collections import namedtuple
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import SynapseError
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
-
 RoomAliasMapping = namedtuple("RoomAliasMapping", ("room_id", "room_alias", "servers"))
 
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/e2e_room_keys.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/e2e_room_keys.py
index be2fe2bab6..ef88e79293 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/e2e_room_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/e2e_room_keys.py
@@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
 from synapse.logging.opentracing import log_kv, trace
-
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 
 
 class EndToEndRoomKeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/end_to_end_keys.py
index 872bc75490..7e44f41046 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/end_to_end_keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/end_to_end_keys.py
@@ -19,10 +19,9 @@ from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.logging.opentracing import log_kv, set_tag, trace
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
-
 
 class EndToEndKeyWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
     @trace
diff --git a/synapse/storage/event_federation.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/event_federation.py
index 47cc10d32a..a470a48e0f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/event_federation.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/event_federation.py
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
 from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
 from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, make_in_list_sql_clause
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.signatures import SignatureWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.signatures import SignatureWorkerStore
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/event_push_actions.py
index 22025effbc..22025effbc 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/event_push_actions.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/event_push_actions.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/events.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/events.py
index ee49ef235d..03b5111c5d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/events.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/events.py
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
 from synapse.state import StateResolutionStore
 from synapse.storage._base import make_in_list_sql_clause
 from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
-from synapse.storage.event_federation import EventFederationStore
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.state import StateGroupWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.event_federation import EventFederationStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.state import StateGroupWorkerStore
 from synapse.types import RoomStreamToken, get_domain_from_id
 from synapse.util import batch_iter
 from synapse.util.async_helpers import ObservableDeferred
diff --git a/synapse/storage/events_bg_updates.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/events_bg_updates.py
index 31ea6f917f..31ea6f917f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/events_bg_updates.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/events_bg_updates.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/events_worker.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/events_worker.py
index 4c4b76bd93..4c4b76bd93 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/events_worker.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/events_worker.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/filtering.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/filtering.py
index 7c2a7da836..a2a2a67927 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/filtering.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/filtering.py
@@ -16,10 +16,9 @@
 from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json
 
 from synapse.api.errors import Codes, SynapseError
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cachedInlineCallbacks
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
-
 
 class FilteringStore(SQLBaseStore):
     @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/group_server.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/group_server.py
index 15b01c6958..aeae5a2b28 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/group_server.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/group_server.py
@@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ from canonicaljson import json
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import SynapseError
-
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 
 # The category ID for the "default" category. We don't store as null in the
 # database to avoid the fun of null != null
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/keys.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/keys.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ebc7db3ed6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/keys.py
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import itertools
+import logging
+
+import six
+
+from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes
+
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.keys import FetchKeyResult
+from synapse.util import batch_iter
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# py2 sqlite has buffer hardcoded as only binary type, so we must use it,
+# despite being deprecated and removed in favor of memoryview
+if six.PY2:
+    db_binary_type = six.moves.builtins.buffer
+else:
+    db_binary_type = memoryview
+
+
+class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
+    """Persistence for signature verification keys
+    """
+
+    @cached()
+    def _get_server_verify_key(self, server_name_and_key_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @cachedList(
+        cached_method_name="_get_server_verify_key", list_name="server_name_and_key_ids"
+    )
+    def get_server_verify_keys(self, server_name_and_key_ids):
+        """
+        Args:
+            server_name_and_key_ids (iterable[Tuple[str, str]]):
+                iterable of (server_name, key-id) tuples to fetch keys for
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred: resolves to dict[Tuple[str, str], FetchKeyResult|None]:
+                map from (server_name, key_id) -> FetchKeyResult, or None if the key is
+                unknown
+        """
+        keys = {}
+
+        def _get_keys(txn, batch):
+            """Processes a batch of keys to fetch, and adds the result to `keys`."""
+
+            # batch_iter always returns tuples so it's safe to do len(batch)
+            sql = (
+                "SELECT server_name, key_id, verify_key, ts_valid_until_ms "
+                "FROM server_signature_keys WHERE 1=0"
+            ) + " OR (server_name=? AND key_id=?)" * len(batch)
+
+            txn.execute(sql, tuple(itertools.chain.from_iterable(batch)))
+
+            for row in txn:
+                server_name, key_id, key_bytes, ts_valid_until_ms = row
+
+                if ts_valid_until_ms is None:
+                    # Old keys may be stored with a ts_valid_until_ms of null,
+                    # in which case we treat this as if it was set to `0`, i.e.
+                    # it won't match key requests that define a minimum
+                    # `ts_valid_until_ms`.
+                    ts_valid_until_ms = 0
+
+                res = FetchKeyResult(
+                    verify_key=decode_verify_key_bytes(key_id, bytes(key_bytes)),
+                    valid_until_ts=ts_valid_until_ms,
+                )
+                keys[(server_name, key_id)] = res
+
+        def _txn(txn):
+            for batch in batch_iter(server_name_and_key_ids, 50):
+                _get_keys(txn, batch)
+            return keys
+
+        return self.runInteraction("get_server_verify_keys", _txn)
+
+    def store_server_verify_keys(self, from_server, ts_added_ms, verify_keys):
+        """Stores NACL verification keys for remote servers.
+        Args:
+            from_server (str): Where the verification keys were looked up
+            ts_added_ms (int): The time to record that the key was added
+            verify_keys (iterable[tuple[str, str, FetchKeyResult]]):
+                keys to be stored. Each entry is a triplet of
+                (server_name, key_id, key).
+        """
+        key_values = []
+        value_values = []
+        invalidations = []
+        for server_name, key_id, fetch_result in verify_keys:
+            key_values.append((server_name, key_id))
+            value_values.append(
+                (
+                    from_server,
+                    ts_added_ms,
+                    fetch_result.valid_until_ts,
+                    db_binary_type(fetch_result.verify_key.encode()),
+                )
+            )
+            # invalidate takes a tuple corresponding to the params of
+            # _get_server_verify_key. _get_server_verify_key only takes one
+            # param, which is itself the 2-tuple (server_name, key_id).
+            invalidations.append((server_name, key_id))
+
+        def _invalidate(res):
+            f = self._get_server_verify_key.invalidate
+            for i in invalidations:
+                f((i,))
+            return res
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "store_server_verify_keys",
+            self._simple_upsert_many_txn,
+            table="server_signature_keys",
+            key_names=("server_name", "key_id"),
+            key_values=key_values,
+            value_names=(
+                "from_server",
+                "ts_added_ms",
+                "ts_valid_until_ms",
+                "verify_key",
+            ),
+            value_values=value_values,
+        ).addCallback(_invalidate)
+
+    def store_server_keys_json(
+        self, server_name, key_id, from_server, ts_now_ms, ts_expires_ms, key_json_bytes
+    ):
+        """Stores the JSON bytes for a set of keys from a server
+        The JSON should be signed by the originating server, the intermediate
+        server, and by this server. Updates the value for the
+        (server_name, key_id, from_server) triplet if one already existed.
+        Args:
+            server_name (str): The name of the server.
+            key_id (str): The identifer of the key this JSON is for.
+            from_server (str): The server this JSON was fetched from.
+            ts_now_ms (int): The time now in milliseconds.
+            ts_valid_until_ms (int): The time when this json stops being valid.
+            key_json (bytes): The encoded JSON.
+        """
+        return self._simple_upsert(
+            table="server_keys_json",
+            keyvalues={
+                "server_name": server_name,
+                "key_id": key_id,
+                "from_server": from_server,
+            },
+            values={
+                "server_name": server_name,
+                "key_id": key_id,
+                "from_server": from_server,
+                "ts_added_ms": ts_now_ms,
+                "ts_valid_until_ms": ts_expires_ms,
+                "key_json": db_binary_type(key_json_bytes),
+            },
+            desc="store_server_keys_json",
+        )
+
+    def get_server_keys_json(self, server_keys):
+        """Retrive the key json for a list of server_keys and key ids.
+        If no keys are found for a given server, key_id and source then
+        that server, key_id, and source triplet entry will be an empty list.
+        The JSON is returned as a byte array so that it can be efficiently
+        used in an HTTP response.
+        Args:
+            server_keys (list): List of (server_name, key_id, source) triplets.
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[Tuple[str, str, str|None], list[dict]]]:
+                Dict mapping (server_name, key_id, source) triplets to lists of dicts
+        """
+
+        def _get_server_keys_json_txn(txn):
+            results = {}
+            for server_name, key_id, from_server in server_keys:
+                keyvalues = {"server_name": server_name}
+                if key_id is not None:
+                    keyvalues["key_id"] = key_id
+                if from_server is not None:
+                    keyvalues["from_server"] = from_server
+                rows = self._simple_select_list_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    "server_keys_json",
+                    keyvalues=keyvalues,
+                    retcols=(
+                        "key_id",
+                        "from_server",
+                        "ts_added_ms",
+                        "ts_valid_until_ms",
+                        "key_json",
+                    ),
+                )
+                results[(server_name, key_id, from_server)] = rows
+            return results
+
+        return self.runInteraction("get_server_keys_json", _get_server_keys_json_txn)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/media_repository.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/media_repository.py
index 84b5f3ad5e..84b5f3ad5e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/media_repository.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/media_repository.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/monthly_active_users.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/monthly_active_users.py
index 3803604be7..e6ee1e4aaa 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/monthly_active_users.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/monthly_active_users.py
@@ -16,10 +16,9 @@ import logging
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Number of msec of granularity to store the monthly_active_user timestamp
diff --git a/synapse/storage/openid.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/openid.py
index b3318045ee..79b40044d9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/openid.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/openid.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 
 
 class OpenIdStore(SQLBaseStore):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/presence.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/presence.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..523ed6575e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/presence.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, make_in_list_sql_clause
+from synapse.storage.presence import UserPresenceState
+from synapse.util import batch_iter
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
+
+
+class PresenceStore(SQLBaseStore):
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def update_presence(self, presence_states):
+        stream_ordering_manager = self._presence_id_gen.get_next_mult(
+            len(presence_states)
+        )
+
+        with stream_ordering_manager as stream_orderings:
+            yield self.runInteraction(
+                "update_presence",
+                self._update_presence_txn,
+                stream_orderings,
+                presence_states,
+            )
+
+        return stream_orderings[-1], self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token()
+
+    def _update_presence_txn(self, txn, stream_orderings, presence_states):
+        for stream_id, state in zip(stream_orderings, presence_states):
+            txn.call_after(
+                self.presence_stream_cache.entity_has_changed, state.user_id, stream_id
+            )
+            txn.call_after(self._get_presence_for_user.invalidate, (state.user_id,))
+
+        # Actually insert new rows
+        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="presence_stream",
+            values=[
+                {
+                    "stream_id": stream_id,
+                    "user_id": state.user_id,
+                    "state": state.state,
+                    "last_active_ts": state.last_active_ts,
+                    "last_federation_update_ts": state.last_federation_update_ts,
+                    "last_user_sync_ts": state.last_user_sync_ts,
+                    "status_msg": state.status_msg,
+                    "currently_active": state.currently_active,
+                }
+                for state in presence_states
+            ],
+        )
+
+        # Delete old rows to stop database from getting really big
+        sql = "DELETE FROM presence_stream WHERE stream_id < ? AND "
+
+        for states in batch_iter(presence_states, 50):
+            clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
+                self.database_engine, "user_id", [s.user_id for s in states]
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql + clause, [stream_id] + list(args))
+
+    def get_all_presence_updates(self, last_id, current_id):
+        if last_id == current_id:
+            return defer.succeed([])
+
+        def get_all_presence_updates_txn(txn):
+            sql = (
+                "SELECT stream_id, user_id, state, last_active_ts,"
+                " last_federation_update_ts, last_user_sync_ts, status_msg,"
+                " currently_active"
+                " FROM presence_stream"
+                " WHERE ? < stream_id AND stream_id <= ?"
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, (last_id, current_id))
+            return txn.fetchall()
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_all_presence_updates", get_all_presence_updates_txn
+        )
+
+    @cached()
+    def _get_presence_for_user(self, user_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @cachedList(
+        cached_method_name="_get_presence_for_user",
+        list_name="user_ids",
+        num_args=1,
+        inlineCallbacks=True,
+    )
+    def get_presence_for_users(self, user_ids):
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
+            table="presence_stream",
+            column="user_id",
+            iterable=user_ids,
+            keyvalues={},
+            retcols=(
+                "user_id",
+                "state",
+                "last_active_ts",
+                "last_federation_update_ts",
+                "last_user_sync_ts",
+                "status_msg",
+                "currently_active",
+            ),
+            desc="get_presence_for_users",
+        )
+
+        for row in rows:
+            row["currently_active"] = bool(row["currently_active"])
+
+        return {row["user_id"]: UserPresenceState(**row) for row in rows}
+
+    def get_current_presence_token(self):
+        return self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token()
+
+    def allow_presence_visible(self, observed_localpart, observer_userid):
+        return self._simple_insert(
+            table="presence_allow_inbound",
+            values={
+                "observed_user_id": observed_localpart,
+                "observer_user_id": observer_userid,
+            },
+            desc="allow_presence_visible",
+            or_ignore=True,
+        )
+
+    def disallow_presence_visible(self, observed_localpart, observer_userid):
+        return self._simple_delete_one(
+            table="presence_allow_inbound",
+            keyvalues={
+                "observed_user_id": observed_localpart,
+                "observer_user_id": observer_userid,
+            },
+            desc="disallow_presence_visible",
+        )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/profile.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/profile.py
index 912c1df6be..e4e8a1c1d6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/profile.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/profile.py
@@ -16,9 +16,8 @@
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
-from synapse.storage.roommember import ProfileInfo
-
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.roommember import ProfileInfo
 
 
 class ProfileWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/push_rule.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/push_rule.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd95f1ce60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/push_rule.py
@@ -0,0 +1,713 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import abc
+import logging
+
+from canonicaljson import json
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+
+from synapse.push.baserules import list_with_base_rules
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.appservice import ApplicationServiceWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.pusher import PusherWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.receipts import ReceiptsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.roommember import RoomMemberWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.push_rule import InconsistentRuleException, RuleNotFoundException
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cachedInlineCallbacks, cachedList
+from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _load_rules(rawrules, enabled_map):
+    ruleslist = []
+    for rawrule in rawrules:
+        rule = dict(rawrule)
+        rule["conditions"] = json.loads(rawrule["conditions"])
+        rule["actions"] = json.loads(rawrule["actions"])
+        ruleslist.append(rule)
+
+    # We're going to be mutating this a lot, so do a deep copy
+    rules = list(list_with_base_rules(ruleslist))
+
+    for i, rule in enumerate(rules):
+        rule_id = rule["rule_id"]
+        if rule_id in enabled_map:
+            if rule.get("enabled", True) != bool(enabled_map[rule_id]):
+                # Rules are cached across users.
+                rule = dict(rule)
+                rule["enabled"] = bool(enabled_map[rule_id])
+                rules[i] = rule
+
+    return rules
+
+
+class PushRulesWorkerStore(
+    ApplicationServiceWorkerStore,
+    ReceiptsWorkerStore,
+    PusherWorkerStore,
+    RoomMemberWorkerStore,
+    SQLBaseStore,
+):
+    """This is an abstract base class where subclasses must implement
+    `get_max_push_rules_stream_id` which can be called in the initializer.
+    """
+
+    # This ABCMeta metaclass ensures that we cannot be instantiated without
+    # the abstract methods being implemented.
+    __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
+
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(PushRulesWorkerStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+
+        push_rules_prefill, push_rules_id = self._get_cache_dict(
+            db_conn,
+            "push_rules_stream",
+            entity_column="user_id",
+            stream_column="stream_id",
+            max_value=self.get_max_push_rules_stream_id(),
+        )
+
+        self.push_rules_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
+            "PushRulesStreamChangeCache",
+            push_rules_id,
+            prefilled_cache=push_rules_prefill,
+        )
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def get_max_push_rules_stream_id(self):
+        """Get the position of the push rules stream.
+
+        Returns:
+            int
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=5000)
+    def get_push_rules_for_user(self, user_id):
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_list(
+            table="push_rules",
+            keyvalues={"user_name": user_id},
+            retcols=(
+                "user_name",
+                "rule_id",
+                "priority_class",
+                "priority",
+                "conditions",
+                "actions",
+            ),
+            desc="get_push_rules_enabled_for_user",
+        )
+
+        rows.sort(key=lambda row: (-int(row["priority_class"]), -int(row["priority"])))
+
+        enabled_map = yield self.get_push_rules_enabled_for_user(user_id)
+
+        rules = _load_rules(rows, enabled_map)
+
+        return rules
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=5000)
+    def get_push_rules_enabled_for_user(self, user_id):
+        results = yield self._simple_select_list(
+            table="push_rules_enable",
+            keyvalues={"user_name": user_id},
+            retcols=("user_name", "rule_id", "enabled"),
+            desc="get_push_rules_enabled_for_user",
+        )
+        return {r["rule_id"]: False if r["enabled"] == 0 else True for r in results}
+
+    def have_push_rules_changed_for_user(self, user_id, last_id):
+        if not self.push_rules_stream_cache.has_entity_changed(user_id, last_id):
+            return defer.succeed(False)
+        else:
+
+            def have_push_rules_changed_txn(txn):
+                sql = (
+                    "SELECT COUNT(stream_id) FROM push_rules_stream"
+                    " WHERE user_id = ? AND ? < stream_id"
+                )
+                txn.execute(sql, (user_id, last_id))
+                count, = txn.fetchone()
+                return bool(count)
+
+            return self.runInteraction(
+                "have_push_rules_changed", have_push_rules_changed_txn
+            )
+
+    @cachedList(
+        cached_method_name="get_push_rules_for_user",
+        list_name="user_ids",
+        num_args=1,
+        inlineCallbacks=True,
+    )
+    def bulk_get_push_rules(self, user_ids):
+        if not user_ids:
+            return {}
+
+        results = {user_id: [] for user_id in user_ids}
+
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
+            table="push_rules",
+            column="user_name",
+            iterable=user_ids,
+            retcols=("*",),
+            desc="bulk_get_push_rules",
+        )
+
+        rows.sort(key=lambda row: (-int(row["priority_class"]), -int(row["priority"])))
+
+        for row in rows:
+            results.setdefault(row["user_name"], []).append(row)
+
+        enabled_map_by_user = yield self.bulk_get_push_rules_enabled(user_ids)
+
+        for user_id, rules in results.items():
+            results[user_id] = _load_rules(rules, enabled_map_by_user.get(user_id, {}))
+
+        return results
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def copy_push_rule_from_room_to_room(self, new_room_id, user_id, rule):
+        """Copy a single push rule from one room to another for a specific user.
+
+        Args:
+            new_room_id (str): ID of the new room.
+            user_id (str): ID of user the push rule belongs to.
+            rule (Dict): A push rule.
+        """
+        # Create new rule id
+        rule_id_scope = "/".join(rule["rule_id"].split("/")[:-1])
+        new_rule_id = rule_id_scope + "/" + new_room_id
+
+        # Change room id in each condition
+        for condition in rule.get("conditions", []):
+            if condition.get("key") == "room_id":
+                condition["pattern"] = new_room_id
+
+        # Add the rule for the new room
+        yield self.add_push_rule(
+            user_id=user_id,
+            rule_id=new_rule_id,
+            priority_class=rule["priority_class"],
+            conditions=rule["conditions"],
+            actions=rule["actions"],
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def copy_push_rules_from_room_to_room_for_user(
+        self, old_room_id, new_room_id, user_id
+    ):
+        """Copy all of the push rules from one room to another for a specific
+        user.
+
+        Args:
+            old_room_id (str): ID of the old room.
+            new_room_id (str): ID of the new room.
+            user_id (str): ID of user to copy push rules for.
+        """
+        # Retrieve push rules for this user
+        user_push_rules = yield self.get_push_rules_for_user(user_id)
+
+        # Get rules relating to the old room and copy them to the new room
+        for rule in user_push_rules:
+            conditions = rule.get("conditions", [])
+            if any(
+                (c.get("key") == "room_id" and c.get("pattern") == old_room_id)
+                for c in conditions
+            ):
+                yield self.copy_push_rule_from_room_to_room(new_room_id, user_id, rule)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def bulk_get_push_rules_for_room(self, event, context):
+        state_group = context.state_group
+        if not state_group:
+            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
+            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
+            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
+            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
+            state_group = object()
+
+        current_state_ids = yield context.get_current_state_ids(self)
+        result = yield self._bulk_get_push_rules_for_room(
+            event.room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, event=event
+        )
+        return result
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2, cache_context=True)
+    def _bulk_get_push_rules_for_room(
+        self, room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, cache_context, event=None
+    ):
+        # We don't use `state_group`, its there so that we can cache based
+        # on it. However, its important that its never None, since two current_state's
+        # with a state_group of None are likely to be different.
+        # See bulk_get_push_rules_for_room for how we work around this.
+        assert state_group is not None
+
+        # We also will want to generate notifs for other people in the room so
+        # their unread countss are correct in the event stream, but to avoid
+        # generating them for bot / AS users etc, we only do so for people who've
+        # sent a read receipt into the room.
+
+        users_in_room = yield self._get_joined_users_from_context(
+            room_id,
+            state_group,
+            current_state_ids,
+            on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate,
+            event=event,
+        )
+
+        # We ignore app service users for now. This is so that we don't fill
+        # up the `get_if_users_have_pushers` cache with AS entries that we
+        # know don't have pushers, nor even read receipts.
+        local_users_in_room = set(
+            u
+            for u in users_in_room
+            if self.hs.is_mine_id(u)
+            and not self.get_if_app_services_interested_in_user(u)
+        )
+
+        # users in the room who have pushers need to get push rules run because
+        # that's how their pushers work
+        if_users_with_pushers = yield self.get_if_users_have_pushers(
+            local_users_in_room, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
+        )
+        user_ids = set(
+            uid for uid, have_pusher in if_users_with_pushers.items() if have_pusher
+        )
+
+        users_with_receipts = yield self.get_users_with_read_receipts_in_room(
+            room_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
+        )
+
+        # any users with pushers must be ours: they have pushers
+        for uid in users_with_receipts:
+            if uid in local_users_in_room:
+                user_ids.add(uid)
+
+        rules_by_user = yield self.bulk_get_push_rules(
+            user_ids, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
+        )
+
+        rules_by_user = {k: v for k, v in rules_by_user.items() if v is not None}
+
+        return rules_by_user
+
+    @cachedList(
+        cached_method_name="get_push_rules_enabled_for_user",
+        list_name="user_ids",
+        num_args=1,
+        inlineCallbacks=True,
+    )
+    def bulk_get_push_rules_enabled(self, user_ids):
+        if not user_ids:
+            return {}
+
+        results = {user_id: {} for user_id in user_ids}
+
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
+            table="push_rules_enable",
+            column="user_name",
+            iterable=user_ids,
+            retcols=("user_name", "rule_id", "enabled"),
+            desc="bulk_get_push_rules_enabled",
+        )
+        for row in rows:
+            enabled = bool(row["enabled"])
+            results.setdefault(row["user_name"], {})[row["rule_id"]] = enabled
+        return results
+
+
+class PushRuleStore(PushRulesWorkerStore):
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def add_push_rule(
+        self,
+        user_id,
+        rule_id,
+        priority_class,
+        conditions,
+        actions,
+        before=None,
+        after=None,
+    ):
+        conditions_json = json.dumps(conditions)
+        actions_json = json.dumps(actions)
+        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
+            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
+            if before or after:
+                yield self.runInteraction(
+                    "_add_push_rule_relative_txn",
+                    self._add_push_rule_relative_txn,
+                    stream_id,
+                    event_stream_ordering,
+                    user_id,
+                    rule_id,
+                    priority_class,
+                    conditions_json,
+                    actions_json,
+                    before,
+                    after,
+                )
+            else:
+                yield self.runInteraction(
+                    "_add_push_rule_highest_priority_txn",
+                    self._add_push_rule_highest_priority_txn,
+                    stream_id,
+                    event_stream_ordering,
+                    user_id,
+                    rule_id,
+                    priority_class,
+                    conditions_json,
+                    actions_json,
+                )
+
+    def _add_push_rule_relative_txn(
+        self,
+        txn,
+        stream_id,
+        event_stream_ordering,
+        user_id,
+        rule_id,
+        priority_class,
+        conditions_json,
+        actions_json,
+        before,
+        after,
+    ):
+        # Lock the table since otherwise we'll have annoying races between the
+        # SELECT here and the UPSERT below.
+        self.database_engine.lock_table(txn, "push_rules")
+
+        relative_to_rule = before or after
+
+        res = self._simple_select_one_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="push_rules",
+            keyvalues={"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": relative_to_rule},
+            retcols=["priority_class", "priority"],
+            allow_none=True,
+        )
+
+        if not res:
+            raise RuleNotFoundException(
+                "before/after rule not found: %s" % (relative_to_rule,)
+            )
+
+        base_priority_class = res["priority_class"]
+        base_rule_priority = res["priority"]
+
+        if base_priority_class != priority_class:
+            raise InconsistentRuleException(
+                "Given priority class does not match class of relative rule"
+            )
+
+        if before:
+            # Higher priority rules are executed first, So adding a rule before
+            # a rule means giving it a higher priority than that rule.
+            new_rule_priority = base_rule_priority + 1
+        else:
+            # We increment the priority of the existing rules to make space for
+            # the new rule. Therefore if we want this rule to appear after
+            # an existing rule we give it the priority of the existing rule,
+            # and then increment the priority of the existing rule.
+            new_rule_priority = base_rule_priority
+
+        sql = (
+            "UPDATE push_rules SET priority = priority + 1"
+            " WHERE user_name = ? AND priority_class = ? AND priority >= ?"
+        )
+
+        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, priority_class, new_rule_priority))
+
+        self._upsert_push_rule_txn(
+            txn,
+            stream_id,
+            event_stream_ordering,
+            user_id,
+            rule_id,
+            priority_class,
+            new_rule_priority,
+            conditions_json,
+            actions_json,
+        )
+
+    def _add_push_rule_highest_priority_txn(
+        self,
+        txn,
+        stream_id,
+        event_stream_ordering,
+        user_id,
+        rule_id,
+        priority_class,
+        conditions_json,
+        actions_json,
+    ):
+        # Lock the table since otherwise we'll have annoying races between the
+        # SELECT here and the UPSERT below.
+        self.database_engine.lock_table(txn, "push_rules")
+
+        # find the highest priority rule in that class
+        sql = (
+            "SELECT COUNT(*), MAX(priority) FROM push_rules"
+            " WHERE user_name = ? and priority_class = ?"
+        )
+        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, priority_class))
+        res = txn.fetchall()
+        (how_many, highest_prio) = res[0]
+
+        new_prio = 0
+        if how_many > 0:
+            new_prio = highest_prio + 1
+
+        self._upsert_push_rule_txn(
+            txn,
+            stream_id,
+            event_stream_ordering,
+            user_id,
+            rule_id,
+            priority_class,
+            new_prio,
+            conditions_json,
+            actions_json,
+        )
+
+    def _upsert_push_rule_txn(
+        self,
+        txn,
+        stream_id,
+        event_stream_ordering,
+        user_id,
+        rule_id,
+        priority_class,
+        priority,
+        conditions_json,
+        actions_json,
+        update_stream=True,
+    ):
+        """Specialised version of _simple_upsert_txn that picks a push_rule_id
+        using the _push_rule_id_gen if it needs to insert the rule. It assumes
+        that the "push_rules" table is locked"""
+
+        sql = (
+            "UPDATE push_rules"
+            " SET priority_class = ?, priority = ?, conditions = ?, actions = ?"
+            " WHERE user_name = ? AND rule_id = ?"
+        )
+
+        txn.execute(
+            sql,
+            (priority_class, priority, conditions_json, actions_json, user_id, rule_id),
+        )
+
+        if txn.rowcount == 0:
+            # We didn't update a row with the given rule_id so insert one
+            push_rule_id = self._push_rule_id_gen.get_next()
+
+            self._simple_insert_txn(
+                txn,
+                table="push_rules",
+                values={
+                    "id": push_rule_id,
+                    "user_name": user_id,
+                    "rule_id": rule_id,
+                    "priority_class": priority_class,
+                    "priority": priority,
+                    "conditions": conditions_json,
+                    "actions": actions_json,
+                },
+            )
+
+        if update_stream:
+            self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
+                txn,
+                stream_id,
+                event_stream_ordering,
+                user_id,
+                rule_id,
+                op="ADD",
+                data={
+                    "priority_class": priority_class,
+                    "priority": priority,
+                    "conditions": conditions_json,
+                    "actions": actions_json,
+                },
+            )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def delete_push_rule(self, user_id, rule_id):
+        """
+        Delete a push rule. Args specify the row to be deleted and can be
+        any of the columns in the push_rule table, but below are the
+        standard ones
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): The matrix ID of the push rule owner
+            rule_id (str): The rule_id of the rule to be deleted
+        """
+
+        def delete_push_rule_txn(txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering):
+            self._simple_delete_one_txn(
+                txn, "push_rules", {"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": rule_id}
+            )
+
+            self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
+                txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id, op="DELETE"
+            )
+
+        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
+            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
+            yield self.runInteraction(
+                "delete_push_rule",
+                delete_push_rule_txn,
+                stream_id,
+                event_stream_ordering,
+            )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def set_push_rule_enabled(self, user_id, rule_id, enabled):
+        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
+            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
+            yield self.runInteraction(
+                "_set_push_rule_enabled_txn",
+                self._set_push_rule_enabled_txn,
+                stream_id,
+                event_stream_ordering,
+                user_id,
+                rule_id,
+                enabled,
+            )
+
+    def _set_push_rule_enabled_txn(
+        self, txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id, enabled
+    ):
+        new_id = self._push_rules_enable_id_gen.get_next()
+        self._simple_upsert_txn(
+            txn,
+            "push_rules_enable",
+            {"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": rule_id},
+            {"enabled": 1 if enabled else 0},
+            {"id": new_id},
+        )
+
+        self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
+            txn,
+            stream_id,
+            event_stream_ordering,
+            user_id,
+            rule_id,
+            op="ENABLE" if enabled else "DISABLE",
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def set_push_rule_actions(self, user_id, rule_id, actions, is_default_rule):
+        actions_json = json.dumps(actions)
+
+        def set_push_rule_actions_txn(txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering):
+            if is_default_rule:
+                # Add a dummy rule to the rules table with the user specified
+                # actions.
+                priority_class = -1
+                priority = 1
+                self._upsert_push_rule_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    stream_id,
+                    event_stream_ordering,
+                    user_id,
+                    rule_id,
+                    priority_class,
+                    priority,
+                    "[]",
+                    actions_json,
+                    update_stream=False,
+                )
+            else:
+                self._simple_update_one_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    "push_rules",
+                    {"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": rule_id},
+                    {"actions": actions_json},
+                )
+
+            self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
+                txn,
+                stream_id,
+                event_stream_ordering,
+                user_id,
+                rule_id,
+                op="ACTIONS",
+                data={"actions": actions_json},
+            )
+
+        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
+            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
+            yield self.runInteraction(
+                "set_push_rule_actions",
+                set_push_rule_actions_txn,
+                stream_id,
+                event_stream_ordering,
+            )
+
+    def _insert_push_rules_update_txn(
+        self, txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id, op, data=None
+    ):
+        values = {
+            "stream_id": stream_id,
+            "event_stream_ordering": event_stream_ordering,
+            "user_id": user_id,
+            "rule_id": rule_id,
+            "op": op,
+        }
+        if data is not None:
+            values.update(data)
+
+        self._simple_insert_txn(txn, "push_rules_stream", values=values)
+
+        txn.call_after(self.get_push_rules_for_user.invalidate, (user_id,))
+        txn.call_after(self.get_push_rules_enabled_for_user.invalidate, (user_id,))
+        txn.call_after(
+            self.push_rules_stream_cache.entity_has_changed, user_id, stream_id
+        )
+
+    def get_all_push_rule_updates(self, last_id, current_id, limit):
+        """Get all the push rules changes that have happend on the server"""
+        if last_id == current_id:
+            return defer.succeed([])
+
+        def get_all_push_rule_updates_txn(txn):
+            sql = (
+                "SELECT stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id,"
+                " op, priority_class, priority, conditions, actions"
+                " FROM push_rules_stream"
+                " WHERE ? < stream_id AND stream_id <= ?"
+                " ORDER BY stream_id ASC LIMIT ?"
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, (last_id, current_id, limit))
+            return txn.fetchall()
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_all_push_rule_updates", get_all_push_rule_updates_txn
+        )
+
+    def get_push_rules_stream_token(self):
+        """Get the position of the push rules stream.
+        Returns a pair of a stream id for the push_rules stream and the
+        room stream ordering it corresponds to."""
+        return self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_current_token()
+
+    def get_max_push_rules_stream_id(self):
+        return self.get_push_rules_stream_token()[0]
diff --git a/synapse/storage/pusher.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/pusher.py
index b12e80440a..f005c1ae0a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/pusher.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/pusher.py
@@ -22,10 +22,9 @@ from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json, json
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cachedInlineCallbacks, cachedList
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 if six.PY2:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/receipts.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/receipts.py
index 0c24430f28..0c24430f28 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/receipts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/receipts.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/registration.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/registration.py
index 6c5b29288a..6c5b29288a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/registration.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/registration.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/rejections.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/rejections.py
index f4c1c2a457..7d5de0ea2e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/rejections.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/rejections.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 import logging
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/relations.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/relations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..858f65582b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/relations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import logging
+
+import attr
+
+from synapse.api.constants import RelationTypes
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.stream import generate_pagination_where_clause
+from synapse.storage.relations import (
+    AggregationPaginationToken,
+    PaginationChunk,
+    RelationPaginationToken,
+)
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RelationsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
+    @cached(tree=True)
+    def get_relations_for_event(
+        self,
+        event_id,
+        relation_type=None,
+        event_type=None,
+        aggregation_key=None,
+        limit=5,
+        direction="b",
+        from_token=None,
+        to_token=None,
+    ):
+        """Get a list of relations for an event, ordered by topological ordering.
+
+        Args:
+            event_id (str): Fetch events that relate to this event ID.
+            relation_type (str|None): Only fetch events with this relation
+                type, if given.
+            event_type (str|None): Only fetch events with this event type, if
+                given.
+            aggregation_key (str|None): Only fetch events with this aggregation
+                key, if given.
+            limit (int): Only fetch the most recent `limit` events.
+            direction (str): Whether to fetch the most recent first (`"b"`) or
+                the oldest first (`"f"`).
+            from_token (RelationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows from the given
+                token, or from the start if None.
+            to_token (RelationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows up to the given
+                token, or up to the end if None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[PaginationChunk]: List of event IDs that match relations
+            requested. The rows are of the form `{"event_id": "..."}`.
+        """
+
+        where_clause = ["relates_to_id = ?"]
+        where_args = [event_id]
+
+        if relation_type is not None:
+            where_clause.append("relation_type = ?")
+            where_args.append(relation_type)
+
+        if event_type is not None:
+            where_clause.append("type = ?")
+            where_args.append(event_type)
+
+        if aggregation_key:
+            where_clause.append("aggregation_key = ?")
+            where_args.append(aggregation_key)
+
+        pagination_clause = generate_pagination_where_clause(
+            direction=direction,
+            column_names=("topological_ordering", "stream_ordering"),
+            from_token=attr.astuple(from_token) if from_token else None,
+            to_token=attr.astuple(to_token) if to_token else None,
+            engine=self.database_engine,
+        )
+
+        if pagination_clause:
+            where_clause.append(pagination_clause)
+
+        if direction == "b":
+            order = "DESC"
+        else:
+            order = "ASC"
+
+        sql = """
+            SELECT event_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering
+            FROM event_relations
+            INNER JOIN events USING (event_id)
+            WHERE %s
+            ORDER BY topological_ordering %s, stream_ordering %s
+            LIMIT ?
+        """ % (
+            " AND ".join(where_clause),
+            order,
+            order,
+        )
+
+        def _get_recent_references_for_event_txn(txn):
+            txn.execute(sql, where_args + [limit + 1])
+
+            last_topo_id = None
+            last_stream_id = None
+            events = []
+            for row in txn:
+                events.append({"event_id": row[0]})
+                last_topo_id = row[1]
+                last_stream_id = row[2]
+
+            next_batch = None
+            if len(events) > limit and last_topo_id and last_stream_id:
+                next_batch = RelationPaginationToken(last_topo_id, last_stream_id)
+
+            return PaginationChunk(
+                chunk=list(events[:limit]), next_batch=next_batch, prev_batch=from_token
+            )
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_recent_references_for_event", _get_recent_references_for_event_txn
+        )
+
+    @cached(tree=True)
+    def get_aggregation_groups_for_event(
+        self,
+        event_id,
+        event_type=None,
+        limit=5,
+        direction="b",
+        from_token=None,
+        to_token=None,
+    ):
+        """Get a list of annotations on the event, grouped by event type and
+        aggregation key, sorted by count.
+
+        This is used e.g. to get the what and how many reactions have happend
+        on an event.
+
+        Args:
+            event_id (str): Fetch events that relate to this event ID.
+            event_type (str|None): Only fetch events with this event type, if
+                given.
+            limit (int): Only fetch the `limit` groups.
+            direction (str): Whether to fetch the highest count first (`"b"`) or
+                the lowest count first (`"f"`).
+            from_token (AggregationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows from the
+                given token, or from the start if None.
+            to_token (AggregationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows up to the
+                given token, or up to the end if None.
+
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[PaginationChunk]: List of groups of annotations that
+            match. Each row is a dict with `type`, `key` and `count` fields.
+        """
+
+        where_clause = ["relates_to_id = ?", "relation_type = ?"]
+        where_args = [event_id, RelationTypes.ANNOTATION]
+
+        if event_type:
+            where_clause.append("type = ?")
+            where_args.append(event_type)
+
+        having_clause = generate_pagination_where_clause(
+            direction=direction,
+            column_names=("COUNT(*)", "MAX(stream_ordering)"),
+            from_token=attr.astuple(from_token) if from_token else None,
+            to_token=attr.astuple(to_token) if to_token else None,
+            engine=self.database_engine,
+        )
+
+        if direction == "b":
+            order = "DESC"
+        else:
+            order = "ASC"
+
+        if having_clause:
+            having_clause = "HAVING " + having_clause
+        else:
+            having_clause = ""
+
+        sql = """
+            SELECT type, aggregation_key, COUNT(DISTINCT sender), MAX(stream_ordering)
+            FROM event_relations
+            INNER JOIN events USING (event_id)
+            WHERE {where_clause}
+            GROUP BY relation_type, type, aggregation_key
+            {having_clause}
+            ORDER BY COUNT(*) {order}, MAX(stream_ordering) {order}
+            LIMIT ?
+        """.format(
+            where_clause=" AND ".join(where_clause),
+            order=order,
+            having_clause=having_clause,
+        )
+
+        def _get_aggregation_groups_for_event_txn(txn):
+            txn.execute(sql, where_args + [limit + 1])
+
+            next_batch = None
+            events = []
+            for row in txn:
+                events.append({"type": row[0], "key": row[1], "count": row[2]})
+                next_batch = AggregationPaginationToken(row[2], row[3])
+
+            if len(events) <= limit:
+                next_batch = None
+
+            return PaginationChunk(
+                chunk=list(events[:limit]), next_batch=next_batch, prev_batch=from_token
+            )
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_aggregation_groups_for_event", _get_aggregation_groups_for_event_txn
+        )
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks()
+    def get_applicable_edit(self, event_id):
+        """Get the most recent edit (if any) that has happened for the given
+        event.
+
+        Correctly handles checking whether edits were allowed to happen.
+
+        Args:
+            event_id (str): The original event ID
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[EventBase|None]: Returns the most recent edit, if any.
+        """
+
+        # We only allow edits for `m.room.message` events that have the same sender
+        # and event type. We can't assert these things during regular event auth so
+        # we have to do the checks post hoc.
+
+        # Fetches latest edit that has the same type and sender as the
+        # original, and is an `m.room.message`.
+        sql = """
+            SELECT edit.event_id FROM events AS edit
+            INNER JOIN event_relations USING (event_id)
+            INNER JOIN events AS original ON
+                original.event_id = relates_to_id
+                AND edit.type = original.type
+                AND edit.sender = original.sender
+            WHERE
+                relates_to_id = ?
+                AND relation_type = ?
+                AND edit.type = 'm.room.message'
+            ORDER by edit.origin_server_ts DESC, edit.event_id DESC
+            LIMIT 1
+        """
+
+        def _get_applicable_edit_txn(txn):
+            txn.execute(sql, (event_id, RelationTypes.REPLACE))
+            row = txn.fetchone()
+            if row:
+                return row[0]
+
+        edit_id = yield self.runInteraction(
+            "get_applicable_edit", _get_applicable_edit_txn
+        )
+
+        if not edit_id:
+            return
+
+        edit_event = yield self.get_event(edit_id, allow_none=True)
+        return edit_event
+
+    def has_user_annotated_event(self, parent_id, event_type, aggregation_key, sender):
+        """Check if a user has already annotated an event with the same key
+        (e.g. already liked an event).
+
+        Args:
+            parent_id (str): The event being annotated
+            event_type (str): The event type of the annotation
+            aggregation_key (str): The aggregation key of the annotation
+            sender (str): The sender of the annotation
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[bool]
+        """
+
+        sql = """
+            SELECT 1 FROM event_relations
+            INNER JOIN events USING (event_id)
+            WHERE
+                relates_to_id = ?
+                AND relation_type = ?
+                AND type = ?
+                AND sender = ?
+                AND aggregation_key = ?
+            LIMIT 1;
+        """
+
+        def _get_if_user_has_annotated_event(txn):
+            txn.execute(
+                sql,
+                (
+                    parent_id,
+                    RelationTypes.ANNOTATION,
+                    event_type,
+                    sender,
+                    aggregation_key,
+                ),
+            )
+
+            return bool(txn.fetchone())
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_if_user_has_annotated_event", _get_if_user_has_annotated_event
+        )
+
+
+class RelationsStore(RelationsWorkerStore):
+    def _handle_event_relations(self, txn, event):
+        """Handles inserting relation data during peristence of events
+
+        Args:
+            txn
+            event (EventBase)
+        """
+        relation = event.content.get("m.relates_to")
+        if not relation:
+            # No relations
+            return
+
+        rel_type = relation.get("rel_type")
+        if rel_type not in (
+            RelationTypes.ANNOTATION,
+            RelationTypes.REFERENCE,
+            RelationTypes.REPLACE,
+        ):
+            # Unknown relation type
+            return
+
+        parent_id = relation.get("event_id")
+        if not parent_id:
+            # Invalid relation
+            return
+
+        aggregation_key = relation.get("key")
+
+        self._simple_insert_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="event_relations",
+            values={
+                "event_id": event.event_id,
+                "relates_to_id": parent_id,
+                "relation_type": rel_type,
+                "aggregation_key": aggregation_key,
+            },
+        )
+
+        txn.call_after(self.get_relations_for_event.invalidate_many, (parent_id,))
+        txn.call_after(
+            self.get_aggregation_groups_for_event.invalidate_many, (parent_id,)
+        )
+
+        if rel_type == RelationTypes.REPLACE:
+            txn.call_after(self.get_applicable_edit.invalidate, (parent_id,))
+
+    def _handle_redaction(self, txn, redacted_event_id):
+        """Handles receiving a redaction and checking whether we need to remove
+        any redacted relations from the database.
+
+        Args:
+            txn
+            redacted_event_id (str): The event that was redacted.
+        """
+
+        self._simple_delete_txn(
+            txn, table="event_relations", keyvalues={"event_id": redacted_event_id}
+        )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/room.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/room.py
index 43cc56fa6f..4428e5c55d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/room.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/room.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import StoreError
 from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
-from synapse.storage.search import SearchStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.search import SearchStore
 from synapse.types import ThirdPartyInstanceID
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/roommember.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/roommember.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e47ab604dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/roommember.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1145 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import logging
+
+from six import iteritems, itervalues
+
+from canonicaljson import json
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership
+from synapse.metrics import LaterGauge
+from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
+from synapse.storage._base import LoggingTransaction, make_in_list_sql_clause
+from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.engines import Sqlite3Engine
+from synapse.storage.roommember import (
+    GetRoomsForUserWithStreamOrdering,
+    MemberSummary,
+    ProfileInfo,
+    RoomsForUser,
+)
+from synapse.types import get_domain_from_id
+from synapse.util.async_helpers import Linearizer
+from synapse.util.caches import intern_string
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks, cachedList
+from synapse.util.metrics import Measure
+from synapse.util.stringutils import to_ascii
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+_MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME = "room_membership_profile_update"
+_CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME = "current_state_events_membership"
+
+
+class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(RoomMemberWorkerStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+
+        # Is the current_state_events.membership up to date? Or is the
+        # background update still running?
+        self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date = False
+
+        txn = LoggingTransaction(
+            db_conn.cursor(),
+            name="_check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated",
+            database_engine=self.database_engine,
+        )
+        self._check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated_txn(txn)
+        txn.close()
+
+        if self.hs.config.metrics_flags.known_servers:
+            self._known_servers_count = 1
+            self.hs.get_clock().looping_call(
+                run_as_background_process,
+                60 * 1000,
+                "_count_known_servers",
+                self._count_known_servers,
+            )
+            self.hs.get_clock().call_later(
+                1000,
+                run_as_background_process,
+                "_count_known_servers",
+                self._count_known_servers,
+            )
+            LaterGauge(
+                "synapse_federation_known_servers",
+                "",
+                [],
+                lambda: self._known_servers_count,
+            )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _count_known_servers(self):
+        """
+        Count the servers that this server knows about.
+
+        The statistic is stored on the class for the
+        `synapse_federation_known_servers` LaterGauge to collect.
+        """
+
+        def _transact(txn):
+            if isinstance(self.database_engine, Sqlite3Engine):
+                query = """
+                    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT substr(out.user_id, pos+1))
+                    FROM (
+                        SELECT rm.user_id as user_id, instr(rm.user_id, ':')
+                            AS pos FROM room_memberships as rm
+                        INNER JOIN current_state_events as c ON rm.event_id = c.event_id
+                        WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member'
+                    ) as out
+                """
+            else:
+                query = """
+                    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT split_part(state_key, ':', 2))
+                    FROM current_state_events
+                    WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND membership = 'join';
+                """
+            txn.execute(query)
+            return list(txn)[0][0]
+
+        count = yield self.runInteraction("get_known_servers", _transact)
+
+        # We always know about ourselves, even if we have nothing in
+        # room_memberships (for example, the server is new).
+        self._known_servers_count = max([count, 1])
+        return self._known_servers_count
+
+    def _check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated_txn(self, txn):
+        """Checks if it is safe to assume the new current_state_events
+        membership column is up to date
+        """
+
+        pending_update = self._simple_select_one_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="background_updates",
+            keyvalues={"update_name": _CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME},
+            retcols=["update_name"],
+            allow_none=True,
+        )
+
+        self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date = not pending_update
+
+        # If the update is still running, reschedule to run.
+        if pending_update:
+            self._clock.call_later(
+                15.0,
+                run_as_background_process,
+                "_check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated",
+                self.runInteraction,
+                "_check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated",
+                self._check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated_txn,
+            )
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=100000, iterable=True, cache_context=True)
+    def get_hosts_in_room(self, room_id, cache_context):
+        """Returns the set of all hosts currently in the room
+        """
+        user_ids = yield self.get_users_in_room(
+            room_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
+        )
+        hosts = frozenset(get_domain_from_id(user_id) for user_id in user_ids)
+        return hosts
+
+    @cached(max_entries=100000, iterable=True)
+    def get_users_in_room(self, room_id):
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_users_in_room", self.get_users_in_room_txn, room_id
+        )
+
+    def get_users_in_room_txn(self, txn, room_id):
+        # If we can assume current_state_events.membership is up to date
+        # then we can avoid a join, which is a Very Good Thing given how
+        # frequently this function gets called.
+        if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
+            sql = """
+                SELECT state_key FROM current_state_events
+                WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND room_id = ? AND membership = ?
+            """
+        else:
+            sql = """
+                SELECT state_key FROM room_memberships as m
+                INNER JOIN current_state_events as c
+                ON m.event_id = c.event_id
+                AND m.room_id = c.room_id
+                AND m.user_id = c.state_key
+                WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ? AND m.membership = ?
+            """
+
+        txn.execute(sql, (room_id, Membership.JOIN))
+        return [to_ascii(r[0]) for r in txn]
+
+    @cached(max_entries=100000)
+    def get_room_summary(self, room_id):
+        """ Get the details of a room roughly suitable for use by the room
+        summary extension to /sync. Useful when lazy loading room members.
+        Args:
+            room_id (str): The room ID to query
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[str, MemberSummary]:
+                dict of membership states, pointing to a MemberSummary named tuple.
+        """
+
+        def _get_room_summary_txn(txn):
+            # first get counts.
+            # We do this all in one transaction to keep the cache small.
+            # FIXME: get rid of this when we have room_stats
+
+            # If we can assume current_state_events.membership is up to date
+            # then we can avoid a join, which is a Very Good Thing given how
+            # frequently this function gets called.
+            if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
+                # Note, rejected events will have a null membership field, so
+                # we we manually filter them out.
+                sql = """
+                    SELECT count(*), membership FROM current_state_events
+                    WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND room_id = ?
+                        AND membership IS NOT NULL
+                    GROUP BY membership
+                """
+            else:
+                sql = """
+                    SELECT count(*), m.membership FROM room_memberships as m
+                    INNER JOIN current_state_events as c
+                    ON m.event_id = c.event_id
+                    AND m.room_id = c.room_id
+                    AND m.user_id = c.state_key
+                    WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ?
+                    GROUP BY m.membership
+                """
+
+            txn.execute(sql, (room_id,))
+            res = {}
+            for count, membership in txn:
+                summary = res.setdefault(to_ascii(membership), MemberSummary([], count))
+
+            # we order by membership and then fairly arbitrarily by event_id so
+            # heroes are consistent
+            if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
+                # Note, rejected events will have a null membership field, so
+                # we we manually filter them out.
+                sql = """
+                    SELECT state_key, membership, event_id
+                    FROM current_state_events
+                    WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND room_id = ?
+                        AND membership IS NOT NULL
+                    ORDER BY
+                        CASE membership WHEN ? THEN 1 WHEN ? THEN 2 ELSE 3 END ASC,
+                        event_id ASC
+                    LIMIT ?
+                """
+            else:
+                sql = """
+                    SELECT c.state_key, m.membership, c.event_id
+                    FROM room_memberships as m
+                    INNER JOIN current_state_events as c USING (room_id, event_id)
+                    WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ?
+                    ORDER BY
+                        CASE m.membership WHEN ? THEN 1 WHEN ? THEN 2 ELSE 3 END ASC,
+                        c.event_id ASC
+                    LIMIT ?
+                """
+
+            # 6 is 5 (number of heroes) plus 1, in case one of them is the calling user.
+            txn.execute(sql, (room_id, Membership.JOIN, Membership.INVITE, 6))
+            for user_id, membership, event_id in txn:
+                summary = res[to_ascii(membership)]
+                # we will always have a summary for this membership type at this
+                # point given the summary currently contains the counts.
+                members = summary.members
+                members.append((to_ascii(user_id), to_ascii(event_id)))
+
+            return res
+
+        return self.runInteraction("get_room_summary", _get_room_summary_txn)
+
+    def _get_user_counts_in_room_txn(self, txn, room_id):
+        """
+        Get the user count in a room by membership.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+            membership (Membership)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[int]
+        """
+        sql = """
+        SELECT m.membership, count(*) FROM room_memberships as m
+            INNER JOIN current_state_events as c USING(event_id)
+            WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ?
+            GROUP BY m.membership
+        """
+
+        txn.execute(sql, (room_id,))
+        return {row[0]: row[1] for row in txn}
+
+    @cached()
+    def get_invited_rooms_for_user(self, user_id):
+        """ Get all the rooms the user is invited to
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): The user ID.
+        Returns:
+            A deferred list of RoomsForUser.
+        """
+
+        return self.get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is(user_id, [Membership.INVITE])
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_invite_for_user_in_room(self, user_id, room_id):
+        """Gets the invite for the given user and room
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str)
+            room_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred: Resolves to either a RoomsForUser or None if no invite was
+                found.
+        """
+        invites = yield self.get_invited_rooms_for_user(user_id)
+        for invite in invites:
+            if invite.room_id == room_id:
+                return invite
+        return None
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is(self, user_id, membership_list):
+        """ Get all the rooms for this user where the membership for this user
+        matches one in the membership list.
+
+        Filters out forgotten rooms.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str): The user ID.
+            membership_list (list): A list of synapse.api.constants.Membership
+            values which the user must be in.
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[list[RoomsForUser]]
+        """
+        if not membership_list:
+            return defer.succeed(None)
+
+        rooms = yield self.runInteraction(
+            "get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is",
+            self._get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is_txn,
+            user_id,
+            membership_list,
+        )
+
+        # Now we filter out forgotten rooms
+        forgotten_rooms = yield self.get_forgotten_rooms_for_user(user_id)
+        return [room for room in rooms if room.room_id not in forgotten_rooms]
+
+    def _get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is_txn(
+        self, txn, user_id, membership_list
+    ):
+
+        do_invite = Membership.INVITE in membership_list
+        membership_list = [m for m in membership_list if m != Membership.INVITE]
+
+        results = []
+        if membership_list:
+            if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
+                clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
+                    self.database_engine, "c.membership", membership_list
+                )
+                sql = """
+                    SELECT room_id, e.sender, c.membership, event_id, e.stream_ordering
+                    FROM current_state_events AS c
+                    INNER JOIN events AS e USING (room_id, event_id)
+                    WHERE
+                        c.type = 'm.room.member'
+                        AND state_key = ?
+                        AND %s
+                """ % (
+                    clause,
+                )
+            else:
+                clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
+                    self.database_engine, "m.membership", membership_list
+                )
+                sql = """
+                    SELECT room_id, e.sender, m.membership, event_id, e.stream_ordering
+                    FROM current_state_events AS c
+                    INNER JOIN room_memberships AS m USING (room_id, event_id)
+                    INNER JOIN events AS e USING (room_id, event_id)
+                    WHERE
+                        c.type = 'm.room.member'
+                        AND state_key = ?
+                        AND %s
+                """ % (
+                    clause,
+                )
+
+            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, *args))
+            results = [RoomsForUser(**r) for r in self.cursor_to_dict(txn)]
+
+        if do_invite:
+            sql = (
+                "SELECT i.room_id, inviter, i.event_id, e.stream_ordering"
+                " FROM local_invites as i"
+                " INNER JOIN events as e USING (event_id)"
+                " WHERE invitee = ? AND locally_rejected is NULL"
+                " AND replaced_by is NULL"
+            )
+
+            txn.execute(sql, (user_id,))
+            results.extend(
+                RoomsForUser(
+                    room_id=r["room_id"],
+                    sender=r["inviter"],
+                    event_id=r["event_id"],
+                    stream_ordering=r["stream_ordering"],
+                    membership=Membership.INVITE,
+                )
+                for r in self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+            )
+
+        return results
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=500000, iterable=True)
+    def get_rooms_for_user_with_stream_ordering(self, user_id):
+        """Returns a set of room_ids the user is currently joined to
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[frozenset[GetRoomsForUserWithStreamOrdering]]: Returns
+            the rooms the user is in currently, along with the stream ordering
+            of the most recent join for that user and room.
+        """
+        rooms = yield self.get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is(
+            user_id, membership_list=[Membership.JOIN]
+        )
+        return frozenset(
+            GetRoomsForUserWithStreamOrdering(r.room_id, r.stream_ordering)
+            for r in rooms
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_rooms_for_user(self, user_id, on_invalidate=None):
+        """Returns a set of room_ids the user is currently joined to
+        """
+        rooms = yield self.get_rooms_for_user_with_stream_ordering(
+            user_id, on_invalidate=on_invalidate
+        )
+        return frozenset(r.room_id for r in rooms)
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=500000, cache_context=True, iterable=True)
+    def get_users_who_share_room_with_user(self, user_id, cache_context):
+        """Returns the set of users who share a room with `user_id`
+        """
+        room_ids = yield self.get_rooms_for_user(
+            user_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
+        )
+
+        user_who_share_room = set()
+        for room_id in room_ids:
+            user_ids = yield self.get_users_in_room(
+                room_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
+            )
+            user_who_share_room.update(user_ids)
+
+        return user_who_share_room
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_joined_users_from_context(self, event, context):
+        state_group = context.state_group
+        if not state_group:
+            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
+            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
+            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
+            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
+            state_group = object()
+
+        current_state_ids = yield context.get_current_state_ids(self)
+        result = yield self._get_joined_users_from_context(
+            event.room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, event=event, context=context
+        )
+        return result
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_joined_users_from_state(self, room_id, state_entry):
+        state_group = state_entry.state_group
+        if not state_group:
+            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
+            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
+            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
+            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
+            state_group = object()
+
+        with Measure(self._clock, "get_joined_users_from_state"):
+            return (
+                yield self._get_joined_users_from_context(
+                    room_id, state_group, state_entry.state, context=state_entry
+                )
+            )
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(
+        num_args=2, cache_context=True, iterable=True, max_entries=100000
+    )
+    def _get_joined_users_from_context(
+        self,
+        room_id,
+        state_group,
+        current_state_ids,
+        cache_context,
+        event=None,
+        context=None,
+    ):
+        # We don't use `state_group`, it's there so that we can cache based
+        # on it. However, it's important that it's never None, since two current_states
+        # with a state_group of None are likely to be different.
+        # See bulk_get_push_rules_for_room for how we work around this.
+        assert state_group is not None
+
+        users_in_room = {}
+        member_event_ids = [
+            e_id
+            for key, e_id in iteritems(current_state_ids)
+            if key[0] == EventTypes.Member
+        ]
+
+        if context is not None:
+            # If we have a context with a delta from a previous state group,
+            # check if we also have the result from the previous group in cache.
+            # If we do then we can reuse that result and simply update it with
+            # any membership changes in `delta_ids`
+            if context.prev_group and context.delta_ids:
+                prev_res = self._get_joined_users_from_context.cache.get(
+                    (room_id, context.prev_group), None
+                )
+                if prev_res and isinstance(prev_res, dict):
+                    users_in_room = dict(prev_res)
+                    member_event_ids = [
+                        e_id
+                        for key, e_id in iteritems(context.delta_ids)
+                        if key[0] == EventTypes.Member
+                    ]
+                    for etype, state_key in context.delta_ids:
+                        users_in_room.pop(state_key, None)
+
+        # We check if we have any of the member event ids in the event cache
+        # before we ask the DB
+
+        # We don't update the event cache hit ratio as it completely throws off
+        # the hit ratio counts. After all, we don't populate the cache if we
+        # miss it here
+        event_map = self._get_events_from_cache(
+            member_event_ids, allow_rejected=False, update_metrics=False
+        )
+
+        missing_member_event_ids = []
+        for event_id in member_event_ids:
+            ev_entry = event_map.get(event_id)
+            if ev_entry:
+                if ev_entry.event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+                    users_in_room[to_ascii(ev_entry.event.state_key)] = ProfileInfo(
+                        display_name=to_ascii(
+                            ev_entry.event.content.get("displayname", None)
+                        ),
+                        avatar_url=to_ascii(
+                            ev_entry.event.content.get("avatar_url", None)
+                        ),
+                    )
+            else:
+                missing_member_event_ids.append(event_id)
+
+        if missing_member_event_ids:
+            event_to_memberships = yield self._get_joined_profiles_from_event_ids(
+                missing_member_event_ids
+            )
+            users_in_room.update((row for row in event_to_memberships.values() if row))
+
+        if event is not None and event.type == EventTypes.Member:
+            if event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+                if event.event_id in member_event_ids:
+                    users_in_room[to_ascii(event.state_key)] = ProfileInfo(
+                        display_name=to_ascii(event.content.get("displayname", None)),
+                        avatar_url=to_ascii(event.content.get("avatar_url", None)),
+                    )
+
+        return users_in_room
+
+    @cached(max_entries=10000)
+    def _get_joined_profile_from_event_id(self, event_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @cachedList(
+        cached_method_name="_get_joined_profile_from_event_id",
+        list_name="event_ids",
+        inlineCallbacks=True,
+    )
+    def _get_joined_profiles_from_event_ids(self, event_ids):
+        """For given set of member event_ids check if they point to a join
+        event and if so return the associated user and profile info.
+
+        Args:
+            event_ids (Iterable[str]): The member event IDs to lookup
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[str, Tuple[str, ProfileInfo]|None]]: Map from event ID
+            to `user_id` and ProfileInfo (or None if not join event).
+        """
+
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
+            table="room_memberships",
+            column="event_id",
+            iterable=event_ids,
+            retcols=("user_id", "display_name", "avatar_url", "event_id"),
+            keyvalues={"membership": Membership.JOIN},
+            batch_size=500,
+            desc="_get_membership_from_event_ids",
+        )
+
+        return {
+            row["event_id"]: (
+                row["user_id"],
+                ProfileInfo(
+                    avatar_url=row["avatar_url"], display_name=row["display_name"]
+                ),
+            )
+            for row in rows
+        }
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=10000)
+    def is_host_joined(self, room_id, host):
+        if "%" in host or "_" in host:
+            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
+
+        sql = """
+            SELECT state_key FROM current_state_events AS c
+            INNER JOIN room_memberships AS m USING (event_id)
+            WHERE m.membership = 'join'
+                AND type = 'm.room.member'
+                AND c.room_id = ?
+                AND state_key LIKE ?
+            LIMIT 1
+        """
+
+        # We do need to be careful to ensure that host doesn't have any wild cards
+        # in it, but we checked above for known ones and we'll check below that
+        # the returned user actually has the correct domain.
+        like_clause = "%:" + host
+
+        rows = yield self._execute("is_host_joined", None, sql, room_id, like_clause)
+
+        if not rows:
+            return False
+
+        user_id = rows[0][0]
+        if get_domain_from_id(user_id) != host:
+            # This can only happen if the host name has something funky in it
+            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
+
+        return True
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks()
+    def was_host_joined(self, room_id, host):
+        """Check whether the server is or ever was in the room.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+            host (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred: Resolves to True if the host is/was in the room, otherwise
+            False.
+        """
+        if "%" in host or "_" in host:
+            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
+
+        sql = """
+            SELECT user_id FROM room_memberships
+            WHERE room_id = ?
+                AND user_id LIKE ?
+                AND membership = 'join'
+            LIMIT 1
+        """
+
+        # We do need to be careful to ensure that host doesn't have any wild cards
+        # in it, but we checked above for known ones and we'll check below that
+        # the returned user actually has the correct domain.
+        like_clause = "%:" + host
+
+        rows = yield self._execute("was_host_joined", None, sql, room_id, like_clause)
+
+        if not rows:
+            return False
+
+        user_id = rows[0][0]
+        if get_domain_from_id(user_id) != host:
+            # This can only happen if the host name has something funky in it
+            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
+
+        return True
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_joined_hosts(self, room_id, state_entry):
+        state_group = state_entry.state_group
+        if not state_group:
+            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
+            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
+            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
+            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
+            state_group = object()
+
+        with Measure(self._clock, "get_joined_hosts"):
+            return (
+                yield self._get_joined_hosts(
+                    room_id, state_group, state_entry.state, state_entry=state_entry
+                )
+            )
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2, max_entries=10000, iterable=True)
+    # @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _get_joined_hosts(self, room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, state_entry):
+        # We don't use `state_group`, its there so that we can cache based
+        # on it. However, its important that its never None, since two current_state's
+        # with a state_group of None are likely to be different.
+        # See bulk_get_push_rules_for_room for how we work around this.
+        assert state_group is not None
+
+        cache = self._get_joined_hosts_cache(room_id)
+        joined_hosts = yield cache.get_destinations(state_entry)
+
+        return joined_hosts
+
+    @cached(max_entries=10000)
+    def _get_joined_hosts_cache(self, room_id):
+        return _JoinedHostsCache(self, room_id)
+
+    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2)
+    def did_forget(self, user_id, room_id):
+        """Returns whether user_id has elected to discard history for room_id.
+
+        Returns False if they have since re-joined."""
+
+        def f(txn):
+            sql = (
+                "SELECT"
+                "  COUNT(*)"
+                " FROM"
+                "  room_memberships"
+                " WHERE"
+                "  user_id = ?"
+                " AND"
+                "  room_id = ?"
+                " AND"
+                "  forgotten = 0"
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
+            rows = txn.fetchall()
+            return rows[0][0]
+
+        count = yield self.runInteraction("did_forget_membership", f)
+        return count == 0
+
+    @cached()
+    def get_forgotten_rooms_for_user(self, user_id):
+        """Gets all rooms the user has forgotten.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[set[str]]
+        """
+
+        def _get_forgotten_rooms_for_user_txn(txn):
+            # This is a slightly convoluted query that first looks up all rooms
+            # that the user has forgotten in the past, then rechecks that list
+            # to see if any have subsequently been updated. This is done so that
+            # we can use a partial index on `forgotten = 1` on the assumption
+            # that few users will actually forget many rooms.
+            #
+            # Note that a room is considered "forgotten" if *all* membership
+            # events for that user and room have the forgotten field set (as
+            # when a user forgets a room we update all rows for that user and
+            # room, not just the current one).
+            sql = """
+                SELECT room_id, (
+                    SELECT count(*) FROM room_memberships
+                    WHERE room_id = m.room_id AND user_id = m.user_id AND forgotten = 0
+                ) AS count
+                FROM room_memberships AS m
+                WHERE user_id = ? AND forgotten = 1
+                GROUP BY room_id, user_id;
+            """
+            txn.execute(sql, (user_id,))
+            return set(row[0] for row in txn if row[1] == 0)
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_forgotten_rooms_for_user", _get_forgotten_rooms_for_user_txn
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_rooms_user_has_been_in(self, user_id):
+        """Get all rooms that the user has ever been in.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[set[str]]: Set of room IDs.
+        """
+
+        room_ids = yield self._simple_select_onecol(
+            table="room_memberships",
+            keyvalues={"membership": Membership.JOIN, "user_id": user_id},
+            retcol="room_id",
+            desc="get_rooms_user_has_been_in",
+        )
+
+        return set(room_ids)
+
+
+class RoomMemberBackgroundUpdateStore(BackgroundUpdateStore):
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(RoomMemberBackgroundUpdateStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+        self.register_background_update_handler(
+            _MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME, self._background_add_membership_profile
+        )
+        self.register_background_update_handler(
+            _CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME,
+            self._background_current_state_membership,
+        )
+        self.register_background_index_update(
+            "room_membership_forgotten_idx",
+            index_name="room_memberships_user_room_forgotten",
+            table="room_memberships",
+            columns=["user_id", "room_id"],
+            where_clause="forgotten = 1",
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _background_add_membership_profile(self, progress, batch_size):
+        target_min_stream_id = progress.get(
+            "target_min_stream_id_inclusive", self._min_stream_order_on_start
+        )
+        max_stream_id = progress.get(
+            "max_stream_id_exclusive", self._stream_order_on_start + 1
+        )
+
+        INSERT_CLUMP_SIZE = 1000
+
+        def add_membership_profile_txn(txn):
+            sql = """
+                SELECT stream_ordering, event_id, events.room_id, event_json.json
+                FROM events
+                INNER JOIN event_json USING (event_id)
+                INNER JOIN room_memberships USING (event_id)
+                WHERE ? <= stream_ordering AND stream_ordering < ?
+                AND type = 'm.room.member'
+                ORDER BY stream_ordering DESC
+                LIMIT ?
+            """
+
+            txn.execute(sql, (target_min_stream_id, max_stream_id, batch_size))
+
+            rows = self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
+            if not rows:
+                return 0
+
+            min_stream_id = rows[-1]["stream_ordering"]
+
+            to_update = []
+            for row in rows:
+                event_id = row["event_id"]
+                room_id = row["room_id"]
+                try:
+                    event_json = json.loads(row["json"])
+                    content = event_json["content"]
+                except Exception:
+                    continue
+
+                display_name = content.get("displayname", None)
+                avatar_url = content.get("avatar_url", None)
+
+                if display_name or avatar_url:
+                    to_update.append((display_name, avatar_url, event_id, room_id))
+
+            to_update_sql = """
+                UPDATE room_memberships SET display_name = ?, avatar_url = ?
+                WHERE event_id = ? AND room_id = ?
+            """
+            for index in range(0, len(to_update), INSERT_CLUMP_SIZE):
+                clump = to_update[index : index + INSERT_CLUMP_SIZE]
+                txn.executemany(to_update_sql, clump)
+
+            progress = {
+                "target_min_stream_id_inclusive": target_min_stream_id,
+                "max_stream_id_exclusive": min_stream_id,
+            }
+
+            self._background_update_progress_txn(
+                txn, _MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME, progress
+            )
+
+            return len(rows)
+
+        result = yield self.runInteraction(
+            _MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME, add_membership_profile_txn
+        )
+
+        if not result:
+            yield self._end_background_update(_MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME)
+
+        return result
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _background_current_state_membership(self, progress, batch_size):
+        """Update the new membership column on current_state_events.
+
+        This works by iterating over all rooms in alphebetical order.
+        """
+
+        def _background_current_state_membership_txn(txn, last_processed_room):
+            processed = 0
+            while processed < batch_size:
+                txn.execute(
+                    """
+                        SELECT MIN(room_id) FROM current_state_events WHERE room_id > ?
+                    """,
+                    (last_processed_room,),
+                )
+                row = txn.fetchone()
+                if not row or not row[0]:
+                    return processed, True
+
+                next_room, = row
+
+                sql = """
+                    UPDATE current_state_events
+                    SET membership = (
+                        SELECT membership FROM room_memberships
+                        WHERE event_id = current_state_events.event_id
+                    )
+                    WHERE room_id = ?
+                """
+                txn.execute(sql, (next_room,))
+                processed += txn.rowcount
+
+                last_processed_room = next_room
+
+            self._background_update_progress_txn(
+                txn,
+                _CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME,
+                {"last_processed_room": last_processed_room},
+            )
+
+            return processed, False
+
+        # If we haven't got a last processed room then just use the empty
+        # string, which will compare before all room IDs correctly.
+        last_processed_room = progress.get("last_processed_room", "")
+
+        row_count, finished = yield self.runInteraction(
+            "_background_current_state_membership_update",
+            _background_current_state_membership_txn,
+            last_processed_room,
+        )
+
+        if finished:
+            yield self._end_background_update(_CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME)
+
+        return row_count
+
+
+class RoomMemberStore(RoomMemberWorkerStore, RoomMemberBackgroundUpdateStore):
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(RoomMemberStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+
+    def _store_room_members_txn(self, txn, events, backfilled):
+        """Store a room member in the database.
+        """
+        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="room_memberships",
+            values=[
+                {
+                    "event_id": event.event_id,
+                    "user_id": event.state_key,
+                    "sender": event.user_id,
+                    "room_id": event.room_id,
+                    "membership": event.membership,
+                    "display_name": event.content.get("displayname", None),
+                    "avatar_url": event.content.get("avatar_url", None),
+                }
+                for event in events
+            ],
+        )
+
+        for event in events:
+            txn.call_after(
+                self._membership_stream_cache.entity_has_changed,
+                event.state_key,
+                event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
+            )
+            txn.call_after(
+                self.get_invited_rooms_for_user.invalidate, (event.state_key,)
+            )
+
+            # We update the local_invites table only if the event is "current",
+            # i.e., its something that has just happened. If the event is an
+            # outlier it is only current if its an "out of band membership",
+            # like a remote invite or a rejection of a remote invite.
+            is_new_state = not backfilled and (
+                not event.internal_metadata.is_outlier()
+                or event.internal_metadata.is_out_of_band_membership()
+            )
+            is_mine = self.hs.is_mine_id(event.state_key)
+            if is_new_state and is_mine:
+                if event.membership == Membership.INVITE:
+                    self._simple_insert_txn(
+                        txn,
+                        table="local_invites",
+                        values={
+                            "event_id": event.event_id,
+                            "invitee": event.state_key,
+                            "inviter": event.sender,
+                            "room_id": event.room_id,
+                            "stream_id": event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
+                        },
+                    )
+                else:
+                    sql = (
+                        "UPDATE local_invites SET stream_id = ?, replaced_by = ? WHERE"
+                        " room_id = ? AND invitee = ? AND locally_rejected is NULL"
+                        " AND replaced_by is NULL"
+                    )
+
+                    txn.execute(
+                        sql,
+                        (
+                            event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
+                            event.event_id,
+                            event.room_id,
+                            event.state_key,
+                        ),
+                    )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def locally_reject_invite(self, user_id, room_id):
+        sql = (
+            "UPDATE local_invites SET stream_id = ?, locally_rejected = ? WHERE"
+            " room_id = ? AND invitee = ? AND locally_rejected is NULL"
+            " AND replaced_by is NULL"
+        )
+
+        def f(txn, stream_ordering):
+            txn.execute(sql, (stream_ordering, True, room_id, user_id))
+
+        with self._stream_id_gen.get_next() as stream_ordering:
+            yield self.runInteraction("locally_reject_invite", f, stream_ordering)
+
+    def forget(self, user_id, room_id):
+        """Indicate that user_id wishes to discard history for room_id."""
+
+        def f(txn):
+            sql = (
+                "UPDATE"
+                "  room_memberships"
+                " SET"
+                "  forgotten = 1"
+                " WHERE"
+                "  user_id = ?"
+                " AND"
+                "  room_id = ?"
+            )
+            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
+
+            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(txn, self.did_forget, (user_id, room_id))
+            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
+                txn, self.get_forgotten_rooms_for_user, (user_id,)
+            )
+
+        return self.runInteraction("forget_membership", f)
+
+
+class _JoinedHostsCache(object):
+    """Cache for joined hosts in a room that is optimised to handle updates
+    via state deltas.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, store, room_id):
+        self.store = store
+        self.room_id = room_id
+
+        self.hosts_to_joined_users = {}
+
+        self.state_group = object()
+
+        self.linearizer = Linearizer("_JoinedHostsCache")
+
+        self._len = 0
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_destinations(self, state_entry):
+        """Get set of destinations for a state entry
+
+        Args:
+            state_entry(synapse.state._StateCacheEntry)
+        """
+        if state_entry.state_group == self.state_group:
+            return frozenset(self.hosts_to_joined_users)
+
+        with (yield self.linearizer.queue(())):
+            if state_entry.state_group == self.state_group:
+                pass
+            elif state_entry.prev_group == self.state_group:
+                for (typ, state_key), event_id in iteritems(state_entry.delta_ids):
+                    if typ != EventTypes.Member:
+                        continue
+
+                    host = intern_string(get_domain_from_id(state_key))
+                    user_id = state_key
+                    known_joins = self.hosts_to_joined_users.setdefault(host, set())
+
+                    event = yield self.store.get_event(event_id)
+                    if event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+                        known_joins.add(user_id)
+                    else:
+                        known_joins.discard(user_id)
+
+                        if not known_joins:
+                            self.hosts_to_joined_users.pop(host, None)
+            else:
+                joined_users = yield self.store.get_joined_users_from_state(
+                    self.room_id, state_entry
+                )
+
+                self.hosts_to_joined_users = {}
+                for user_id in joined_users:
+                    host = intern_string(get_domain_from_id(user_id))
+                    self.hosts_to_joined_users.setdefault(host, set()).add(user_id)
+
+            if state_entry.state_group:
+                self.state_group = state_entry.state_group
+            else:
+                self.state_group = object()
+            self._len = sum(len(v) for v in itervalues(self.hosts_to_joined_users))
+        return frozenset(self.hosts_to_joined_users)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return self._len
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/12/v12.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/12/v12.sql
index 5964c5aaac..5964c5aaac 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/12/v12.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/12/v12.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/13/v13.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/13/v13.sql
index f8649e5d99..f8649e5d99 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/13/v13.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/13/v13.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/14/v14.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/14/v14.sql
index a831920da6..a831920da6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/14/v14.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/14/v14.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/15/appservice_txns.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/15/appservice_txns.sql
index e4f5e76aec..e4f5e76aec 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/15/appservice_txns.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/15/appservice_txns.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/15/presence_indices.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/15/presence_indices.sql
index 6b8d0f1ca7..6b8d0f1ca7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/15/presence_indices.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/15/presence_indices.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/15/v15.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/15/v15.sql
index 9523d2bcc3..9523d2bcc3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/15/v15.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/15/v15.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/events_order_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/events_order_index.sql
index a48f215170..a48f215170 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/events_order_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/events_order_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/remote_media_cache_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/remote_media_cache_index.sql
index 7a15265cb1..7a15265cb1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/remote_media_cache_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/remote_media_cache_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/remove_duplicates.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/remove_duplicates.sql
index 65c97b5e2f..65c97b5e2f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/remove_duplicates.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/remove_duplicates.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/room_alias_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/room_alias_index.sql
index f82486132b..f82486132b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/room_alias_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/room_alias_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/unique_constraints.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/unique_constraints.sql
index 5b8de52c33..5b8de52c33 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/unique_constraints.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/unique_constraints.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/users.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/users.sql
index cd0709250d..cd0709250d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/16/users.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/16/users.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/17/drop_indexes.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/17/drop_indexes.sql
index 7c9a90e27f..7c9a90e27f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/17/drop_indexes.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/17/drop_indexes.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/17/server_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/17/server_keys.sql
index 70b247a06b..70b247a06b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/17/server_keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/17/server_keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/17/user_threepids.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/17/user_threepids.sql
index c17715ac80..c17715ac80 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/17/user_threepids.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/17/user_threepids.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/18/server_keys_bigger_ints.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/18/server_keys_bigger_ints.sql
index 6e0871c92b..6e0871c92b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/18/server_keys_bigger_ints.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/18/server_keys_bigger_ints.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/19/event_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/19/event_index.sql
index 18b97b4332..18b97b4332 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/19/event_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/19/event_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/20/dummy.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/20/dummy.sql
index e0ac49d1ec..e0ac49d1ec 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/20/dummy.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/20/dummy.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/20/pushers.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/20/pushers.py
index 3edfcfd783..3edfcfd783 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/20/pushers.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/20/pushers.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/21/end_to_end_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/21/end_to_end_keys.sql
index 4c2fb20b77..4c2fb20b77 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/21/end_to_end_keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/21/end_to_end_keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/21/receipts.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/21/receipts.sql
index d070845477..d070845477 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/21/receipts.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/21/receipts.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/22/receipts_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/22/receipts_index.sql
index bfc0b3bcaa..bfc0b3bcaa 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/22/receipts_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/22/receipts_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/22/user_threepids_unique.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/22/user_threepids_unique.sql
index 87edfa454c..87edfa454c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/22/user_threepids_unique.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/22/user_threepids_unique.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/23/drop_state_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/23/drop_state_index.sql
index ae09fa0065..ae09fa0065 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/23/drop_state_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/23/drop_state_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/24/stats_reporting.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/24/stats_reporting.sql
index acea7483bd..acea7483bd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/24/stats_reporting.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/24/stats_reporting.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/00background_updates.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/00background_updates.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ad9e8fa56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/00background_updates.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/* Copyright 2015, 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS background_updates(
+    update_name TEXT NOT NULL, -- The name of the background update.
+    progress_json TEXT NOT NULL, -- The current progress of the update as JSON.
+    CONSTRAINT background_updates_uniqueness UNIQUE (update_name)
+);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/fts.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/fts.py
index 4b2ffd35fd..4b2ffd35fd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/fts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/fts.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/guest_access.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/guest_access.sql
index 1ea389b471..1ea389b471 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/guest_access.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/guest_access.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/history_visibility.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/history_visibility.sql
index f468fc1897..f468fc1897 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/history_visibility.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/history_visibility.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/tags.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/tags.sql
index 7a32ce68e4..7a32ce68e4 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/25/tags.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/25/tags.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/26/account_data.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/26/account_data.sql
index e395de2b5e..e395de2b5e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/26/account_data.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/26/account_data.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/27/account_data.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/27/account_data.sql
index bf0558b5b3..bf0558b5b3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/27/account_data.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/27/account_data.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/27/forgotten_memberships.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/27/forgotten_memberships.sql
index e2094f37fe..e2094f37fe 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/27/forgotten_memberships.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/27/forgotten_memberships.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/27/ts.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/27/ts.py
index 414f9f5aa0..414f9f5aa0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/27/ts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/27/ts.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/event_push_actions.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/event_push_actions.sql
index 4d519849df..4d519849df 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/event_push_actions.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/event_push_actions.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/events_room_stream.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/events_room_stream.sql
index 36609475f1..36609475f1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/events_room_stream.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/events_room_stream.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/public_roms_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/public_roms_index.sql
index 6c1fd68c5b..6c1fd68c5b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/public_roms_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/public_roms_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/receipts_user_id_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/receipts_user_id_index.sql
index cb84c69baa..cb84c69baa 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/receipts_user_id_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/receipts_user_id_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/upgrade_times.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/upgrade_times.sql
index 3e4a9ab455..3e4a9ab455 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/upgrade_times.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/upgrade_times.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/users_is_guest.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/users_is_guest.sql
index 21d2b420bf..21d2b420bf 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/28/users_is_guest.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/28/users_is_guest.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/29/push_actions.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/29/push_actions.sql
index 84b21cf813..84b21cf813 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/29/push_actions.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/29/push_actions.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/alias_creator.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/alias_creator.sql
index c9d0dde638..c9d0dde638 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/alias_creator.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/alias_creator.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/as_users.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/as_users.py
index 9b95411fb6..9b95411fb6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/as_users.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/as_users.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/deleted_pushers.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/deleted_pushers.sql
index 712c454aa1..712c454aa1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/deleted_pushers.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/deleted_pushers.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/presence_stream.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/presence_stream.sql
index 606bbb037d..606bbb037d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/presence_stream.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/presence_stream.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/public_rooms.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/public_rooms.sql
index f09db4faa6..f09db4faa6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/public_rooms.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/public_rooms.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/push_rule_stream.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/push_rule_stream.sql
index 735aa8d5f6..735aa8d5f6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/push_rule_stream.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/push_rule_stream.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/state_stream.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/state_stream.sql
index e85699e82e..e85699e82e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/state_stream.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/state_stream.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/threepid_guest_access_tokens.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/threepid_guest_access_tokens.sql
index 0dd2f1360c..0dd2f1360c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/30/threepid_guest_access_tokens.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/30/threepid_guest_access_tokens.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/invites.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/invites.sql
index 2c57846d5a..2c57846d5a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/invites.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/invites.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/local_media_repository_url_cache.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/local_media_repository_url_cache.sql
index 9efb4280eb..9efb4280eb 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/local_media_repository_url_cache.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/local_media_repository_url_cache.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/pushers.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/pushers.py
index 9bb504aad5..9bb504aad5 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/pushers.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/pushers.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/pushers_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/pushers_index.sql
index a82add88fd..a82add88fd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/pushers_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/pushers_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/search_update.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/search_update.py
index 7d8ca5f93f..7d8ca5f93f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/31/search_update.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/31/search_update.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/events.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/events.sql
index 1dd0f9e170..1dd0f9e170 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/events.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/events.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/openid.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/openid.sql
index 36f37b11c8..36f37b11c8 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/openid.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/openid.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/pusher_throttle.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/pusher_throttle.sql
index d86d30c13c..d86d30c13c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/pusher_throttle.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/pusher_throttle.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/remove_indices.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/remove_indices.sql
index 4219cdd06a..4219cdd06a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/remove_indices.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/remove_indices.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/reports.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/reports.sql
index d13609776f..d13609776f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/32/reports.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/32/reports.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/access_tokens_device_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/access_tokens_device_index.sql
index 61ad3fe3e8..61ad3fe3e8 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/access_tokens_device_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/access_tokens_device_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/devices.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/devices.sql
index eca7268d82..eca7268d82 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/devices.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/devices.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys.sql
index aa4a3b9f2f..aa4a3b9f2f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys_clear_unknown_device.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys_clear_unknown_device.sql
index 6671573398..6671573398 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys_clear_unknown_device.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/devices_for_e2e_keys_clear_unknown_device.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/event_fields.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/event_fields.py
index bff1256a7b..bff1256a7b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/event_fields.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/event_fields.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py
index a26057dfb6..a26057dfb6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/remote_media_ts.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/user_ips_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/user_ips_index.sql
index 473f75a78e..473f75a78e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/33/user_ips_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/33/user_ips_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/appservice_stream.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/appservice_stream.sql
index 69e16eda0f..69e16eda0f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/appservice_stream.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/appservice_stream.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/cache_stream.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/cache_stream.py
index cf09e43e2b..cf09e43e2b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/cache_stream.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/cache_stream.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/device_inbox.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/device_inbox.sql
index e68844c74a..e68844c74a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/device_inbox.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/device_inbox.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/push_display_name_rename.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/push_display_name_rename.sql
index 0d9fe1a99a..0d9fe1a99a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/push_display_name_rename.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/push_display_name_rename.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/received_txn_purge.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/received_txn_purge.py
index 67d505e68b..67d505e68b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/34/received_txn_purge.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/34/received_txn_purge.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/add_state_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/add_state_index.sql
index 0fce26345b..33980d02f0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/add_state_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/add_state_index.sql
@@ -13,8 +13,5 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-
-ALTER TABLE background_updates ADD COLUMN depends_on TEXT;
-
 INSERT into background_updates (update_name, progress_json, depends_on)
     VALUES ('state_group_state_type_index', '{}', 'state_group_state_deduplication');
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/contains_url.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/contains_url.sql
index 6cd123027b..6cd123027b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/contains_url.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/contains_url.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/device_outbox.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/device_outbox.sql
index 17e6c43105..17e6c43105 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/device_outbox.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/device_outbox.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/device_stream_id.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/device_stream_id.sql
index 7ab7d942e2..7ab7d942e2 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/device_stream_id.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/device_stream_id.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/event_push_actions_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/event_push_actions_index.sql
index 2e836d8e9c..2e836d8e9c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/event_push_actions_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/event_push_actions_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/public_room_list_change_stream.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/public_room_list_change_stream.sql
index dd2bf2e28a..dd2bf2e28a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/public_room_list_change_stream.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/public_room_list_change_stream.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/state.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/state.sql
index 0f1fa68a89..0f1fa68a89 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/state.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/state.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/state_dedupe.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/state_dedupe.sql
index 97e5067ef4..97e5067ef4 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/state_dedupe.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/state_dedupe.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/stream_order_to_extrem.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/stream_order_to_extrem.sql
index 2b945d8a57..2b945d8a57 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/stream_order_to_extrem.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/35/stream_order_to_extrem.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/36/readd_public_rooms.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/36/readd_public_rooms.sql
index 90d8fd18f9..90d8fd18f9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/36/readd_public_rooms.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/36/readd_public_rooms.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/37/remove_auth_idx.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/37/remove_auth_idx.py
index a377884169..a377884169 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/37/remove_auth_idx.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/37/remove_auth_idx.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/37/user_threepids.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/37/user_threepids.sql
index cf7a90dd10..cf7a90dd10 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/37/user_threepids.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/37/user_threepids.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/38/postgres_fts_gist.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/38/postgres_fts_gist.sql
index 515e6b8e84..515e6b8e84 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/38/postgres_fts_gist.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/38/postgres_fts_gist.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/appservice_room_list.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/appservice_room_list.sql
index 74bdc49073..74bdc49073 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/appservice_room_list.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/appservice_room_list.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/device_federation_stream_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/device_federation_stream_idx.sql
index 00be801e90..00be801e90 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/device_federation_stream_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/device_federation_stream_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/event_push_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/event_push_index.sql
index de2ad93e5c..de2ad93e5c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/event_push_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/event_push_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/federation_out_position.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/federation_out_position.sql
index 5af814290b..5af814290b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/federation_out_position.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/federation_out_position.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/membership_profile.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/membership_profile.sql
index 1bf911c8ab..1bf911c8ab 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/39/membership_profile.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/39/membership_profile.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/current_state_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/current_state_idx.sql
index 7ffa189f39..7ffa189f39 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/current_state_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/current_state_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/device_inbox.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/device_inbox.sql
index b9fe1f0480..b9fe1f0480 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/device_inbox.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/device_inbox.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/device_list_streams.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/device_list_streams.sql
index dd6dcb65f1..dd6dcb65f1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/device_list_streams.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/device_list_streams.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql
index 3918f0b794..3918f0b794 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/event_push_summary.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql
index 054a223f14..054a223f14 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/40/pushers.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql
index b7bee8b692..b7bee8b692 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/device_list_stream_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql
index 62f0b9892b..62f0b9892b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/device_outbound_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/event_search_event_id_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/event_search_event_id_idx.sql
index 5d9cfecf36..5d9cfecf36 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/event_search_event_id_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/event_search_event_id_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/ratelimit.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/ratelimit.sql
index a194bf0238..a194bf0238 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/41/ratelimit.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/41/ratelimit.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/current_state_delta.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/current_state_delta.sql
index d28851aff8..d28851aff8 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/current_state_delta.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/current_state_delta.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/device_list_last_id.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/device_list_last_id.sql
index 9ab8c14fa3..9ab8c14fa3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/device_list_last_id.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/device_list_last_id.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/event_auth_state_only.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/event_auth_state_only.sql
index b8821ac759..b8821ac759 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/event_auth_state_only.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/event_auth_state_only.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/user_dir.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/user_dir.py
index 506f326f4d..506f326f4d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/42/user_dir.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/42/user_dir.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/blocked_rooms.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/blocked_rooms.sql
index 0e3cd143ff..0e3cd143ff 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/blocked_rooms.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/blocked_rooms.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/quarantine_media.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/quarantine_media.sql
index 630907ec4f..630907ec4f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/quarantine_media.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/quarantine_media.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/url_cache.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/url_cache.sql
index 45ebe020da..45ebe020da 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/url_cache.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/url_cache.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/user_share.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/user_share.sql
index ee7062abe4..ee7062abe4 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/43/user_share.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/43/user_share.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/44/expire_url_cache.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/44/expire_url_cache.sql
index b12f9b2ebf..b12f9b2ebf 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/44/expire_url_cache.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/44/expire_url_cache.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/45/group_server.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/45/group_server.sql
index b2333848a0..b2333848a0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/45/group_server.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/45/group_server.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/45/profile_cache.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/45/profile_cache.sql
index e5ddc84df0..e5ddc84df0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/45/profile_cache.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/45/profile_cache.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/drop_refresh_tokens.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/drop_refresh_tokens.sql
index 68c48a89a9..68c48a89a9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/drop_refresh_tokens.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/drop_refresh_tokens.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/drop_unique_deleted_pushers.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/drop_unique_deleted_pushers.sql
index bb307889c1..bb307889c1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/drop_unique_deleted_pushers.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/drop_unique_deleted_pushers.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/group_server.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/group_server.sql
index 097679bc9a..097679bc9a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/group_server.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/group_server.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/local_media_repository_url_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/local_media_repository_url_idx.sql
index bbfc7f5d1a..bbfc7f5d1a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/local_media_repository_url_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/local_media_repository_url_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/user_dir_null_room_ids.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/user_dir_null_room_ids.sql
index cb0d5a2576..cb0d5a2576 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/user_dir_null_room_ids.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/user_dir_null_room_ids.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/user_dir_typos.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/user_dir_typos.sql
index d9505f8da1..d9505f8da1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/46/user_dir_typos.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/46/user_dir_typos.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/last_access_media.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/last_access_media.sql
index f505fb22b5..f505fb22b5 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/last_access_media.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/last_access_media.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/postgres_fts_gin.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/postgres_fts_gin.sql
index 31d7a817eb..31d7a817eb 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/postgres_fts_gin.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/postgres_fts_gin.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/push_actions_staging.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/push_actions_staging.sql
index edccf4a96f..edccf4a96f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/push_actions_staging.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/push_actions_staging.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/state_group_seq.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/state_group_seq.py
index 9fd1ccf6f7..9fd1ccf6f7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/47/state_group_seq.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/47/state_group_seq.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/add_user_consent.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/add_user_consent.sql
index 5237491506..5237491506 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/add_user_consent.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/add_user_consent.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/add_user_ips_last_seen_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/add_user_ips_last_seen_index.sql
index 9248b0b24a..9248b0b24a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/add_user_ips_last_seen_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/add_user_ips_last_seen_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/deactivated_users.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/deactivated_users.sql
index e9013a6969..e9013a6969 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/deactivated_users.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/deactivated_users.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/group_unique_indexes.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/group_unique_indexes.py
index 49f5f2c003..49f5f2c003 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/group_unique_indexes.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/group_unique_indexes.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/groups_joinable.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/groups_joinable.sql
index ce26eaf0c9..ce26eaf0c9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/48/groups_joinable.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/48/groups_joinable.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/49/add_user_consent_server_notice_sent.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/49/add_user_consent_server_notice_sent.sql
index 14dcf18d73..14dcf18d73 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/49/add_user_consent_server_notice_sent.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/49/add_user_consent_server_notice_sent.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/49/add_user_daily_visits.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/49/add_user_daily_visits.sql
index 3dd478196f..3dd478196f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/49/add_user_daily_visits.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/49/add_user_daily_visits.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/49/add_user_ips_last_seen_only_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/49/add_user_ips_last_seen_only_index.sql
index 3a4ed59b5b..3a4ed59b5b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/49/add_user_ips_last_seen_only_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/49/add_user_ips_last_seen_only_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/50/add_creation_ts_users_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/50/add_creation_ts_users_index.sql
index c93ae47532..c93ae47532 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/50/add_creation_ts_users_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/50/add_creation_ts_users_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/50/erasure_store.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/50/erasure_store.sql
index 5d8641a9ab..5d8641a9ab 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/50/erasure_store.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/50/erasure_store.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/50/make_event_content_nullable.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/50/make_event_content_nullable.py
index b1684a8441..b1684a8441 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/50/make_event_content_nullable.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/50/make_event_content_nullable.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/51/e2e_room_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/51/e2e_room_keys.sql
index c0e66a697d..c0e66a697d 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/51/e2e_room_keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/51/e2e_room_keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/51/monthly_active_users.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/51/monthly_active_users.sql
index c9d537d5a3..c9d537d5a3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/51/monthly_active_users.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/51/monthly_active_users.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/52/add_event_to_state_group_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/52/add_event_to_state_group_index.sql
index 91e03d13e1..91e03d13e1 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/52/add_event_to_state_group_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/52/add_event_to_state_group_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/52/device_list_streams_unique_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/52/device_list_streams_unique_idx.sql
index bfa49e6f92..bfa49e6f92 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/52/device_list_streams_unique_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/52/device_list_streams_unique_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/52/e2e_room_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/52/e2e_room_keys.sql
index db687cccae..db687cccae 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/52/e2e_room_keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/52/e2e_room_keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/add_user_type_to_users.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/add_user_type_to_users.sql
index 88ec2f83e5..88ec2f83e5 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/add_user_type_to_users.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/add_user_type_to_users.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/drop_sent_transactions.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/drop_sent_transactions.sql
index e372f5a44a..e372f5a44a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/drop_sent_transactions.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/drop_sent_transactions.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/event_format_version.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/event_format_version.sql
index 1d977c2834..1d977c2834 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/event_format_version.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/event_format_version.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_dir_populate.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_dir_populate.sql
index ffcc896b58..ffcc896b58 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_dir_populate.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_dir_populate.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_ips_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_ips_index.sql
index b812c5794f..b812c5794f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_ips_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_ips_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_share.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_share.sql
index 5831b1a6f8..5831b1a6f8 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_share.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_share.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_threepid_id.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_threepid_id.sql
index 80c2c573b6..80c2c573b6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/user_threepid_id.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/user_threepid_id.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/users_in_public_rooms.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/users_in_public_rooms.sql
index f7827ca6d2..f7827ca6d2 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/53/users_in_public_rooms.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/53/users_in_public_rooms.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/account_validity_with_renewal.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/account_validity_with_renewal.sql
index 0adb2ad55e..0adb2ad55e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/account_validity_with_renewal.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/account_validity_with_renewal.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/add_validity_to_server_keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/add_validity_to_server_keys.sql
index c01aa9d2d9..c01aa9d2d9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/add_validity_to_server_keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/add_validity_to_server_keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/delete_forward_extremities.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/delete_forward_extremities.sql
index b062ec840c..b062ec840c 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/delete_forward_extremities.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/delete_forward_extremities.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/drop_legacy_tables.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/drop_legacy_tables.sql
index dbbe682697..dbbe682697 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/drop_legacy_tables.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/drop_legacy_tables.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/drop_presence_list.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/drop_presence_list.sql
index e6ee70c623..e6ee70c623 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/drop_presence_list.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/drop_presence_list.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/relations.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/relations.sql
index 134862b870..134862b870 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/relations.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/relations.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/stats.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/stats.sql
index 652e58308e..652e58308e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/stats.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/stats.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/stats2.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/stats2.sql
index 3b2d48447f..3b2d48447f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/54/stats2.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/54/stats2.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/55/access_token_expiry.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/55/access_token_expiry.sql
index 4590604bfd..4590604bfd 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/55/access_token_expiry.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/55/access_token_expiry.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/55/track_threepid_validations.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/55/track_threepid_validations.sql
index a8eced2e0a..a8eced2e0a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/55/track_threepid_validations.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/55/track_threepid_validations.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/55/users_alter_deactivated.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/55/users_alter_deactivated.sql
index dabdde489b..dabdde489b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/55/users_alter_deactivated.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/55/users_alter_deactivated.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/add_spans_to_device_lists.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/add_spans_to_device_lists.sql
index 41807eb1e7..41807eb1e7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/add_spans_to_device_lists.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/add_spans_to_device_lists.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership.sql
index 473018676f..473018676f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership_mk2.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership_mk2.sql
index 3133d42d4a..3133d42d4a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership_mk2.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/current_state_events_membership_mk2.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/destinations_failure_ts.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/destinations_failure_ts.sql
index f00889290b..f00889290b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/destinations_failure_ts.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/destinations_failure_ts.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/destinations_retry_interval_type.sql.postgres b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/destinations_retry_interval_type.sql.postgres
index b9bbb18a91..b9bbb18a91 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/destinations_retry_interval_type.sql.postgres
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/destinations_retry_interval_type.sql.postgres
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/devices_last_seen.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/devices_last_seen.sql
index dfa902d0ba..dfa902d0ba 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/devices_last_seen.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/devices_last_seen.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/drop_unused_event_tables.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/drop_unused_event_tables.sql
index 9f09922c67..9f09922c67 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/drop_unused_event_tables.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/drop_unused_event_tables.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/fix_room_keys_index.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/fix_room_keys_index.sql
index 014cb3b538..014cb3b538 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/fix_room_keys_index.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/fix_room_keys_index.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/public_room_list_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/public_room_list_idx.sql
index 7be31ffebb..7be31ffebb 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/public_room_list_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/public_room_list_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor.sql
index fe51b02309..fe51b02309 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor2.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor2.sql
index 77a5eca499..77a5eca499 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor2.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor2.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor3_fix_update.sql.postgres b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor3_fix_update.sql.postgres
index 67471f3ef5..67471f3ef5 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor3_fix_update.sql.postgres
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/redaction_censor3_fix_update.sql.postgres
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/room_membership_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/room_membership_idx.sql
index 92ab1f5e65..92ab1f5e65 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/room_membership_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/room_membership_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/stats_separated.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/stats_separated.sql
index 163529c071..163529c071 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/stats_separated.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/stats_separated.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/unique_user_filter_index.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/unique_user_filter_index.py
index 1de8b54961..1de8b54961 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/unique_user_filter_index.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/unique_user_filter_index.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/user_external_ids.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/user_external_ids.sql
index 91390c4527..91390c4527 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/user_external_ids.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/user_external_ids.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/users_in_public_rooms_idx.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/users_in_public_rooms_idx.sql
index 149f8be8b6..149f8be8b6 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/56/users_in_public_rooms_idx.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/delta/56/users_in_public_rooms_idx.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/application_services.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/application_services.sql
index 883fcd10b2..883fcd10b2 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/application_services.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/application_services.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/event_edges.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/event_edges.sql
index 10ce2aa7a0..10ce2aa7a0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/event_edges.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/event_edges.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/event_signatures.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/event_signatures.sql
index 95826da431..95826da431 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/event_signatures.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/event_signatures.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/im.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/im.sql
index a1a2aa8e5b..a1a2aa8e5b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/im.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/im.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/keys.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/keys.sql
index 11cdffdbb3..11cdffdbb3 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/keys.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/keys.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/media_repository.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/media_repository.sql
index 8f3759bb2a..8f3759bb2a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/media_repository.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/media_repository.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/presence.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/presence.sql
index 01d2d8f833..01d2d8f833 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/presence.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/presence.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/profiles.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/profiles.sql
index c04f4747d9..c04f4747d9 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/profiles.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/profiles.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/push.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/push.sql
index e44465cf45..e44465cf45 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/push.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/push.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/redactions.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/redactions.sql
index 318f0d9aa5..318f0d9aa5 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/redactions.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/redactions.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/room_aliases.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/room_aliases.sql
index d47da3b12f..d47da3b12f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/room_aliases.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/room_aliases.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/state.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/state.sql
index 96391a8f0e..96391a8f0e 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/state.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/state.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/transactions.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/transactions.sql
index 17e67bedac..17e67bedac 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/transactions.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/transactions.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/users.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/users.sql
index f013aa8b18..f013aa8b18 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/16/users.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/16/users.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.postgres b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.postgres
index 098434356f..4ad2929f32 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.postgres
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.postgres
@@ -70,15 +70,6 @@ CREATE TABLE appservice_stream_position (
 );
 
 
-
-CREATE TABLE background_updates (
-    update_name text NOT NULL,
-    progress_json text NOT NULL,
-    depends_on text
-);
-
-
-
 CREATE TABLE blocked_rooms (
     room_id text NOT NULL,
     user_id text NOT NULL
@@ -1202,11 +1193,6 @@ ALTER TABLE ONLY appservice_stream_position
 
 
 
-ALTER TABLE ONLY background_updates
-    ADD CONSTRAINT background_updates_uniqueness UNIQUE (update_name);
-
-
-
 ALTER TABLE ONLY current_state_events
     ADD CONSTRAINT current_state_events_event_id_key UNIQUE (event_id);
 
@@ -2047,6 +2033,3 @@ CREATE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_r_idx ON users_who_share_private_room
 
 
 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_who_share_private_rooms_u_idx ON users_who_share_private_rooms USING btree (user_id, other_user_id, room_id);
-
-
-
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.sqlite b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.sqlite
index be9295e4c9..bad33291e7 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.sqlite
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql.sqlite
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_id ON receipts_linearized( stream_id );
 CREATE INDEX receipts_linearized_room_stream ON receipts_linearized( room_id, stream_id );
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "user_threepids" ( user_id TEXT NOT NULL, medium TEXT NOT NULL, address TEXT NOT NULL, validated_at BIGINT NOT NULL, added_at BIGINT NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT medium_address UNIQUE (medium, address) );
 CREATE INDEX user_threepids_user_id ON user_threepids(user_id);
-CREATE TABLE background_updates( update_name TEXT NOT NULL, progress_json TEXT NOT NULL, depends_on TEXT, CONSTRAINT background_updates_uniqueness UNIQUE (update_name) );
 CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE event_search USING fts4 ( event_id, room_id, sender, key, value )
 /* event_search(event_id,room_id,sender,"key",value) */;
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS 'event_search_content'(docid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 'c0event_id', 'c1room_id', 'c2sender', 'c3key', 'c4value');
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/stream_positions.sql b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/54/stream_positions.sql
index c265fd20e2..c265fd20e2 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/stream_positions.sql
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/54/stream_positions.sql
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/README.txt b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/README.txt
index d3f6401344..d3f6401344 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/README.txt
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/schema/full_schemas/README.txt
diff --git a/synapse/storage/search.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/search.py
index 7695bf09fc..0e08497452 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/search.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/search.py
@@ -25,10 +25,9 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.errors import SynapseError
 from synapse.storage._base import make_in_list_sql_clause
+from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
 from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine, Sqlite3Engine
 
-from .background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 SearchEntry = namedtuple(
diff --git a/synapse/storage/signatures.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/signatures.py
index fb83218f90..556191b76f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/signatures.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/signatures.py
@@ -20,10 +20,9 @@ from unpaddedbase64 import encode_base64
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.crypto.event_signing import compute_event_reference_hash
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
-
 # py2 sqlite has buffer hardcoded as only binary type, so we must use it,
 # despite being deprecated and removed in favor of memoryview
 if six.PY2:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/state.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/state.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d54442e5fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/state.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1244 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import logging
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from six import iteritems, itervalues
+from six.moves import range
+
+from twisted.internet import defer
+
+from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes
+from synapse.api.errors import NotFoundError
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
+from synapse.storage.state import StateFilter
+from synapse.util.caches import get_cache_factor_for, intern_string
+from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
+from synapse.util.caches.dictionary_cache import DictionaryCache
+from synapse.util.stringutils import to_ascii
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+MAX_STATE_DELTA_HOPS = 100
+
+
+class _GetStateGroupDelta(
+    namedtuple("_GetStateGroupDelta", ("prev_group", "delta_ids"))
+):
+    """Return type of get_state_group_delta that implements __len__, which lets
+    us use the itrable flag when caching
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = []
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.delta_ids) if self.delta_ids else 0
+
+
+class StateGroupBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
+    """Defines functions related to state groups needed to run the state backgroud
+    updates.
+    """
+
+    def _count_state_group_hops_txn(self, txn, state_group):
+        """Given a state group, count how many hops there are in the tree.
+
+        This is used to ensure the delta chains don't get too long.
+        """
+        if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
+            sql = """
+                WITH RECURSIVE state(state_group) AS (
+                    VALUES(?::bigint)
+                    UNION ALL
+                    SELECT prev_state_group FROM state_group_edges e, state s
+                    WHERE s.state_group = e.state_group
+                )
+                SELECT count(*) FROM state;
+            """
+
+            txn.execute(sql, (state_group,))
+            row = txn.fetchone()
+            if row and row[0]:
+                return row[0]
+            else:
+                return 0
+        else:
+            # We don't use WITH RECURSIVE on sqlite3 as there are distributions
+            # that ship with an sqlite3 version that doesn't support it (e.g. wheezy)
+            next_group = state_group
+            count = 0
+
+            while next_group:
+                next_group = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="state_group_edges",
+                    keyvalues={"state_group": next_group},
+                    retcol="prev_state_group",
+                    allow_none=True,
+                )
+                if next_group:
+                    count += 1
+
+            return count
+
+    def _get_state_groups_from_groups_txn(
+        self, txn, groups, state_filter=StateFilter.all()
+    ):
+        results = {group: {} for group in groups}
+
+        where_clause, where_args = state_filter.make_sql_filter_clause()
+
+        # Unless the filter clause is empty, we're going to append it after an
+        # existing where clause
+        if where_clause:
+            where_clause = " AND (%s)" % (where_clause,)
+
+        if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
+            # Temporarily disable sequential scans in this transaction. This is
+            # a temporary hack until we can add the right indices in
+            txn.execute("SET LOCAL enable_seqscan=off")
+
+            # The below query walks the state_group tree so that the "state"
+            # table includes all state_groups in the tree. It then joins
+            # against `state_groups_state` to fetch the latest state.
+            # It assumes that previous state groups are always numerically
+            # lesser.
+            # The PARTITION is used to get the event_id in the greatest state
+            # group for the given type, state_key.
+            # This may return multiple rows per (type, state_key), but last_value
+            # should be the same.
+            sql = """
+                WITH RECURSIVE state(state_group) AS (
+                    VALUES(?::bigint)
+                    UNION ALL
+                    SELECT prev_state_group FROM state_group_edges e, state s
+                    WHERE s.state_group = e.state_group
+                )
+                SELECT DISTINCT type, state_key, last_value(event_id) OVER (
+                    PARTITION BY type, state_key ORDER BY state_group ASC
+                    ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
+                ) AS event_id FROM state_groups_state
+                WHERE state_group IN (
+                    SELECT state_group FROM state
+                )
+            """
+
+            for group in groups:
+                args = [group]
+                args.extend(where_args)
+
+                txn.execute(sql + where_clause, args)
+                for row in txn:
+                    typ, state_key, event_id = row
+                    key = (typ, state_key)
+                    results[group][key] = event_id
+        else:
+            max_entries_returned = state_filter.max_entries_returned()
+
+            # We don't use WITH RECURSIVE on sqlite3 as there are distributions
+            # that ship with an sqlite3 version that doesn't support it (e.g. wheezy)
+            for group in groups:
+                next_group = group
+
+                while next_group:
+                    # We did this before by getting the list of group ids, and
+                    # then passing that list to sqlite to get latest event for
+                    # each (type, state_key). However, that was terribly slow
+                    # without the right indices (which we can't add until
+                    # after we finish deduping state, which requires this func)
+                    args = [next_group]
+                    args.extend(where_args)
+
+                    txn.execute(
+                        "SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM state_groups_state"
+                        " WHERE state_group = ? " + where_clause,
+                        args,
+                    )
+                    results[group].update(
+                        ((typ, state_key), event_id)
+                        for typ, state_key, event_id in txn
+                        if (typ, state_key) not in results[group]
+                    )
+
+                    # If the number of entries in the (type,state_key)->event_id dict
+                    # matches the number of (type,state_keys) types we were searching
+                    # for, then we must have found them all, so no need to go walk
+                    # further down the tree... UNLESS our types filter contained
+                    # wildcards (i.e. Nones) in which case we have to do an exhaustive
+                    # search
+                    if (
+                        max_entries_returned is not None
+                        and len(results[group]) == max_entries_returned
+                    ):
+                        break
+
+                    next_group = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
+                        txn,
+                        table="state_group_edges",
+                        keyvalues={"state_group": next_group},
+                        retcol="prev_state_group",
+                        allow_none=True,
+                    )
+
+        return results
+
+
+# this inherits from EventsWorkerStore because it calls self.get_events
+class StateGroupWorkerStore(
+    EventsWorkerStore, StateGroupBackgroundUpdateStore, SQLBaseStore
+):
+    """The parts of StateGroupStore that can be called from workers.
+    """
+
+    STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_deduplication"
+    STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_type_index"
+    CURRENT_STATE_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "current_state_members_idx"
+
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(StateGroupWorkerStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+
+        # Originally the state store used a single DictionaryCache to cache the
+        # event IDs for the state types in a given state group to avoid hammering
+        # on the state_group* tables.
+        #
+        # The point of using a DictionaryCache is that it can cache a subset
+        # of the state events for a given state group (i.e. a subset of the keys for a
+        # given dict which is an entry in the cache for a given state group ID).
+        #
+        # However, this poses problems when performing complicated queries
+        # on the store - for instance: "give me all the state for this group, but
+        # limit members to this subset of users", as DictionaryCache's API isn't
+        # rich enough to say "please cache any of these fields, apart from this subset".
+        # This is problematic when lazy loading members, which requires this behaviour,
+        # as without it the cache has no choice but to speculatively load all
+        # state events for the group, which negates the efficiency being sought.
+        #
+        # Rather than overcomplicating DictionaryCache's API, we instead split the
+        # state_group_cache into two halves - one for tracking non-member events,
+        # and the other for tracking member_events.  This means that lazy loading
+        # queries can be made in a cache-friendly manner by querying both caches
+        # separately and then merging the result.  So for the example above, you
+        # would query the members cache for a specific subset of state keys
+        # (which DictionaryCache will handle efficiently and fine) and the non-members
+        # cache for all state (which DictionaryCache will similarly handle fine)
+        # and then just merge the results together.
+        #
+        # We size the non-members cache to be smaller than the members cache as the
+        # vast majority of state in Matrix (today) is member events.
+
+        self._state_group_cache = DictionaryCache(
+            "*stateGroupCache*",
+            # TODO: this hasn't been tuned yet
+            50000 * get_cache_factor_for("stateGroupCache"),
+        )
+        self._state_group_members_cache = DictionaryCache(
+            "*stateGroupMembersCache*",
+            500000 * get_cache_factor_for("stateGroupMembersCache"),
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_room_version(self, room_id):
+        """Get the room_version of a given room
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[str]
+
+        Raises:
+            NotFoundError if the room is unknown
+        """
+        # for now we do this by looking at the create event. We may want to cache this
+        # more intelligently in future.
+
+        # Retrieve the room's create event
+        create_event = yield self.get_create_event_for_room(room_id)
+        return create_event.content.get("room_version", "1")
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_room_predecessor(self, room_id):
+        """Get the predecessor room of an upgraded room if one exists.
+        Otherwise return None.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[unicode|None]: predecessor room id
+
+        Raises:
+            NotFoundError if the room is unknown
+        """
+        # Retrieve the room's create event
+        create_event = yield self.get_create_event_for_room(room_id)
+
+        # Return predecessor if present
+        return create_event.content.get("predecessor", None)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_create_event_for_room(self, room_id):
+        """Get the create state event for a room.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[EventBase]: The room creation event.
+
+        Raises:
+            NotFoundError if the room is unknown
+        """
+        state_ids = yield self.get_current_state_ids(room_id)
+        create_id = state_ids.get((EventTypes.Create, ""))
+
+        # If we can't find the create event, assume we've hit a dead end
+        if not create_id:
+            raise NotFoundError("Unknown room %s" % (room_id))
+
+        # Retrieve the room's create event and return
+        create_event = yield self.get_event(create_id)
+        return create_event
+
+    @cached(max_entries=100000, iterable=True)
+    def get_current_state_ids(self, room_id):
+        """Get the current state event ids for a room based on the
+        current_state_events table.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            deferred: dict of (type, state_key) -> event_id
+        """
+
+        def _get_current_state_ids_txn(txn):
+            txn.execute(
+                """SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM current_state_events
+                WHERE room_id = ?
+                """,
+                (room_id,),
+            )
+
+            return {
+                (intern_string(r[0]), intern_string(r[1])): to_ascii(r[2]) for r in txn
+            }
+
+        return self.runInteraction("get_current_state_ids", _get_current_state_ids_txn)
+
+    # FIXME: how should this be cached?
+    def get_filtered_current_state_ids(self, room_id, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
+        """Get the current state event of a given type for a room based on the
+        current_state_events table.  This may not be as up-to-date as the result
+        of doing a fresh state resolution as per state_handler.get_current_state
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[tuple[str, str], str]]: Map from type/state_key to
+            event ID.
+        """
+
+        where_clause, where_args = state_filter.make_sql_filter_clause()
+
+        if not where_clause:
+            # We delegate to the cached version
+            return self.get_current_state_ids(room_id)
+
+        def _get_filtered_current_state_ids_txn(txn):
+            results = {}
+            sql = """
+                SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM current_state_events
+                WHERE room_id = ?
+            """
+
+            if where_clause:
+                sql += " AND (%s)" % (where_clause,)
+
+            args = [room_id]
+            args.extend(where_args)
+            txn.execute(sql, args)
+            for row in txn:
+                typ, state_key, event_id = row
+                key = (intern_string(typ), intern_string(state_key))
+                results[key] = event_id
+
+            return results
+
+        return self.runInteraction(
+            "get_filtered_current_state_ids", _get_filtered_current_state_ids_txn
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_canonical_alias_for_room(self, room_id):
+        """Get canonical alias for room, if any
+
+        Args:
+            room_id (str)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[str|None]: The canonical alias, if any
+        """
+
+        state = yield self.get_filtered_current_state_ids(
+            room_id, StateFilter.from_types([(EventTypes.CanonicalAlias, "")])
+        )
+
+        event_id = state.get((EventTypes.CanonicalAlias, ""))
+        if not event_id:
+            return
+
+        event = yield self.get_event(event_id, allow_none=True)
+        if not event:
+            return
+
+        return event.content.get("canonical_alias")
+
+    @cached(max_entries=10000, iterable=True)
+    def get_state_group_delta(self, state_group):
+        """Given a state group try to return a previous group and a delta between
+        the old and the new.
+
+        Returns:
+            (prev_group, delta_ids), where both may be None.
+        """
+
+        def _get_state_group_delta_txn(txn):
+            prev_group = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
+                txn,
+                table="state_group_edges",
+                keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
+                retcol="prev_state_group",
+                allow_none=True,
+            )
+
+            if not prev_group:
+                return _GetStateGroupDelta(None, None)
+
+            delta_ids = self._simple_select_list_txn(
+                txn,
+                table="state_groups_state",
+                keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
+                retcols=("type", "state_key", "event_id"),
+            )
+
+            return _GetStateGroupDelta(
+                prev_group,
+                {(row["type"], row["state_key"]): row["event_id"] for row in delta_ids},
+            )
+
+        return self.runInteraction("get_state_group_delta", _get_state_group_delta_txn)
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_groups_ids(self, _room_id, event_ids):
+        """Get the event IDs of all the state for the state groups for the given events
+
+        Args:
+            _room_id (str): id of the room for these events
+            event_ids (iterable[str]): ids of the events
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]]]:
+                dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
+        """
+        if not event_ids:
+            return {}
+
+        event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(event_ids)
+
+        groups = set(itervalues(event_to_groups))
+        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups(groups)
+
+        return group_to_state
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_ids_for_group(self, state_group):
+        """Get the event IDs of all the state in the given state group
+
+        Args:
+            state_group (int)
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict]: Resolves to a map of (type, state_key) -> event_id
+        """
+        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups((state_group,))
+
+        return group_to_state[state_group]
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_groups(self, room_id, event_ids):
+        """ Get the state groups for the given list of event_ids
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[int, list[EventBase]]]:
+                dict of state_group_id -> list of state events.
+        """
+        if not event_ids:
+            return {}
+
+        group_to_ids = yield self.get_state_groups_ids(room_id, event_ids)
+
+        state_event_map = yield self.get_events(
+            [
+                ev_id
+                for group_ids in itervalues(group_to_ids)
+                for ev_id in itervalues(group_ids)
+            ],
+            get_prev_content=False,
+        )
+
+        return {
+            group: [
+                state_event_map[v]
+                for v in itervalues(event_id_map)
+                if v in state_event_map
+            ]
+            for group, event_id_map in iteritems(group_to_ids)
+        }
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _get_state_groups_from_groups(self, groups, state_filter):
+        """Returns the state groups for a given set of groups, filtering on
+        types of state events.
+
+        Args:
+            groups(list[int]): list of state group IDs to query
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]]]:
+                dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
+        """
+        results = {}
+
+        chunks = [groups[i : i + 100] for i in range(0, len(groups), 100)]
+        for chunk in chunks:
+            res = yield self.runInteraction(
+                "_get_state_groups_from_groups",
+                self._get_state_groups_from_groups_txn,
+                chunk,
+                state_filter,
+            )
+            results.update(res)
+
+        return results
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_for_events(self, event_ids, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
+        """Given a list of event_ids and type tuples, return a list of state
+        dicts for each event.
+
+        Args:
+            event_ids (list[string])
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns:
+            deferred: A dict of (event_id) -> (type, state_key) -> [state_events]
+        """
+        event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(event_ids)
+
+        groups = set(itervalues(event_to_groups))
+        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups(groups, state_filter)
+
+        state_event_map = yield self.get_events(
+            [ev_id for sd in itervalues(group_to_state) for ev_id in itervalues(sd)],
+            get_prev_content=False,
+        )
+
+        event_to_state = {
+            event_id: {
+                k: state_event_map[v]
+                for k, v in iteritems(group_to_state[group])
+                if v in state_event_map
+            }
+            for event_id, group in iteritems(event_to_groups)
+        }
+
+        return {event: event_to_state[event] for event in event_ids}
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_ids_for_events(self, event_ids, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
+        """
+        Get the state dicts corresponding to a list of events, containing the event_ids
+        of the state events (as opposed to the events themselves)
+
+        Args:
+            event_ids(list(str)): events whose state should be returned
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns:
+            A deferred dict from event_id -> (type, state_key) -> event_id
+        """
+        event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(event_ids)
+
+        groups = set(itervalues(event_to_groups))
+        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups(groups, state_filter)
+
+        event_to_state = {
+            event_id: group_to_state[group]
+            for event_id, group in iteritems(event_to_groups)
+        }
+
+        return {event: event_to_state[event] for event in event_ids}
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_for_event(self, event_id, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
+        """
+        Get the state dict corresponding to a particular event
+
+        Args:
+            event_id(str): event whose state should be returned
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns:
+            A deferred dict from (type, state_key) -> state_event
+        """
+        state_map = yield self.get_state_for_events([event_id], state_filter)
+        return state_map[event_id]
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def get_state_ids_for_event(self, event_id, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
+        """
+        Get the state dict corresponding to a particular event
+
+        Args:
+            event_id(str): event whose state should be returned
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns:
+            A deferred dict from (type, state_key) -> state_event
+        """
+        state_map = yield self.get_state_ids_for_events([event_id], state_filter)
+        return state_map[event_id]
+
+    @cached(max_entries=50000)
+    def _get_state_group_for_event(self, event_id):
+        return self._simple_select_one_onecol(
+            table="event_to_state_groups",
+            keyvalues={"event_id": event_id},
+            retcol="state_group",
+            allow_none=True,
+            desc="_get_state_group_for_event",
+        )
+
+    @cachedList(
+        cached_method_name="_get_state_group_for_event",
+        list_name="event_ids",
+        num_args=1,
+        inlineCallbacks=True,
+    )
+    def _get_state_group_for_events(self, event_ids):
+        """Returns mapping event_id -> state_group
+        """
+        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
+            table="event_to_state_groups",
+            column="event_id",
+            iterable=event_ids,
+            keyvalues={},
+            retcols=("event_id", "state_group"),
+            desc="_get_state_group_for_events",
+        )
+
+        return {row["event_id"]: row["state_group"] for row in rows}
+
+    def _get_state_for_group_using_cache(self, cache, group, state_filter):
+        """Checks if group is in cache. See `_get_state_for_groups`
+
+        Args:
+            cache(DictionaryCache): the state group cache to use
+            group(int): The state group to lookup
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns 2-tuple (`state_dict`, `got_all`).
+        `got_all` is a bool indicating if we successfully retrieved all
+        requests state from the cache, if False we need to query the DB for the
+        missing state.
+        """
+        is_all, known_absent, state_dict_ids = cache.get(group)
+
+        if is_all or state_filter.is_full():
+            # Either we have everything or want everything, either way
+            # `is_all` tells us whether we've gotten everything.
+            return state_filter.filter_state(state_dict_ids), is_all
+
+        # tracks whether any of our requested types are missing from the cache
+        missing_types = False
+
+        if state_filter.has_wildcards():
+            # We don't know if we fetched all the state keys for the types in
+            # the filter that are wildcards, so we have to assume that we may
+            # have missed some.
+            missing_types = True
+        else:
+            # There aren't any wild cards, so `concrete_types()` returns the
+            # complete list of event types we're wanting.
+            for key in state_filter.concrete_types():
+                if key not in state_dict_ids and key not in known_absent:
+                    missing_types = True
+                    break
+
+        return state_filter.filter_state(state_dict_ids), not missing_types
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _get_state_for_groups(self, groups, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
+        """Gets the state at each of a list of state groups, optionally
+        filtering by type/state_key
+
+        Args:
+            groups (iterable[int]): list of state groups for which we want
+                to get the state.
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]]]:
+                dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
+        """
+
+        member_filter, non_member_filter = state_filter.get_member_split()
+
+        # Now we look them up in the member and non-member caches
+        non_member_state, incomplete_groups_nm, = (
+            yield self._get_state_for_groups_using_cache(
+                groups, self._state_group_cache, state_filter=non_member_filter
+            )
+        )
+
+        member_state, incomplete_groups_m, = (
+            yield self._get_state_for_groups_using_cache(
+                groups, self._state_group_members_cache, state_filter=member_filter
+            )
+        )
+
+        state = dict(non_member_state)
+        for group in groups:
+            state[group].update(member_state[group])
+
+        # Now fetch any missing groups from the database
+
+        incomplete_groups = incomplete_groups_m | incomplete_groups_nm
+
+        if not incomplete_groups:
+            return state
+
+        cache_sequence_nm = self._state_group_cache.sequence
+        cache_sequence_m = self._state_group_members_cache.sequence
+
+        # Help the cache hit ratio by expanding the filter a bit
+        db_state_filter = state_filter.return_expanded()
+
+        group_to_state_dict = yield self._get_state_groups_from_groups(
+            list(incomplete_groups), state_filter=db_state_filter
+        )
+
+        # Now lets update the caches
+        self._insert_into_cache(
+            group_to_state_dict,
+            db_state_filter,
+            cache_seq_num_members=cache_sequence_m,
+            cache_seq_num_non_members=cache_sequence_nm,
+        )
+
+        # And finally update the result dict, by filtering out any extra
+        # stuff we pulled out of the database.
+        for group, group_state_dict in iteritems(group_to_state_dict):
+            # We just replace any existing entries, as we will have loaded
+            # everything we need from the database anyway.
+            state[group] = state_filter.filter_state(group_state_dict)
+
+        return state
+
+    def _get_state_for_groups_using_cache(self, groups, cache, state_filter):
+        """Gets the state at each of a list of state groups, optionally
+        filtering by type/state_key, querying from a specific cache.
+
+        Args:
+            groups (iterable[int]): list of state groups for which we want
+                to get the state.
+            cache (DictionaryCache): the cache of group ids to state dicts which
+                we will pass through - either the normal state cache or the specific
+                members state cache.
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+
+        Returns:
+            tuple[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]], set[int]]: Tuple of
+            dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
+            of entries in the cache, and the state group ids either missing
+            from the cache or incomplete.
+        """
+        results = {}
+        incomplete_groups = set()
+        for group in set(groups):
+            state_dict_ids, got_all = self._get_state_for_group_using_cache(
+                cache, group, state_filter
+            )
+            results[group] = state_dict_ids
+
+            if not got_all:
+                incomplete_groups.add(group)
+
+        return results, incomplete_groups
+
+    def _insert_into_cache(
+        self,
+        group_to_state_dict,
+        state_filter,
+        cache_seq_num_members,
+        cache_seq_num_non_members,
+    ):
+        """Inserts results from querying the database into the relevant cache.
+
+        Args:
+            group_to_state_dict (dict): The new entries pulled from database.
+                Map from state group to state dict
+            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
+                from the database.
+            cache_seq_num_members (int): Sequence number of member cache since
+                last lookup in cache
+            cache_seq_num_non_members (int): Sequence number of member cache since
+                last lookup in cache
+        """
+
+        # We need to work out which types we've fetched from the DB for the
+        # member vs non-member caches. This should be as accurate as possible,
+        # but can be an underestimate (e.g. when we have wild cards)
+
+        member_filter, non_member_filter = state_filter.get_member_split()
+        if member_filter.is_full():
+            # We fetched all member events
+            member_types = None
+        else:
+            # `concrete_types()` will only return a subset when there are wild
+            # cards in the filter, but that's fine.
+            member_types = member_filter.concrete_types()
+
+        if non_member_filter.is_full():
+            # We fetched all non member events
+            non_member_types = None
+        else:
+            non_member_types = non_member_filter.concrete_types()
+
+        for group, group_state_dict in iteritems(group_to_state_dict):
+            state_dict_members = {}
+            state_dict_non_members = {}
+
+            for k, v in iteritems(group_state_dict):
+                if k[0] == EventTypes.Member:
+                    state_dict_members[k] = v
+                else:
+                    state_dict_non_members[k] = v
+
+            self._state_group_members_cache.update(
+                cache_seq_num_members,
+                key=group,
+                value=state_dict_members,
+                fetched_keys=member_types,
+            )
+
+            self._state_group_cache.update(
+                cache_seq_num_non_members,
+                key=group,
+                value=state_dict_non_members,
+                fetched_keys=non_member_types,
+            )
+
+    def store_state_group(
+        self, event_id, room_id, prev_group, delta_ids, current_state_ids
+    ):
+        """Store a new set of state, returning a newly assigned state group.
+
+        Args:
+            event_id (str): The event ID for which the state was calculated
+            room_id (str)
+            prev_group (int|None): A previous state group for the room, optional.
+            delta_ids (dict|None): The delta between state at `prev_group` and
+                `current_state_ids`, if `prev_group` was given. Same format as
+                `current_state_ids`.
+            current_state_ids (dict): The state to store. Map of (type, state_key)
+                to event_id.
+
+        Returns:
+            Deferred[int]: The state group ID
+        """
+
+        def _store_state_group_txn(txn):
+            if current_state_ids is None:
+                # AFAIK, this can never happen
+                raise Exception("current_state_ids cannot be None")
+
+            state_group = self.database_engine.get_next_state_group_id(txn)
+
+            self._simple_insert_txn(
+                txn,
+                table="state_groups",
+                values={"id": state_group, "room_id": room_id, "event_id": event_id},
+            )
+
+            # We persist as a delta if we can, while also ensuring the chain
+            # of deltas isn't tooo long, as otherwise read performance degrades.
+            if prev_group:
+                is_in_db = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="state_groups",
+                    keyvalues={"id": prev_group},
+                    retcol="id",
+                    allow_none=True,
+                )
+                if not is_in_db:
+                    raise Exception(
+                        "Trying to persist state with unpersisted prev_group: %r"
+                        % (prev_group,)
+                    )
+
+                potential_hops = self._count_state_group_hops_txn(txn, prev_group)
+            if prev_group and potential_hops < MAX_STATE_DELTA_HOPS:
+                self._simple_insert_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="state_group_edges",
+                    values={"state_group": state_group, "prev_state_group": prev_group},
+                )
+
+                self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="state_groups_state",
+                    values=[
+                        {
+                            "state_group": state_group,
+                            "room_id": room_id,
+                            "type": key[0],
+                            "state_key": key[1],
+                            "event_id": state_id,
+                        }
+                        for key, state_id in iteritems(delta_ids)
+                    ],
+                )
+            else:
+                self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+                    txn,
+                    table="state_groups_state",
+                    values=[
+                        {
+                            "state_group": state_group,
+                            "room_id": room_id,
+                            "type": key[0],
+                            "state_key": key[1],
+                            "event_id": state_id,
+                        }
+                        for key, state_id in iteritems(current_state_ids)
+                    ],
+                )
+
+            # Prefill the state group caches with this group.
+            # It's fine to use the sequence like this as the state group map
+            # is immutable. (If the map wasn't immutable then this prefill could
+            # race with another update)
+
+            current_member_state_ids = {
+                s: ev
+                for (s, ev) in iteritems(current_state_ids)
+                if s[0] == EventTypes.Member
+            }
+            txn.call_after(
+                self._state_group_members_cache.update,
+                self._state_group_members_cache.sequence,
+                key=state_group,
+                value=dict(current_member_state_ids),
+            )
+
+            current_non_member_state_ids = {
+                s: ev
+                for (s, ev) in iteritems(current_state_ids)
+                if s[0] != EventTypes.Member
+            }
+            txn.call_after(
+                self._state_group_cache.update,
+                self._state_group_cache.sequence,
+                key=state_group,
+                value=dict(current_non_member_state_ids),
+            )
+
+            return state_group
+
+        return self.runInteraction("store_state_group", _store_state_group_txn)
+
+
+class StateBackgroundUpdateStore(
+    StateGroupBackgroundUpdateStore, BackgroundUpdateStore
+):
+
+    STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_deduplication"
+    STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_type_index"
+    CURRENT_STATE_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "current_state_members_idx"
+    EVENT_STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "event_to_state_groups_sg_index"
+
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(StateBackgroundUpdateStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+        self.register_background_update_handler(
+            self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME,
+            self._background_deduplicate_state,
+        )
+        self.register_background_update_handler(
+            self.STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME, self._background_index_state
+        )
+        self.register_background_index_update(
+            self.CURRENT_STATE_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME,
+            index_name="current_state_events_member_index",
+            table="current_state_events",
+            columns=["state_key"],
+            where_clause="type='m.room.member'",
+        )
+        self.register_background_index_update(
+            self.EVENT_STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME,
+            index_name="event_to_state_groups_sg_index",
+            table="event_to_state_groups",
+            columns=["state_group"],
+        )
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _background_deduplicate_state(self, progress, batch_size):
+        """This background update will slowly deduplicate state by reencoding
+        them as deltas.
+        """
+        last_state_group = progress.get("last_state_group", 0)
+        rows_inserted = progress.get("rows_inserted", 0)
+        max_group = progress.get("max_group", None)
+
+        BATCH_SIZE_SCALE_FACTOR = 100
+
+        batch_size = max(1, int(batch_size / BATCH_SIZE_SCALE_FACTOR))
+
+        if max_group is None:
+            rows = yield self._execute(
+                "_background_deduplicate_state",
+                None,
+                "SELECT coalesce(max(id), 0) FROM state_groups",
+            )
+            max_group = rows[0][0]
+
+        def reindex_txn(txn):
+            new_last_state_group = last_state_group
+            for count in range(batch_size):
+                txn.execute(
+                    "SELECT id, room_id FROM state_groups"
+                    " WHERE ? < id AND id <= ?"
+                    " ORDER BY id ASC"
+                    " LIMIT 1",
+                    (new_last_state_group, max_group),
+                )
+                row = txn.fetchone()
+                if row:
+                    state_group, room_id = row
+
+                if not row or not state_group:
+                    return True, count
+
+                txn.execute(
+                    "SELECT state_group FROM state_group_edges"
+                    " WHERE state_group = ?",
+                    (state_group,),
+                )
+
+                # If we reach a point where we've already started inserting
+                # edges we should stop.
+                if txn.fetchall():
+                    return True, count
+
+                txn.execute(
+                    "SELECT coalesce(max(id), 0) FROM state_groups"
+                    " WHERE id < ? AND room_id = ?",
+                    (state_group, room_id),
+                )
+                prev_group, = txn.fetchone()
+                new_last_state_group = state_group
+
+                if prev_group:
+                    potential_hops = self._count_state_group_hops_txn(txn, prev_group)
+                    if potential_hops >= MAX_STATE_DELTA_HOPS:
+                        # We want to ensure chains are at most this long,#
+                        # otherwise read performance degrades.
+                        continue
+
+                    prev_state = self._get_state_groups_from_groups_txn(
+                        txn, [prev_group]
+                    )
+                    prev_state = prev_state[prev_group]
+
+                    curr_state = self._get_state_groups_from_groups_txn(
+                        txn, [state_group]
+                    )
+                    curr_state = curr_state[state_group]
+
+                    if not set(prev_state.keys()) - set(curr_state.keys()):
+                        # We can only do a delta if the current has a strict super set
+                        # of keys
+
+                        delta_state = {
+                            key: value
+                            for key, value in iteritems(curr_state)
+                            if prev_state.get(key, None) != value
+                        }
+
+                        self._simple_delete_txn(
+                            txn,
+                            table="state_group_edges",
+                            keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
+                        )
+
+                        self._simple_insert_txn(
+                            txn,
+                            table="state_group_edges",
+                            values={
+                                "state_group": state_group,
+                                "prev_state_group": prev_group,
+                            },
+                        )
+
+                        self._simple_delete_txn(
+                            txn,
+                            table="state_groups_state",
+                            keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
+                        )
+
+                        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+                            txn,
+                            table="state_groups_state",
+                            values=[
+                                {
+                                    "state_group": state_group,
+                                    "room_id": room_id,
+                                    "type": key[0],
+                                    "state_key": key[1],
+                                    "event_id": state_id,
+                                }
+                                for key, state_id in iteritems(delta_state)
+                            ],
+                        )
+
+            progress = {
+                "last_state_group": state_group,
+                "rows_inserted": rows_inserted + batch_size,
+                "max_group": max_group,
+            }
+
+            self._background_update_progress_txn(
+                txn, self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME, progress
+            )
+
+            return False, batch_size
+
+        finished, result = yield self.runInteraction(
+            self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME, reindex_txn
+        )
+
+        if finished:
+            yield self._end_background_update(
+                self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME
+            )
+
+        return result * BATCH_SIZE_SCALE_FACTOR
+
+    @defer.inlineCallbacks
+    def _background_index_state(self, progress, batch_size):
+        def reindex_txn(conn):
+            conn.rollback()
+            if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
+                # postgres insists on autocommit for the index
+                conn.set_session(autocommit=True)
+                try:
+                    txn = conn.cursor()
+                    txn.execute(
+                        "CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY state_groups_state_type_idx"
+                        " ON state_groups_state(state_group, type, state_key)"
+                    )
+                    txn.execute("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS state_groups_state_id")
+                finally:
+                    conn.set_session(autocommit=False)
+            else:
+                txn = conn.cursor()
+                txn.execute(
+                    "CREATE INDEX state_groups_state_type_idx"
+                    " ON state_groups_state(state_group, type, state_key)"
+                )
+                txn.execute("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS state_groups_state_id")
+
+        yield self.runWithConnection(reindex_txn)
+
+        yield self._end_background_update(self.STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME)
+
+        return 1
+
+
+class StateStore(StateGroupWorkerStore, StateBackgroundUpdateStore):
+    """ Keeps track of the state at a given event.
+
+    This is done by the concept of `state groups`. Every event is a assigned
+    a state group (identified by an arbitrary string), which references a
+    collection of state events. The current state of an event is then the
+    collection of state events referenced by the event's state group.
+
+    Hence, every change in the current state causes a new state group to be
+    generated. However, if no change happens (e.g., if we get a message event
+    with only one parent it inherits the state group from its parent.)
+
+    There are three tables:
+      * `state_groups`: Stores group name, first event with in the group and
+        room id.
+      * `event_to_state_groups`: Maps events to state groups.
+      * `state_groups_state`: Maps state group to state events.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
+        super(StateStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
+
+    def _store_event_state_mappings_txn(self, txn, events_and_contexts):
+        state_groups = {}
+        for event, context in events_and_contexts:
+            if event.internal_metadata.is_outlier():
+                continue
+
+            # if the event was rejected, just give it the same state as its
+            # predecessor.
+            if context.rejected:
+                state_groups[event.event_id] = context.prev_group
+                continue
+
+            state_groups[event.event_id] = context.state_group
+
+        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
+            txn,
+            table="event_to_state_groups",
+            values=[
+                {"state_group": state_group_id, "event_id": event_id}
+                for event_id, state_group_id in iteritems(state_groups)
+            ],
+        )
+
+        for event_id, state_group_id in iteritems(state_groups):
+            txn.call_after(
+                self._get_state_group_for_event.prefill, (event_id,), state_group_id
+            )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/state_deltas.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/state_deltas.py
index 28f33ec18f..28f33ec18f 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/state_deltas.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/state_deltas.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/stats.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/stats.py
index 7c224cd3d9..5ab639b2ad 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/stats.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/stats.py
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 from twisted.internet.defer import DeferredLock
 
 from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership
-from synapse.storage import PostgresEngine
-from synapse.storage.state_deltas import StateDeltasStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.state_deltas import StateDeltasStore
+from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/stream.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/stream.py
index 490454f19a..263999dfca 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/stream.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/stream.py
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.logging.context import make_deferred_yieldable, run_in_background
 from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
 from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
 from synapse.types import RoomStreamToken
 from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/tags.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/tags.py
index 20dd6bd53d..10d1887f75 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/tags.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/tags.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from canonicaljson import json
 
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
-from synapse.storage.account_data import AccountDataWorkerStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.account_data import AccountDataWorkerStore
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/transactions.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/transactions.py
index 289c117396..01b1be5e14 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/transactions.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/transactions.py
@@ -23,10 +23,9 @@ from canonicaljson import encode_canonical_json
 from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
+from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
 from synapse.util.caches.expiringcache import ExpiringCache
 
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore, db_to_json
-
 # py2 sqlite has buffer hardcoded as only binary type, so we must use it,
 # despite being deprecated and removed in favor of memoryview
 if six.PY2:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/user_directory.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/user_directory.py
index 1b1e4751b9..652abe0e6a 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/user_directory.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/user_directory.py
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ from twisted.internet import defer
 
 from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, JoinRules
 from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.state import StateFilter
+from synapse.storage.data_stores.main.state_deltas import StateDeltasStore
 from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine, Sqlite3Engine
-from synapse.storage.state import StateFilter
-from synapse.storage.state_deltas import StateDeltasStore
 from synapse.types import get_domain_from_id, get_localpart_from_id
 from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached
 
diff --git a/synapse/storage/user_erasure_store.py b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/user_erasure_store.py
index aa4f0da5f0..aa4f0da5f0 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/user_erasure_store.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/data_stores/main/user_erasure_store.py
diff --git a/synapse/storage/keys.py b/synapse/storage/keys.py
index e72f89e446..4769b21529 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/keys.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/keys.py
@@ -14,208 +14,14 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-import itertools
 import logging
 
-import six
-
 import attr
-from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes
-
-from synapse.util import batch_iter
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
-
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-# py2 sqlite has buffer hardcoded as only binary type, so we must use it,
-# despite being deprecated and removed in favor of memoryview
-if six.PY2:
-    db_binary_type = six.moves.builtins.buffer
-else:
-    db_binary_type = memoryview
-
 
 @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True)
 class FetchKeyResult(object):
     verify_key = attr.ib()  # VerifyKey: the key itself
     valid_until_ts = attr.ib()  # int: how long we can use this key for
-
-
-class KeyStore(SQLBaseStore):
-    """Persistence for signature verification keys
-    """
-
-    @cached()
-    def _get_server_verify_key(self, server_name_and_key_id):
-        raise NotImplementedError()
-
-    @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="_get_server_verify_key", list_name="server_name_and_key_ids"
-    )
-    def get_server_verify_keys(self, server_name_and_key_ids):
-        """
-        Args:
-            server_name_and_key_ids (iterable[Tuple[str, str]]):
-                iterable of (server_name, key-id) tuples to fetch keys for
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred: resolves to dict[Tuple[str, str], FetchKeyResult|None]:
-                map from (server_name, key_id) -> FetchKeyResult, or None if the key is
-                unknown
-        """
-        keys = {}
-
-        def _get_keys(txn, batch):
-            """Processes a batch of keys to fetch, and adds the result to `keys`."""
-
-            # batch_iter always returns tuples so it's safe to do len(batch)
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT server_name, key_id, verify_key, ts_valid_until_ms "
-                "FROM server_signature_keys WHERE 1=0"
-            ) + " OR (server_name=? AND key_id=?)" * len(batch)
-
-            txn.execute(sql, tuple(itertools.chain.from_iterable(batch)))
-
-            for row in txn:
-                server_name, key_id, key_bytes, ts_valid_until_ms = row
-
-                if ts_valid_until_ms is None:
-                    # Old keys may be stored with a ts_valid_until_ms of null,
-                    # in which case we treat this as if it was set to `0`, i.e.
-                    # it won't match key requests that define a minimum
-                    # `ts_valid_until_ms`.
-                    ts_valid_until_ms = 0
-
-                res = FetchKeyResult(
-                    verify_key=decode_verify_key_bytes(key_id, bytes(key_bytes)),
-                    valid_until_ts=ts_valid_until_ms,
-                )
-                keys[(server_name, key_id)] = res
-
-        def _txn(txn):
-            for batch in batch_iter(server_name_and_key_ids, 50):
-                _get_keys(txn, batch)
-            return keys
-
-        return self.runInteraction("get_server_verify_keys", _txn)
-
-    def store_server_verify_keys(self, from_server, ts_added_ms, verify_keys):
-        """Stores NACL verification keys for remote servers.
-        Args:
-            from_server (str): Where the verification keys were looked up
-            ts_added_ms (int): The time to record that the key was added
-            verify_keys (iterable[tuple[str, str, FetchKeyResult]]):
-                keys to be stored. Each entry is a triplet of
-                (server_name, key_id, key).
-        """
-        key_values = []
-        value_values = []
-        invalidations = []
-        for server_name, key_id, fetch_result in verify_keys:
-            key_values.append((server_name, key_id))
-            value_values.append(
-                (
-                    from_server,
-                    ts_added_ms,
-                    fetch_result.valid_until_ts,
-                    db_binary_type(fetch_result.verify_key.encode()),
-                )
-            )
-            # invalidate takes a tuple corresponding to the params of
-            # _get_server_verify_key. _get_server_verify_key only takes one
-            # param, which is itself the 2-tuple (server_name, key_id).
-            invalidations.append((server_name, key_id))
-
-        def _invalidate(res):
-            f = self._get_server_verify_key.invalidate
-            for i in invalidations:
-                f((i,))
-            return res
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "store_server_verify_keys",
-            self._simple_upsert_many_txn,
-            table="server_signature_keys",
-            key_names=("server_name", "key_id"),
-            key_values=key_values,
-            value_names=(
-                "from_server",
-                "ts_added_ms",
-                "ts_valid_until_ms",
-                "verify_key",
-            ),
-            value_values=value_values,
-        ).addCallback(_invalidate)
-
-    def store_server_keys_json(
-        self, server_name, key_id, from_server, ts_now_ms, ts_expires_ms, key_json_bytes
-    ):
-        """Stores the JSON bytes for a set of keys from a server
-        The JSON should be signed by the originating server, the intermediate
-        server, and by this server. Updates the value for the
-        (server_name, key_id, from_server) triplet if one already existed.
-        Args:
-            server_name (str): The name of the server.
-            key_id (str): The identifer of the key this JSON is for.
-            from_server (str): The server this JSON was fetched from.
-            ts_now_ms (int): The time now in milliseconds.
-            ts_valid_until_ms (int): The time when this json stops being valid.
-            key_json (bytes): The encoded JSON.
-        """
-        return self._simple_upsert(
-            table="server_keys_json",
-            keyvalues={
-                "server_name": server_name,
-                "key_id": key_id,
-                "from_server": from_server,
-            },
-            values={
-                "server_name": server_name,
-                "key_id": key_id,
-                "from_server": from_server,
-                "ts_added_ms": ts_now_ms,
-                "ts_valid_until_ms": ts_expires_ms,
-                "key_json": db_binary_type(key_json_bytes),
-            },
-            desc="store_server_keys_json",
-        )
-
-    def get_server_keys_json(self, server_keys):
-        """Retrive the key json for a list of server_keys and key ids.
-        If no keys are found for a given server, key_id and source then
-        that server, key_id, and source triplet entry will be an empty list.
-        The JSON is returned as a byte array so that it can be efficiently
-        used in an HTTP response.
-        Args:
-            server_keys (list): List of (server_name, key_id, source) triplets.
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[Tuple[str, str, str|None], list[dict]]]:
-                Dict mapping (server_name, key_id, source) triplets to lists of dicts
-        """
-
-        def _get_server_keys_json_txn(txn):
-            results = {}
-            for server_name, key_id, from_server in server_keys:
-                keyvalues = {"server_name": server_name}
-                if key_id is not None:
-                    keyvalues["key_id"] = key_id
-                if from_server is not None:
-                    keyvalues["from_server"] = from_server
-                rows = self._simple_select_list_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    "server_keys_json",
-                    keyvalues=keyvalues,
-                    retcols=(
-                        "key_id",
-                        "from_server",
-                        "ts_added_ms",
-                        "ts_valid_until_ms",
-                        "key_json",
-                    ),
-                )
-                results[(server_name, key_id, from_server)] = rows
-            return results
-
-        return self.runInteraction("get_server_keys_json", _get_server_keys_json_txn)
diff --git a/synapse/storage/presence.py b/synapse/storage/presence.py
index 3a641f538b..18a462f0ee 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/presence.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/presence.py
@@ -15,12 +15,7 @@
 
 from collections import namedtuple
 
-from twisted.internet import defer
-
 from synapse.api.constants import PresenceState
-from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore, make_in_list_sql_clause
-from synapse.util import batch_iter
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
 
 
 class UserPresenceState(
@@ -72,132 +67,3 @@ class UserPresenceState(
             status_msg=None,
             currently_active=False,
         )
-
-
-class PresenceStore(SQLBaseStore):
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def update_presence(self, presence_states):
-        stream_ordering_manager = self._presence_id_gen.get_next_mult(
-            len(presence_states)
-        )
-
-        with stream_ordering_manager as stream_orderings:
-            yield self.runInteraction(
-                "update_presence",
-                self._update_presence_txn,
-                stream_orderings,
-                presence_states,
-            )
-
-        return stream_orderings[-1], self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token()
-
-    def _update_presence_txn(self, txn, stream_orderings, presence_states):
-        for stream_id, state in zip(stream_orderings, presence_states):
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.presence_stream_cache.entity_has_changed, state.user_id, stream_id
-            )
-            txn.call_after(self._get_presence_for_user.invalidate, (state.user_id,))
-
-        # Actually insert new rows
-        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
-            txn,
-            table="presence_stream",
-            values=[
-                {
-                    "stream_id": stream_id,
-                    "user_id": state.user_id,
-                    "state": state.state,
-                    "last_active_ts": state.last_active_ts,
-                    "last_federation_update_ts": state.last_federation_update_ts,
-                    "last_user_sync_ts": state.last_user_sync_ts,
-                    "status_msg": state.status_msg,
-                    "currently_active": state.currently_active,
-                }
-                for state in presence_states
-            ],
-        )
-
-        # Delete old rows to stop database from getting really big
-        sql = "DELETE FROM presence_stream WHERE stream_id < ? AND "
-
-        for states in batch_iter(presence_states, 50):
-            clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
-                self.database_engine, "user_id", [s.user_id for s in states]
-            )
-            txn.execute(sql + clause, [stream_id] + list(args))
-
-    def get_all_presence_updates(self, last_id, current_id):
-        if last_id == current_id:
-            return defer.succeed([])
-
-        def get_all_presence_updates_txn(txn):
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT stream_id, user_id, state, last_active_ts,"
-                " last_federation_update_ts, last_user_sync_ts, status_msg,"
-                " currently_active"
-                " FROM presence_stream"
-                " WHERE ? < stream_id AND stream_id <= ?"
-            )
-            txn.execute(sql, (last_id, current_id))
-            return txn.fetchall()
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_all_presence_updates", get_all_presence_updates_txn
-        )
-
-    @cached()
-    def _get_presence_for_user(self, user_id):
-        raise NotImplementedError()
-
-    @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="_get_presence_for_user",
-        list_name="user_ids",
-        num_args=1,
-        inlineCallbacks=True,
-    )
-    def get_presence_for_users(self, user_ids):
-        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
-            table="presence_stream",
-            column="user_id",
-            iterable=user_ids,
-            keyvalues={},
-            retcols=(
-                "user_id",
-                "state",
-                "last_active_ts",
-                "last_federation_update_ts",
-                "last_user_sync_ts",
-                "status_msg",
-                "currently_active",
-            ),
-            desc="get_presence_for_users",
-        )
-
-        for row in rows:
-            row["currently_active"] = bool(row["currently_active"])
-
-        return {row["user_id"]: UserPresenceState(**row) for row in rows}
-
-    def get_current_presence_token(self):
-        return self._presence_id_gen.get_current_token()
-
-    def allow_presence_visible(self, observed_localpart, observer_userid):
-        return self._simple_insert(
-            table="presence_allow_inbound",
-            values={
-                "observed_user_id": observed_localpart,
-                "observer_user_id": observer_userid,
-            },
-            desc="allow_presence_visible",
-            or_ignore=True,
-        )
-
-    def disallow_presence_visible(self, observed_localpart, observer_userid):
-        return self._simple_delete_one(
-            table="presence_allow_inbound",
-            keyvalues={
-                "observed_user_id": observed_localpart,
-                "observer_user_id": observer_userid,
-            },
-            desc="disallow_presence_visible",
-        )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/push_rule.py b/synapse/storage/push_rule.py
index c4e24edff2..f47cec0d86 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/push_rule.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/push_rule.py
@@ -14,704 +14,6 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-import abc
-import logging
-
-from canonicaljson import json
-
-from twisted.internet import defer
-
-from synapse.push.baserules import list_with_base_rules
-from synapse.storage.appservice import ApplicationServiceWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.pusher import PusherWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.receipts import ReceiptsWorkerStore
-from synapse.storage.roommember import RoomMemberWorkerStore
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cachedInlineCallbacks, cachedList
-from synapse.util.caches.stream_change_cache import StreamChangeCache
-
-from ._base import SQLBaseStore
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def _load_rules(rawrules, enabled_map):
-    ruleslist = []
-    for rawrule in rawrules:
-        rule = dict(rawrule)
-        rule["conditions"] = json.loads(rawrule["conditions"])
-        rule["actions"] = json.loads(rawrule["actions"])
-        ruleslist.append(rule)
-
-    # We're going to be mutating this a lot, so do a deep copy
-    rules = list(list_with_base_rules(ruleslist))
-
-    for i, rule in enumerate(rules):
-        rule_id = rule["rule_id"]
-        if rule_id in enabled_map:
-            if rule.get("enabled", True) != bool(enabled_map[rule_id]):
-                # Rules are cached across users.
-                rule = dict(rule)
-                rule["enabled"] = bool(enabled_map[rule_id])
-                rules[i] = rule
-
-    return rules
-
-
-class PushRulesWorkerStore(
-    ApplicationServiceWorkerStore,
-    ReceiptsWorkerStore,
-    PusherWorkerStore,
-    RoomMemberWorkerStore,
-    SQLBaseStore,
-):
-    """This is an abstract base class where subclasses must implement
-    `get_max_push_rules_stream_id` which can be called in the initializer.
-    """
-
-    # This ABCMeta metaclass ensures that we cannot be instantiated without
-    # the abstract methods being implemented.
-    __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
-
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(PushRulesWorkerStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-
-        push_rules_prefill, push_rules_id = self._get_cache_dict(
-            db_conn,
-            "push_rules_stream",
-            entity_column="user_id",
-            stream_column="stream_id",
-            max_value=self.get_max_push_rules_stream_id(),
-        )
-
-        self.push_rules_stream_cache = StreamChangeCache(
-            "PushRulesStreamChangeCache",
-            push_rules_id,
-            prefilled_cache=push_rules_prefill,
-        )
-
-    @abc.abstractmethod
-    def get_max_push_rules_stream_id(self):
-        """Get the position of the push rules stream.
-
-        Returns:
-            int
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError()
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=5000)
-    def get_push_rules_for_user(self, user_id):
-        rows = yield self._simple_select_list(
-            table="push_rules",
-            keyvalues={"user_name": user_id},
-            retcols=(
-                "user_name",
-                "rule_id",
-                "priority_class",
-                "priority",
-                "conditions",
-                "actions",
-            ),
-            desc="get_push_rules_enabled_for_user",
-        )
-
-        rows.sort(key=lambda row: (-int(row["priority_class"]), -int(row["priority"])))
-
-        enabled_map = yield self.get_push_rules_enabled_for_user(user_id)
-
-        rules = _load_rules(rows, enabled_map)
-
-        return rules
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=5000)
-    def get_push_rules_enabled_for_user(self, user_id):
-        results = yield self._simple_select_list(
-            table="push_rules_enable",
-            keyvalues={"user_name": user_id},
-            retcols=("user_name", "rule_id", "enabled"),
-            desc="get_push_rules_enabled_for_user",
-        )
-        return {r["rule_id"]: False if r["enabled"] == 0 else True for r in results}
-
-    def have_push_rules_changed_for_user(self, user_id, last_id):
-        if not self.push_rules_stream_cache.has_entity_changed(user_id, last_id):
-            return defer.succeed(False)
-        else:
-
-            def have_push_rules_changed_txn(txn):
-                sql = (
-                    "SELECT COUNT(stream_id) FROM push_rules_stream"
-                    " WHERE user_id = ? AND ? < stream_id"
-                )
-                txn.execute(sql, (user_id, last_id))
-                count, = txn.fetchone()
-                return bool(count)
-
-            return self.runInteraction(
-                "have_push_rules_changed", have_push_rules_changed_txn
-            )
-
-    @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="get_push_rules_for_user",
-        list_name="user_ids",
-        num_args=1,
-        inlineCallbacks=True,
-    )
-    def bulk_get_push_rules(self, user_ids):
-        if not user_ids:
-            return {}
-
-        results = {user_id: [] for user_id in user_ids}
-
-        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
-            table="push_rules",
-            column="user_name",
-            iterable=user_ids,
-            retcols=("*",),
-            desc="bulk_get_push_rules",
-        )
-
-        rows.sort(key=lambda row: (-int(row["priority_class"]), -int(row["priority"])))
-
-        for row in rows:
-            results.setdefault(row["user_name"], []).append(row)
-
-        enabled_map_by_user = yield self.bulk_get_push_rules_enabled(user_ids)
-
-        for user_id, rules in results.items():
-            results[user_id] = _load_rules(rules, enabled_map_by_user.get(user_id, {}))
-
-        return results
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def copy_push_rule_from_room_to_room(self, new_room_id, user_id, rule):
-        """Copy a single push rule from one room to another for a specific user.
-
-        Args:
-            new_room_id (str): ID of the new room.
-            user_id (str): ID of user the push rule belongs to.
-            rule (Dict): A push rule.
-        """
-        # Create new rule id
-        rule_id_scope = "/".join(rule["rule_id"].split("/")[:-1])
-        new_rule_id = rule_id_scope + "/" + new_room_id
-
-        # Change room id in each condition
-        for condition in rule.get("conditions", []):
-            if condition.get("key") == "room_id":
-                condition["pattern"] = new_room_id
-
-        # Add the rule for the new room
-        yield self.add_push_rule(
-            user_id=user_id,
-            rule_id=new_rule_id,
-            priority_class=rule["priority_class"],
-            conditions=rule["conditions"],
-            actions=rule["actions"],
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def copy_push_rules_from_room_to_room_for_user(
-        self, old_room_id, new_room_id, user_id
-    ):
-        """Copy all of the push rules from one room to another for a specific
-        user.
-
-        Args:
-            old_room_id (str): ID of the old room.
-            new_room_id (str): ID of the new room.
-            user_id (str): ID of user to copy push rules for.
-        """
-        # Retrieve push rules for this user
-        user_push_rules = yield self.get_push_rules_for_user(user_id)
-
-        # Get rules relating to the old room and copy them to the new room
-        for rule in user_push_rules:
-            conditions = rule.get("conditions", [])
-            if any(
-                (c.get("key") == "room_id" and c.get("pattern") == old_room_id)
-                for c in conditions
-            ):
-                yield self.copy_push_rule_from_room_to_room(new_room_id, user_id, rule)
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def bulk_get_push_rules_for_room(self, event, context):
-        state_group = context.state_group
-        if not state_group:
-            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
-            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
-            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
-            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
-            state_group = object()
-
-        current_state_ids = yield context.get_current_state_ids(self)
-        result = yield self._bulk_get_push_rules_for_room(
-            event.room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, event=event
-        )
-        return result
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2, cache_context=True)
-    def _bulk_get_push_rules_for_room(
-        self, room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, cache_context, event=None
-    ):
-        # We don't use `state_group`, its there so that we can cache based
-        # on it. However, its important that its never None, since two current_state's
-        # with a state_group of None are likely to be different.
-        # See bulk_get_push_rules_for_room for how we work around this.
-        assert state_group is not None
-
-        # We also will want to generate notifs for other people in the room so
-        # their unread countss are correct in the event stream, but to avoid
-        # generating them for bot / AS users etc, we only do so for people who've
-        # sent a read receipt into the room.
-
-        users_in_room = yield self._get_joined_users_from_context(
-            room_id,
-            state_group,
-            current_state_ids,
-            on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate,
-            event=event,
-        )
-
-        # We ignore app service users for now. This is so that we don't fill
-        # up the `get_if_users_have_pushers` cache with AS entries that we
-        # know don't have pushers, nor even read receipts.
-        local_users_in_room = set(
-            u
-            for u in users_in_room
-            if self.hs.is_mine_id(u)
-            and not self.get_if_app_services_interested_in_user(u)
-        )
-
-        # users in the room who have pushers need to get push rules run because
-        # that's how their pushers work
-        if_users_with_pushers = yield self.get_if_users_have_pushers(
-            local_users_in_room, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
-        )
-        user_ids = set(
-            uid for uid, have_pusher in if_users_with_pushers.items() if have_pusher
-        )
-
-        users_with_receipts = yield self.get_users_with_read_receipts_in_room(
-            room_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
-        )
-
-        # any users with pushers must be ours: they have pushers
-        for uid in users_with_receipts:
-            if uid in local_users_in_room:
-                user_ids.add(uid)
-
-        rules_by_user = yield self.bulk_get_push_rules(
-            user_ids, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
-        )
-
-        rules_by_user = {k: v for k, v in rules_by_user.items() if v is not None}
-
-        return rules_by_user
-
-    @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="get_push_rules_enabled_for_user",
-        list_name="user_ids",
-        num_args=1,
-        inlineCallbacks=True,
-    )
-    def bulk_get_push_rules_enabled(self, user_ids):
-        if not user_ids:
-            return {}
-
-        results = {user_id: {} for user_id in user_ids}
-
-        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
-            table="push_rules_enable",
-            column="user_name",
-            iterable=user_ids,
-            retcols=("user_name", "rule_id", "enabled"),
-            desc="bulk_get_push_rules_enabled",
-        )
-        for row in rows:
-            enabled = bool(row["enabled"])
-            results.setdefault(row["user_name"], {})[row["rule_id"]] = enabled
-        return results
-
-
-class PushRuleStore(PushRulesWorkerStore):
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def add_push_rule(
-        self,
-        user_id,
-        rule_id,
-        priority_class,
-        conditions,
-        actions,
-        before=None,
-        after=None,
-    ):
-        conditions_json = json.dumps(conditions)
-        actions_json = json.dumps(actions)
-        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
-            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
-            if before or after:
-                yield self.runInteraction(
-                    "_add_push_rule_relative_txn",
-                    self._add_push_rule_relative_txn,
-                    stream_id,
-                    event_stream_ordering,
-                    user_id,
-                    rule_id,
-                    priority_class,
-                    conditions_json,
-                    actions_json,
-                    before,
-                    after,
-                )
-            else:
-                yield self.runInteraction(
-                    "_add_push_rule_highest_priority_txn",
-                    self._add_push_rule_highest_priority_txn,
-                    stream_id,
-                    event_stream_ordering,
-                    user_id,
-                    rule_id,
-                    priority_class,
-                    conditions_json,
-                    actions_json,
-                )
-
-    def _add_push_rule_relative_txn(
-        self,
-        txn,
-        stream_id,
-        event_stream_ordering,
-        user_id,
-        rule_id,
-        priority_class,
-        conditions_json,
-        actions_json,
-        before,
-        after,
-    ):
-        # Lock the table since otherwise we'll have annoying races between the
-        # SELECT here and the UPSERT below.
-        self.database_engine.lock_table(txn, "push_rules")
-
-        relative_to_rule = before or after
-
-        res = self._simple_select_one_txn(
-            txn,
-            table="push_rules",
-            keyvalues={"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": relative_to_rule},
-            retcols=["priority_class", "priority"],
-            allow_none=True,
-        )
-
-        if not res:
-            raise RuleNotFoundException(
-                "before/after rule not found: %s" % (relative_to_rule,)
-            )
-
-        base_priority_class = res["priority_class"]
-        base_rule_priority = res["priority"]
-
-        if base_priority_class != priority_class:
-            raise InconsistentRuleException(
-                "Given priority class does not match class of relative rule"
-            )
-
-        if before:
-            # Higher priority rules are executed first, So adding a rule before
-            # a rule means giving it a higher priority than that rule.
-            new_rule_priority = base_rule_priority + 1
-        else:
-            # We increment the priority of the existing rules to make space for
-            # the new rule. Therefore if we want this rule to appear after
-            # an existing rule we give it the priority of the existing rule,
-            # and then increment the priority of the existing rule.
-            new_rule_priority = base_rule_priority
-
-        sql = (
-            "UPDATE push_rules SET priority = priority + 1"
-            " WHERE user_name = ? AND priority_class = ? AND priority >= ?"
-        )
-
-        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, priority_class, new_rule_priority))
-
-        self._upsert_push_rule_txn(
-            txn,
-            stream_id,
-            event_stream_ordering,
-            user_id,
-            rule_id,
-            priority_class,
-            new_rule_priority,
-            conditions_json,
-            actions_json,
-        )
-
-    def _add_push_rule_highest_priority_txn(
-        self,
-        txn,
-        stream_id,
-        event_stream_ordering,
-        user_id,
-        rule_id,
-        priority_class,
-        conditions_json,
-        actions_json,
-    ):
-        # Lock the table since otherwise we'll have annoying races between the
-        # SELECT here and the UPSERT below.
-        self.database_engine.lock_table(txn, "push_rules")
-
-        # find the highest priority rule in that class
-        sql = (
-            "SELECT COUNT(*), MAX(priority) FROM push_rules"
-            " WHERE user_name = ? and priority_class = ?"
-        )
-        txn.execute(sql, (user_id, priority_class))
-        res = txn.fetchall()
-        (how_many, highest_prio) = res[0]
-
-        new_prio = 0
-        if how_many > 0:
-            new_prio = highest_prio + 1
-
-        self._upsert_push_rule_txn(
-            txn,
-            stream_id,
-            event_stream_ordering,
-            user_id,
-            rule_id,
-            priority_class,
-            new_prio,
-            conditions_json,
-            actions_json,
-        )
-
-    def _upsert_push_rule_txn(
-        self,
-        txn,
-        stream_id,
-        event_stream_ordering,
-        user_id,
-        rule_id,
-        priority_class,
-        priority,
-        conditions_json,
-        actions_json,
-        update_stream=True,
-    ):
-        """Specialised version of _simple_upsert_txn that picks a push_rule_id
-        using the _push_rule_id_gen if it needs to insert the rule. It assumes
-        that the "push_rules" table is locked"""
-
-        sql = (
-            "UPDATE push_rules"
-            " SET priority_class = ?, priority = ?, conditions = ?, actions = ?"
-            " WHERE user_name = ? AND rule_id = ?"
-        )
-
-        txn.execute(
-            sql,
-            (priority_class, priority, conditions_json, actions_json, user_id, rule_id),
-        )
-
-        if txn.rowcount == 0:
-            # We didn't update a row with the given rule_id so insert one
-            push_rule_id = self._push_rule_id_gen.get_next()
-
-            self._simple_insert_txn(
-                txn,
-                table="push_rules",
-                values={
-                    "id": push_rule_id,
-                    "user_name": user_id,
-                    "rule_id": rule_id,
-                    "priority_class": priority_class,
-                    "priority": priority,
-                    "conditions": conditions_json,
-                    "actions": actions_json,
-                },
-            )
-
-        if update_stream:
-            self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
-                txn,
-                stream_id,
-                event_stream_ordering,
-                user_id,
-                rule_id,
-                op="ADD",
-                data={
-                    "priority_class": priority_class,
-                    "priority": priority,
-                    "conditions": conditions_json,
-                    "actions": actions_json,
-                },
-            )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def delete_push_rule(self, user_id, rule_id):
-        """
-        Delete a push rule. Args specify the row to be deleted and can be
-        any of the columns in the push_rule table, but below are the
-        standard ones
-
-        Args:
-            user_id (str): The matrix ID of the push rule owner
-            rule_id (str): The rule_id of the rule to be deleted
-        """
-
-        def delete_push_rule_txn(txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering):
-            self._simple_delete_one_txn(
-                txn, "push_rules", {"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": rule_id}
-            )
-
-            self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
-                txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id, op="DELETE"
-            )
-
-        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
-            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
-            yield self.runInteraction(
-                "delete_push_rule",
-                delete_push_rule_txn,
-                stream_id,
-                event_stream_ordering,
-            )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def set_push_rule_enabled(self, user_id, rule_id, enabled):
-        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
-            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
-            yield self.runInteraction(
-                "_set_push_rule_enabled_txn",
-                self._set_push_rule_enabled_txn,
-                stream_id,
-                event_stream_ordering,
-                user_id,
-                rule_id,
-                enabled,
-            )
-
-    def _set_push_rule_enabled_txn(
-        self, txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id, enabled
-    ):
-        new_id = self._push_rules_enable_id_gen.get_next()
-        self._simple_upsert_txn(
-            txn,
-            "push_rules_enable",
-            {"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": rule_id},
-            {"enabled": 1 if enabled else 0},
-            {"id": new_id},
-        )
-
-        self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
-            txn,
-            stream_id,
-            event_stream_ordering,
-            user_id,
-            rule_id,
-            op="ENABLE" if enabled else "DISABLE",
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def set_push_rule_actions(self, user_id, rule_id, actions, is_default_rule):
-        actions_json = json.dumps(actions)
-
-        def set_push_rule_actions_txn(txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering):
-            if is_default_rule:
-                # Add a dummy rule to the rules table with the user specified
-                # actions.
-                priority_class = -1
-                priority = 1
-                self._upsert_push_rule_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    stream_id,
-                    event_stream_ordering,
-                    user_id,
-                    rule_id,
-                    priority_class,
-                    priority,
-                    "[]",
-                    actions_json,
-                    update_stream=False,
-                )
-            else:
-                self._simple_update_one_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    "push_rules",
-                    {"user_name": user_id, "rule_id": rule_id},
-                    {"actions": actions_json},
-                )
-
-            self._insert_push_rules_update_txn(
-                txn,
-                stream_id,
-                event_stream_ordering,
-                user_id,
-                rule_id,
-                op="ACTIONS",
-                data={"actions": actions_json},
-            )
-
-        with self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_next() as ids:
-            stream_id, event_stream_ordering = ids
-            yield self.runInteraction(
-                "set_push_rule_actions",
-                set_push_rule_actions_txn,
-                stream_id,
-                event_stream_ordering,
-            )
-
-    def _insert_push_rules_update_txn(
-        self, txn, stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id, op, data=None
-    ):
-        values = {
-            "stream_id": stream_id,
-            "event_stream_ordering": event_stream_ordering,
-            "user_id": user_id,
-            "rule_id": rule_id,
-            "op": op,
-        }
-        if data is not None:
-            values.update(data)
-
-        self._simple_insert_txn(txn, "push_rules_stream", values=values)
-
-        txn.call_after(self.get_push_rules_for_user.invalidate, (user_id,))
-        txn.call_after(self.get_push_rules_enabled_for_user.invalidate, (user_id,))
-        txn.call_after(
-            self.push_rules_stream_cache.entity_has_changed, user_id, stream_id
-        )
-
-    def get_all_push_rule_updates(self, last_id, current_id, limit):
-        """Get all the push rules changes that have happend on the server"""
-        if last_id == current_id:
-            return defer.succeed([])
-
-        def get_all_push_rule_updates_txn(txn):
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT stream_id, event_stream_ordering, user_id, rule_id,"
-                " op, priority_class, priority, conditions, actions"
-                " FROM push_rules_stream"
-                " WHERE ? < stream_id AND stream_id <= ?"
-                " ORDER BY stream_id ASC LIMIT ?"
-            )
-            txn.execute(sql, (last_id, current_id, limit))
-            return txn.fetchall()
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_all_push_rule_updates", get_all_push_rule_updates_txn
-        )
-
-    def get_push_rules_stream_token(self):
-        """Get the position of the push rules stream.
-        Returns a pair of a stream id for the push_rules stream and the
-        room stream ordering it corresponds to."""
-        return self._push_rules_stream_id_gen.get_current_token()
-
-    def get_max_push_rules_stream_id(self):
-        return self.get_push_rules_stream_token()[0]
-
 
 class RuleNotFoundException(Exception):
     pass
diff --git a/synapse/storage/relations.py b/synapse/storage/relations.py
index fcb5f2f23a..d471ec9860 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/relations.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/relations.py
@@ -17,11 +17,7 @@ import logging
 
 import attr
 
-from synapse.api.constants import RelationTypes
 from synapse.api.errors import SynapseError
-from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
-from synapse.storage.stream import generate_pagination_where_clause
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -113,358 +109,3 @@ class AggregationPaginationToken(object):
 
     def as_tuple(self):
         return attr.astuple(self)
-
-
-class RelationsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
-    @cached(tree=True)
-    def get_relations_for_event(
-        self,
-        event_id,
-        relation_type=None,
-        event_type=None,
-        aggregation_key=None,
-        limit=5,
-        direction="b",
-        from_token=None,
-        to_token=None,
-    ):
-        """Get a list of relations for an event, ordered by topological ordering.
-
-        Args:
-            event_id (str): Fetch events that relate to this event ID.
-            relation_type (str|None): Only fetch events with this relation
-                type, if given.
-            event_type (str|None): Only fetch events with this event type, if
-                given.
-            aggregation_key (str|None): Only fetch events with this aggregation
-                key, if given.
-            limit (int): Only fetch the most recent `limit` events.
-            direction (str): Whether to fetch the most recent first (`"b"`) or
-                the oldest first (`"f"`).
-            from_token (RelationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows from the given
-                token, or from the start if None.
-            to_token (RelationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows up to the given
-                token, or up to the end if None.
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[PaginationChunk]: List of event IDs that match relations
-            requested. The rows are of the form `{"event_id": "..."}`.
-        """
-
-        where_clause = ["relates_to_id = ?"]
-        where_args = [event_id]
-
-        if relation_type is not None:
-            where_clause.append("relation_type = ?")
-            where_args.append(relation_type)
-
-        if event_type is not None:
-            where_clause.append("type = ?")
-            where_args.append(event_type)
-
-        if aggregation_key:
-            where_clause.append("aggregation_key = ?")
-            where_args.append(aggregation_key)
-
-        pagination_clause = generate_pagination_where_clause(
-            direction=direction,
-            column_names=("topological_ordering", "stream_ordering"),
-            from_token=attr.astuple(from_token) if from_token else None,
-            to_token=attr.astuple(to_token) if to_token else None,
-            engine=self.database_engine,
-        )
-
-        if pagination_clause:
-            where_clause.append(pagination_clause)
-
-        if direction == "b":
-            order = "DESC"
-        else:
-            order = "ASC"
-
-        sql = """
-            SELECT event_id, topological_ordering, stream_ordering
-            FROM event_relations
-            INNER JOIN events USING (event_id)
-            WHERE %s
-            ORDER BY topological_ordering %s, stream_ordering %s
-            LIMIT ?
-        """ % (
-            " AND ".join(where_clause),
-            order,
-            order,
-        )
-
-        def _get_recent_references_for_event_txn(txn):
-            txn.execute(sql, where_args + [limit + 1])
-
-            last_topo_id = None
-            last_stream_id = None
-            events = []
-            for row in txn:
-                events.append({"event_id": row[0]})
-                last_topo_id = row[1]
-                last_stream_id = row[2]
-
-            next_batch = None
-            if len(events) > limit and last_topo_id and last_stream_id:
-                next_batch = RelationPaginationToken(last_topo_id, last_stream_id)
-
-            return PaginationChunk(
-                chunk=list(events[:limit]), next_batch=next_batch, prev_batch=from_token
-            )
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_recent_references_for_event", _get_recent_references_for_event_txn
-        )
-
-    @cached(tree=True)
-    def get_aggregation_groups_for_event(
-        self,
-        event_id,
-        event_type=None,
-        limit=5,
-        direction="b",
-        from_token=None,
-        to_token=None,
-    ):
-        """Get a list of annotations on the event, grouped by event type and
-        aggregation key, sorted by count.
-
-        This is used e.g. to get the what and how many reactions have happend
-        on an event.
-
-        Args:
-            event_id (str): Fetch events that relate to this event ID.
-            event_type (str|None): Only fetch events with this event type, if
-                given.
-            limit (int): Only fetch the `limit` groups.
-            direction (str): Whether to fetch the highest count first (`"b"`) or
-                the lowest count first (`"f"`).
-            from_token (AggregationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows from the
-                given token, or from the start if None.
-            to_token (AggregationPaginationToken|None): Fetch rows up to the
-                given token, or up to the end if None.
-
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[PaginationChunk]: List of groups of annotations that
-            match. Each row is a dict with `type`, `key` and `count` fields.
-        """
-
-        where_clause = ["relates_to_id = ?", "relation_type = ?"]
-        where_args = [event_id, RelationTypes.ANNOTATION]
-
-        if event_type:
-            where_clause.append("type = ?")
-            where_args.append(event_type)
-
-        having_clause = generate_pagination_where_clause(
-            direction=direction,
-            column_names=("COUNT(*)", "MAX(stream_ordering)"),
-            from_token=attr.astuple(from_token) if from_token else None,
-            to_token=attr.astuple(to_token) if to_token else None,
-            engine=self.database_engine,
-        )
-
-        if direction == "b":
-            order = "DESC"
-        else:
-            order = "ASC"
-
-        if having_clause:
-            having_clause = "HAVING " + having_clause
-        else:
-            having_clause = ""
-
-        sql = """
-            SELECT type, aggregation_key, COUNT(DISTINCT sender), MAX(stream_ordering)
-            FROM event_relations
-            INNER JOIN events USING (event_id)
-            WHERE {where_clause}
-            GROUP BY relation_type, type, aggregation_key
-            {having_clause}
-            ORDER BY COUNT(*) {order}, MAX(stream_ordering) {order}
-            LIMIT ?
-        """.format(
-            where_clause=" AND ".join(where_clause),
-            order=order,
-            having_clause=having_clause,
-        )
-
-        def _get_aggregation_groups_for_event_txn(txn):
-            txn.execute(sql, where_args + [limit + 1])
-
-            next_batch = None
-            events = []
-            for row in txn:
-                events.append({"type": row[0], "key": row[1], "count": row[2]})
-                next_batch = AggregationPaginationToken(row[2], row[3])
-
-            if len(events) <= limit:
-                next_batch = None
-
-            return PaginationChunk(
-                chunk=list(events[:limit]), next_batch=next_batch, prev_batch=from_token
-            )
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_aggregation_groups_for_event", _get_aggregation_groups_for_event_txn
-        )
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks()
-    def get_applicable_edit(self, event_id):
-        """Get the most recent edit (if any) that has happened for the given
-        event.
-
-        Correctly handles checking whether edits were allowed to happen.
-
-        Args:
-            event_id (str): The original event ID
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[EventBase|None]: Returns the most recent edit, if any.
-        """
-
-        # We only allow edits for `m.room.message` events that have the same sender
-        # and event type. We can't assert these things during regular event auth so
-        # we have to do the checks post hoc.
-
-        # Fetches latest edit that has the same type and sender as the
-        # original, and is an `m.room.message`.
-        sql = """
-            SELECT edit.event_id FROM events AS edit
-            INNER JOIN event_relations USING (event_id)
-            INNER JOIN events AS original ON
-                original.event_id = relates_to_id
-                AND edit.type = original.type
-                AND edit.sender = original.sender
-            WHERE
-                relates_to_id = ?
-                AND relation_type = ?
-                AND edit.type = 'm.room.message'
-            ORDER by edit.origin_server_ts DESC, edit.event_id DESC
-            LIMIT 1
-        """
-
-        def _get_applicable_edit_txn(txn):
-            txn.execute(sql, (event_id, RelationTypes.REPLACE))
-            row = txn.fetchone()
-            if row:
-                return row[0]
-
-        edit_id = yield self.runInteraction(
-            "get_applicable_edit", _get_applicable_edit_txn
-        )
-
-        if not edit_id:
-            return
-
-        edit_event = yield self.get_event(edit_id, allow_none=True)
-        return edit_event
-
-    def has_user_annotated_event(self, parent_id, event_type, aggregation_key, sender):
-        """Check if a user has already annotated an event with the same key
-        (e.g. already liked an event).
-
-        Args:
-            parent_id (str): The event being annotated
-            event_type (str): The event type of the annotation
-            aggregation_key (str): The aggregation key of the annotation
-            sender (str): The sender of the annotation
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[bool]
-        """
-
-        sql = """
-            SELECT 1 FROM event_relations
-            INNER JOIN events USING (event_id)
-            WHERE
-                relates_to_id = ?
-                AND relation_type = ?
-                AND type = ?
-                AND sender = ?
-                AND aggregation_key = ?
-            LIMIT 1;
-        """
-
-        def _get_if_user_has_annotated_event(txn):
-            txn.execute(
-                sql,
-                (
-                    parent_id,
-                    RelationTypes.ANNOTATION,
-                    event_type,
-                    sender,
-                    aggregation_key,
-                ),
-            )
-
-            return bool(txn.fetchone())
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_if_user_has_annotated_event", _get_if_user_has_annotated_event
-        )
-
-
-class RelationsStore(RelationsWorkerStore):
-    def _handle_event_relations(self, txn, event):
-        """Handles inserting relation data during peristence of events
-
-        Args:
-            txn
-            event (EventBase)
-        """
-        relation = event.content.get("m.relates_to")
-        if not relation:
-            # No relations
-            return
-
-        rel_type = relation.get("rel_type")
-        if rel_type not in (
-            RelationTypes.ANNOTATION,
-            RelationTypes.REFERENCE,
-            RelationTypes.REPLACE,
-        ):
-            # Unknown relation type
-            return
-
-        parent_id = relation.get("event_id")
-        if not parent_id:
-            # Invalid relation
-            return
-
-        aggregation_key = relation.get("key")
-
-        self._simple_insert_txn(
-            txn,
-            table="event_relations",
-            values={
-                "event_id": event.event_id,
-                "relates_to_id": parent_id,
-                "relation_type": rel_type,
-                "aggregation_key": aggregation_key,
-            },
-        )
-
-        txn.call_after(self.get_relations_for_event.invalidate_many, (parent_id,))
-        txn.call_after(
-            self.get_aggregation_groups_for_event.invalidate_many, (parent_id,)
-        )
-
-        if rel_type == RelationTypes.REPLACE:
-            txn.call_after(self.get_applicable_edit.invalidate, (parent_id,))
-
-    def _handle_redaction(self, txn, redacted_event_id):
-        """Handles receiving a redaction and checking whether we need to remove
-        any redacted relations from the database.
-
-        Args:
-            txn
-            redacted_event_id (str): The event that was redacted.
-        """
-
-        self._simple_delete_txn(
-            txn, table="event_relations", keyvalues={"event_id": redacted_event_id}
-        )
diff --git a/synapse/storage/roommember.py b/synapse/storage/roommember.py
index ff63487823..8c4a83a840 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/roommember.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/roommember.py
@@ -17,26 +17,6 @@
 import logging
 from collections import namedtuple
 
-from six import iteritems, itervalues
-
-from canonicaljson import json
-
-from twisted.internet import defer
-
-from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes, Membership
-from synapse.metrics import LaterGauge
-from synapse.metrics.background_process_metrics import run_as_background_process
-from synapse.storage._base import LoggingTransaction, make_in_list_sql_clause
-from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
-from synapse.storage.engines import Sqlite3Engine
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
-from synapse.types import get_domain_from_id
-from synapse.util.async_helpers import Linearizer
-from synapse.util.caches import intern_string
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedInlineCallbacks, cachedList
-from synapse.util.metrics import Measure
-from synapse.util.stringutils import to_ascii
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
@@ -57,1102 +37,3 @@ ProfileInfo = namedtuple("ProfileInfo", ("avatar_url", "display_name"))
 # a given membership type, suitable for use in calculating heroes for a room.
 # "count" points to the total numberr of users of a given membership type.
 MemberSummary = namedtuple("MemberSummary", ("members", "count"))
-
-_MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME = "room_membership_profile_update"
-_CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME = "current_state_events_membership"
-
-
-class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore):
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(RoomMemberWorkerStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-
-        # Is the current_state_events.membership up to date? Or is the
-        # background update still running?
-        self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date = False
-
-        txn = LoggingTransaction(
-            db_conn.cursor(),
-            name="_check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated",
-            database_engine=self.database_engine,
-        )
-        self._check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated_txn(txn)
-        txn.close()
-
-        if self.hs.config.metrics_flags.known_servers:
-            self._known_servers_count = 1
-            self.hs.get_clock().looping_call(
-                run_as_background_process,
-                60 * 1000,
-                "_count_known_servers",
-                self._count_known_servers,
-            )
-            self.hs.get_clock().call_later(
-                1000,
-                run_as_background_process,
-                "_count_known_servers",
-                self._count_known_servers,
-            )
-            LaterGauge(
-                "synapse_federation_known_servers",
-                "",
-                [],
-                lambda: self._known_servers_count,
-            )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _count_known_servers(self):
-        """
-        Count the servers that this server knows about.
-
-        The statistic is stored on the class for the
-        `synapse_federation_known_servers` LaterGauge to collect.
-        """
-
-        def _transact(txn):
-            if isinstance(self.database_engine, Sqlite3Engine):
-                query = """
-                    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT substr(out.user_id, pos+1))
-                    FROM (
-                        SELECT rm.user_id as user_id, instr(rm.user_id, ':')
-                            AS pos FROM room_memberships as rm
-                        INNER JOIN current_state_events as c ON rm.event_id = c.event_id
-                        WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member'
-                    ) as out
-                """
-            else:
-                query = """
-                    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT split_part(state_key, ':', 2))
-                    FROM current_state_events
-                    WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND membership = 'join';
-                """
-            txn.execute(query)
-            return list(txn)[0][0]
-
-        count = yield self.runInteraction("get_known_servers", _transact)
-
-        # We always know about ourselves, even if we have nothing in
-        # room_memberships (for example, the server is new).
-        self._known_servers_count = max([count, 1])
-        return self._known_servers_count
-
-    def _check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated_txn(self, txn):
-        """Checks if it is safe to assume the new current_state_events
-        membership column is up to date
-        """
-
-        pending_update = self._simple_select_one_txn(
-            txn,
-            table="background_updates",
-            keyvalues={"update_name": _CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME},
-            retcols=["update_name"],
-            allow_none=True,
-        )
-
-        self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date = not pending_update
-
-        # If the update is still running, reschedule to run.
-        if pending_update:
-            self._clock.call_later(
-                15.0,
-                run_as_background_process,
-                "_check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated",
-                self.runInteraction,
-                "_check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated",
-                self._check_safe_current_state_events_membership_updated_txn,
-            )
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=100000, iterable=True, cache_context=True)
-    def get_hosts_in_room(self, room_id, cache_context):
-        """Returns the set of all hosts currently in the room
-        """
-        user_ids = yield self.get_users_in_room(
-            room_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
-        )
-        hosts = frozenset(get_domain_from_id(user_id) for user_id in user_ids)
-        return hosts
-
-    @cached(max_entries=100000, iterable=True)
-    def get_users_in_room(self, room_id):
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_users_in_room", self.get_users_in_room_txn, room_id
-        )
-
-    def get_users_in_room_txn(self, txn, room_id):
-        # If we can assume current_state_events.membership is up to date
-        # then we can avoid a join, which is a Very Good Thing given how
-        # frequently this function gets called.
-        if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
-            sql = """
-                SELECT state_key FROM current_state_events
-                WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND room_id = ? AND membership = ?
-            """
-        else:
-            sql = """
-                SELECT state_key FROM room_memberships as m
-                INNER JOIN current_state_events as c
-                ON m.event_id = c.event_id
-                AND m.room_id = c.room_id
-                AND m.user_id = c.state_key
-                WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ? AND m.membership = ?
-            """
-
-        txn.execute(sql, (room_id, Membership.JOIN))
-        return [to_ascii(r[0]) for r in txn]
-
-    @cached(max_entries=100000)
-    def get_room_summary(self, room_id):
-        """ Get the details of a room roughly suitable for use by the room
-        summary extension to /sync. Useful when lazy loading room members.
-        Args:
-            room_id (str): The room ID to query
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[str, MemberSummary]:
-                dict of membership states, pointing to a MemberSummary named tuple.
-        """
-
-        def _get_room_summary_txn(txn):
-            # first get counts.
-            # We do this all in one transaction to keep the cache small.
-            # FIXME: get rid of this when we have room_stats
-
-            # If we can assume current_state_events.membership is up to date
-            # then we can avoid a join, which is a Very Good Thing given how
-            # frequently this function gets called.
-            if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
-                # Note, rejected events will have a null membership field, so
-                # we we manually filter them out.
-                sql = """
-                    SELECT count(*), membership FROM current_state_events
-                    WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND room_id = ?
-                        AND membership IS NOT NULL
-                    GROUP BY membership
-                """
-            else:
-                sql = """
-                    SELECT count(*), m.membership FROM room_memberships as m
-                    INNER JOIN current_state_events as c
-                    ON m.event_id = c.event_id
-                    AND m.room_id = c.room_id
-                    AND m.user_id = c.state_key
-                    WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ?
-                    GROUP BY m.membership
-                """
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (room_id,))
-            res = {}
-            for count, membership in txn:
-                summary = res.setdefault(to_ascii(membership), MemberSummary([], count))
-
-            # we order by membership and then fairly arbitrarily by event_id so
-            # heroes are consistent
-            if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
-                # Note, rejected events will have a null membership field, so
-                # we we manually filter them out.
-                sql = """
-                    SELECT state_key, membership, event_id
-                    FROM current_state_events
-                    WHERE type = 'm.room.member' AND room_id = ?
-                        AND membership IS NOT NULL
-                    ORDER BY
-                        CASE membership WHEN ? THEN 1 WHEN ? THEN 2 ELSE 3 END ASC,
-                        event_id ASC
-                    LIMIT ?
-                """
-            else:
-                sql = """
-                    SELECT c.state_key, m.membership, c.event_id
-                    FROM room_memberships as m
-                    INNER JOIN current_state_events as c USING (room_id, event_id)
-                    WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ?
-                    ORDER BY
-                        CASE m.membership WHEN ? THEN 1 WHEN ? THEN 2 ELSE 3 END ASC,
-                        c.event_id ASC
-                    LIMIT ?
-                """
-
-            # 6 is 5 (number of heroes) plus 1, in case one of them is the calling user.
-            txn.execute(sql, (room_id, Membership.JOIN, Membership.INVITE, 6))
-            for user_id, membership, event_id in txn:
-                summary = res[to_ascii(membership)]
-                # we will always have a summary for this membership type at this
-                # point given the summary currently contains the counts.
-                members = summary.members
-                members.append((to_ascii(user_id), to_ascii(event_id)))
-
-            return res
-
-        return self.runInteraction("get_room_summary", _get_room_summary_txn)
-
-    def _get_user_counts_in_room_txn(self, txn, room_id):
-        """
-        Get the user count in a room by membership.
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-            membership (Membership)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[int]
-        """
-        sql = """
-        SELECT m.membership, count(*) FROM room_memberships as m
-            INNER JOIN current_state_events as c USING(event_id)
-            WHERE c.type = 'm.room.member' AND c.room_id = ?
-            GROUP BY m.membership
-        """
-
-        txn.execute(sql, (room_id,))
-        return {row[0]: row[1] for row in txn}
-
-    @cached()
-    def get_invited_rooms_for_user(self, user_id):
-        """ Get all the rooms the user is invited to
-        Args:
-            user_id (str): The user ID.
-        Returns:
-            A deferred list of RoomsForUser.
-        """
-
-        return self.get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is(user_id, [Membership.INVITE])
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_invite_for_user_in_room(self, user_id, room_id):
-        """Gets the invite for the given user and room
-
-        Args:
-            user_id (str)
-            room_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred: Resolves to either a RoomsForUser or None if no invite was
-                found.
-        """
-        invites = yield self.get_invited_rooms_for_user(user_id)
-        for invite in invites:
-            if invite.room_id == room_id:
-                return invite
-        return None
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is(self, user_id, membership_list):
-        """ Get all the rooms for this user where the membership for this user
-        matches one in the membership list.
-
-        Filters out forgotten rooms.
-
-        Args:
-            user_id (str): The user ID.
-            membership_list (list): A list of synapse.api.constants.Membership
-            values which the user must be in.
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[list[RoomsForUser]]
-        """
-        if not membership_list:
-            return defer.succeed(None)
-
-        rooms = yield self.runInteraction(
-            "get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is",
-            self._get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is_txn,
-            user_id,
-            membership_list,
-        )
-
-        # Now we filter out forgotten rooms
-        forgotten_rooms = yield self.get_forgotten_rooms_for_user(user_id)
-        return [room for room in rooms if room.room_id not in forgotten_rooms]
-
-    def _get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is_txn(
-        self, txn, user_id, membership_list
-    ):
-
-        do_invite = Membership.INVITE in membership_list
-        membership_list = [m for m in membership_list if m != Membership.INVITE]
-
-        results = []
-        if membership_list:
-            if self._current_state_events_membership_up_to_date:
-                clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
-                    self.database_engine, "c.membership", membership_list
-                )
-                sql = """
-                    SELECT room_id, e.sender, c.membership, event_id, e.stream_ordering
-                    FROM current_state_events AS c
-                    INNER JOIN events AS e USING (room_id, event_id)
-                    WHERE
-                        c.type = 'm.room.member'
-                        AND state_key = ?
-                        AND %s
-                """ % (
-                    clause,
-                )
-            else:
-                clause, args = make_in_list_sql_clause(
-                    self.database_engine, "m.membership", membership_list
-                )
-                sql = """
-                    SELECT room_id, e.sender, m.membership, event_id, e.stream_ordering
-                    FROM current_state_events AS c
-                    INNER JOIN room_memberships AS m USING (room_id, event_id)
-                    INNER JOIN events AS e USING (room_id, event_id)
-                    WHERE
-                        c.type = 'm.room.member'
-                        AND state_key = ?
-                        AND %s
-                """ % (
-                    clause,
-                )
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, *args))
-            results = [RoomsForUser(**r) for r in self.cursor_to_dict(txn)]
-
-        if do_invite:
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT i.room_id, inviter, i.event_id, e.stream_ordering"
-                " FROM local_invites as i"
-                " INNER JOIN events as e USING (event_id)"
-                " WHERE invitee = ? AND locally_rejected is NULL"
-                " AND replaced_by is NULL"
-            )
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id,))
-            results.extend(
-                RoomsForUser(
-                    room_id=r["room_id"],
-                    sender=r["inviter"],
-                    event_id=r["event_id"],
-                    stream_ordering=r["stream_ordering"],
-                    membership=Membership.INVITE,
-                )
-                for r in self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
-            )
-
-        return results
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=500000, iterable=True)
-    def get_rooms_for_user_with_stream_ordering(self, user_id):
-        """Returns a set of room_ids the user is currently joined to
-
-        Args:
-            user_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[frozenset[GetRoomsForUserWithStreamOrdering]]: Returns
-            the rooms the user is in currently, along with the stream ordering
-            of the most recent join for that user and room.
-        """
-        rooms = yield self.get_rooms_for_user_where_membership_is(
-            user_id, membership_list=[Membership.JOIN]
-        )
-        return frozenset(
-            GetRoomsForUserWithStreamOrdering(r.room_id, r.stream_ordering)
-            for r in rooms
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_rooms_for_user(self, user_id, on_invalidate=None):
-        """Returns a set of room_ids the user is currently joined to
-        """
-        rooms = yield self.get_rooms_for_user_with_stream_ordering(
-            user_id, on_invalidate=on_invalidate
-        )
-        return frozenset(r.room_id for r in rooms)
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=500000, cache_context=True, iterable=True)
-    def get_users_who_share_room_with_user(self, user_id, cache_context):
-        """Returns the set of users who share a room with `user_id`
-        """
-        room_ids = yield self.get_rooms_for_user(
-            user_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
-        )
-
-        user_who_share_room = set()
-        for room_id in room_ids:
-            user_ids = yield self.get_users_in_room(
-                room_id, on_invalidate=cache_context.invalidate
-            )
-            user_who_share_room.update(user_ids)
-
-        return user_who_share_room
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_joined_users_from_context(self, event, context):
-        state_group = context.state_group
-        if not state_group:
-            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
-            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
-            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
-            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
-            state_group = object()
-
-        current_state_ids = yield context.get_current_state_ids(self)
-        result = yield self._get_joined_users_from_context(
-            event.room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, event=event, context=context
-        )
-        return result
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_joined_users_from_state(self, room_id, state_entry):
-        state_group = state_entry.state_group
-        if not state_group:
-            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
-            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
-            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
-            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
-            state_group = object()
-
-        with Measure(self._clock, "get_joined_users_from_state"):
-            return (
-                yield self._get_joined_users_from_context(
-                    room_id, state_group, state_entry.state, context=state_entry
-                )
-            )
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(
-        num_args=2, cache_context=True, iterable=True, max_entries=100000
-    )
-    def _get_joined_users_from_context(
-        self,
-        room_id,
-        state_group,
-        current_state_ids,
-        cache_context,
-        event=None,
-        context=None,
-    ):
-        # We don't use `state_group`, it's there so that we can cache based
-        # on it. However, it's important that it's never None, since two current_states
-        # with a state_group of None are likely to be different.
-        # See bulk_get_push_rules_for_room for how we work around this.
-        assert state_group is not None
-
-        users_in_room = {}
-        member_event_ids = [
-            e_id
-            for key, e_id in iteritems(current_state_ids)
-            if key[0] == EventTypes.Member
-        ]
-
-        if context is not None:
-            # If we have a context with a delta from a previous state group,
-            # check if we also have the result from the previous group in cache.
-            # If we do then we can reuse that result and simply update it with
-            # any membership changes in `delta_ids`
-            if context.prev_group and context.delta_ids:
-                prev_res = self._get_joined_users_from_context.cache.get(
-                    (room_id, context.prev_group), None
-                )
-                if prev_res and isinstance(prev_res, dict):
-                    users_in_room = dict(prev_res)
-                    member_event_ids = [
-                        e_id
-                        for key, e_id in iteritems(context.delta_ids)
-                        if key[0] == EventTypes.Member
-                    ]
-                    for etype, state_key in context.delta_ids:
-                        users_in_room.pop(state_key, None)
-
-        # We check if we have any of the member event ids in the event cache
-        # before we ask the DB
-
-        # We don't update the event cache hit ratio as it completely throws off
-        # the hit ratio counts. After all, we don't populate the cache if we
-        # miss it here
-        event_map = self._get_events_from_cache(
-            member_event_ids, allow_rejected=False, update_metrics=False
-        )
-
-        missing_member_event_ids = []
-        for event_id in member_event_ids:
-            ev_entry = event_map.get(event_id)
-            if ev_entry:
-                if ev_entry.event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
-                    users_in_room[to_ascii(ev_entry.event.state_key)] = ProfileInfo(
-                        display_name=to_ascii(
-                            ev_entry.event.content.get("displayname", None)
-                        ),
-                        avatar_url=to_ascii(
-                            ev_entry.event.content.get("avatar_url", None)
-                        ),
-                    )
-            else:
-                missing_member_event_ids.append(event_id)
-
-        if missing_member_event_ids:
-            event_to_memberships = yield self._get_joined_profiles_from_event_ids(
-                missing_member_event_ids
-            )
-            users_in_room.update((row for row in event_to_memberships.values() if row))
-
-        if event is not None and event.type == EventTypes.Member:
-            if event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
-                if event.event_id in member_event_ids:
-                    users_in_room[to_ascii(event.state_key)] = ProfileInfo(
-                        display_name=to_ascii(event.content.get("displayname", None)),
-                        avatar_url=to_ascii(event.content.get("avatar_url", None)),
-                    )
-
-        return users_in_room
-
-    @cached(max_entries=10000)
-    def _get_joined_profile_from_event_id(self, event_id):
-        raise NotImplementedError()
-
-    @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="_get_joined_profile_from_event_id",
-        list_name="event_ids",
-        inlineCallbacks=True,
-    )
-    def _get_joined_profiles_from_event_ids(self, event_ids):
-        """For given set of member event_ids check if they point to a join
-        event and if so return the associated user and profile info.
-
-        Args:
-            event_ids (Iterable[str]): The member event IDs to lookup
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[str, Tuple[str, ProfileInfo]|None]]: Map from event ID
-            to `user_id` and ProfileInfo (or None if not join event).
-        """
-
-        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
-            table="room_memberships",
-            column="event_id",
-            iterable=event_ids,
-            retcols=("user_id", "display_name", "avatar_url", "event_id"),
-            keyvalues={"membership": Membership.JOIN},
-            batch_size=500,
-            desc="_get_membership_from_event_ids",
-        )
-
-        return {
-            row["event_id"]: (
-                row["user_id"],
-                ProfileInfo(
-                    avatar_url=row["avatar_url"], display_name=row["display_name"]
-                ),
-            )
-            for row in rows
-        }
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(max_entries=10000)
-    def is_host_joined(self, room_id, host):
-        if "%" in host or "_" in host:
-            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
-
-        sql = """
-            SELECT state_key FROM current_state_events AS c
-            INNER JOIN room_memberships AS m USING (event_id)
-            WHERE m.membership = 'join'
-                AND type = 'm.room.member'
-                AND c.room_id = ?
-                AND state_key LIKE ?
-            LIMIT 1
-        """
-
-        # We do need to be careful to ensure that host doesn't have any wild cards
-        # in it, but we checked above for known ones and we'll check below that
-        # the returned user actually has the correct domain.
-        like_clause = "%:" + host
-
-        rows = yield self._execute("is_host_joined", None, sql, room_id, like_clause)
-
-        if not rows:
-            return False
-
-        user_id = rows[0][0]
-        if get_domain_from_id(user_id) != host:
-            # This can only happen if the host name has something funky in it
-            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
-
-        return True
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks()
-    def was_host_joined(self, room_id, host):
-        """Check whether the server is or ever was in the room.
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-            host (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred: Resolves to True if the host is/was in the room, otherwise
-            False.
-        """
-        if "%" in host or "_" in host:
-            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
-
-        sql = """
-            SELECT user_id FROM room_memberships
-            WHERE room_id = ?
-                AND user_id LIKE ?
-                AND membership = 'join'
-            LIMIT 1
-        """
-
-        # We do need to be careful to ensure that host doesn't have any wild cards
-        # in it, but we checked above for known ones and we'll check below that
-        # the returned user actually has the correct domain.
-        like_clause = "%:" + host
-
-        rows = yield self._execute("was_host_joined", None, sql, room_id, like_clause)
-
-        if not rows:
-            return False
-
-        user_id = rows[0][0]
-        if get_domain_from_id(user_id) != host:
-            # This can only happen if the host name has something funky in it
-            raise Exception("Invalid host name")
-
-        return True
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_joined_hosts(self, room_id, state_entry):
-        state_group = state_entry.state_group
-        if not state_group:
-            # If state_group is None it means it has yet to be assigned a
-            # state group, i.e. we need to make sure that calls with a state_group
-            # of None don't hit previous cached calls with a None state_group.
-            # To do this we set the state_group to a new object as object() != object()
-            state_group = object()
-
-        with Measure(self._clock, "get_joined_hosts"):
-            return (
-                yield self._get_joined_hosts(
-                    room_id, state_group, state_entry.state, state_entry=state_entry
-                )
-            )
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2, max_entries=10000, iterable=True)
-    # @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _get_joined_hosts(self, room_id, state_group, current_state_ids, state_entry):
-        # We don't use `state_group`, its there so that we can cache based
-        # on it. However, its important that its never None, since two current_state's
-        # with a state_group of None are likely to be different.
-        # See bulk_get_push_rules_for_room for how we work around this.
-        assert state_group is not None
-
-        cache = self._get_joined_hosts_cache(room_id)
-        joined_hosts = yield cache.get_destinations(state_entry)
-
-        return joined_hosts
-
-    @cached(max_entries=10000)
-    def _get_joined_hosts_cache(self, room_id):
-        return _JoinedHostsCache(self, room_id)
-
-    @cachedInlineCallbacks(num_args=2)
-    def did_forget(self, user_id, room_id):
-        """Returns whether user_id has elected to discard history for room_id.
-
-        Returns False if they have since re-joined."""
-
-        def f(txn):
-            sql = (
-                "SELECT"
-                "  COUNT(*)"
-                " FROM"
-                "  room_memberships"
-                " WHERE"
-                "  user_id = ?"
-                " AND"
-                "  room_id = ?"
-                " AND"
-                "  forgotten = 0"
-            )
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
-            rows = txn.fetchall()
-            return rows[0][0]
-
-        count = yield self.runInteraction("did_forget_membership", f)
-        return count == 0
-
-    @cached()
-    def get_forgotten_rooms_for_user(self, user_id):
-        """Gets all rooms the user has forgotten.
-
-        Args:
-            user_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[set[str]]
-        """
-
-        def _get_forgotten_rooms_for_user_txn(txn):
-            # This is a slightly convoluted query that first looks up all rooms
-            # that the user has forgotten in the past, then rechecks that list
-            # to see if any have subsequently been updated. This is done so that
-            # we can use a partial index on `forgotten = 1` on the assumption
-            # that few users will actually forget many rooms.
-            #
-            # Note that a room is considered "forgotten" if *all* membership
-            # events for that user and room have the forgotten field set (as
-            # when a user forgets a room we update all rows for that user and
-            # room, not just the current one).
-            sql = """
-                SELECT room_id, (
-                    SELECT count(*) FROM room_memberships
-                    WHERE room_id = m.room_id AND user_id = m.user_id AND forgotten = 0
-                ) AS count
-                FROM room_memberships AS m
-                WHERE user_id = ? AND forgotten = 1
-                GROUP BY room_id, user_id;
-            """
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id,))
-            return set(row[0] for row in txn if row[1] == 0)
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_forgotten_rooms_for_user", _get_forgotten_rooms_for_user_txn
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_rooms_user_has_been_in(self, user_id):
-        """Get all rooms that the user has ever been in.
-
-        Args:
-            user_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[set[str]]: Set of room IDs.
-        """
-
-        room_ids = yield self._simple_select_onecol(
-            table="room_memberships",
-            keyvalues={"membership": Membership.JOIN, "user_id": user_id},
-            retcol="room_id",
-            desc="get_rooms_user_has_been_in",
-        )
-
-        return set(room_ids)
-
-
-class RoomMemberBackgroundUpdateStore(BackgroundUpdateStore):
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(RoomMemberBackgroundUpdateStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-        self.register_background_update_handler(
-            _MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME, self._background_add_membership_profile
-        )
-        self.register_background_update_handler(
-            _CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME,
-            self._background_current_state_membership,
-        )
-        self.register_background_index_update(
-            "room_membership_forgotten_idx",
-            index_name="room_memberships_user_room_forgotten",
-            table="room_memberships",
-            columns=["user_id", "room_id"],
-            where_clause="forgotten = 1",
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _background_add_membership_profile(self, progress, batch_size):
-        target_min_stream_id = progress.get(
-            "target_min_stream_id_inclusive", self._min_stream_order_on_start
-        )
-        max_stream_id = progress.get(
-            "max_stream_id_exclusive", self._stream_order_on_start + 1
-        )
-
-        INSERT_CLUMP_SIZE = 1000
-
-        def add_membership_profile_txn(txn):
-            sql = """
-                SELECT stream_ordering, event_id, events.room_id, event_json.json
-                FROM events
-                INNER JOIN event_json USING (event_id)
-                INNER JOIN room_memberships USING (event_id)
-                WHERE ? <= stream_ordering AND stream_ordering < ?
-                AND type = 'm.room.member'
-                ORDER BY stream_ordering DESC
-                LIMIT ?
-            """
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (target_min_stream_id, max_stream_id, batch_size))
-
-            rows = self.cursor_to_dict(txn)
-            if not rows:
-                return 0
-
-            min_stream_id = rows[-1]["stream_ordering"]
-
-            to_update = []
-            for row in rows:
-                event_id = row["event_id"]
-                room_id = row["room_id"]
-                try:
-                    event_json = json.loads(row["json"])
-                    content = event_json["content"]
-                except Exception:
-                    continue
-
-                display_name = content.get("displayname", None)
-                avatar_url = content.get("avatar_url", None)
-
-                if display_name or avatar_url:
-                    to_update.append((display_name, avatar_url, event_id, room_id))
-
-            to_update_sql = """
-                UPDATE room_memberships SET display_name = ?, avatar_url = ?
-                WHERE event_id = ? AND room_id = ?
-            """
-            for index in range(0, len(to_update), INSERT_CLUMP_SIZE):
-                clump = to_update[index : index + INSERT_CLUMP_SIZE]
-                txn.executemany(to_update_sql, clump)
-
-            progress = {
-                "target_min_stream_id_inclusive": target_min_stream_id,
-                "max_stream_id_exclusive": min_stream_id,
-            }
-
-            self._background_update_progress_txn(
-                txn, _MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME, progress
-            )
-
-            return len(rows)
-
-        result = yield self.runInteraction(
-            _MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME, add_membership_profile_txn
-        )
-
-        if not result:
-            yield self._end_background_update(_MEMBERSHIP_PROFILE_UPDATE_NAME)
-
-        return result
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _background_current_state_membership(self, progress, batch_size):
-        """Update the new membership column on current_state_events.
-
-        This works by iterating over all rooms in alphebetical order.
-        """
-
-        def _background_current_state_membership_txn(txn, last_processed_room):
-            processed = 0
-            while processed < batch_size:
-                txn.execute(
-                    """
-                        SELECT MIN(room_id) FROM current_state_events WHERE room_id > ?
-                    """,
-                    (last_processed_room,),
-                )
-                row = txn.fetchone()
-                if not row or not row[0]:
-                    return processed, True
-
-                next_room, = row
-
-                sql = """
-                    UPDATE current_state_events
-                    SET membership = (
-                        SELECT membership FROM room_memberships
-                        WHERE event_id = current_state_events.event_id
-                    )
-                    WHERE room_id = ?
-                """
-                txn.execute(sql, (next_room,))
-                processed += txn.rowcount
-
-                last_processed_room = next_room
-
-            self._background_update_progress_txn(
-                txn,
-                _CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME,
-                {"last_processed_room": last_processed_room},
-            )
-
-            return processed, False
-
-        # If we haven't got a last processed room then just use the empty
-        # string, which will compare before all room IDs correctly.
-        last_processed_room = progress.get("last_processed_room", "")
-
-        row_count, finished = yield self.runInteraction(
-            "_background_current_state_membership_update",
-            _background_current_state_membership_txn,
-            last_processed_room,
-        )
-
-        if finished:
-            yield self._end_background_update(_CURRENT_STATE_MEMBERSHIP_UPDATE_NAME)
-
-        return row_count
-
-
-class RoomMemberStore(RoomMemberWorkerStore, RoomMemberBackgroundUpdateStore):
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(RoomMemberStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-
-    def _store_room_members_txn(self, txn, events, backfilled):
-        """Store a room member in the database.
-        """
-        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
-            txn,
-            table="room_memberships",
-            values=[
-                {
-                    "event_id": event.event_id,
-                    "user_id": event.state_key,
-                    "sender": event.user_id,
-                    "room_id": event.room_id,
-                    "membership": event.membership,
-                    "display_name": event.content.get("displayname", None),
-                    "avatar_url": event.content.get("avatar_url", None),
-                }
-                for event in events
-            ],
-        )
-
-        for event in events:
-            txn.call_after(
-                self._membership_stream_cache.entity_has_changed,
-                event.state_key,
-                event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
-            )
-            txn.call_after(
-                self.get_invited_rooms_for_user.invalidate, (event.state_key,)
-            )
-
-            # We update the local_invites table only if the event is "current",
-            # i.e., its something that has just happened. If the event is an
-            # outlier it is only current if its an "out of band membership",
-            # like a remote invite or a rejection of a remote invite.
-            is_new_state = not backfilled and (
-                not event.internal_metadata.is_outlier()
-                or event.internal_metadata.is_out_of_band_membership()
-            )
-            is_mine = self.hs.is_mine_id(event.state_key)
-            if is_new_state and is_mine:
-                if event.membership == Membership.INVITE:
-                    self._simple_insert_txn(
-                        txn,
-                        table="local_invites",
-                        values={
-                            "event_id": event.event_id,
-                            "invitee": event.state_key,
-                            "inviter": event.sender,
-                            "room_id": event.room_id,
-                            "stream_id": event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
-                        },
-                    )
-                else:
-                    sql = (
-                        "UPDATE local_invites SET stream_id = ?, replaced_by = ? WHERE"
-                        " room_id = ? AND invitee = ? AND locally_rejected is NULL"
-                        " AND replaced_by is NULL"
-                    )
-
-                    txn.execute(
-                        sql,
-                        (
-                            event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
-                            event.event_id,
-                            event.room_id,
-                            event.state_key,
-                        ),
-                    )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def locally_reject_invite(self, user_id, room_id):
-        sql = (
-            "UPDATE local_invites SET stream_id = ?, locally_rejected = ? WHERE"
-            " room_id = ? AND invitee = ? AND locally_rejected is NULL"
-            " AND replaced_by is NULL"
-        )
-
-        def f(txn, stream_ordering):
-            txn.execute(sql, (stream_ordering, True, room_id, user_id))
-
-        with self._stream_id_gen.get_next() as stream_ordering:
-            yield self.runInteraction("locally_reject_invite", f, stream_ordering)
-
-    def forget(self, user_id, room_id):
-        """Indicate that user_id wishes to discard history for room_id."""
-
-        def f(txn):
-            sql = (
-                "UPDATE"
-                "  room_memberships"
-                " SET"
-                "  forgotten = 1"
-                " WHERE"
-                "  user_id = ?"
-                " AND"
-                "  room_id = ?"
-            )
-            txn.execute(sql, (user_id, room_id))
-
-            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(txn, self.did_forget, (user_id, room_id))
-            self._invalidate_cache_and_stream(
-                txn, self.get_forgotten_rooms_for_user, (user_id,)
-            )
-
-        return self.runInteraction("forget_membership", f)
-
-
-class _JoinedHostsCache(object):
-    """Cache for joined hosts in a room that is optimised to handle updates
-    via state deltas.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, store, room_id):
-        self.store = store
-        self.room_id = room_id
-
-        self.hosts_to_joined_users = {}
-
-        self.state_group = object()
-
-        self.linearizer = Linearizer("_JoinedHostsCache")
-
-        self._len = 0
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_destinations(self, state_entry):
-        """Get set of destinations for a state entry
-
-        Args:
-            state_entry(synapse.state._StateCacheEntry)
-        """
-        if state_entry.state_group == self.state_group:
-            return frozenset(self.hosts_to_joined_users)
-
-        with (yield self.linearizer.queue(())):
-            if state_entry.state_group == self.state_group:
-                pass
-            elif state_entry.prev_group == self.state_group:
-                for (typ, state_key), event_id in iteritems(state_entry.delta_ids):
-                    if typ != EventTypes.Member:
-                        continue
-
-                    host = intern_string(get_domain_from_id(state_key))
-                    user_id = state_key
-                    known_joins = self.hosts_to_joined_users.setdefault(host, set())
-
-                    event = yield self.store.get_event(event_id)
-                    if event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
-                        known_joins.add(user_id)
-                    else:
-                        known_joins.discard(user_id)
-
-                        if not known_joins:
-                            self.hosts_to_joined_users.pop(host, None)
-            else:
-                joined_users = yield self.store.get_joined_users_from_state(
-                    self.room_id, state_entry
-                )
-
-                self.hosts_to_joined_users = {}
-                for user_id in joined_users:
-                    host = intern_string(get_domain_from_id(user_id))
-                    self.hosts_to_joined_users.setdefault(host, set()).add(user_id)
-
-            if state_entry.state_group:
-                self.state_group = state_entry.state_group
-            else:
-                self.state_group = object()
-            self._len = sum(len(v) for v in itervalues(self.hosts_to_joined_users))
-        return frozenset(self.hosts_to_joined_users)
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        return self._len
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/00background_updates_add_col.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/00background_updates_add_col.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2d2a4f836
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/delta/35/00background_updates_add_col.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/* Copyright 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+ALTER TABLE background_updates ADD COLUMN depends_on TEXT;
diff --git a/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql b/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1005880466
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synapse/storage/schema/full_schemas/54/full.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+
+CREATE TABLE background_updates (
+    update_name text NOT NULL,
+    progress_json text NOT NULL,
+    depends_on text,
+    CONSTRAINT background_updates_uniqueness UNIQUE (update_name)
+);
diff --git a/synapse/storage/state.py b/synapse/storage/state.py
index a941a5ae3f..a2df8fa827 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/state.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/state.py
@@ -14,45 +14,16 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import logging
-from collections import namedtuple
 
 from six import iteritems, itervalues
-from six.moves import range
 
 import attr
 
-from twisted.internet import defer
-
 from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes
-from synapse.api.errors import NotFoundError
-from synapse.storage._base import SQLBaseStore
-from synapse.storage.background_updates import BackgroundUpdateStore
-from synapse.storage.engines import PostgresEngine
-from synapse.storage.events_worker import EventsWorkerStore
-from synapse.util.caches import get_cache_factor_for, intern_string
-from synapse.util.caches.descriptors import cached, cachedList
-from synapse.util.caches.dictionary_cache import DictionaryCache
-from synapse.util.stringutils import to_ascii
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-MAX_STATE_DELTA_HOPS = 100
-
-
-class _GetStateGroupDelta(
-    namedtuple("_GetStateGroupDelta", ("prev_group", "delta_ids"))
-):
-    """Return type of get_state_group_delta that implements __len__, which lets
-    us use the itrable flag when caching
-    """
-
-    __slots__ = []
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        return len(self.delta_ids) if self.delta_ids else 0
-
-
 @attr.s(slots=True)
 class StateFilter(object):
     """A filter used when querying for state.
@@ -351,1195 +322,3 @@ class StateFilter(object):
         )
 
         return member_filter, non_member_filter
-
-
-class StateGroupBackgroundUpdateStore(SQLBaseStore):
-    """Defines functions related to state groups needed to run the state backgroud
-    updates.
-    """
-
-    def _count_state_group_hops_txn(self, txn, state_group):
-        """Given a state group, count how many hops there are in the tree.
-
-        This is used to ensure the delta chains don't get too long.
-        """
-        if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
-            sql = """
-                WITH RECURSIVE state(state_group) AS (
-                    VALUES(?::bigint)
-                    UNION ALL
-                    SELECT prev_state_group FROM state_group_edges e, state s
-                    WHERE s.state_group = e.state_group
-                )
-                SELECT count(*) FROM state;
-            """
-
-            txn.execute(sql, (state_group,))
-            row = txn.fetchone()
-            if row and row[0]:
-                return row[0]
-            else:
-                return 0
-        else:
-            # We don't use WITH RECURSIVE on sqlite3 as there are distributions
-            # that ship with an sqlite3 version that doesn't support it (e.g. wheezy)
-            next_group = state_group
-            count = 0
-
-            while next_group:
-                next_group = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="state_group_edges",
-                    keyvalues={"state_group": next_group},
-                    retcol="prev_state_group",
-                    allow_none=True,
-                )
-                if next_group:
-                    count += 1
-
-            return count
-
-    def _get_state_groups_from_groups_txn(
-        self, txn, groups, state_filter=StateFilter.all()
-    ):
-        results = {group: {} for group in groups}
-
-        where_clause, where_args = state_filter.make_sql_filter_clause()
-
-        # Unless the filter clause is empty, we're going to append it after an
-        # existing where clause
-        if where_clause:
-            where_clause = " AND (%s)" % (where_clause,)
-
-        if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
-            # Temporarily disable sequential scans in this transaction. This is
-            # a temporary hack until we can add the right indices in
-            txn.execute("SET LOCAL enable_seqscan=off")
-
-            # The below query walks the state_group tree so that the "state"
-            # table includes all state_groups in the tree. It then joins
-            # against `state_groups_state` to fetch the latest state.
-            # It assumes that previous state groups are always numerically
-            # lesser.
-            # The PARTITION is used to get the event_id in the greatest state
-            # group for the given type, state_key.
-            # This may return multiple rows per (type, state_key), but last_value
-            # should be the same.
-            sql = """
-                WITH RECURSIVE state(state_group) AS (
-                    VALUES(?::bigint)
-                    UNION ALL
-                    SELECT prev_state_group FROM state_group_edges e, state s
-                    WHERE s.state_group = e.state_group
-                )
-                SELECT DISTINCT type, state_key, last_value(event_id) OVER (
-                    PARTITION BY type, state_key ORDER BY state_group ASC
-                    ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
-                ) AS event_id FROM state_groups_state
-                WHERE state_group IN (
-                    SELECT state_group FROM state
-                )
-            """
-
-            for group in groups:
-                args = [group]
-                args.extend(where_args)
-
-                txn.execute(sql + where_clause, args)
-                for row in txn:
-                    typ, state_key, event_id = row
-                    key = (typ, state_key)
-                    results[group][key] = event_id
-        else:
-            max_entries_returned = state_filter.max_entries_returned()
-
-            # We don't use WITH RECURSIVE on sqlite3 as there are distributions
-            # that ship with an sqlite3 version that doesn't support it (e.g. wheezy)
-            for group in groups:
-                next_group = group
-
-                while next_group:
-                    # We did this before by getting the list of group ids, and
-                    # then passing that list to sqlite to get latest event for
-                    # each (type, state_key). However, that was terribly slow
-                    # without the right indices (which we can't add until
-                    # after we finish deduping state, which requires this func)
-                    args = [next_group]
-                    args.extend(where_args)
-
-                    txn.execute(
-                        "SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM state_groups_state"
-                        " WHERE state_group = ? " + where_clause,
-                        args,
-                    )
-                    results[group].update(
-                        ((typ, state_key), event_id)
-                        for typ, state_key, event_id in txn
-                        if (typ, state_key) not in results[group]
-                    )
-
-                    # If the number of entries in the (type,state_key)->event_id dict
-                    # matches the number of (type,state_keys) types we were searching
-                    # for, then we must have found them all, so no need to go walk
-                    # further down the tree... UNLESS our types filter contained
-                    # wildcards (i.e. Nones) in which case we have to do an exhaustive
-                    # search
-                    if (
-                        max_entries_returned is not None
-                        and len(results[group]) == max_entries_returned
-                    ):
-                        break
-
-                    next_group = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
-                        txn,
-                        table="state_group_edges",
-                        keyvalues={"state_group": next_group},
-                        retcol="prev_state_group",
-                        allow_none=True,
-                    )
-
-        return results
-
-
-# this inherits from EventsWorkerStore because it calls self.get_events
-class StateGroupWorkerStore(
-    EventsWorkerStore, StateGroupBackgroundUpdateStore, SQLBaseStore
-):
-    """The parts of StateGroupStore that can be called from workers.
-    """
-
-    STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_deduplication"
-    STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_type_index"
-    CURRENT_STATE_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "current_state_members_idx"
-
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(StateGroupWorkerStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-
-        # Originally the state store used a single DictionaryCache to cache the
-        # event IDs for the state types in a given state group to avoid hammering
-        # on the state_group* tables.
-        #
-        # The point of using a DictionaryCache is that it can cache a subset
-        # of the state events for a given state group (i.e. a subset of the keys for a
-        # given dict which is an entry in the cache for a given state group ID).
-        #
-        # However, this poses problems when performing complicated queries
-        # on the store - for instance: "give me all the state for this group, but
-        # limit members to this subset of users", as DictionaryCache's API isn't
-        # rich enough to say "please cache any of these fields, apart from this subset".
-        # This is problematic when lazy loading members, which requires this behaviour,
-        # as without it the cache has no choice but to speculatively load all
-        # state events for the group, which negates the efficiency being sought.
-        #
-        # Rather than overcomplicating DictionaryCache's API, we instead split the
-        # state_group_cache into two halves - one for tracking non-member events,
-        # and the other for tracking member_events.  This means that lazy loading
-        # queries can be made in a cache-friendly manner by querying both caches
-        # separately and then merging the result.  So for the example above, you
-        # would query the members cache for a specific subset of state keys
-        # (which DictionaryCache will handle efficiently and fine) and the non-members
-        # cache for all state (which DictionaryCache will similarly handle fine)
-        # and then just merge the results together.
-        #
-        # We size the non-members cache to be smaller than the members cache as the
-        # vast majority of state in Matrix (today) is member events.
-
-        self._state_group_cache = DictionaryCache(
-            "*stateGroupCache*",
-            # TODO: this hasn't been tuned yet
-            50000 * get_cache_factor_for("stateGroupCache"),
-        )
-        self._state_group_members_cache = DictionaryCache(
-            "*stateGroupMembersCache*",
-            500000 * get_cache_factor_for("stateGroupMembersCache"),
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_room_version(self, room_id):
-        """Get the room_version of a given room
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[str]
-
-        Raises:
-            NotFoundError if the room is unknown
-        """
-        # for now we do this by looking at the create event. We may want to cache this
-        # more intelligently in future.
-
-        # Retrieve the room's create event
-        create_event = yield self.get_create_event_for_room(room_id)
-        return create_event.content.get("room_version", "1")
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_room_predecessor(self, room_id):
-        """Get the predecessor room of an upgraded room if one exists.
-        Otherwise return None.
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[unicode|None]: predecessor room id
-
-        Raises:
-            NotFoundError if the room is unknown
-        """
-        # Retrieve the room's create event
-        create_event = yield self.get_create_event_for_room(room_id)
-
-        # Return predecessor if present
-        return create_event.content.get("predecessor", None)
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_create_event_for_room(self, room_id):
-        """Get the create state event for a room.
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[EventBase]: The room creation event.
-
-        Raises:
-            NotFoundError if the room is unknown
-        """
-        state_ids = yield self.get_current_state_ids(room_id)
-        create_id = state_ids.get((EventTypes.Create, ""))
-
-        # If we can't find the create event, assume we've hit a dead end
-        if not create_id:
-            raise NotFoundError("Unknown room %s" % (room_id))
-
-        # Retrieve the room's create event and return
-        create_event = yield self.get_event(create_id)
-        return create_event
-
-    @cached(max_entries=100000, iterable=True)
-    def get_current_state_ids(self, room_id):
-        """Get the current state event ids for a room based on the
-        current_state_events table.
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            deferred: dict of (type, state_key) -> event_id
-        """
-
-        def _get_current_state_ids_txn(txn):
-            txn.execute(
-                """SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM current_state_events
-                WHERE room_id = ?
-                """,
-                (room_id,),
-            )
-
-            return {
-                (intern_string(r[0]), intern_string(r[1])): to_ascii(r[2]) for r in txn
-            }
-
-        return self.runInteraction("get_current_state_ids", _get_current_state_ids_txn)
-
-    # FIXME: how should this be cached?
-    def get_filtered_current_state_ids(self, room_id, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
-        """Get the current state event of a given type for a room based on the
-        current_state_events table.  This may not be as up-to-date as the result
-        of doing a fresh state resolution as per state_handler.get_current_state
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[tuple[str, str], str]]: Map from type/state_key to
-            event ID.
-        """
-
-        where_clause, where_args = state_filter.make_sql_filter_clause()
-
-        if not where_clause:
-            # We delegate to the cached version
-            return self.get_current_state_ids(room_id)
-
-        def _get_filtered_current_state_ids_txn(txn):
-            results = {}
-            sql = """
-                SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM current_state_events
-                WHERE room_id = ?
-            """
-
-            if where_clause:
-                sql += " AND (%s)" % (where_clause,)
-
-            args = [room_id]
-            args.extend(where_args)
-            txn.execute(sql, args)
-            for row in txn:
-                typ, state_key, event_id = row
-                key = (intern_string(typ), intern_string(state_key))
-                results[key] = event_id
-
-            return results
-
-        return self.runInteraction(
-            "get_filtered_current_state_ids", _get_filtered_current_state_ids_txn
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_canonical_alias_for_room(self, room_id):
-        """Get canonical alias for room, if any
-
-        Args:
-            room_id (str)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[str|None]: The canonical alias, if any
-        """
-
-        state = yield self.get_filtered_current_state_ids(
-            room_id, StateFilter.from_types([(EventTypes.CanonicalAlias, "")])
-        )
-
-        event_id = state.get((EventTypes.CanonicalAlias, ""))
-        if not event_id:
-            return
-
-        event = yield self.get_event(event_id, allow_none=True)
-        if not event:
-            return
-
-        return event.content.get("canonical_alias")
-
-    @cached(max_entries=10000, iterable=True)
-    def get_state_group_delta(self, state_group):
-        """Given a state group try to return a previous group and a delta between
-        the old and the new.
-
-        Returns:
-            (prev_group, delta_ids), where both may be None.
-        """
-
-        def _get_state_group_delta_txn(txn):
-            prev_group = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
-                txn,
-                table="state_group_edges",
-                keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
-                retcol="prev_state_group",
-                allow_none=True,
-            )
-
-            if not prev_group:
-                return _GetStateGroupDelta(None, None)
-
-            delta_ids = self._simple_select_list_txn(
-                txn,
-                table="state_groups_state",
-                keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
-                retcols=("type", "state_key", "event_id"),
-            )
-
-            return _GetStateGroupDelta(
-                prev_group,
-                {(row["type"], row["state_key"]): row["event_id"] for row in delta_ids},
-            )
-
-        return self.runInteraction("get_state_group_delta", _get_state_group_delta_txn)
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_groups_ids(self, _room_id, event_ids):
-        """Get the event IDs of all the state for the state groups for the given events
-
-        Args:
-            _room_id (str): id of the room for these events
-            event_ids (iterable[str]): ids of the events
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]]]:
-                dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
-        """
-        if not event_ids:
-            return {}
-
-        event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(event_ids)
-
-        groups = set(itervalues(event_to_groups))
-        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups(groups)
-
-        return group_to_state
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_ids_for_group(self, state_group):
-        """Get the event IDs of all the state in the given state group
-
-        Args:
-            state_group (int)
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict]: Resolves to a map of (type, state_key) -> event_id
-        """
-        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups((state_group,))
-
-        return group_to_state[state_group]
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_groups(self, room_id, event_ids):
-        """ Get the state groups for the given list of event_ids
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[int, list[EventBase]]]:
-                dict of state_group_id -> list of state events.
-        """
-        if not event_ids:
-            return {}
-
-        group_to_ids = yield self.get_state_groups_ids(room_id, event_ids)
-
-        state_event_map = yield self.get_events(
-            [
-                ev_id
-                for group_ids in itervalues(group_to_ids)
-                for ev_id in itervalues(group_ids)
-            ],
-            get_prev_content=False,
-        )
-
-        return {
-            group: [
-                state_event_map[v]
-                for v in itervalues(event_id_map)
-                if v in state_event_map
-            ]
-            for group, event_id_map in iteritems(group_to_ids)
-        }
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _get_state_groups_from_groups(self, groups, state_filter):
-        """Returns the state groups for a given set of groups, filtering on
-        types of state events.
-
-        Args:
-            groups(list[int]): list of state group IDs to query
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]]]:
-                dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
-        """
-        results = {}
-
-        chunks = [groups[i : i + 100] for i in range(0, len(groups), 100)]
-        for chunk in chunks:
-            res = yield self.runInteraction(
-                "_get_state_groups_from_groups",
-                self._get_state_groups_from_groups_txn,
-                chunk,
-                state_filter,
-            )
-            results.update(res)
-
-        return results
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_for_events(self, event_ids, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
-        """Given a list of event_ids and type tuples, return a list of state
-        dicts for each event.
-
-        Args:
-            event_ids (list[string])
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns:
-            deferred: A dict of (event_id) -> (type, state_key) -> [state_events]
-        """
-        event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(event_ids)
-
-        groups = set(itervalues(event_to_groups))
-        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups(groups, state_filter)
-
-        state_event_map = yield self.get_events(
-            [ev_id for sd in itervalues(group_to_state) for ev_id in itervalues(sd)],
-            get_prev_content=False,
-        )
-
-        event_to_state = {
-            event_id: {
-                k: state_event_map[v]
-                for k, v in iteritems(group_to_state[group])
-                if v in state_event_map
-            }
-            for event_id, group in iteritems(event_to_groups)
-        }
-
-        return {event: event_to_state[event] for event in event_ids}
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_ids_for_events(self, event_ids, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
-        """
-        Get the state dicts corresponding to a list of events, containing the event_ids
-        of the state events (as opposed to the events themselves)
-
-        Args:
-            event_ids(list(str)): events whose state should be returned
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns:
-            A deferred dict from event_id -> (type, state_key) -> event_id
-        """
-        event_to_groups = yield self._get_state_group_for_events(event_ids)
-
-        groups = set(itervalues(event_to_groups))
-        group_to_state = yield self._get_state_for_groups(groups, state_filter)
-
-        event_to_state = {
-            event_id: group_to_state[group]
-            for event_id, group in iteritems(event_to_groups)
-        }
-
-        return {event: event_to_state[event] for event in event_ids}
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_for_event(self, event_id, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
-        """
-        Get the state dict corresponding to a particular event
-
-        Args:
-            event_id(str): event whose state should be returned
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns:
-            A deferred dict from (type, state_key) -> state_event
-        """
-        state_map = yield self.get_state_for_events([event_id], state_filter)
-        return state_map[event_id]
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def get_state_ids_for_event(self, event_id, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
-        """
-        Get the state dict corresponding to a particular event
-
-        Args:
-            event_id(str): event whose state should be returned
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns:
-            A deferred dict from (type, state_key) -> state_event
-        """
-        state_map = yield self.get_state_ids_for_events([event_id], state_filter)
-        return state_map[event_id]
-
-    @cached(max_entries=50000)
-    def _get_state_group_for_event(self, event_id):
-        return self._simple_select_one_onecol(
-            table="event_to_state_groups",
-            keyvalues={"event_id": event_id},
-            retcol="state_group",
-            allow_none=True,
-            desc="_get_state_group_for_event",
-        )
-
-    @cachedList(
-        cached_method_name="_get_state_group_for_event",
-        list_name="event_ids",
-        num_args=1,
-        inlineCallbacks=True,
-    )
-    def _get_state_group_for_events(self, event_ids):
-        """Returns mapping event_id -> state_group
-        """
-        rows = yield self._simple_select_many_batch(
-            table="event_to_state_groups",
-            column="event_id",
-            iterable=event_ids,
-            keyvalues={},
-            retcols=("event_id", "state_group"),
-            desc="_get_state_group_for_events",
-        )
-
-        return {row["event_id"]: row["state_group"] for row in rows}
-
-    def _get_state_for_group_using_cache(self, cache, group, state_filter):
-        """Checks if group is in cache. See `_get_state_for_groups`
-
-        Args:
-            cache(DictionaryCache): the state group cache to use
-            group(int): The state group to lookup
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns 2-tuple (`state_dict`, `got_all`).
-        `got_all` is a bool indicating if we successfully retrieved all
-        requests state from the cache, if False we need to query the DB for the
-        missing state.
-        """
-        is_all, known_absent, state_dict_ids = cache.get(group)
-
-        if is_all or state_filter.is_full():
-            # Either we have everything or want everything, either way
-            # `is_all` tells us whether we've gotten everything.
-            return state_filter.filter_state(state_dict_ids), is_all
-
-        # tracks whether any of our requested types are missing from the cache
-        missing_types = False
-
-        if state_filter.has_wildcards():
-            # We don't know if we fetched all the state keys for the types in
-            # the filter that are wildcards, so we have to assume that we may
-            # have missed some.
-            missing_types = True
-        else:
-            # There aren't any wild cards, so `concrete_types()` returns the
-            # complete list of event types we're wanting.
-            for key in state_filter.concrete_types():
-                if key not in state_dict_ids and key not in known_absent:
-                    missing_types = True
-                    break
-
-        return state_filter.filter_state(state_dict_ids), not missing_types
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _get_state_for_groups(self, groups, state_filter=StateFilter.all()):
-        """Gets the state at each of a list of state groups, optionally
-        filtering by type/state_key
-
-        Args:
-            groups (iterable[int]): list of state groups for which we want
-                to get the state.
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]]]:
-                dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
-        """
-
-        member_filter, non_member_filter = state_filter.get_member_split()
-
-        # Now we look them up in the member and non-member caches
-        non_member_state, incomplete_groups_nm, = (
-            yield self._get_state_for_groups_using_cache(
-                groups, self._state_group_cache, state_filter=non_member_filter
-            )
-        )
-
-        member_state, incomplete_groups_m, = (
-            yield self._get_state_for_groups_using_cache(
-                groups, self._state_group_members_cache, state_filter=member_filter
-            )
-        )
-
-        state = dict(non_member_state)
-        for group in groups:
-            state[group].update(member_state[group])
-
-        # Now fetch any missing groups from the database
-
-        incomplete_groups = incomplete_groups_m | incomplete_groups_nm
-
-        if not incomplete_groups:
-            return state
-
-        cache_sequence_nm = self._state_group_cache.sequence
-        cache_sequence_m = self._state_group_members_cache.sequence
-
-        # Help the cache hit ratio by expanding the filter a bit
-        db_state_filter = state_filter.return_expanded()
-
-        group_to_state_dict = yield self._get_state_groups_from_groups(
-            list(incomplete_groups), state_filter=db_state_filter
-        )
-
-        # Now lets update the caches
-        self._insert_into_cache(
-            group_to_state_dict,
-            db_state_filter,
-            cache_seq_num_members=cache_sequence_m,
-            cache_seq_num_non_members=cache_sequence_nm,
-        )
-
-        # And finally update the result dict, by filtering out any extra
-        # stuff we pulled out of the database.
-        for group, group_state_dict in iteritems(group_to_state_dict):
-            # We just replace any existing entries, as we will have loaded
-            # everything we need from the database anyway.
-            state[group] = state_filter.filter_state(group_state_dict)
-
-        return state
-
-    def _get_state_for_groups_using_cache(self, groups, cache, state_filter):
-        """Gets the state at each of a list of state groups, optionally
-        filtering by type/state_key, querying from a specific cache.
-
-        Args:
-            groups (iterable[int]): list of state groups for which we want
-                to get the state.
-            cache (DictionaryCache): the cache of group ids to state dicts which
-                we will pass through - either the normal state cache or the specific
-                members state cache.
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-
-        Returns:
-            tuple[dict[int, dict[tuple[str, str], str]], set[int]]: Tuple of
-            dict of state_group_id -> (dict of (type, state_key) -> event id)
-            of entries in the cache, and the state group ids either missing
-            from the cache or incomplete.
-        """
-        results = {}
-        incomplete_groups = set()
-        for group in set(groups):
-            state_dict_ids, got_all = self._get_state_for_group_using_cache(
-                cache, group, state_filter
-            )
-            results[group] = state_dict_ids
-
-            if not got_all:
-                incomplete_groups.add(group)
-
-        return results, incomplete_groups
-
-    def _insert_into_cache(
-        self,
-        group_to_state_dict,
-        state_filter,
-        cache_seq_num_members,
-        cache_seq_num_non_members,
-    ):
-        """Inserts results from querying the database into the relevant cache.
-
-        Args:
-            group_to_state_dict (dict): The new entries pulled from database.
-                Map from state group to state dict
-            state_filter (StateFilter): The state filter used to fetch state
-                from the database.
-            cache_seq_num_members (int): Sequence number of member cache since
-                last lookup in cache
-            cache_seq_num_non_members (int): Sequence number of member cache since
-                last lookup in cache
-        """
-
-        # We need to work out which types we've fetched from the DB for the
-        # member vs non-member caches. This should be as accurate as possible,
-        # but can be an underestimate (e.g. when we have wild cards)
-
-        member_filter, non_member_filter = state_filter.get_member_split()
-        if member_filter.is_full():
-            # We fetched all member events
-            member_types = None
-        else:
-            # `concrete_types()` will only return a subset when there are wild
-            # cards in the filter, but that's fine.
-            member_types = member_filter.concrete_types()
-
-        if non_member_filter.is_full():
-            # We fetched all non member events
-            non_member_types = None
-        else:
-            non_member_types = non_member_filter.concrete_types()
-
-        for group, group_state_dict in iteritems(group_to_state_dict):
-            state_dict_members = {}
-            state_dict_non_members = {}
-
-            for k, v in iteritems(group_state_dict):
-                if k[0] == EventTypes.Member:
-                    state_dict_members[k] = v
-                else:
-                    state_dict_non_members[k] = v
-
-            self._state_group_members_cache.update(
-                cache_seq_num_members,
-                key=group,
-                value=state_dict_members,
-                fetched_keys=member_types,
-            )
-
-            self._state_group_cache.update(
-                cache_seq_num_non_members,
-                key=group,
-                value=state_dict_non_members,
-                fetched_keys=non_member_types,
-            )
-
-    def store_state_group(
-        self, event_id, room_id, prev_group, delta_ids, current_state_ids
-    ):
-        """Store a new set of state, returning a newly assigned state group.
-
-        Args:
-            event_id (str): The event ID for which the state was calculated
-            room_id (str)
-            prev_group (int|None): A previous state group for the room, optional.
-            delta_ids (dict|None): The delta between state at `prev_group` and
-                `current_state_ids`, if `prev_group` was given. Same format as
-                `current_state_ids`.
-            current_state_ids (dict): The state to store. Map of (type, state_key)
-                to event_id.
-
-        Returns:
-            Deferred[int]: The state group ID
-        """
-
-        def _store_state_group_txn(txn):
-            if current_state_ids is None:
-                # AFAIK, this can never happen
-                raise Exception("current_state_ids cannot be None")
-
-            state_group = self.database_engine.get_next_state_group_id(txn)
-
-            self._simple_insert_txn(
-                txn,
-                table="state_groups",
-                values={"id": state_group, "room_id": room_id, "event_id": event_id},
-            )
-
-            # We persist as a delta if we can, while also ensuring the chain
-            # of deltas isn't tooo long, as otherwise read performance degrades.
-            if prev_group:
-                is_in_db = self._simple_select_one_onecol_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="state_groups",
-                    keyvalues={"id": prev_group},
-                    retcol="id",
-                    allow_none=True,
-                )
-                if not is_in_db:
-                    raise Exception(
-                        "Trying to persist state with unpersisted prev_group: %r"
-                        % (prev_group,)
-                    )
-
-                potential_hops = self._count_state_group_hops_txn(txn, prev_group)
-            if prev_group and potential_hops < MAX_STATE_DELTA_HOPS:
-                self._simple_insert_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="state_group_edges",
-                    values={"state_group": state_group, "prev_state_group": prev_group},
-                )
-
-                self._simple_insert_many_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="state_groups_state",
-                    values=[
-                        {
-                            "state_group": state_group,
-                            "room_id": room_id,
-                            "type": key[0],
-                            "state_key": key[1],
-                            "event_id": state_id,
-                        }
-                        for key, state_id in iteritems(delta_ids)
-                    ],
-                )
-            else:
-                self._simple_insert_many_txn(
-                    txn,
-                    table="state_groups_state",
-                    values=[
-                        {
-                            "state_group": state_group,
-                            "room_id": room_id,
-                            "type": key[0],
-                            "state_key": key[1],
-                            "event_id": state_id,
-                        }
-                        for key, state_id in iteritems(current_state_ids)
-                    ],
-                )
-
-            # Prefill the state group caches with this group.
-            # It's fine to use the sequence like this as the state group map
-            # is immutable. (If the map wasn't immutable then this prefill could
-            # race with another update)
-
-            current_member_state_ids = {
-                s: ev
-                for (s, ev) in iteritems(current_state_ids)
-                if s[0] == EventTypes.Member
-            }
-            txn.call_after(
-                self._state_group_members_cache.update,
-                self._state_group_members_cache.sequence,
-                key=state_group,
-                value=dict(current_member_state_ids),
-            )
-
-            current_non_member_state_ids = {
-                s: ev
-                for (s, ev) in iteritems(current_state_ids)
-                if s[0] != EventTypes.Member
-            }
-            txn.call_after(
-                self._state_group_cache.update,
-                self._state_group_cache.sequence,
-                key=state_group,
-                value=dict(current_non_member_state_ids),
-            )
-
-            return state_group
-
-        return self.runInteraction("store_state_group", _store_state_group_txn)
-
-
-class StateBackgroundUpdateStore(
-    StateGroupBackgroundUpdateStore, BackgroundUpdateStore
-):
-
-    STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_deduplication"
-    STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "state_group_state_type_index"
-    CURRENT_STATE_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "current_state_members_idx"
-    EVENT_STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME = "event_to_state_groups_sg_index"
-
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(StateBackgroundUpdateStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-        self.register_background_update_handler(
-            self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME,
-            self._background_deduplicate_state,
-        )
-        self.register_background_update_handler(
-            self.STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME, self._background_index_state
-        )
-        self.register_background_index_update(
-            self.CURRENT_STATE_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME,
-            index_name="current_state_events_member_index",
-            table="current_state_events",
-            columns=["state_key"],
-            where_clause="type='m.room.member'",
-        )
-        self.register_background_index_update(
-            self.EVENT_STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME,
-            index_name="event_to_state_groups_sg_index",
-            table="event_to_state_groups",
-            columns=["state_group"],
-        )
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _background_deduplicate_state(self, progress, batch_size):
-        """This background update will slowly deduplicate state by reencoding
-        them as deltas.
-        """
-        last_state_group = progress.get("last_state_group", 0)
-        rows_inserted = progress.get("rows_inserted", 0)
-        max_group = progress.get("max_group", None)
-
-        BATCH_SIZE_SCALE_FACTOR = 100
-
-        batch_size = max(1, int(batch_size / BATCH_SIZE_SCALE_FACTOR))
-
-        if max_group is None:
-            rows = yield self._execute(
-                "_background_deduplicate_state",
-                None,
-                "SELECT coalesce(max(id), 0) FROM state_groups",
-            )
-            max_group = rows[0][0]
-
-        def reindex_txn(txn):
-            new_last_state_group = last_state_group
-            for count in range(batch_size):
-                txn.execute(
-                    "SELECT id, room_id FROM state_groups"
-                    " WHERE ? < id AND id <= ?"
-                    " ORDER BY id ASC"
-                    " LIMIT 1",
-                    (new_last_state_group, max_group),
-                )
-                row = txn.fetchone()
-                if row:
-                    state_group, room_id = row
-
-                if not row or not state_group:
-                    return True, count
-
-                txn.execute(
-                    "SELECT state_group FROM state_group_edges"
-                    " WHERE state_group = ?",
-                    (state_group,),
-                )
-
-                # If we reach a point where we've already started inserting
-                # edges we should stop.
-                if txn.fetchall():
-                    return True, count
-
-                txn.execute(
-                    "SELECT coalesce(max(id), 0) FROM state_groups"
-                    " WHERE id < ? AND room_id = ?",
-                    (state_group, room_id),
-                )
-                prev_group, = txn.fetchone()
-                new_last_state_group = state_group
-
-                if prev_group:
-                    potential_hops = self._count_state_group_hops_txn(txn, prev_group)
-                    if potential_hops >= MAX_STATE_DELTA_HOPS:
-                        # We want to ensure chains are at most this long,#
-                        # otherwise read performance degrades.
-                        continue
-
-                    prev_state = self._get_state_groups_from_groups_txn(
-                        txn, [prev_group]
-                    )
-                    prev_state = prev_state[prev_group]
-
-                    curr_state = self._get_state_groups_from_groups_txn(
-                        txn, [state_group]
-                    )
-                    curr_state = curr_state[state_group]
-
-                    if not set(prev_state.keys()) - set(curr_state.keys()):
-                        # We can only do a delta if the current has a strict super set
-                        # of keys
-
-                        delta_state = {
-                            key: value
-                            for key, value in iteritems(curr_state)
-                            if prev_state.get(key, None) != value
-                        }
-
-                        self._simple_delete_txn(
-                            txn,
-                            table="state_group_edges",
-                            keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
-                        )
-
-                        self._simple_insert_txn(
-                            txn,
-                            table="state_group_edges",
-                            values={
-                                "state_group": state_group,
-                                "prev_state_group": prev_group,
-                            },
-                        )
-
-                        self._simple_delete_txn(
-                            txn,
-                            table="state_groups_state",
-                            keyvalues={"state_group": state_group},
-                        )
-
-                        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
-                            txn,
-                            table="state_groups_state",
-                            values=[
-                                {
-                                    "state_group": state_group,
-                                    "room_id": room_id,
-                                    "type": key[0],
-                                    "state_key": key[1],
-                                    "event_id": state_id,
-                                }
-                                for key, state_id in iteritems(delta_state)
-                            ],
-                        )
-
-            progress = {
-                "last_state_group": state_group,
-                "rows_inserted": rows_inserted + batch_size,
-                "max_group": max_group,
-            }
-
-            self._background_update_progress_txn(
-                txn, self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME, progress
-            )
-
-            return False, batch_size
-
-        finished, result = yield self.runInteraction(
-            self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME, reindex_txn
-        )
-
-        if finished:
-            yield self._end_background_update(
-                self.STATE_GROUP_DEDUPLICATION_UPDATE_NAME
-            )
-
-        return result * BATCH_SIZE_SCALE_FACTOR
-
-    @defer.inlineCallbacks
-    def _background_index_state(self, progress, batch_size):
-        def reindex_txn(conn):
-            conn.rollback()
-            if isinstance(self.database_engine, PostgresEngine):
-                # postgres insists on autocommit for the index
-                conn.set_session(autocommit=True)
-                try:
-                    txn = conn.cursor()
-                    txn.execute(
-                        "CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY state_groups_state_type_idx"
-                        " ON state_groups_state(state_group, type, state_key)"
-                    )
-                    txn.execute("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS state_groups_state_id")
-                finally:
-                    conn.set_session(autocommit=False)
-            else:
-                txn = conn.cursor()
-                txn.execute(
-                    "CREATE INDEX state_groups_state_type_idx"
-                    " ON state_groups_state(state_group, type, state_key)"
-                )
-                txn.execute("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS state_groups_state_id")
-
-        yield self.runWithConnection(reindex_txn)
-
-        yield self._end_background_update(self.STATE_GROUP_INDEX_UPDATE_NAME)
-
-        return 1
-
-
-class StateStore(StateGroupWorkerStore, StateBackgroundUpdateStore):
-    """ Keeps track of the state at a given event.
-
-    This is done by the concept of `state groups`. Every event is a assigned
-    a state group (identified by an arbitrary string), which references a
-    collection of state events. The current state of an event is then the
-    collection of state events referenced by the event's state group.
-
-    Hence, every change in the current state causes a new state group to be
-    generated. However, if no change happens (e.g., if we get a message event
-    with only one parent it inherits the state group from its parent.)
-
-    There are three tables:
-      * `state_groups`: Stores group name, first event with in the group and
-        room id.
-      * `event_to_state_groups`: Maps events to state groups.
-      * `state_groups_state`: Maps state group to state events.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, db_conn, hs):
-        super(StateStore, self).__init__(db_conn, hs)
-
-    def _store_event_state_mappings_txn(self, txn, events_and_contexts):
-        state_groups = {}
-        for event, context in events_and_contexts:
-            if event.internal_metadata.is_outlier():
-                continue
-
-            # if the event was rejected, just give it the same state as its
-            # predecessor.
-            if context.rejected:
-                state_groups[event.event_id] = context.prev_group
-                continue
-
-            state_groups[event.event_id] = context.state_group
-
-        self._simple_insert_many_txn(
-            txn,
-            table="event_to_state_groups",
-            values=[
-                {"state_group": state_group_id, "event_id": event_id}
-                for event_id, state_group_id in iteritems(state_groups)
-            ],
-        )
-
-        for event_id, state_group_id in iteritems(state_groups):
-            txn.call_after(
-                self._get_state_group_for_event.prefill, (event_id,), state_group_id
-            )