using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

using Org.BouncyCastle.Math;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Utilities;

namespace Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1
{
    public class DerObjectIdentifier
        : Asn1Object
    {
        private readonly string identifier;

        private byte[] body = null;

        /**
         * return an Oid from the passed in object
         *
         * @exception ArgumentException if the object cannot be converted.
         */
        public static DerObjectIdentifier GetInstance(object obj)
        {
            if (obj == null || obj is DerObjectIdentifier)
                return (DerObjectIdentifier) obj;
            if (obj is byte[])
                return FromOctetString((byte[])obj);
            throw new ArgumentException("illegal object in GetInstance: " + Platform.GetTypeName(obj), "obj");
        }

        /**
         * return an object Identifier from a tagged object.
         *
         * @param obj the tagged object holding the object we want
         * @param explicitly true if the object is meant to be explicitly
         *              tagged false otherwise.
         * @exception ArgumentException if the tagged object cannot
         *               be converted.
         */
        public static DerObjectIdentifier GetInstance(
            Asn1TaggedObject	obj,
            bool				explicitly)
        {
            Asn1Object o = obj.GetObject();

            if (explicitly || o is DerObjectIdentifier)
            {
                return GetInstance(o);
            }

            return FromOctetString(Asn1OctetString.GetInstance(o).GetOctets());
        }

        public DerObjectIdentifier(
            string identifier)
        {
            if (identifier == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("identifier");
            if (!IsValidIdentifier(identifier))
                throw new FormatException("string " + identifier + " not an OID");

            this.identifier = identifier;
        }

        internal DerObjectIdentifier(DerObjectIdentifier oid, string branchID)
        {
            if (!IsValidBranchID(branchID, 0))
                throw new ArgumentException("string " + branchID + " not a valid OID branch", "branchID");

            this.identifier = oid.Id + "." + branchID;
        }

        // TODO Change to ID?
        public string Id
        {
            get { return identifier; }
        }

        public virtual DerObjectIdentifier Branch(string branchID)
        {
            return new DerObjectIdentifier(this, branchID);
        }

        /**
         * Return  true if this oid is an extension of the passed in branch, stem.
         * @param stem the arc or branch that is a possible parent.
         * @return  true if the branch is on the passed in stem, false otherwise.
         */
        public virtual bool On(DerObjectIdentifier stem)
        {
            string id = Id, stemId = stem.Id;
            return id.Length > stemId.Length && id[stemId.Length] == '.' && Platform.StartsWith(id, stemId);
        }

        internal DerObjectIdentifier(byte[] bytes)
        {
            this.identifier = MakeOidStringFromBytes(bytes);
            this.body = Arrays.Clone(bytes);
        }

        private void WriteField(
            Stream	outputStream,
            long	fieldValue)
        {
            byte[] result = new byte[9];
            int pos = 8;
            result[pos] = (byte)(fieldValue & 0x7f);
            while (fieldValue >= (1L << 7))
            {
                fieldValue >>= 7;
                result[--pos] = (byte)((fieldValue & 0x7f) | 0x80);
            }
            outputStream.Write(result, pos, 9 - pos);
        }

        private void WriteField(
            Stream		outputStream,
            BigInteger	fieldValue)
        {
            int byteCount = (fieldValue.BitLength + 6) / 7;
            if (byteCount == 0)
            {
                outputStream.WriteByte(0);
            }
            else
            {
                BigInteger tmpValue = fieldValue;
                byte[] tmp = new byte[byteCount];
                for (int i = byteCount-1; i >= 0; i--)
                {
                    tmp[i] = (byte) ((tmpValue.IntValue & 0x7f) | 0x80);
                    tmpValue = tmpValue.ShiftRight(7);
                }
                tmp[byteCount-1] &= 0x7f;
                outputStream.Write(tmp, 0, tmp.Length);
            }
        }

        private void DoOutput(MemoryStream bOut)
        {
            OidTokenizer tok = new OidTokenizer(identifier);

            string token = tok.NextToken();
            int first = int.Parse(token) * 40;

            token = tok.NextToken();
            if (token.Length <= 18)
            {
                WriteField(bOut, first + Int64.Parse(token));
            }
            else
            {
                WriteField(bOut, new BigInteger(token).Add(BigInteger.ValueOf(first)));
            }

            while (tok.HasMoreTokens)
            {
                token = tok.NextToken();
                if (token.Length <= 18)
                {
                    WriteField(bOut, Int64.Parse(token));
                }
                else
                {
                    WriteField(bOut, new BigInteger(token));
                }
            }
        }

        internal byte[] GetBody()
        {
            lock (this)
            {
                if (body == null)
                {
                    MemoryStream bOut = new MemoryStream();
                    DoOutput(bOut);
                    body = bOut.ToArray();
                }
            }

            return body;
        }

        internal override void Encode(
            DerOutputStream derOut)
        {
            derOut.WriteEncoded(Asn1Tags.ObjectIdentifier, GetBody());
        }

        protected override int Asn1GetHashCode()
        {
            return identifier.GetHashCode();
        }

        protected override bool Asn1Equals(
            Asn1Object asn1Object)
        {
            DerObjectIdentifier other = asn1Object as DerObjectIdentifier;

            if (other == null)
                return false;

            return this.identifier.Equals(other.identifier);
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return identifier;
        }

        private static bool IsValidBranchID(
            string branchID, int start)
        {
            bool periodAllowed = false;

            int pos = branchID.Length;
            while (--pos >= start)
            {
                char ch = branchID[pos];

                // TODO Leading zeroes?
                if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
                {
                    periodAllowed = true;
                    continue;
                }

                if (ch == '.')
                {
                    if (!periodAllowed)
                        return false;

                    periodAllowed = false;
                    continue;
                }

                return false;
            }

            return periodAllowed;
        }

        private static bool IsValidIdentifier(string identifier)
        {
            if (identifier.Length < 3 || identifier[1] != '.')
                return false;

            char first = identifier[0];
            if (first < '0' || first > '2')
                return false;

            return IsValidBranchID(identifier, 2);
        }

        private const long LONG_LIMIT = (long.MaxValue >> 7) - 0x7f;

        private static string MakeOidStringFromBytes(
            byte[] bytes)
        {
            StringBuilder	objId = new StringBuilder();
            long			value = 0;
            BigInteger		bigValue = null;
            bool			first = true;

            for (int i = 0; i != bytes.Length; i++)
            {
                int b = bytes[i];

                if (value <= LONG_LIMIT)
                {
                    value += (b & 0x7f);
                    if ((b & 0x80) == 0)             // end of number reached
                    {
                        if (first)
                        {
                            if (value < 40)
                            {
                                objId.Append('0');
                            }
                            else if (value < 80)
                            {
                                objId.Append('1');
                                value -= 40;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                objId.Append('2');
                                value -= 80;
                            }
                            first = false;
                        }

                        objId.Append('.');
                        objId.Append(value);
                        value = 0;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        value <<= 7;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (bigValue == null)
                    {
                        bigValue = BigInteger.ValueOf(value);
                    }
                    bigValue = bigValue.Or(BigInteger.ValueOf(b & 0x7f));
                    if ((b & 0x80) == 0)
                    {
                        if (first)
                        {
                            objId.Append('2');
                            bigValue = bigValue.Subtract(BigInteger.ValueOf(80));
                            first = false;
                        }

                        objId.Append('.');
                        objId.Append(bigValue);
                        bigValue = null;
                        value = 0;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        bigValue = bigValue.ShiftLeft(7);
                    }
                }
            }

            return objId.ToString();
        }

        private static readonly DerObjectIdentifier[] cache = new DerObjectIdentifier[1024];

        internal static DerObjectIdentifier FromOctetString(byte[] enc)
        {
            int hashCode = Arrays.GetHashCode(enc);
            int first = hashCode & 1023;

            lock (cache)
            {
                DerObjectIdentifier entry = cache[first];
                if (entry != null && Arrays.AreEqual(enc, entry.GetBody()))
                {
                    return entry;
                }

                return cache[first] = new DerObjectIdentifier(enc);
            }
        }
    }
}